CN102073077A - Efficient photodiffusion material as well as preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Efficient photodiffusion material as well as preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to an efficient photodiffusion material as well as a preparation method and application thereof. The efficient photodiffusion material provided by the invention comprises a substrate material with high transparency (refractive index is N1 and transparency is more than 80 percent) and a microsphere, wherein the microsphere is distributed in the substrate material, comprises more than two high-transparency materials and has two or more layers of shell structures; the refractive index from an outer layer to an inner layer is n2, n3, ......, nN in sequence and meets the condition that n1 >n2>n3> ...... >nN (N is a natural number which is smaller than or equal to 5); when a light beam is projected on the microsphere from the substrate material, the light beam can generate total reflection on the interface between the substrate material and the microsphere and the interface among all layers of the microsphere; and the direction of original incident light is defected, and the effect of photodiffusion is achieved. The preparation method comprises the following steps of: preparing the microsphere with two or more layers of shells by adopting a coating method; and mixing the microsphere into the high-transparency substrate material in different ways.
Description
[technical field]: the invention belongs to material and lighting technical field, relate to a kind of photodiffusion material and preparation method thereof and application, particularly a kind of to incident light absorbs less, diffuser efficiency is high photodiffusion material and preparation method thereof and application.
[background technology]: illumination is indispensable among the human lives.For the illumination of most cases, all need illumination light to have uniform spatial light intensity (or luminance brightness) and distribute.Yet, the mode work that almost present all light sources all are luminous to put (being pointolite) or line luminous (being line source).For example, common fluorescent tube and cold cathode fluorescent lamp (CCFL) just belong to typical line source, and traditional incandescent lamp is luminous with a segment filament, it can be considered as pointolite outside certain distance.Most typical pointolite should be fast-developing at present semiconductor light-emitting-diode (LED).The size of single led tube core is very little, and light-emitting zone is also very little, is real pointolite for illumination.For realizing even illumination, it is luminous that just the light that pointolite or line source need be sent is transformed into face.Method commonly used is exactly to add the material with light scattering or light diffusion before light source, realizes above-mentioned conversion.For example in room lighting, often use various forms of lampshades, its purpose is exactly that the light that bulb or fluorescent tube send is transformed into face is luminous, produces space distribution and throw light on comparatively uniformly, and the sensation of elimination dazzle makes human eye perceives soft comfortable.Adopting LED is in the illumination of luminescent device, and it is more important that the effect of light scattering or photodiffusion material then seems.
The existing method of light diffusion that realizes comprises: 1) produce the optical texture of rule or stochastic distribution on the surface of transparent material, as lenticule, microprism etc.During these microstructures of light process, produce refraction at the interphase place with air, deviation takes place in the direction of propagation of incident light, thereby produces photodiffusion effect.The characteristics of these class methods are that light transmission rate is higher, but because the just refraction at interface, so the light diffusion effect is not ideal enough.2) in transparent material, add so-called light diffusing agent, make light scattering or photodiffusion material.Light diffusing agent is actually the particle with a certain size distribution, its material can be inorganic also can be organic.Inorganic particulate commonly used has silicon dioxide, zinc paste, titania, zirconia, aluminium oxide, zinc sulphide, barium sulphate, with and composition thereof etc.Organic granular commonly used comprises styrenic polymer, acrylic polymers, type siloxane polymkeric substance etc.The light diffusing agent particle joins in the transparent base by variety of way, and the photodiffusion material that obtains generally can be considered the body diffusion material, and incident light can be by repeatedly scattering, reflection and refraction in the body diffusion material.Inorganic light diffusing agent particle generally has irregularly shaped also opaque, and they mainly are scatterings to the effect of incident light.Therefore as everyone knows, the light scattering process all is accompanied by light absorption in various degree, and the conversion of above-mentioned light all is to be cost to lose certain luminous energy.Organic light diffusing agent particle can have regular shape (as sphere or subglobular), and is also transparent in various degree.In this case, the light diffusion mainly is to realize in the mode that reflects and reflect.
The important technological parameters that characterizes light scattering or photodiffusion material performance comprises transmittance and mist degree.Transmittance is represented the overall utilization factor of photodiffusion material to incident light, and mist degree represents that then incident light departs from the degree of former incident direction, so can be used for characterizing the diffusion that photodiffusion material is introduced incident light.For the photodiffusion material based on particle scattering, the increase of mist degree must cause reducing of transmittance.In fact, its transmittance of the lampshade that uses in people's daily life all is not very high, that is to say that quite a few luminous energy is lost.Therefore, it is very important for the luminous energy that effectively utilizes light source that exploitation has the photodiffusion material of high transmission rate and high mist degree.Except general lighting, high-efficiency photodiffusion material is also most important for the development of display technique.LCD display is used widely in computing machine demonstration, domestic television set and large screen display at present.LCD needs the uniform back lighting device of illumination in showing, especially adopts the LED device to make the back lighting device of light source.As previously mentioned, LED is typical pointolite, and converting thereof into the illumination uniform surface light source, just to be used for LCD backlight, and the photodiffusion material with high mist degree and high transmission rate is a critical material of realizing above-mentioned conversion.
[summary of the invention]: the present invention seeks to solve existing photodiffusion material can't be realized high transmission rate and high diffusivity simultaneously because of the direction of propagation that utilizes scattering, reflection and refraction to change light problem, providing a kind of utilizes the total reflection of light and realizes the material of light diffusion, thereby reach minimizing to absorption of incident light, can reach the purpose of high transmission rate and high light diffusivity simultaneously.
Two of purpose of the present invention is that a kind of method of making above-mentioned photodiffusion material is provided.
Three of purpose of the present invention is that a kind of surface illuminating device that adopts above-mentioned photodiffusion material to make is provided.
High-efficiency photodiffusion material provided by the invention, comprise matrix material and be distributed in small spheroid in the matrix material with high grade of transparency, described matrix material is glass or organic resin material, and its refractive index is n1, and the described high grade of transparency is meant that transparency is more than 80%; The small spheroid with two-layer or two-layer above shell structure of described small spheroid for forming by two or more high grade of transparency materials, the diameter of spheroid is 1 micron to 1000 microns, the thickness of each shell of spheroid is the 1%-20% of sphere diameter, be followed successively by n2 by skin to the refractive index of internal layer, n3, ..., nN, and satisfy n1＞n2＞n3＞...＞nN, N is the natural number smaller or equal to 5, when making light beam be incident on the small spheroid by matrix material, can total reflection take place at the interface and the interface between small each layer of spheroid of matrix material and small spheroid, make former incident direction of light generation deviation, reach the effect of light diffusion.Interface between the interface of described matrix material and small spheroid and small each layer of spheroid is smooth surface.
The manufacturing process of the method for making of above-mentioned high-efficiency photodiffusion material provided by the invention is: adopt high grade of transparency glass or organic resin material as matrix material, adopt the small spheroid of hollow silicon dioxide (constituting) as the light dispersive medium by outer field silicon dioxide and middle two kinds of materials of air, described hollow silicon dioxide microsphere is to sneak in the matrix material polymerization process, or in ultra-violet curing and curing process, sneak into, form with blend again or in extrusion modling or process of injection molding adds, and the volume ratio of hollow silicon dioxide microsphere and matrix material is between 5/95 to 50/50.
The present invention provides a kind of surface illuminating device that above-mentioned high-efficiency photodiffusion material is made of using simultaneously, this device comprises substrate, the upper surface of substrate is provided with the reflective membrane of one deck high reflectance, the top of reflective membrane is a light diffusing sheet that is made of above-mentioned high-efficiency photodiffusion material, is fixed with at least one pointolite or line source between reflective membrane on the substrate and light diffusing sheet.Refraction or total reflection take place in each laminar surface of the small spheroid of light in photodiffusion material that is sent by pointolite or line source, and spread along the diffuser plate plane.Because light is repeatedly reflection between the small spheroid of difference, there is part light to propagate to the highly reflecting films of the upper surface of substrate, and by this reflectance coating reflected back diffuser plate.Therefore the light that is sent by pointolite or line source can propagated along diffuser plate, and makes it be transformed to area source, and has high diffusivity.Different with particle scattering, light is off-energy not in refraction or total reflection process, so surface illuminating device of the present invention has high conversion efficiency simultaneously.
Advantage of the present invention and good effect:
Photodiffusion material provided by the invention utilizes the total reflection of light and realizes the diffusion of light, thereby reaches minimizing to absorption of incident light, can reach high transmission rate and high light diffusivity simultaneously.
It is simple that this method for making has technology, low for equipment requirements and be easy to remarkable advantage such as popularizations grade.
It is luminous that the light that this light-emitting device can high conversion efficiency sends pointolite (as LED) or line source (as cold cathode fluorescent lamp CCFL) is transformed to face.
[description of drawings]:
Fig. 1 is the photodiffusion material synoptic diagram that contains small spheroid.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of surface illuminating device.
Among the figure, 101 is the matrix material of the high grade of transparency; 102 is the interface of the kernel and the shell of small spheroid; 103 is the interface of the shell and the matrix material of small spheroid; 104 is incident ray; 105 is the light by the total reflection of different medium interface; 106 is the light after total reflection repeatedly; 201 is substrate; 202 is pointolite or line source; 203 is reflectance coating; 204 is diffuser plate; 205 is the small spheroid in the photodiffusion material; 206 is the light that pointolite or line source send; 207 light that send for surface illuminating device; 208 is the light through the reflectance coating reflection.
[embodiment]:
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the photodiffusion material that the present invention relates to and preparation method thereof and principle and the embodiment used are elaborated.
Embodiment 1: photodiffusion material
Photodiffusion material as shown in Figure 1 is made of matrix material 101 and the small spheroid 107 that is distributed in wherein.Matrix material 101 is that transparency is at the high transparent material more than 80%, as glass or organic resin material.Compare with glass material, organic resin material has the fragmentation of being difficult for, and processibility is good, and mouldability is good, so preferred matrix material as the photodiffusion material that the present invention relates to.The kind of available organic resin material has thermoplastic resin, thermoset resin, ultraviolet curable resin etc.Concrete organic resin material has polycarbonate (PC) resin, polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA), vibrin, polystyrene resin, epoxy resin, polyamide etc.The refractive index of matrix material 101 is represented with n1.
According to thought of the present invention, small spheroid 107 should be the two-layer or two-layer spheroid that constitutes with upper shell (can be solid sphere, also can be that hollow ball is air promptly), is made of at the high transparent material more than 80% transparency.Be followed successively by n2 by outer casing to the refractive index of internal layer shell, n3 ..., nN, and satisfy n1＞n2＞n3＞...＞nN, N are the natural number smaller or equal to 5.What accompanying drawing 1 was represented is a kind of situation (also can get 3 layers, 4 layers or 5 layers) of spheroid of double-layer structure.Small spheroid 107 can be with a kind of refractive index materials with smaller as ball, the method preparation of the high transparent material that increases according to this in its outside coated one or more layers refractive index.
For example, polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) is 1.49 in the refractive index of visible-range, is nuclear with the PMMA spheric grain, and coated one deck refractive index is 1.51 polyvinyl resin around it, can form the spheroid that two-layer housing of the presently claimed invention constitutes.
Another example is hollow glass (silicon dioxide) microballoon, and the refractive index of glass spherical shell wherein is 1.45, and the refractive index of gas is approximately 1.0 in the glass spherical shell.As shown in Figure 1, when incident ray is incident to the interface 103 of matrix material 101 and small spheroid 107 by matrix material 101, if light has with a certain distance from the ball centre line, make incident angle greater than critical angle, light is 103 generation total reflections at the interface; When incident light during near the center line of spheroid, less for its incident angle of this interface, light will produce refraction at this interface, and enter the shell of small spheroid 107, and when arriving interface 102, its incident angle may be greater than critical angle, and 102 total reflections take place at the interface.When a plurality of small spheroids existed, repeatedly refraction and total reflection may take place in light between different spheroids, made incident light produce diffusion fully.Owing in diffusion process, only have refraction, reflection and total reflection, so luminous energy loses hardly in the diffusion process.Therefore, the present invention relates to the remarkable advantage that diffusion material has high diffusivity and high-light-energy utilization factor.
The method for making of embodiment 2. photodiffusion materials
According to the method for making of photodiffusion material provided by the invention, can comprise the steps:
1) preparation has the two-layer or two-layer small spheroid of being made up of two or more high grade of transparency materials with upper shell;
2) above-mentioned small spheroid is blended in the matrix material with high grade of transparency by various mode.
Prepare small spheroid and can adopt existing method, be ball for example with the lower transparent resin material of a kind of refractive index, at its peripheral another kind of transparent resin material that coats one deck refractive index greater than described ball refractive index, form the structure that a ball adds first shell.Can also outside the ground floor shell, coat second layer shell again, and the refractive index of second layer shell is greater than the refractive index of first shell.The small spheroid that can prepare many shell structurres with the method.
Small spheroid is being sneaked on the method for matrix material, also can adopt known existing method.For example, the small spheroid that the prepares ratio in designing requirement is joined in the liquid resin material, make small spheroid and liquid resin material fully mixed by mechanical raking or sonic oscillation.Adopt the method for ultra-violet curing and heat curing then, make photodiffusion material.Photodiffusion material can be made shapes such as bulk, sheet material, film according to different application, can also use mould to be directly formed to required different shape.In addition, also can in extrusion molding or injection molding process, small spheroid be sneaked in the matrix material.
In the embodiment given herein, select for use polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) as matrix material, the small spheroid of hollow glass (silicon dioxide) is as the light dispersive medium.PMMA is 1.49 in the refractive index of visible-range, and the refractive index of silicon dioxide is 1.45, and the refractive index of gas is approximately 1.0 in the glass spherical shell.At first commercially available pure white hollow glass micro-ball is sieved, choose mean diameter at 50 microns conduct light diffusion particle.The wall thickness of hollow glass micro-ball is that the 1-10 micron does not wait.10: 90 by volume ratio of hollow glass micro-ball and Powdered PMMA is evenly mixed, then PMMA is heated to molten state, and stirring is evenly distributed among the PMMA hollow glass micro-ball.Adopt above-mentioned forming method, after cooling, can obtain the photodiffusion material of required form.
The adjuvant that can also add other function in the said process as required in right amount, as various ultraviolet light absorbers, antioxidant, colorant, optical bleaching agent, antistatic agent, heat-resistant agent, the agent of selection wavelength absorption etc., to obtain photodiffusion material with various functions.
By the photodiffusion material that said method is made, not only have the high and high advantage of light diffusivity of transmittance, but also can eliminate material internal stress, guarantee dimensional stability, improve resistance to compression and impact resistance, improve characteristics such as refractability and corrosion resistance.
Embodiment 3. surface illuminating devices
As shown in Figure 2, it is the aluminium alloy plate of 3mm that substrate 201 selects 50mmX50mm thickness, after the surface thereof polishing, plates one deck pure aluminium film again with vacuum vapour deposition, as reflective membrane.For preventing that pure aluminium film from lowering reflectivity because of oxidation, on pure aluminium film, plate the layer of silicon dioxide diaphragm again, constitute reflectance coating 203 thus.Light emitting diode (LED) is installed as pointolite 202 at the center of substrate 201.Above pointolite 202 50mmX50mm thickness being installed is the light diffusing sheet 204 of 3mm.Light diffusing sheet 204 is made according to above-mentioned principle and method, wherein is evenly distributed with hollow glass micro-ball 205.Repeatedly refraction and total reflection take place at the outside surface and the inside surface of hollow glass micro-ball 205 in the light 206 that is sent by light source 202, and part light (208) arrives reflectance coating 203 by its reflected light diffuser plate 204.Because the acting in conjunction of reflectance coating 203 and light diffusing sheet 204, light can be propagated by middle mind-set all around along the plane of light diffusing sheet 204, realizes light diffusion function.The light 207 of diffusion is by the upper surface outgoing of light diffusing sheet 204.By thought of the present invention, can adopt a plurality of pointolites or the line source of array distribution, realize large-area even illumination.
A kind of surface illuminating device that the present invention proposes has characteristics such as light diffusivity height, overall efficiency of light energy utilization height, luminous all even thin thickness, can be used for the common LED illumination and comprises the illumination of LCD Staight downward type backlight.
Those skilled in the art are clear, and thought of the present invention can adopt the alternate manner beyond the above-named embodiment to realize.
Claims (4)
1. high-efficiency photodiffusion material, it is characterized in that this material comprises the matrix material with high grade of transparency and is distributed in small spheroid in the matrix material, described matrix material is glass or organic resin material, and its refractive index is n1, and transparency is more than 80%; The small spheroid with two-layer or two-layer above shell structure of described small spheroid for forming by two or more high grade of transparency materials, the diameter of spheroid is 1 micron to 1000 microns, the thickness of each shell of spheroid is the 1%-20% of sphere diameter, be followed successively by n2 by skin to the refractive index of internal layer, n3, ..., nN, and satisfy n1＞n2＞n3＞...＞nN, N is the natural number smaller or equal to 5, when making light beam be incident on the small spheroid by matrix material, can total reflection take place at the interface and the interface between small each layer of spheroid of matrix material and small spheroid.
2. high-efficiency photodiffusion material according to claim 1 it is characterized in that the interface of matrix material and small spheroid, and the interface between small each layer of spheroid is smooth surface.
3. the method for making of the described high-efficiency photodiffusion material of claim 1, the manufacturing process that it is characterized in that this method is: adopt high grade of transparency glass or organic resin material as matrix material, adopt the small spheroid of hollow silicon dioxide as the light dispersive medium, described hollow silicon dioxide microsphere is to sneak in the matrix material polymerization process, or in ultra-violet curing and curing process, sneak into, form with blend again or in extrusion modling or process of injection molding adds, and the volume ratio of hollow silicon dioxide microsphere and matrix material is between 5/95 to 50/50.
4. an application rights requires the surface illuminating device that 1 described high-efficiency photodiffusion material is made, it is characterized in that this device comprises substrate, the upper surface of substrate is provided with the reflective membrane of one deck high reflectance, the top of reflective membrane is a light diffusing sheet that is made of the described high-efficiency photodiffusion material of claim 1, is fixed with at least one pointolite or line source between reflective membrane on the substrate and light diffusing sheet.
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105793031A (en) * | 2013-11-04 | 2016-07-20 | 材料视觉有限公司 | Multi-layered coating system for heat blocking system utilizing voids and method of manufacturing the system |
| CN109031486A (en) * | 2018-08-06 | 2018-12-18 | 曹立军 | A kind of optical diffusion and preparation method thereof |
| TWI676816B (en) * | 2018-08-22 | 2019-11-11 | 白金科技股份有限公司 | Diffuser |
| CN112731573A (en) * | 2020-12-30 | 2021-04-30 | 宁波长阳科技股份有限公司 | Diffusion film and preparation method thereof, backlight module and display device |
| CN114675356A (en) * | 2022-02-23 | 2022-06-28 | 广东瑞捷光电股份有限公司 | Foaming diffusion plate and preparation method thereof |
| CN114924338A (en) * | 2022-06-13 | 2022-08-19 | 深圳市兆驰光元科技有限公司 | Diffusion barrier and backlight unit |
| WO2022222175A1 (en) * | 2021-04-22 | 2022-10-27 | 苏州三鑫时代新材料股份有限公司 | Light diffusion plate containing nitrogen ball or carbon dioxide gas ball |
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| CN101858570A (en) * | 2010-01-12 | 2010-10-13 | 天津大学 | High-efficiency photodiffusion material and production method and application thereof |
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Patent Citations (2)
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| JP2001233611A (en) * | 2000-02-24 | 2001-08-28 | Catalysts & Chem Ind Co Ltd | Silica-based microparticle, method for producing dispersion with the same, and base material with coating film |
| CN101858570A (en) * | 2010-01-12 | 2010-10-13 | 天津大学 | High-efficiency photodiffusion material and production method and application thereof |
Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105793031A (en) * | 2013-11-04 | 2016-07-20 | 材料视觉有限公司 | Multi-layered coating system for heat blocking system utilizing voids and method of manufacturing the system |
| CN105793031B (en) * | 2013-11-04 | 2017-10-20 | 材料视觉有限公司 | Multiple coating system and its manufacture method for heat rejection system |
| US9835929B2 (en) | 2013-11-04 | 2017-12-05 | Materials Vision Co., Ltd. | Multi-layer coating system using voids for heat blocking system and method for manufacturing same |
| CN109031486A (en) * | 2018-08-06 | 2018-12-18 | 曹立军 | A kind of optical diffusion and preparation method thereof |
| TWI676816B (en) * | 2018-08-22 | 2019-11-11 | 白金科技股份有限公司 | Diffuser |
| CN112731573A (en) * | 2020-12-30 | 2021-04-30 | 宁波长阳科技股份有限公司 | Diffusion film and preparation method thereof, backlight module and display device |
| CN112731573B (en) * | 2020-12-30 | 2022-08-05 | 宁波长阳科技股份有限公司 | Diffusion film and preparation method thereof, backlight module and display device |
| WO2022222175A1 (en) * | 2021-04-22 | 2022-10-27 | 苏州三鑫时代新材料股份有限公司 | Light diffusion plate containing nitrogen ball or carbon dioxide gas ball |
| CN114675356A (en) * | 2022-02-23 | 2022-06-28 | 广东瑞捷光电股份有限公司 | Foaming diffusion plate and preparation method thereof |
| CN114924338A (en) * | 2022-06-13 | 2022-08-19 | 深圳市兆驰光元科技有限公司 | Diffusion barrier and backlight unit |
| CN114924338B (en) * | 2022-06-13 | 2023-12-05 | 深圳市兆驰光元科技有限公司 | Diffusion barrier and backlight module |
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Application publication date: 20110525 |