CN102072840B - Method for testing shear fatigue of asphalt mixture - Google Patents
Method for testing shear fatigue of asphalt mixture Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for testing the shear fatigue of an asphalt mixture, and provides the method for testing the shear fatigue by applying periodically repeated load of control stress to an inner steel column through an outer steel column in a fixed coaxial shear testing device by combining loading characteristics of the conventional fatigue test of the asphalt mixture and an implementation mode of shearing of the mixture in the coaxial shear test method. The method is suitable for the asphalt mixture which is newly mixed in a laboratory and can also be used for evaluating the shear fatigue performance of the asphalt mixture in an actual pavement, so road workers can conveniently further investigate a rule for producing shear flow deformation of an asphalt pavement and a mechanism for damaging the shear fatigue of the asphalt mixture under the action of vehicle repeated load, the conventional asphalt mixture performance evaluation system is perfected, and a test analysis method can also be provided for the optimal design of the asphalt mixture based on the shear fatigue resistance performance.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of application of asphalt mixture mechanical property tests, and particularly relates to a method for testing shear fatigue of an asphalt mixture.
Background
The complexity of the effect of climate, vehicle load and environment on the asphalt concrete pavement and the characteristics of large-scale and heavy-load vehicles in recent years cause the asphalt concrete pavement structures to be damaged in different degrees often within the design years, and cause a great amount of material and financial loss. Among various diseases of asphalt pavements, fatigue cracking of pavement structures caused by repeated actions of vehicle loads is one of the more common disease types. In order to effectively prevent and treat fatigue cracking, a great deal of research work is carried out by road workers in various countries, and it is considered that the fatigue cracking of the road surface can be generally divided into three types, i.e., an open type, a shear type and a composite type. The open cracks are mainly caused by horizontal tensile stress of a pavement material under load, the shear cracks are mainly caused by multiple times of shear stress of the asphalt mixture, and the composite cracks are the result of the comprehensive action of the horizontal tensile stress and the shear stress.
On the basis of the classification of fatigue cracks of asphalt pavements, people also realize the research on the formation mechanism of different types of cracks and put forward corresponding prevention and treatment measures on the basis of the research. At present, the research on the open type fatigue cracks is the most, the fatigue life of the asphalt mixture is mainly tested by adopting a fatigue test in a laboratory, the tensile stress or the tensile strain at the bottom of a surface layer is taken as a control index of fatigue design, and the current 'road asphalt pavement design specification' (JTG D50-2006) in China is the pavement structure design considering the open type fatigue fracture performance by using a tensile structure strength coefficient. Fatigue fracture by shearing action has been overlooked in comparison with the study of open cracks. However, in recent years, asphalt pavements in the intersection area of main roads of some big cities have serious problems of crowding, rutting and the like in high-temperature seasons, milling needs to be carried out once every two years for re-surfacing basically, and the problems of crowding and rutting are still serious after the new surfacing experiences one or two summers. Moreover, some highway structures have shear-type cracks of varying degrees due to the recent increase in vehicle axle loads. Based on the above, people pay more and more attention to shear failure of the asphalt pavement at present, and how to evaluate the shear resistance of the asphalt mixture under the action of one load and the shear fatigue performance of the asphalt mixture under the action of repeated loads becomes a problem to be solved urgently.
For the evaluation of the shear resistance of the asphalt mixture under the action of a primary load, researchers have developed various shear meters for testing the shear strength of the asphalt mixture, such as a coaxial shear tester, a uniaxial penetration shear meter, a torsional shear meter and the like, and the shear strength of the asphalt mixture can be reasonably evaluated through the shear meters. Compared with the shear strength test, the research on the shear fatigue performance under multiple loads is relatively lagged. So far, only SST (SuperPave Shear tester) developed by the U.S. SHRP project can be effectively applied to compare and estimate the Shear fatigue resistance of asphalt mixtures. However, the equipment is expensive and has high requirements on operators, and is not widely applied in China at present. Therefore, on the basis of fully utilizing the existing asphalt mixture performance test equipment including MTS, UTM and the like, the method has very important practical significance for realizing the repeated shearing process of the asphalt mixture and carrying out the shearing fatigue performance test.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the invention is as follows:the invention aims to provide a method for testing shear fatigue of an asphalt mixture aiming at the defects of the prior art.
The technical scheme is as follows:the invention provides a shear fatigue testing method of an asphalt mixture, which combines fatigue loading characteristics of a UTM material testing machine and a coaxial shear testing device, provides a testing method for fixing an outer steel cylinder in the coaxial shear testing device and applying periodic repeated load of control stress to an inner steel cylinder to realize shear fatigue.
The method for testing the shear fatigue of the asphalt mixture comprises the following steps:
1) the method comprises the following steps of (1) forming a large Marshall test piece of the asphalt mixture indoors, cutting the test piece into a cylindrical test piece with the height of 50mm, drilling a cylinder with the diameter of 50mm by taking the center of the cylindrical test piece as the center of a circle, and obtaining a hollow cylindrical test piece with an annular section;
2) high-strength glue or epoxy resin is adopted to be coated on the outer side of a cylindrical steel column with the diameter of 50mm and the inner side of a steel sleeve with the inner diameter of 150mm, and a test piece is arranged between the inner steel column and the outer steel sleeve, so that the test piece is tightly and firmly bonded with the two steel modules;
3) after the glue or the resin is completely dried, placing the test piece and the steel module in an environment box with a target temperature and preserving heat for 2-4 hours; and placing the test piece in a UTM material testing machine, fixing an outer steel sleeve, applying a load with the speed of 1mm/min to an inner steel column, and obtaining the load when the asphalt mixture is subjected to shear failure；
4) To be provided with
Setting test parameters such as load waveform, loading frequency, intermittent time and the like as fatigue peak load, fixing the outer steel sleeve, and performing 10000 times of shear fatigue tests on the inner steel column in a stress control mode to obtain the fatigue test product
Obtaining the shear fatigue life of the asphalt mixture under load according to the shear fatigue curve; percentage of fatigue stressIs a value between 0 and 100.
The shear fatigue life of the step 4) is the number of load actions corresponding to the inflection points of the shear stability deformation stage and the failure stage of the shear fatigue curve.
The step 4) is increased for the situation that the third failure stage of the fatigue curve does not appear when the load acts for 10000 times
To obtain a complete fatigue curve and to obtain the shear fatigue life.
Has the advantages that:the invention is a method for testing the shearing fatigue life of the asphalt mixture, is also an important means for researching the shearing flow deformation rule and the fatigue failure mechanism of the mixture and carrying out the optimal design of the mixture according to the shearing flow deformation rule and the fatigue failure mechanism of the mixture, and has obvious advantages in the following aspects.
(1) The invention can test the shear strength of the asphalt mixture, and also can test and obtain the shear deformation development rule and the shear fatigue life of the asphalt mixture under a certain shear stress level, thereby providing an analysis method for comprehensively evaluating the pavement performance of the asphalt mixture.
(2) The invention fully utilizes the UTM of the existing material testing machine, can carry out the shear fatigue test research without adding additional testing equipment, has simple testing steps and is convenient for operators to master.
(3) The method is not only suitable for the shear performance test of the freshly mixed asphalt mixture, but also can be used for researching the shear fatigue performance of the original asphalt mixture on the pavement by a drilling coring method.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a test principle diagram of a shear fatigue test of an asphalt mixture.
FIG. 2 is a relationship curve of shearing deformation of the asphalt mixture and the number of times of load action.
Among them are: 1-loading a pressure head; 2-inner steel columns; 3-an annular test piece of the asphalt mixture; 4-outer steel jacket; 5-repeat
And (5) periodic loading.
Detailed Description
The invention relates to a method for testing shear fatigue of an asphalt mixture, which specifically comprises the following steps:
preparation of asphalt mixture test piece
Shaping and preparing test piece
When the shear fatigue performance of the fresh asphalt mixture in a laboratory is tested, a large Marshall test piece with the diameter of 152.4mm and the height of 95.3 +/-2.5 mm is formed according to the design gradation and the oilstone ratio of the asphalt mixture and the relevant test method of road engineering asphalt and asphalt mixture test regulation (JTJ 052-2000), each test piece is compacted on two sides for 112 times, the number of each test piece group is not less than 4, and the test piece is reserved after being demoulded. When the shear fatigue performance of the asphalt mixture in the actual pavement is tested, a drilling and coring method is adopted, a test piece with the diameter of 150mm is directly drilled from the pavement structure, and a relatively complete test piece is selected for later use.
Cutting of test piece
When the co-axial shear test of the asphalt mixture is carried out by professor Guozhong of Tongji university, the height of a cylindrical test piece of the mixture is considered to be 50mm as a good matter. According to the shear fatigue test, the prepared Marshall test piece is sawn into a test piece with the thickness of about 50mm, the center of the test piece is taken as a circle, and a cylinder with the diameter of 50mm is drilled, so that a cylindrical asphalt mixture test piece with the outer diameter of 150mm, the inner diameter of 50mm, a middle cavity and the cross section of a ring shape is obtained.
2. Installation of coaxial shear test piece
Selecting high-strength glue or epoxy resin which does not deform under the environment of lower than 60 ℃, uniformly coating the high-strength glue or the epoxy resin on the outer surface of an inner steel column with the diameter of 50mm and the inner surface of an outer steel sleeve with the inner diameter of 150mm, putting an annular asphalt mixture test piece into an annular space formed by the inner steel column and the outer steel sleeve, and removing the redundant epoxy resin or the glue outside the cylinder after the glue or the resin is completely dried and the test piece is firmly bonded with a steel module.
3. Test of shear fatigue Properties of test pieces
Fatigue control mode
For a traditional asphalt mixture bending fatigue test, the test control mode mainly comprises two modes of stress control and strain control. The test time in the stress control mode is relatively short, and the complete breakage of the test piece is generally taken as a failure criterion; while the failure criterion is generally a decrease in the stiffness of the blend to 50% of the initial stiffness when using the strain control mode. In comparison, the reproducibility of the stress control mode is good, the experiment time is short, the test piece is broken after the experiment is finished, and the definition of fatigue failure is clear; the number of test pieces required by the controlled stress test is small, and the dispersion degree of fatigue data points is small. In addition, the invention is provided by combining the UTM material testing machine and the coaxial shear testing device, and if a strain mode is adopted, a servo control system is additionally arranged. Thus, the present invention employs a stress controlled shear fatigue mode.
It should be noted that the control mode of the present invention is to control the vertical load applied to the inner steel column by the loading link
(KN) as a control target, if necessary to obtain the shear stress to which the asphalt mixture is subjected
(MPa) can be calculated according to formula (1).
Wherein,for the shear strength coefficient of the mix, according to the study of professor Guo faith, of conventional bituminous mixes
The value decreases with increasing temperature, in the range of 20-60 DEG C0.14 to 0.12.
Load type-
The fatigue life of the material has a certain relation with the load waveform, generally, the sine waveform is considered to be closer to the load waveform born by the actual road surface, and the invention also adopts sine wave load to carry out fatigue test. A large number of calculations show that the fatigue loading frequency of 10Hz is equivalent to the vehicle running speed of 60-65 Km/h, and the calculated running speed of the special automobile road specified in the current road engineering technical standard of ChinaThe degree is in the range of 40 to 120Km/h, and therefore it is preferable to use 10Hz as the load application frequency. Of course, if the shear fatigue of the asphalt pavement in the intersection area of the main road of the city is taken as the research purpose, the vehicle speed can be actually investigated according to the local
(Km/h) frequency of load
(Hz) the method comprises the following steps:
testing process
And putting the firmly bonded test piece and the steel module into an environment box of the UTM material testing machine, and setting the temperature of the environment box as a target temperature. After heat preservation is carried out for 2-4 hours, the test piece is placed in an asphalt mixture shearing tester, and an outer steel sleeve is fixed on a clamp; and adjusting a loading connecting rod of the tester to just contact with the inner steel column on the top surface of the test piece. According to the research requirement, proper parameters such as load applying frequency, waveform, intermittent time, peak load and the like are set on the UTM testing machine, and a motor of the tester is started, so that the loading connecting rod acts on the inner steel column according to a certain load waveform, and the annular asphalt mixture is driven to do shearing motion. In the test process, the UTM loading connecting rod can control the load peak value and the waveform and can also collect the displacement of the movement of the connecting rod, so that a relation curve of the shearing flow deformation of the asphalt mixture and the loading time and period can be obtained.
4. Failure criterion of shear fatigue
As can be seen from the relation curve of the Shear deformation and the load action period of the SST (Superpaver Shear tester), the Shear fatigue curve is divided into three stages: a compression deformation phase, a shear flow stabilization deformation phase and a failure phase. According to the fatigue curve, the inflection point between the second stage and the third stage is generally set as a fatigue failure point, and the number of times of load application at this time is set as a shear fatigue life. In the graph depicted by 5000 cycles of action of the SST shear fatigue test given by AASHTO, most of the mixtures cannot show the rheological property of the third stage; according to the research on which chlorphenamine and Shore Razeg, after the load is repeatedly acted for 10000 times, part of the asphalt mixture still has no inflection point. Therefore, in order to ensure that a failure inflection point appears in the test process, the invention suggests that the shear strength of the asphalt mixture is firstly tested, then a larger stress level is selected for carrying out a shear fatigue test, and the frequency of load action at the inflection point of a fatigue curve is taken as the shear fatigue life; in the case where the inflection point is not present even when the load is applied 10000 times, the load stress level can be increased appropriately.
The technical solution of the present invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings by way of examples, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to the examples.
Example (b):a method for testing shear fatigue of asphalt mixture comprises the following steps:
(1) preparation of asphalt mixture test piece
Forming a group of 7 large Marshall test pieces in a laboratory according to the gradation and the oilstone ratio of the asphalt mixture to be evaluated, wherein the diameter of each test piece is 152.4mm, the height of each test piece is 95.3 +/-2.5 mm, and the porosity of each test piece is controlled according to the designed porosity. Sawing the prepared Marshall test piece into a cylindrical test piece with the thickness of about 50mm, drilling a hole in the center of the test piece, taking out a small cylinder with the diameter of 50mm to obtain the cylindrical test piece with the section of a circular ring, and keeping the cylindrical test piece for later use after the surface of the test piece is completely dried.
(2) Preparation before shear test
Adopt coaxial shear test device as the tired mould of shearing, specifically do: and respectively and uniformly smearing high-strength glue on the outer surface of the cylindrical steel column with the diameter of 50mm and the inner side surface of the outer steel sleeve with the diameter of 150 mm. And the steel column is inserted into the hollow part in the cylindrical test piece, and then the test piece is placed into the outer steel sleeve, so that the inner wall and the outer wall of the hollow test piece are respectively in close contact with the inner steel column and the outer steel sleeve. And after the glue is dried and the steel die and the asphalt mixture test piece are completely and firmly bonded, scraping the redundant glue exposed outside the cylindrical test piece by using a blade for later use.
(3) Shear fatigue test
When the shear fatigue performance of the asphalt mixture at 45 ℃ needs to be tested, the target temperature of a temperature box is set to be 45 ℃, the cylindrical test piece and the two steel modules tightly adhered with the cylindrical test piece are placed into the temperature box of the UTM testing machine together, and the cylindrical test piece and the two steel modules are placed on a tester after being kept warm for 2-4 hours. Then, 3 test pieces are selected, the shear test of the test pieces under one load is respectively carried out, the shear rate is 1mm/min, the peak load of each asphalt mixture test piece during shear failure is obtained, and when the dispersion coefficient of the three measured values is within 20%, the average value of the peak load is taken as the shear strength
Otherwise, increasing the number of the samples for testing until the requirements are met. Then, in order to
As peak fatigue load (
Is fatigue stress percentage, is a numerical value between 0 and 100), and setting test parameters such as load waveform, loading frequency, intermittent time and the like, and performing 10000 times of shearing fatigue tests on other 4 test pieces to obtain
The shear fatigue curve of the asphalt mixture under load, and the shear fatigue life is obtained. For the third failure step without fatigue curve when the load action period reaches 10000 timesThe situation of section can be increased appropriately
The value of (a).
(4) Fatigue test results and fatigue equation
And performing parallel tests on the same sample for four times, taking the average value of the four measured values as the test result of the shear fatigue life when the dispersion coefficient of the four measured values is within 20%, and otherwise, increasing the number of the samples for testing until the requirements are met. For the test results of fatigue life, test conditions including test temperature, load stress level, load waveform, intermittent time, etc. should be noted.
When the load stress level is obtained as
After the fatigue life of the asphalt mixture, 4 stress levels can be changed, the fatigue life under different stress levels is obtained, and the fatigue parameters are obtained according to the fitting of the formula (3)
And。
wherein,
the shear fatigue life of the asphalt mixture;
is the shear stress level;
fatigue test parameters;
the slope of the fatigue curve in logarithmic scale.
Claims (3)
1. A method for testing shear fatigue of asphalt mixture is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) the method comprises the following steps of (1) forming a large Marshall test piece of the asphalt mixture indoors, cutting the test piece into a cylindrical test piece with the height of 50mm, drilling a cylinder with the diameter of 50mm by taking the center of the cylindrical test piece as the center of a circle, and obtaining a hollow cylindrical test piece with an annular section;
2) coating high-strength glue or epoxy resin on the outer side of a cylindrical steel column with the diameter of 50mm and the inner side of a steel sleeve with the inner diameter of 150mm, and installing a hollow cylindrical test piece between the inner steel column and the outer steel sleeve to enable the hollow cylindrical test piece to be tightly and firmly bonded with the two steel modules;
3) after the glue or the resin is completely dried, putting the hollow cylindrical test piece and the steel module into an environment box with a target temperature, and preserving heat for 2-4 hours; and placing the hollow cylinder test piece in a UTM material testing machine, fixing the outer steel sleeve, applying a load with the speed of 1mm/min to the inner steel column, and obtaining the load when the asphalt mixture is subjected to shear failure；
4) To be provided with
Setting load waveform, loading frequency and intermittent time test parameters as fatigue peak load, fixing the outer steel sleeve, and performing 10000 times of shear fatigue tests on the inner steel column in a stress control mode to obtain
Obtaining the shear fatigue life of the asphalt mixture under load according to the shear fatigue curve; percentage of fatigue stress
Is a value between 0 and 100.
2. The method for testing the shear fatigue of the asphalt mixture according to claim 1, wherein the shear fatigue life of the step 4) is the number of times of load action corresponding to the inflection points of the shear stable deformation stage and the failure stage of the shear fatigue curve.
3. The method for testing shear fatigue of asphalt mixture according to claim 1, wherein said step 4) is carried out for the load as it isIn the case of 10000 times of the third failure stage without fatigue curve, the number is increasedTo obtain a complete fatigue curve and to obtain the shear fatigue life.
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| CN106404558A (en) * | 2016-08-30 | 2017-02-15 | 江苏中路工程技术研究院有限公司 | Annular shear fatigue test method for asphalt mixture |
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