CN102072450B - Continuous illumination method for long-distance pipe-jacking construction - Google Patents
Continuous illumination method for long-distance pipe-jacking construction Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a continuous illumination method for long-distance pipe-jacking construction, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: carrying out pipe-jacking propulsion construction: adopting the illumination mode of a common illumination system, i.e. connecting the illumination system with an external power along the line in a pipeline, and meanwhile, because the consistency of an electric power storage device and a construction operation step is designed and regulated in advance, keeping the electric power storage device of the illumination system in the charging state; changing top iron and cutting pipes: cutting off the external power, and meanwhile, taking the fully charged electric power storage device as the power, and illuminating by an LED illumination system.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the long-distance pipe-jacking construction means of illumination.
Background technology
Working environment illumination is for the operating efficiency that improves the workman, and is all significant so as to the safety that guarantees to produce and workman's health.And the underground engineering construction operating risk is large, working space is little, operating environment is abominable, and the particularity of its construction environment is so that the working environment lighting problem is particularly important.Therefore, creating safety, comfortable operation lighting environment, is one of Construction Technique of Underground Works basic problem that will solve.
In recent years, pipe-jacking technology was towards heavy caliber, large buried depth, over distance future development, but long-distance pipe jacking has the factor of many restriction jacking constructions because the one-time continuous advance distance is long.From present long-distance pipe-jacking construction illumination As-Is analysis, its restraining factors mainly contain following 3 points.
(1) long distance and voltage drop is particularly thorny, so-called " voltage drop ", when referring to current flowing, the potential difference that forms at the resistance two ends, when the electric current one of circuit regularly, voltage is directly proportional with resistance.The wire that adopts in the constructing tunnel illuminator is long, and resistance is large, and voltage drop is obvious.For solving voltage drop problem, in shield-tunneling construction, all be to adopt high voltage power transmission to solve the step-down problem.But jacking construction has its particularity, and its caliber is little, if adopt high voltage supply to lack safely guarantee, therefore must adopt low voltage power transmission.Consider safety factor, the common mains lighting supply that adopts of underground piping jacking construction is ordinary incandescent lamp at present, and the general safe voltage that adopts is 36V in the underground piping.The wire of long-distance pipe-jacking construction illuminator is very long, and voltage drop is larger, directly affects the lighting quality in the pipeline.
(2) the lighting apparatus closed condition affects construction safety.In the jacking construction operating process, after pipeline section pushes up the welding position, jack be retracted, transferred pipeline, the pipeline of newly transferring and the road butt welding of last pipe joint, finish and change top iron and this cover working procedure of lower tubing and need 6 hours approximately.In this course, must respectively hold breaker (switch) and isolating switch (disconnecting link) by open-circuit line, cut off exterior power supply, cause push pipe intraoral illumination device shutdown state.Pitch-dark narrow and small working space badly influences the safety of workmen in the pipeline, has also greatly slowed down construction speed.
(3) emergency lighting system is complicated.The emergency lighting that gives according to GB " standard for lighting design of buildings " GB50034-2004 is defined as: the illumination of enabling because of the power-fail of normal illumination is called emergency lighting; Emergency lighting comprises escape lighting, emergency lighting and standby lighting.Emergency lighting mainly refers to standby lighting in the work progress, and in long-distance pipe-jacking construction, standby lighting refers to be used to the illumination of guaranteeing that normal operation is normally carried out.At present, all by the AC network power supply, power outage also unavoidably appears in the AC network of optimal design for incandescent lamp commonly used, fluorescent lamp etc.In the jacking construction process, emergency lighting is directly connected to the interior personal safety of push pipe and the safe operation of visual plant, for guaranteeing continuous illumination in the push pipe, guarantee construction speed, usually the Emergency Lighting Supply that partly is comprised of rectifier, battery and inverter etc. must be installed.The cost of this continuous illumination system is very high, and because of through repeatedly conversion, power consumption is also larger.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of continuous illumination method for long-distance pipe-jacking construction, strengthen the security of construction, and the particularly thorny problem that solves long distance and voltage drop.
Continuous illumination method for long-distance pipe-jacking construction of the present invention, be characterized in, comprise: the jacking construction stage, adopt the general illumination system lighting system in this staged construction illumination, be illuminator along the line and external power supply connection in the pipeline, meanwhile, owing to designed the uniformity that regulates electrical storage device and constructing operation step in advance, the electrical storage device of illuminator keeps charged state; Change top iron and lower tubing stage, cut off exterior power supply, at this moment, adopt the electrical storage device that has been in fully charged state as power supply, adopt the LED illuminator to throw light on.
Described continuous illumination method for long-distance pipe-jacking construction, its further characteristics be, LED lamp arranging in pipeline highly is H+h, and wherein H is the human eye height,
D is pipe diameter.
Described continuous illumination method for long-distance pipe-jacking construction, be characterized in, working space is divided into three illumination stage, be entrance, changeover portion and basic segment, changeover portion is between entrance and basic segment, and entrance is provided by the illumination of operation foundation ditch, and changeover portion is the light and shade transition lighting, its length is determined that by the noctovision adaptation time basic segment is according to the principle setting that guarantees elemental operation illumination and uniformity of illuminance.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is as described below.
(1) when top iron and lower tubing are changed in the push pipe operation, owing to will cut off exterior power supply, and can cause in the pipe without the lighting apparatus initiate mode, slowed down construction speed, also have influence on the safety of workmen in the pipeline, adopt the high-effect illuminator of LED luminescent diode, can satisfy safely the illumination needs of long-distance pipe jacking, in the situation of cutting off exterior power supply, this illuminator can continue use and reach 6 hours by the electric energy storage device of self, the pipe that has caused when having avoided cutting off exterior power supply is interior without the lighting apparatus initiate mode, continual illumination and sufficient brightness of illumination can improve construction environment, improve the construction safety coefficient, guaranteed better workmen's safety.
(2) circuit that adopts of LED illuminating lamp is essential safe type, use voltage is low, safe and reliable, simultaneously because the LED long service life does not need to change continually light fixture, greatly reduce the problem of staff's illumination maintenance initiation security incident in the push pipe, LED belongs to cold light source, and its luminous temperature only has 60 ℃, especially when lamp shade glass was broken, the gas that can not ignite in special location was blasted.
(3) characteristic of LED illuminating lamp step-down constant-current source has solved the voltage drop problem in the long-distance pipe jacking illumination effectively, has guaranteed construction operation lighting quality in the long-distance pipe jacking, simultaneously, also becomes the key measure of Emergency Light in the work progress.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is that continuous illumination method for long-distance pipe-jacking construction is to the schematic diagram of the subsection setup of working environment.
Fig. 2 is that schematic diagram is divided in the dazzle zone.
Fig. 3 is lamp position schematic diagram in the push pipe cross section.
The specific embodiment
Working environment illumination is for the operating efficiency that improves the workman, and is all significant so as to the safety that guarantees to produce and workman's health.And the underground engineering construction operating risk is large, working space is little, operating environment is abominable, and the particularity of its construction environment is so that the working environment lighting problem is particularly important.Therefore, creating safety, comfortable operation lighting environment, is one of Construction Technique of Underground Works basic problem that will solve.
The inventor is in the long distance steel push pipe of the tight bridge branch line of the husky former Hydraulic Projects of water head site of green grass C9 mark engineering project, and its construction overall process all needs round-the-clock illumination in 24 hours.Solving a long-distance pipe jacking lighting engineering difficult problem and guaranteeing on the basis of safety and comfort of construction environment, this project under construction breaks through conventional tunnel construction light illumination mode, green light source LED is applied to the constructing tunnel illumination, and the continuous illumination overall plan of constructing in the push pipe of shining of employing comprises following two parts (on average spending 12 hours from lower top material to the overall process of finishing a trifle section of jurisdiction jacking):
(1) the jacking construction stage (about 6～8 hours), the general illumination system lighting system is adopted in the construction illumination in this stage push pipe, be illuminator along the line and external power supply connection in the pipeline, meanwhile, the electrical storage device of illuminator keeps charged state, because designed the uniformity that regulates electrical storage device and constructing operation step in advance, electrical storage device just reaches fully charged state in charging after 6～8 hours.
(2) change top iron and lower tubing stage (less than 6 hours), owing to will change the operation of top iron and lower tubing in the active well, thereby have to cut off exterior power supply, at this moment, adopt the electrical storage device be in fully charged state as power supply, the LED illuminator can satisfy and reaches 6 hours illumination.
More than the combination of two kinds of lighting systems, guaranteed that illumination in 24 hours is uninterrupted in the pipeline, and can reach very good illuminating effect, improved working security and whole work efficiency in the push pipe.Under this basis, the claimant also proposes the aftermentioned innovative content.
From volt-ampere curve and the mathematical model of LED, LED tiny change of its forward voltage behind forward conduction will cause the great changes of LED electric current, and the factors such as environment temperature, LED ageing time also will change the electric property that affects LED.And the output of LED light is directly relevant with the LED electric current, so led drive circuit preferably can be controlled the size of LED electric current in the situation of the factor changes such as input voltage and environment temperature.Otherwise the light output of LED will change with factors vary such as input voltage and temperature, and if the LED electric current is out of control, the LED long-term work will affect reliability and the life-span of LED under large electric current, and might lose efficacy.Therefore, the inventor adds power isolation module in led drive circuit, is used for control LED electric current, the variation that produces with factors such as input voltage and environment temperatures to overcome the LED electric current.
Top iron is changed in the push pipe operation to C9 mark steel pipe-jacking project and lower tubing need spend 6 hours carrying out, and can have a strong impact on workmen's operating efficiency in the pipe without the illumination state.The feature of LED illuminator maximum is to operate continually at switch flash state, and the inventor is installed preposition step-down constant-current source additional at LED illuminator front end when jacking construction just can reach very good illuminating effect.When construction needed to cut off exterior power supply, this illuminator can continue use by self electric energy storage device and reach 6 hours, keeps the pipeline intraoral illumination uninterrupted, thereby has guaranteed production security.
If the high object of brightness or strong brightness contrast are arranged in the visual field, then can cause the phenomenon that human eye is uncomfortable or visibility reduces, be called dazzle.This is to affect lighting quality with wanting factor, and non-comfort glare makes the people produce uncomfortable, offending sensation.Different parts on the human eye retina is being accepted the living sensation difference of same light stimulation property.The dazzle source enters the center of eyesight more near sight line, and the stimulation of generation is just larger, and dazzle is more serious.People are entering indoor or sight line not on working face the time, and eyes often are in the state of looking squarely.Suppose that take plumb line as 0 ° then eyes are the most acceptant from 90 ° of light that direction is sent on the light fixture, so generally the dazzle zone is done division as shown in Figure 2, the brightness of the serious glare area light fixture that this side up or light source must strict control.
The tight bridge branch line of the husky former Hydraulic Projects of water head site of green grass C9 mark engineering top tube diameter is 3.6m, according to " tunnel construction technology standard " lighting requirement 11.2, and the tunnel cross section direction, light fixture and power line are installed in the same side.As shown in Figure 3, suppose human eye height≤1.8m, then when θ＜20 °, human eye receives light and is positioned at serious glare area.Therefore, when h met the following conditions, the staff accepted light not in serious glare area in the push pipe:
Under the stimulation of the various brightness that change, spatial distribution, vision, vision system can correspondingly make adjustment to adapt to this change procedure, and this adjustment is called visual adaptation.Human eye is divided into two kinds of light adaptation and dark adaptations to the adaptation of environment light and shade.The visual adaptation of eyes when light adaptation refers to the people from dark surrounds to bright light environments; The visual adaptation of eyes when dark adaptation refers to the people from bright light environments to dark surrounds.The time of light adaptation is shorter, and the scotopic time is longer, specifically decides on the luminance difference of light and shade environment.When Lighting Design, must consider the adjustment that the people limits.
If light and shade sharply changes in the visual field, eyes can not very fast adaptation, will cause visual impairment.For satisfying the adaptability requirement of eyes, sometimes need make general light and shade and cross according to bright, to guarantee certain visual demand.Therefore, be assurance construction environment illuminator daylighting effect, and consider the illuminator economy principle that the optimal design of the arrangement pitches of push pipe inner light source is very necessary.
As shown in Figure 1, tunnel profile directional lighting conceptual design is with reference to " highway tunnel ventilation Lighting Design standard " illumination general provision, and working space divides 3 illumination stage: entrance, changeover portion and basic segment (such as Fig. 5-14), and concrete prioritization scheme is as follows:
(1) entrance: run lighting installation entrance computing formula with reference to the tunnel:
D
ThBe the entrance illumination length; According to D
sObtaining value method, get D when being applied to calculate
s=12m; H is head room in the hole; H=3.6m; Substitution numerical value is tried to achieve D
s≈ 8m.
According to the illuminance requirement, entrance brightness can be provided by the illumination of operation foundation ditch fully, therefore, in the push pipe entrance 8m scope light source is not set.
(2) changeover portion
With reference to tunnel operation lighting installation, changeover portion is by three illumination stage D
Th1, D
Th2, D
Th3Form, its illumination length is tabled look-up and can be got.For conveniently carrying out the electric industry operation, in the situation that satisfies the lighting parameter requirement, changeover portion is got 30m, and space between light sources is 10m, and 3 LED lamps namely are set in the 30m.
(3) basic segment
At this moment, the staff adapts to the illuminating ray in the tunnel substantially, and under the prerequisite that guarantees elemental operation illumination and uniformity of illuminance, space between light sources is 9m.
Calculate as stated above, the long-distance pipe jacking intraoral illumination of 1km need be prepared LED light fixture number and be:
LED generally all uses white light LEDs during as function lighting.Function lighting refers to that it has strict requirement for restriction dazzle, illumination uniformity, colour rendering, light source life etc. in order to consider that user's visual performance need to satisfy certain illumination, reach the illumination of the indoor and outdoor spaces of good visual effect.In view of present white light LEDs still can't compare favourably with conventional fluorescent on visual adaptability, light distribution property, therefore the nowadays application of white light LEDs in function lighting also is only limited to place less demanding in the underground automobile garage equiluminous but that need 24h to throw light on for a long time.
Good photoenvironment can make people's euphorosia, avoids eyes nervous, alleviates asthenopia, increases work efficiency.With reference to " Chinese general lighting LED national standard and industry standard ", when selecting the LED lighting apparatus, each technical parameter all satisfies lighting requirement.Simultaneously, the optimal design of the arrangement pitches of push pipe inner light source has guaranteed construction environment illuminator daylighting effect, and has taken into account the illuminator economy principle.Therefore, its advantage has been given full play in the application of white light LEDs in Tunnel Engineering, because the interior illumination requirement of construction tunnel is not high, has fully satisfied the requirement of lighting environment comfortableness simultaneously.
Claims (5)
1. continuous illumination method for long-distance pipe-jacking construction is characterized in that, comprising:
The jacking construction stage, continue 6～8 hours, adopt the general illumination system lighting system in this staged construction illumination, be illuminator along the line and external power supply connection in the pipeline, meanwhile, owing to designed the uniformity that regulates electrical storage device and constructing operation step in advance, the electrical storage device of illuminator keeps charged state, and electrical storage device reaches fully charged state in charging after 6～8 hours;
Change top iron and lower tubing stage, the duration was cut off exterior power supply less than 6 hours, at this moment, adopted the electrical storage device that has been in fully charged state as power supply, adopted the LED illuminator to throw light on.
2. continuous illumination method for long-distance pipe-jacking construction as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, installs preposition step-down constant-current source additional at LED illuminator front end.
3. continuous illumination method for long-distance pipe-jacking construction as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, the LED illuminator comprises the source isolation module, is used for control LED electric current, the variation that produces with factors such as input voltage and environment temperatures to overcome the LED electric current.
4. continuous illumination method for long-distance pipe-jacking construction as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, LED lamp arranging in pipeline highly is H+h, and wherein H is the human eye height,
D is pipe diameter.
5. continuous illumination method for long-distance pipe-jacking construction as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, working space is divided into three illumination stage, be entrance, changeover portion and basic segment, changeover portion is between entrance and basic segment, and entrance is provided by the illumination of operation foundation ditch, and changeover portion is the light and shade transition lighting, its length is determined that by the noctovision adaptation time basic segment is according to the principle setting that guarantees elemental operation illumination and uniformity of illuminance.
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Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101346025A (en) * | 2008-08-28 | 2009-01-14 | 重庆交通科研设计院 | Road tunnel illumination control method |
| CN101614361A (en) * | 2009-08-11 | 2009-12-30 | 招商局重庆交通科研设计院有限公司 | The tunnel lighting control method of natural daylight and artificial light combination |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101346025A (en) * | 2008-08-28 | 2009-01-14 | 重庆交通科研设计院 | Road tunnel illumination control method |
| CN101614361A (en) * | 2009-08-11 | 2009-12-30 | 招商局重庆交通科研设计院有限公司 | The tunnel lighting control method of natural daylight and artificial light combination |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
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| 交通部.《公路隧道施工技术规范》.《公路隧道施工技术规范》.1994,第38页11.2部分供电与照明. * |
| 李志强.LED灯在公路隧道照明中的节能应用.《中国交通信息产业》.2009,第108页. * |
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