CN102865509A - Medium-lighting-position multi-dimensional road lighting system - Google Patents
Medium-lighting-position multi-dimensional road lighting system Download PDFInfo
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- CN102865509A CN102865509A CN2012103342143A CN201210334214A CN102865509A CN 102865509 A CN102865509 A CN 102865509A CN 2012103342143 A CN2012103342143 A CN 2012103342143A CN 201210334214 A CN201210334214 A CN 201210334214A CN 102865509 A CN102865509 A CN 102865509A
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Abstract
The invention provides a medium-lighting-position multi-dimensional road lighting system consisting of illumination components in dimensions, wherein the illumination components comprise a low-lighting-position backlighting illumination component, a medium-lighting-position orthodromic illumination component, a medium-lighting-position transverse illumination component, a vertical illumination component and a display illumination component which respectively undertake the multiple tasks of roadway illumination, space lighting, illumination in complex weather conditions, indication/landscape lighting and real-time graphic and text display lighting. Each component is independent and can be adjusted independently in the lighting functions, photochromic ranges, directions of illumination, and illumination spaces. According to the medium-lighting-position multi-dimensional road lighting system disclosed by the invention, the drawback existed in the prior mainstream high-lighting-position road lighting system is overcome, and light sources and light fittings are enabled to perform own functions, so that the problems of glare, invalid lighting, poor longitudinal uniformity, and the like are effectively solved; the medium-lighting-position multi-dimensional road lighting system can adapt to the requirement of the intelligent transportation and the lighting efficiency is enhanced. The medium-lighting-position multi-dimensional road lighting system disclosed by the invention has independent application development on the basis of the characteristics of a low-power high-efficiency light source, fundamentally gets rid of the lighting system of the traditional project lamp, and steps out of the mode of simply replacing HPS (High Pressure Sodium) lamps by LED (High Pressure Sodium) lamps.
Description
Technical field
The present invention is that the invention of inventor's series---the 5th part of " multidimensional road lighting system " relates to a kind of new road lighting system, specifically a kind of middle lamp position multidimensional road lighting mode.
Background technology
One of characteristics of town road are incomplete sealings, and the mixed row of part people from highway section car, time block up.At present, the lighting system that town road generally adopts is high lamp position street lamp, and light source is HPS or MH, and about setting height(from bottom) 10m, about installing space 30m, about single lamp power 250W, this has consisted of present main flow lighting system.This lighting system technology maturation, but because the lamp position is high, single lamp power is large, has following problem:
1, glare problem
The road Lighting Design code requirement adopts and cuts light, half light chopping street lamp reduces dazzle.This measure can limit dazzle but can't eliminate dazzle.The reason that produces dazzle is: take light chopping light fixture (comprising HPS, MH lamp and LED lamp) as example, the main illuminated portion of its light path does not project in the automobile driver eye, and in this sense, the light chopping light fixture has been avoided direct glare substantially.But, always there is a light-emitting area that brightness is very high in this type light fixture, owing to having height difference H between this light-emitting area and the driver, then always there is visual angle α so that the driver can look at this light-emitting area straight, feel dazzle (seeing accompanying drawing 1) from the street lamp light-emitting area of front upper place.This dazzle is not traditional direct glare, but still belongs to disability glare.
The adequate condition that this dazzle exists is: α＞0.
Change α greater than 0, two kinds of measures are arranged.The first is the light fixture slant setting, and the light-emitting area that makes light fixture and driver are 0 to the sight line of front upper place parallel (seeing accompanying drawing 2) thereby make the α angle.But the size at motor vehicle α angle when motion is changing the dazzle of the vehicle of diverse location therefore this method can't be eliminated this driving direction constantly; Simultaneously, " light-emitting area " of this inclination can shine the opposite direction of traffic, strengthened on the contrary the dazzle of opposite direction of traffic, and be therefore inadvisable.
Another kind of measure is to reduce the street lamp height, and when street lamp height and driver's eye are high when identical, making the α angle is 0.But this can bring the series of problems such as luminous intensity distribution, and it obviously is infeasible particularly HPS, the MH street lamp height of existing 250W-400W being down to driver's eye height.
Therefore, all there is to come the disability glare of bicycle directional front upper place in the road of employing main flow lighting system.
In addition, the high lamp position street lamp under the main flow lighting system is not all deposited for the light pollution that closes on dwelling house inevitably yet.
2, invalid lighting problem
For improving uniformity of illuminance, high lamp position lighting system as far as possible evenly illuminates the following space of light source, forms light curtain district as shown in Figure 3.
For the through street of sealing, automobile driver only need be observed road surface and road the place ahead situation and not need to observe simultaneously the inside and outside target conditions of road.Therefore, road lighting does not need the top, road surface near the high light curtain space of 10m, its light curtain space can be reduced to half in addition lower, the driver identifies pavement of road and the place ahead barrier and mainly relies on illumination in this light curtain space, we are called efficient light curtain zone with the light curtain space in this height, only have the illumination in the efficient light curtain district just meaningful.Obviously, there is the invalid light curtain district of vast scale in existing high lamp position lighting system.
Simultaneously, according to cosine law, can prove, even in efficient light curtain zone, also there is the invalid luminance component of vast scale in existing high lamp position lighting system.
In fact, only having the effective lighting component in the efficient light curtain zone is effective lighting.Invalid illumination comprises the illumination in invalid light curtain district and the invalid luminance component in the efficient light curtain zone.
On the other hand, according to inverse square law, the illumination Vertical Distribution Law of existing high lamp position illumination is upper bright lower dark.This is so that be in the illumination that the illumination in the invalid light curtain district on top can be higher than the efficient light curtain district that is positioned at the bottom.This obviously and the needed dark lower bright illumination primary demand of driver's observation run counter to.
Therefore, all there is the invalid illumination of vast scale in high lamp position lighting system and runs counter to the problem of illumination primary demand.
3, the low problem of visibility
About the installing space 30m of high lamp position street lamp, the vertical illumination of this direction so that motor vehicle is advanced is difficult to evenly (" zebra stripes " on this non-horizontal illumination meaning).Have research to point out, the vertical illumination of subregion very a little less than, even close to zero.
We know, there are the almostlinear positive correlation in the place ahead object surface brightness and vertical illumination, and brightness and the place ahead target visibility the mesopic vision scope also segmentation present positive correlation, see accompanying drawing 4.
As can be seen from Figure 4, drop to 0.1 to 0.5cd/m when mean flow rate
2The time, visibility will be down to below 20%.
This shows under the street lighting mode of high lamp position, has the low especially zone of visibility.
The inhomogeneous direction of traffic front space brightness irregularities (flickering) that also will cause of vertical illumination also can reduce the visibility RP value of the place ahead target, as shown in Figure 5.Vertical illumination inhomogeneous will cause part dark space visibility lower on the one hand, also cause the reduction of whole visibility simultaneously.
4, trees occlusion issue
At present, the high lamp position lighting system that town road generally adopts, cloth lamp form mostly is enclosing type, the unity of possession on this enclosing type street lamp and the shade tree space.Repair the roads the initial stage, shade tree is less, and is far below street lamp, several without impact on street lighting; After several years, shade tree grows up, and branches and leaves surround street lamp, and the projection light part even the major part that cause street lamp to arrive the road surface are blocked by trees, and street lamp performs practically no function.Present solution has only and chops at a tree or pruning trees ceaselessly, chop at a tree no doubt inadvisable, pruning also is difficult in time and blocks the traffic, and in the face of the waste of a large amount of manpowers and the energy, the contradiction of shade tree and street lamp is expected fundamentally to solve by technological means always by relevant department.
Above-mentioned the analysis showed that, existing main flow road lighting system (high lamp position lighting system) are the basic reasons that has these 4 problems, and this mode can not solve dazzle, invalid illumination, visibility is low and the trees occlusion issue.
High lamp position lighting system is along with the application of high voltage gas discharge (comprising HPS, MH) light source is born, and exposed obvious drawback; Along with the invention of the new type light sources such as LED also will inevitably produce new more advanced lighting system.
The appearance of led light source provides opportunity for addressing the above problem really.
LED has that brightness is high, volume is little, colour rendering high and low pressure safety and can disperse the characteristics such as installations, and this is for providing suitable light source from 4 problems of another approach solution.
But, at present LED application mainly is simply to replace with LED and conventional light source with research and development, nearly all LED producer completely continues to use the mentality of designing of conventional road lamp, pursue tens watts, the high-power LED street lamp of upper hectowatt in the hope of with present HPS, the moulding of MH lamp, mounting means is identical or compatible, cause current LED street lamp and mounting means almost all to carry out Design and manufacture take " snakehead (dull and stereotyped snakehead) lamp " that be applicable to HPS, MH light source as standard, but not research and develop take LED self luminescence law as starting point.
We know, low power led light source is installed suitable the dispersion, also not have the heat dissipation problem of giving prominence to.But the middle and high lamp of the collection of high-power LED street lamp position illumination has then brought the problem bad, that durability is bad and inconvenient maintenance etc. originally should not occur of dispelling the heat, cause thus a series of function and quality problems, caused on the contrary the LED street lamp to be under suspicion in illuminating engineering circle.
In fact, be not the change of lighting system with led light source replacement HPS, MH light source, also can not solve above-mentioned 4 problems that high lamp position lighting system exists.
Not only do not solve the problem that traditional HPS, MH street lamp exist with the LED street lighting of the upper hectowatt that simply replaces with feature, high lamp position, the new problems such as heat radiation have been increased on the contrary, this shows that present LED street lighting need to walk out the simple pattern that substitutes, and carries out embodying the LED own characteristic, performance LED advantage is researching and developing from principal mode of purpose.
In the recent period, hanging down lamp position street lighting mode begins to occur.In the street lighting of low lamp position, light fixture is directly installed on road guard, the isolation strip, to the road surface light projector, to satisfy the lighting demand of road surface necessity.
Announced a kind of two-way low-position LED road lamp among the patent CN201110175282.5, this lamp adopts LED as light source, in fact is common guard rail lamp, and main difference is common guard rail lamp unilateral illumination, and this lamp can be to two-side lighting.Putting into practice proves, and guard rail lamp can not satisfy the illumination index of town road requirement.
Patent (ZL200720095548.4) CN201014304Y then discloses a kind of low-mounting height street lamp, adopts the MH lamp as light source, and installing space is 8m to 11m, and setting height(from bottom) is in 1.2m.Should low lamp position illumination section overcome the larger invalid light curtain district problem that high lamp position lighting system exists; As adopt led light source, can partly solve the heat dissipation problem of high-power LED light source etc.But still there is following problem:
1, illumination efficiency is low
Should low lamp position lighting system, although overcome to a certain extent the problem that there is larger invalid lighting space in the illumination of high lamp position, because the pitch smaller between the light source, consequently the transverse illumination component strengthens, and is reverse, the orthodromic illumination component is very little.The analysis showed that, the transverse illumination component is mainly effective for raising visibility level of object on road surface under the improper weather condition, transverse illumination is very little for the desired brightness contrast contribution that the basic brightness in road surface is provided, forms between objects in front surface brightness and raising objects in front and the road surface background of driver's observation road ahead and barrier under the normal weather condition, is not the effective means of road lighting.
In fact, the disclosed lighting system of CN201014304Y is in the leading indicator of lighting energy saving---have a clear superiority in unlike existing high lamp position lighting system on the power density.
2, the visibility level is low
Should hang down lamp position lighting system, reverse, luminance component adopts same light source and light fixture in the same way, colourity is identical, the irradiation space is not independent, between road surface background and objects in front, can't form higher brightness contrast and color contrast, and the luminance uniformity on road surface is lower, causes the visibility level of objects in front lower.
3, this low lamp position lighting system, all illumination concentrates on below the 1.5m height of road surface, can not observe the necessary space of barrier, the place ahead illumination for the driver provides, and is not suitable for town road fully.
4, this low lamp position lighting system can not really be eliminated dazzle, in driver's FOV, still can feel to come from front side light fixture " light-emitting area " dazzle (because of setting height(from bottom) at 1.2m).
5, there is " stroboscopic " problem in this low lamp position lighting system, easily causes Driver Vision tired.
In sum, above-mentioned high lamp position illumination with hang down two kinds of lighting systems of lamp position illumination, remain in itself the multitask that a lamp has been born the town road illumination simultaneously, they spatially, upper mutually restriction of time, can not all reach the best; Logically, only have above-mentioned Task-decomposing, by independently small-power, high-effect light source, light fixture and Lighting Control Assembly are finished separately, respectively control, independent operating just may satisfy the multiple demand that town road throws light on, and improves illumination efficiency and visibility level.
Summary of the invention
The present invention combines 11 of the multiple demands of town road illumination, 8 of specific questions.On this basis, the inventor proposes following Related Measures, sees the following form.
Lighting demand:
Specific question:
The present invention proposes a kind of new road lighting system---a kind of middle lamp position multidimensional road lighting mode.This lighting system is made of the luminance component of a plurality of dimensions, comprises one dimension reverse illumination component, one dimension in the same way luminance component, one dimension transverse illumination component, the vertical luminance component of one dimension and one dimension display lighting component, and each component all has light source and the light fixture of oneself; The light source of each luminance component and light fixture, all independent operating; Install at road center and both sides, height 1.2m to 4.0m, light fixture can arrange separately or be integrated.
The luminance component of described a plurality of dimensions on illumination functions, photochromic scope, direction of illumination, irradiation space separately independent, can adjust separately; On control mode, but each luminance component isolated operation or combined running; On operational mode, can adopt normal mode or energy saver mode; With different control modes and operational mode optimum organization, can give play to higher comprehensive effectiveness;
The basic principle of described low lamp position reverse illumination foundation is: the road surface is the main background of driver's observation the place ahead barrier, and it is the basic demand of tunnel illumination that necessary road surface brightness is provided, and reducing dazzle and improving luminance uniformity is the vital task of tunnel illumination.When street lamp is positioned at the road both sides, with with the direction of illumination of garage opposite direction towards road surface, motor vehicle the place ahead light projector, and regular reflection, if disregard energy loss in the light air transmission, then light source is (seeing accompanying drawing 6) in the luminance component of driver's eye boresight direction:
E
r: the reflection illumination vector of light source on the road surface;
E
e: road reflection illumination is at the component of driver's eye boresight direction;
α: the incidence angle of light source, i.e. angle between road surface normal and the light source light projector direction;
θ: the angle on light source light projector plane, direction place and plane, pilot's line of vision direction place.
When α → 87 °, E
e→ E
rCos θ, when namely the light source height reduces, road reflection will increase at the light radiation of observing on the sight line; In road lighting, the α angle of the high-order light source of installing is much smaller than the α angle of the light source of low level installation, therefore the road surface reflecting brightness also throws light on much smaller than low lamp position at the component of driver's eye boresight direction when throw light in high lamp position.
When θ → 90 °, light source irradiation direction vertical with the track (transverse illumination), at this moment, E
e→ 0, illumination efficiency is extremely low.
Light source truly is reflected into irregular reflection on the road surface, irregular reflection is regular reflection and irreflexive stack, defers to Lambert law.
Above-mentioned the analysis showed that, be parallel to road surface (low lamp position) when light source approaches with light projector angle, when direction of illumination shines road surface, the place ahead with garage's opposite direction (reverse illumination), can obtain higher road reflection brightness, higher luminance uniformity on the pilot's line of vision direction and can control dazzle at smaller value; Among the present invention, the function of reverse illumination component provides necessary road surface brightness, higher luminance uniformity and control dazzle at smaller value; The light source that is used for reverse illumination, colour temperature is not higher than 4000K, highly be lower than the automobile driver eye-level display, direction of illumination and track, place garage opposite direction, 180 ° to 270 ° of horizontal directions (seeing accompanying drawing 7, take center line cloth lamp as example), 180 ° to 220 ° of vertical direction (seeing accompanying drawing 8), the irradiation space is side space and road surface under the lamp high position, without elevation angle scattering; Operational mode is normal mode (Chang Quankai in normal lighting time) or energy saver mode (light modulation on the normal mode basis).
Basic principle is thrown light in the same way for (seeing accompanying drawing 9) in described low lamp position:
E
e＝E
r·cosα·cosβ
E
r: light source is at the reflection illumination vector on barrier surface;
E
e: the reflection illumination on barrier surface is at the component of driver's eye boresight direction;
α: the incidence angle of light source, i.e. angle between road surface and the light source light projector direction;
β: the angle between reflection illumination vector and the driver's eye optical axis.
When α → 0 ° and during β → 0 °, E
e→ E
r, namely observe the light radiation E on the sight line
eTo obtain maximum; Above-mentioned the analysis showed that when light source approaches when being parallel to road surface (low lamp position) pre-irradiation side space with direction of illumination identical with the garage direction (in the same way illumination), light projector angle, can obtain higher barrier reflecting brightness on the pilot's line of vision direction; Among the present invention, the function of luminance component is with the light source than high-color rendering in the same way, the space illumination in road the place ahead is provided for automobile driver, when jointly using with low lamp position reverse illumination component, by strengthening the luminance difference between road surface background and the place ahead barrier, the visibility level that colour difference improves barrier; Be used for the in the same way light source of illumination, colour temperature is higher than the reverse illumination component, colour rendering index is greater than 70, height is near the automobile driver eye-level display, and direction of illumination is identical with garage's direction in track, place, and horizontal direction-90 ° (is seen accompanying drawing 10 to 0 °, take center line cloth lamp as example), 0 ° to 40 ° of vertical direction (seeing accompanying drawing 11), the irradiation space be lamp high position superjacent air space, with the reverse illumination component without common factor; Operational mode is normal mode (in normal lighting time at times standard-sized sheet) or energy saver mode (light modulation on the normal mode basis).
The basic principle of described transverse illumination foundation is: descend in weather conditions such as rain, mist, haze, cigarettes, the reason of the remarkable step-down of efficient of motor vehicle far-reaching lamp is to have assembled the aerosol micel of a large amount of suspension in the air in motor vehicle the place ahead.This causes on the one hand the incident light of part directive motor vehicle objects in front also not arrive object just being absorbed and scattering by the water clusters on the light path, its scattered portion forms white veil, namely " white (mist) wall effect " causes the driver not see the barrier in road the place ahead; Be that the incident light light after reflection that arrives the motor vehicle objects in front is absorbed and scattering by being suspended in airborne aerosol micel on the other hand, weakened catoptrical brightness and contrast, cause the visibility of motor vehicle the place ahead barrier greatly to reduce.Studies show that, when the angle between incident light and the pilot's line of vision when vertical, can effectively overcome " white (mist) wall " phenomenon, be the effective ways that solve the greasy weather road lighting; Among the present invention, the function of transverse illumination component provides direction of illumination and is bordering on vertical space illumination with driver's direction of visual lines, improves the visibility level of complicated weather condition inferoanterior barrier; The light source and the light fixture that are used for transverse illumination, tool is than the spectrum of high penetrating power, garage's perpendicular direction in its direction of illumination and track, place, 180 ° to 0 ° of horizontal directions, (seeing accompanying drawing 12, take center line cloth lamp as example), parallel with the road surface, the irradiation space is upper and lower space, lamp high position and road surface, with reverse illumination, luminance component has common factor in the same way; Operational mode is normal mode (not opening under the normal weather, only standard-sized sheet when rain, mist, cigarette, haze weather) or energy saver mode (light modulation on the normal mode basis).
The basic principle of described vertical illumination is: the vertical light that penetration power is strong can form local terrestrial reference and indicating position in the irradiation place; Among the present invention, the function of vertical luminance component has two: 1 provides guidance lighting, when needing rescue when having an accident, and the clear and definite accident that indicates orientation aloft; 2 provide landscape function, consist of the landscape light in city element, mould atmosphere and can not affect traffic safety in red-letter day; The light source and the light fixture that are used for vertical illumination, its direction of illumination is vertical with the road surface, 87 ° to 93 ° of vertical direction (seeing accompanying drawing 13), and the irradiation space is the road top, with other luminance component without common factor, light source is photochromic to be monochromatic or a plurality of photochromic alternate chronologically conversion; Operational mode is not for opening at ordinary times, and only manual in the needs situation or remote control is opened.
The basic principle of described display lighting is: intelligent transportation needs in time to provide Traffic Information to the driver, and issuing traffic commander department is to driver's instruction; Among the present invention, the function of display lighting component is to show in real time graph text information, and guided vehicle travels in order; The light source and the light fixture that are used for display lighting are LED/OLED screen or dot matrix, and direction of illumination is tiltedly to track, place direction of traffic; Adopt remote control mode startup, controlling run by point duty department.
Described middle lamp position multidimensional road lighting mode, for than the narrow road section, adopt " the single cloth lamp of center line of road " (seeing accompanying drawing 14), for wider road, adopt " center line of road cloth lamp+avris cloth lamp " pattern of lighting (seeing accompanying drawing 15), the road of divider wall is set for center line, and the cloth lamp (is seen accompanying drawing 16) on wall; For non-horizontal highway section, because visual range shortens, the more horizontal highway section of power density power density strengthens; For the non-rectilinear highway section, because visual range shortens, power density strengthens than straight line highway section power density; For special road section, such as confluence, zebra stripes etc., power density strengthens and reinforcement road level illumination; For the mixed walking along the street section of people's car, power density strengthens and the reinforcement vertical illumination.
Described middle lamp position multidimensional road lighting mode, its key technology is to limit dazzle; Restriction is used for the light source of reverse illumination for the measure of the dazzle of this driving direction formation, is to arrange on the light fixture to cut light shadow shield and reasonable luminous intensity distribution on the level; Limiting in the same way, lighting source is that vertical tabula rasa and the reasonable luminous intensity distribution of cutting is set on the light fixture for the measure of the dazzle of opposite direction of traffic formation; Limiting lighting source in the same way, transverse illumination light source to the measure of the light pollution of contiguous dwelling house, is that section tabula rasa and a reasonable luminous intensity distribution are set on the light fixture.
Described middle lamp position multidimensional road lighting mode has opening, the luminance component formation base illumination of above-mentioned a plurality of dimensions, and the measure of further improving illumination functions is to add more multidimensional luminance component.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is: traditional road lighting mode is decomposed into the multidimensional illumination, consists of low lamp position reverse illumination component, middle lamp position in the same way luminance component, middle lamp position transverse illumination component, vertical luminance component and display lighting component.Bear respectively road lighting, space illumination, the illumination of complicated weather, indication/Landscape Lighting and real-time 6 tasks of picture and text display lighting.According to task character, special-purpose light source and light fixture are set, to improve driver's identification power as target, take power density (being significantly less than the power density of existing HID lamp and the high lamp of LED lamp position lighting system) and without the street lighting dazzle as two constraintss, in each task, Each performs its own functions for different purposes light sources and light fixture, independent control, make its realizes maximal efficiency, thereby make general lighting reach polyoptimal.
The mechanism of eliminating dazzle based on middle lamp position multidimensional road lighting mode is, the position illumination of the high lamp of tradition is only made an issue of in Design of Luminaires, it is to adopt aggregate measures that multidimensional illumination system in middle lamp position is eliminated the dazzle key, Sun-shading type is set cuts tabula rasa, shelters to the driver and to closing on the dazzle of dwelling house.
The present invention has following comparative advantages:
1, compares with high lamp position lighting system
1) energy-conservation
There is larger invalid lighting space in high lamp position lighting system, in the space of effective lighting, also has larger invalid luminance component, thereby cause the illumination efficiency of high lamp position lighting system low, its essence is that the irradiation space is excessive, shines nonessential zone, and direction of illumination is also unreasonable; In the middle lamp position multidimensional lighting system that the present invention proposes, the approach one that improves illumination efficiency is greatly to have dwindled the field of illumination, and makes Illumination Distribution reasonable; For road lighting, the efficient of the reverse radiation modality in low lamp position is far above existing main flow lighting system, for the illumination of the place ahead barrier, low lamp position in the same way the efficient of radiation modality far above existing main flow lighting system.Above-mentioned dual mode combination, Each performs its own functions for light source and light fixture, and power density will greatly reduce than existing high lamp position lighting system.
2) reduce dazzle
Under the lighting system of high lamp position, reverse light projector component can cause the direct glare of garage front upper place on this driving direction, and the light projector component then causes the direct glare of garage front upper place on the direction of traffic of opposite in the same way.Its basic reason is that light source is positioned on driver's eye-level display and downward light projector, thereby directly is exposed in the ken of driver the place ahead.In the middle lamp position multidimensional lighting system that the present invention proposes, the light source of reverse illumination is positioned under driver's eye-level display, and downward light projector also takes to cut a light measure; The light source of illumination is positioned on driver's eye-level display in the same way, light projector and take vertically to cut the light measure forward, and lighting source, transverse illumination light source are that a section tabula rasa is set on the light fixture to the measure of the light pollution of contiguous dwelling house in the same way in the lamp position in the restriction.Above-mentioned section light measure can avoid light source directly to expose, and significantly reduces glare index than existing high lamp position lighting system.
3) improve visibility
Because middle lamp position multidimensional lighting system has been separated reverse illumination component, in the same way irradiation space and the separately light modulation of luminance component, can form stronger road surface background and the brightness contrast between the objects in front; In addition, by for the reverse illumination component, in the same way luminance component colourity separately control strengthen color contrast; Above-mentioned two kinds of measures all will improve than existing high lamp position lighting system the visibility level of objects in front.
4) the present invention compares with the high lamp of tradition position and need not high lamp stand, assembled in situ is simple, is convenient to simultaneously regular maintenance, needn't seal in order to change light fixture the track, no matter from investment once or weigh from operating cost, all the road lighting system than present main flow greatly reduces.
2, compare with existing low lamp position lighting system
The present invention with compare in the invention of the disclosed low-mounting height street lamp of CN201014304Y, at first, fully different with the several essential characteristics of the method for operation at lighting theory, major function, direction of illumination, irradiation space.The function of reverse illumination component provides the road lighting of road ahead among the present invention, is used for light source and the light fixture of reverse illumination, garage's opposite direction in its direction of illumination and track, place, and the irradiation space is side space and road surface under the lamp high position; The function of luminance component is the space illumination that road the place ahead is provided for automobile driver in the same way, is used for light source and the light fixture of in the same way illumination, and its direction of illumination is identical with garage's direction in track, place, and the irradiation space is lamp high position superjacent air space.
Be not difficult to find out, in the lighting system of the disclosed low-mounting height street lamp of CN201014304Y invention only with one dimension component of the present invention---the transverse illumination component is close, and the transverse illumination component among the present invention does not participate in road lighting under the normal weather condition and only as auxiliary luminance component, function is the visibility level that improves under the complicated weather condition.On the method for operation, transverse illumination is not turned on light under normal weather, only opens when rain, mist, cigarette, haze weather; Because it is reverse without elevation angle scattering bearing the radiation modality of the reverse illumination component of road lighting under the normal weather condition among the present invention, so that the road surface brightness of pilot's line of vision direction improves greatly, dazzle reduces greatly, and longitudinal uniformity also is significantly increased.And luminance component is when jointly using with reverse illumination in the same way, and direction of illumination, irradiation space and reverse illumination component therefore can be by strengthening and the brightness contrast of road surface background and the visibility level that color contrast improves objects in front without common factor; This can't accomplish in the disclosed low-mounting height street lamp invention of CN201014304Y.
In sum, what the present invention was based on that small-power high light effect source own characteristic carries out uses research and development from principal mode, overcome the drawback that traditional high lamp position lighting system and existing low lamp position lighting system exist, when solving the problems such as dazzle, invalid illumination and longitudinal uniformity be poor, significantly improving illumination efficiency, decrease energy consumption, have good road surface brightness, longitudinal uniformity and inductivity, and do not have " stroboscopic " problem.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is that existing high lamp position lighting system exists the dazzle schematic diagram;
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram that can't eliminate dazzle;
Fig. 3 is high lamp position illumination light curtain schematic diagram;
Fig. 4 is the relation of road surface mean flow rate and visibility RP;
Fig. 5 be brightness evenly with the relation of visibility RP;
Fig. 6 is reverse illumination principle schematic of the present invention;
Fig. 7 is the horizontal schematic diagram of reverse illumination of the present invention;
Fig. 8 is the vertical schematic diagram of reverse illumination of the present invention;
Fig. 9 is in the same way lighting theory schematic diagram of the present invention;
Figure 10 is in the same way illumination level schematic diagram of the present invention;
Figure 11 is the present invention's vertical schematic diagram that throws light in the same way;
Figure 12 is the horizontal schematic diagram of transverse illumination of the present invention;
Figure 13 is the vertical schematic diagram of the vertical illumination of the present invention;
Figure 14 is the single cloth lamp of center line of road of the present invention schematic diagram;
Figure 15 is center line of road cloth lamp of the present invention+avris cloth lamp schematic diagram;
Figure 16 is the center line of road of the present invention cloth lamp schematic diagram of sitting on the fence.
The specific embodiment
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with embodiment, it should be understood that embodiment only is used for the purpose of illustration, never limits protection scope of the present invention.
It is as follows that lamp position multidimensional lighting system is carried out the road lighting process of optimization in the application:
1, on one section town road, determine the power density higher limit of the type road according to design specification, by middle lamp position multidimensional lighting system cloth lamp, by experience choose that lamp is high, lamp is apart from light source, light fixture parameters such as, single lamp power and distribution curve fluxs;
2, calculate the lighting parameters such as road surface brightness, the uniformity, space illumination, the uniformity, glare index, visibility index according to above-mentioned parameter;
3, the parameter with above-mentioned lighting parameter and design specification compares.If satisfy, then enter 4 comprehensively; Do not satisfy, adjust that lamp is high, lamp is apart from light source, light fixture parameters such as, single lamp power and distribution curve fluxs, returns 2;
4, obtain and the corresponding light source of the lighting parameter that satisfies standard, light fixture parameter, as the basis of next step electrical design;
5, electrical design: comprise power supply and control; Each luminance component both can adopt normal mode or energy saver mode independent operating on the method for operation, also different mode can be carried out combined running;
6, install the anti-dazzle grid additional at the intermediate isolating band, install center line or both sides sideline on and debugging by metallic support light source and light fixture.
The above only is illustrative for the purpose of the present invention, and nonrestrictive.Those skilled in the art is understood, and can carry out many changes, modification to it in the spirit and scope that claim of the present invention limits, even equivalence, but all will be in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. multidimensional road lighting mode in lamp position in a kind, it is characterized in that: this lighting system is made of the luminance component of a plurality of dimensions, comprise one dimension reverse illumination component, one dimension in the same way luminance component, one dimension transverse illumination component, the vertical luminance component of one dimension and one dimension display lighting component, each component all has light source and the light fixture of oneself; The light source of each luminance component and light fixture, all independent operating; Setting height(from bottom) 1.2m to 4.0m, light fixture can arrange separately or be integrated.
2. a kind of middle lamp position multidimensional road lighting mode according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the luminance component of described a plurality of dimensions on illumination functions, photochromic scope, direction of illumination, irradiation space separately independent, can adjust separately; On control mode, but each luminance component isolated operation or combined running; On operational mode, can adopt normal mode or energy saver mode; With different control modes and operational mode optimum organization, can give play to higher comprehensive effectiveness.
3. a kind of middle lamp position multidimensional road lighting mode according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the basic principle of described reverse illumination is: the road surface is the main background of driver's observation the place ahead barrier, it is the basic demand of road lighting that necessary road surface brightness is provided, and reducing dazzle and improving luminance uniformity is the vital task of road lighting; The inventor studies show that: be parallel to road surface (low lamp position) when light source approaches with light projector angle, when direction of illumination shines road surface, the place ahead with garage's opposite direction (reverse illumination), can obtain higher road reflection brightness, higher luminance uniformity on the pilot's line of vision direction and can control dazzle at smaller value; Among the present invention, the function of reverse illumination component provides necessary road surface brightness, higher luminance uniformity and control dazzle at smaller value; The light source that is used for reverse illumination, colour temperature is not higher than 4000K, highly be lower than the automobile driver eye-level display, direction of illumination and track, place garage opposite direction (180 ° to 270 ° of horizontal directions, 180 ° to 220 ° of vertical direction), the irradiation space is side space and road surface under the lamp high position, without elevation angle scattering; Operational mode is normal mode (Chang Quankai in normal lighting time) or energy saver mode (light modulation on the normal mode basis).
4. a kind of middle lamp position multidimensional road lighting mode according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the described in the same way basic principle of illumination is: improve the visibility level that brightness contrast, color contrast and color rendering properties of light source between road surface background and the place ahead barrier is conducive to improve barrier; The inventor studies show that: when light source with direction of illumination identical with the garage direction (in the same way illumination), when light projector angle approaches and is parallel to road surface pre-irradiation side space, can obtain higher barrier reflecting brightness on the pilot's line of vision direction; Among the present invention, the function of luminance component is with the light source than high-color rendering in the same way, the space illumination in road the place ahead is provided for automobile driver, when jointly using with low lamp position reverse illumination component, by strengthening the brightness contrast between road surface background and the place ahead barrier, the visibility level that color contrast improves barrier; Be used for the in the same way light source of illumination, height is more than the automobile driver eye-level display, colour temperature is higher than the reverse illumination component, colour rendering index is greater than 70, garage's direction in direction of illumination and track, place is identical, and (horizontal direction-90 is ° to 0 °, 0 ° to 40 ° of vertical direction), the irradiation space be lamp high position superjacent air space, with the reverse illumination component without common factor; Operational mode is normal mode (in normal lighting time at times standard-sized sheet) or energy saver mode (light modulation on the normal mode basis).
5. a kind of middle lamp position multidimensional road lighting mode according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the basic principle of described transverse illumination is: descend in weather conditions such as rain, mist, haze, cigarettes, the incident light of light source directive motor vehicle front space can form " white (mist) wall " phenomenon, simultaneously, the part reverberation is absorbed and scattering by being suspended in airborne aerosol micel, causes the visibility of motor vehicle the place ahead barrier to reduce; When the angle between incident light and the pilot's line of vision when vertical, can effectively overcome " white (mist) wall " phenomenon, be the effective ways that solve the greasy weather road lighting; Among the present invention, the function of transverse illumination component provides direction of illumination and is bordering on vertical space illumination with driver's direction of visual lines, improves the visibility level of complicated weather condition inferoanterior barrier; The light source and the light fixture that are used for transverse illumination, tool be than the spectrum of high penetrating power, garage's perpendicular direction in its direction of illumination and track, place (180 ° to 0 ° of horizontal directions), and parallel with the road surface, shining the space is upper and lower space, lamp high position and road surface; Operational mode is normal mode (not opening under the normal weather, only standard-sized sheet when rain, mist, cigarette, haze weather) or energy saver mode (light modulation on the normal mode basis).
6. a kind of middle lamp position multidimensional road lighting mode according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the basic principle of described vertical illumination is: the vertical light that penetration power is strong can form local terrestrial reference and indicating position in the irradiation place; Among the present invention, the function of vertical luminance component has two tops: 1 provides guidance lighting, when needing rescue when having an accident, and the clear and definite accident that indicates orientation aloft; 2 provide landscape function, consist of the landscape light in city element, mould atmosphere and can not affect traffic safety in red-letter day; The light source and the light fixture that are used for vertical illumination, its direction of illumination vertical with the road surface (87 ° to 93 ° of vertical direction), the irradiation space is above the road, with other luminance component without common factor, light source is photochromic to be monochrome or a plurality of photochromic alternate chronologically conversion; Operational mode is not for opening at ordinary times, and only manual in the needs situation or remote control is opened.
7. a kind of middle lamp position multidimensional road lighting mode according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the basic principle of described display lighting is: the intelligent transportation needs in time provide Traffic Information to the driver, and issuing traffic commander department is to driver's instruction; Among the present invention, the function of display lighting component is to show in real time graph text information, and guided vehicle travels in order; The light source and the light fixture that are used for display lighting are LED/OLED screen or dot matrix, and direction of illumination is tiltedly to track, place direction of traffic; Adopt remote control mode startup, controlling run by point duty department.
8. a kind of middle lamp position multidimensional road lighting mode according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: for than the narrow road section, adopt by " the single cloth lamp of center line of road ", for wider road, adopt " center line of road cloth lamp+avris cloth lamp " pattern of lighting, the road of divider wall is set for center line, and the cloth lamp is on wall; For non-horizontal highway section, because visual range shortens, the more horizontal highway section of power density power density strengthens; For the non-rectilinear highway section, because visual range shortens, power density strengthens than straight line highway section power density; For special road section, such as confluence, zebra stripes etc., power density strengthens and reinforcement road level illumination; For the mixed walking along the street section of people's car, power density strengthens and the reinforcement vertical illumination.
9. a kind of middle lamp position multidimensional road lighting mode according to claim 1, its key technology is to limit dazzle; Restriction is used for the light source of reverse illumination for the measure of the dazzle of this driving direction formation, is to arrange on the light fixture to cut light shadow shield and reasonable luminous intensity distribution on the level; Limiting in the same way, lighting source is that vertical tabula rasa and the reasonable luminous intensity distribution of cutting is set on the light fixture for the measure of the dazzle of opposite direction of traffic formation; Limiting lighting source in the same way, transverse illumination light source to the measure of the light pollution of contiguous dwelling house, is that a section tabula rasa is set on the light fixture.
10. a kind of middle lamp position multidimensional road lighting mode according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described this lighting system has opening, the luminance component formation base illumination of above-mentioned a plurality of dimensions, the measure of further improving illumination functions is to add more multidimensional luminance component.
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| CN201210334214.3A CN102865509B (en) | 2012-09-11 | 2012-09-11 | Medium-lighting-position multi-dimensional road lighting system |
| PCT/CN2013/083351 WO2014040540A1 (en) | 2012-09-11 | 2013-09-11 | Multi-dimensional street lighting system |
| EP13837609.0A EP2896875B1 (en) | 2012-09-11 | 2013-09-11 | Multi-dimensional street lighting system |
| US14/644,781 US20150362140A1 (en) | 2012-09-11 | 2015-03-11 | Multi-dimensional road lighting system |
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