A kind of speed reducer that changes velocity ratio
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of speed reducing machinery, is specifically related to a kind of speed reducer that changes velocity ratio.
Background technique
The velocity ratio of existing most of speed reducers is changeless, but needs often to adjust the output speed of speed reducer in the occasion of many application speed reducers.Also there is the output speed can electrodeless variable-speed or the speed reducer of step change in the existing speed reducer, this class speed governing speed reducer mainly is the adjusting that realizes velocity ratio by the displacement of conical surface drive wheel and belt wheel, thereby or changes the velocity ratio of speed reducer by the movement between the driving gear of a plurality of different numbers of teeth.The complicated structure of above-mentioned speed governing speed reducer, volume is larger, and the manufacturing cost of product is higher, and transmission efficiency is lower simultaneously.Therefore, be necessary the structure of existing speed governing speed reducer is improved.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to overcome the defective that exists in the prior art, design a kind of speed reducer that changes velocity ratio, this speed reducer both can change velocity ratio, have again simple in structure, the characteristics that transmission efficiency is high.
For achieving the above object, technological scheme of the present invention is a kind of speed reducer that changes velocity ratio of design, it is characterized in that, in described speed reducer, be provided with gear, described gear comprises the brake axle that is arranged in the cabinet, on described brake axle, be equipped with first by bearing, the second duplicate gear, described duplicate gear is made of a gearwheel and a small gear, with described first, two small gears in the second duplicate gear are installed relatively, described first, at described brake axle the 3rd driving gear is installed by connecting key between the second duplicate gear, described the 3rd driving gear is meshed with an internal gear, outer wall at described internal gear is provided with circular groove, at circular groove shift fork is housed, described shift fork is connected with operating handle, described operating handle is connected on the cabinet by operating rod bearing, described internal gear only was meshed with the 3rd driving gear when described operating handle arranged between two parties, described internal gear was meshed with small gear in the 3rd driving gear and the first duplicate gear respectively when described operating handle arranged downwards, and described internal gear was meshed with small gear in the 3rd driving gear and the second duplicate gear respectively when described operating handle upwards arranged.
Wherein, preferred technological scheme is also to be provided with power input shaft, pto=power take-off and transmission shaft in described cabinet, the axis of described brake axle, power input shaft, pto=power take-off and transmission shaft is positioned at same plane, and described power input shaft is mutually vertical with the axis of transmission shaft, and the axis of described brake axle, transmission shaft and pto=power take-off is parallel to each other.
Preferred technological scheme also comprises, at an end of described power input shaft and a side of transmission shaft intermeshing a pair of umbrella gear is housed respectively, the 4th different driving gear of the number of teeth and the 5th driving gear also are housed respectively on described transmission shaft, described the 4th driving gear is meshed with gearwheel in the first duplicate gear, and described the 5th driving gear is meshed with gearwheel in the second duplicate gear.
Preferred technological scheme also comprises, the 6th driving gear also is housed on described brake axle, and described the 6th driving gear is meshed with the 7th driving gear on being installed in pto=power take-off.
Preferred technological scheme also comprises, described pto=power take-off is hollow shaft, is provided with keyway at the inwall of hollow shaft.
Preferably technological scheme also comprises, an end of described power input shaft and brake axle stretches out described cabinet, is provided with keyway at described external part.
Preferably technological scheme also comprises, described brake axle, power input shaft, pto=power take-off and transmission shaft are contained in the described cabinet by bearing.
Preferably technological scheme also comprises, described first, second duplicate gear, internal gear, the 3rd driving gear, the 4th driving gear, the 5th driving gear, the 6th driving gear, the 7th driving gear are helical gear.
Preferably technological scheme also comprises, described shift fork is horizontally installed in the cabinet, and described operating handle vertically arranges, and an end of described operating handle is plugged in the attachment hole of described shift fork one end, and the other end reaches the upper end of cabinet by operating rod bearing.
Advantage of the present invention and beneficial effect are: this speed reducer is because the use of mobile internal gear, drive the change of internal gear position (upper, middle and lower) by operating handle and shift fork, rotating speed that both can the regulation moving power output shaft, making it have high speed, low speed and speed is zero output, has again compact structure, the characteristics that transmission efficiency is high.Because pto=power take-off adopts the structure of hollow shaft, the volume of speed reducer is reduced again, weight saving, two its intensity truly have increase.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is that the master of speed reducer of the present invention looks schematic diagram;
Fig. 2 is one of A-A cross-sectional schematic of Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 be Fig. 1 the A-A cross-sectional schematic two;
Fig. 4 be Fig. 1 the A-A cross-sectional schematic three.
Among the figure: 1, cabinet; 2, brake axle; 3, bearing; 4, the first duplicate gear; 4-1, gearwheel; 4-2, small gear; 5, the second duplicate gear; 5-1, gearwheel; 5-2, small gear; 6, Lian Jian; 7, the 3rd driving gear; 8, internal gear; 9, circular groove; 10, shift fork; 11, operating handle; 12, operating rod bearing; 13, power input shaft; 14, pto=power take-off; 15, transmission shaft; 16,17, umbrella gear; 18, the 4th driving gear; 19, the 5th driving gear; 20, the 6th driving gear; 21, the 7th driving gear.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the specific embodiment of the present invention is further described.Following examples only are used for technological scheme of the present invention more clearly is described, and can not limit protection scope of the present invention with this.
As shown in Figures 1 to 4, the present invention is a kind of speed reducer that changes velocity ratio, in speed reducer, be provided with a cover gear, described gear comprises and is arranged on the brake axle 2 that is used for braking in the cabinet 1, on described brake axle 2, by bearing 3 the first duplicate gear 4 is installed, the second duplicate gear 5, described duplicate gear is by a gearwheel 4-1,5-1 and a small gear 4-2,5-2 consists of, with described the first duplicate gear 4, two small gear 4-2 in the second duplicate gear 5,5-2 is installed in the middle part of brake axle 2 relatively, because at duplicate gear 4,5 and brake axle 2 between bearing is housed, so duplicate gear 4,5 can rotate with respect to brake axle 2; At described the first duplicate gear 4, at described brake axle 2 the 3rd driving gear 7 is installed by connecting key 6 between the second duplicate gear 5, described the 3rd driving gear 7 is meshed with an internal gear 8, both internal gear 8 was sleeved on the outside of the 3rd driving gear 7, outer wall at described internal gear 8 is provided with circular groove 9, at circular groove 9 shift fork 10 is housed, described shift fork 10 is connected with operating handle 11, described operating handle 11 is connected on the cabinet 1 by operating rod bearing 12, when described operating handle 11 8 of described internal gears when cabinet is positioned at the middle position are meshed with the 3rd driving gear 7, even this moment, power input shaft 13 rotated with transmission shaft 15, brake axle 2 can not rotate yet, when described operating handle 11 is positioned at downward position at cabinet, at this moment described internal gear 8 will be respectively be meshed with small gear 4-2 in the 3rd driving gear 7 and the first duplicate gear 4, when described operating handle 11 is positioned at upwards position at cabinet, at this moment described internal gear 8 will be respectively be meshed with small gear 5-2 in the 3rd driving gear 7 and the second duplicate gear 5.
Also be provided with power input shaft 13, pto=power take-off 14 and transmission shaft 15 in the described cabinet 1 in the present invention, the axis of described brake axle 2, power input shaft 13, pto=power take-off 14 and transmission shaft 15 is positioned at same plane, and described power input shaft 13 is mutually vertical with the axis of transmission shaft 15, and the axis of described brake axle 2, transmission shaft 15 and pto=power take-off 14 is parallel to each other.Input an end of 13 axles and a side of transmission shaft 15 is equipped with respectively intermeshing a pair of umbrella gear 16,17 at described power, the 4th different driving gear 18 of the number of teeth and the 5th driving gear 19 also are housed respectively on described transmission shaft 15, described the 4th driving gear 18 is meshed with gearwheel 4-1 in the first duplicate gear 4, and described the 5th driving gear 19 is meshed with gearwheel 5-1 in the second duplicate gear 5.The 6th driving gear 20 also is housed on the brake axle 2 in described cabinet 1, and described the 6th driving gear 20 is meshed with the 7th driving gear 21 on being installed in pto=power take-off 14.
Described pto=power take-off 14 is hollow shaft in the present invention, is provided with keyway at the inwall of hollow shaft; This hollow shaft is used for the power input shaft of erection load machine.
An end of described power input shaft 13 and brake axle 2 stretches out respectively described cabinet 1 in the present invention, is respectively applied to be connected with motor with driving and be connected with braking device.Be provided with keyway at described power input shaft 13 and brake axle 2 at described external part.Wherein said brake axle 2, power input shaft 13, pto=power take-off 14 and transmission shaft 15 are contained in the described cabinet 1 by bearing respectively.
Described the first duplicate gear 4, the second duplicate gear 5, internal gear 8, the 3rd driving gear 7, the 4th driving gear 18, the 5th driving gear 19, the 6th driving gear 20, the 7th driving gear 21 all can be helical gear in the present invention.
Described shift fork 10 can be horizontally installed in the cabinet 1 in the present invention, described operating handle 11 vertically can be arranged, an end of described operating handle 11 is plugged in the attachment hole of described shift fork 10 1 ends, the other end reaches the upper end of cabinet 1 by operating rod bearing 12.
The working principle that changes the speed reducer of velocity ratio of the present invention is, as shown in Figure 2, when rotating under the driving of power input shaft 13 at motor, power input shaft 13 drives transmission shaft 15 by a pair of umbrella gear and rotates, the 4th driving gear 18 and the 5th driving gear 19 that are installed on the transmission shaft 15 also rotate together, since the 4th driving gear 18 and the 5th driving gear 19 respectively with the first duplicate gear 4 that is installed on the brake axle 2 in gearwheel 4-1, be meshed with the gearwheel 5-1 in the second duplicate gear 5, therefore, the 4th driving gear 18 and the 5th driving gear 19 can drive respectively the first duplicate gear 4 and the second duplicate gear 5 rotates, because the first duplicate gear 4 and the second duplicate gear 5 are installed on the brake axle 2 by bearing 3, so brake axle 2 did not rotate when the first duplicate gear 4 and the second duplicate gear 5 rotated, yet between the first duplicate gear 4 and the second duplicate gear 5, also by connecting key 6 the 3rd driving gear 7 is housed, the internal gear 8 that is meshed with it is housed in the outside of the 3rd driving gear 7, this internal gear 8 can slide up and down, be provided with circular groove 9 in the outside of internal gear 8, shift fork 10 is housed in this circular groove, this shift fork 10 is U-shaped connecting rods of laterally installing, and this connecting rod is connected with an operating handle 11 that vertically is connected on the cabinet 1.As shown in Figure 2, when described operating handle 11 8 of internal gears when cabinet is positioned at the middle position are meshed with the 3rd driving gear 7, even this moment, power input shaft 13 rotated with transmission shaft 15, brake axle 2 can not rotate yet.As shown in Figure 3, when operating handle 11 is positioned at downward position at cabinet, at this moment internal gear 8 upward slidings, this internal gear 8 will be respectively be meshed with small gear 4-2 in the 3rd driving gear 7 and the first duplicate gear 4, at this moment the 4th driving gear 18 on the transmission shaft 15 and the engagement of the gearwheel 4-1 in the first duplicate gear 4, small gear 4-2 in the first duplicate gear 4 and internal gear 8 engagements, internal gear 8 also meshes with the 3rd driving gear 7 simultaneously, rotates together if at this moment the 4th driving gear 18 rotations just can drive brake axle 2.As shown in Figure 4, when described operating handle 11 is positioned at upwards position at cabinet, at this moment described internal gear 8 will be respectively be meshed with small gear 5-2 in the 3rd driving gear 7 and the second duplicate gear 5, at this moment the 5th driving gear 19 on the transmission shaft 15 and the engagement of the gearwheel 5-1 in the second duplicate gear 5, small gear 5-2 in the second duplicate gear 5 and internal gear 8 engagements, internal gear 8 also meshes with the 3rd driving gear 7 simultaneously, rotates together if at this moment the 5th driving gear 19 rotations just can drive brake axle 2.Owing to the 6th driving gear 20, the six driving gears 20 and the 7th driving gear 21 engagements that are installed on the pto=power take-off 14 also being housed on brake axle, can driving pto=power take-off 14 rotations if brake axle 2 rotates.
The above only is preferred implementation of the present invention; should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, under the prerequisite that does not break away from the technology of the present invention principle; can also make some improvements and modifications, these improvements and modifications also should be considered as protection scope of the present invention.