CN102071477A - Novel polymer melt electrostatic spinning device - Google Patents
Novel polymer melt electrostatic spinning device Download PDFInfo
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- CN102071477A CN102071477A CN2009102384344A CN200910238434A CN102071477A CN 102071477 A CN102071477 A CN 102071477A CN 2009102384344 A CN2009102384344 A CN 2009102384344A CN 200910238434 A CN200910238434 A CN 200910238434A CN 102071477 A CN102071477 A CN 102071477A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a novel polymer melt electrostatic spinning device, which mainly comprises a receiving device, a high-voltage electrostatic generator, a nozzle, a high-viscosity liquid spinning spray nozzle, a heating device, a charging barrel, a piston shaft, an end cover and a temperature sensor, wherein the high-voltage electrostatic generator is connected with the receiving device, and the nozzle is embedded in the charging barrel and is in conical-surface fit with the charging barrel. The nozzle is directly connected with the charging barrel through threads and is provided with a round hole facilitating dismounting. The heating device wrapped outside the charging barrel is an electromagnetic heating coil and comprises an upper electromagnetic heating coil and a lower electromagnetic heating coil. The novel polymer melt electrostatic spinning device can be used for electrostatic spinning of polymer melt and has the advantages of greatly improving melt spinning efficiency and effectively decreasing thermal degradation in a melt spinning process.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of electrostatic spinning apparatus, be suitable for the electrostatic spinning of melt of thermoplastic polymers.
Background technology
Electrostatic spinning claims electrospinning again, is found to the existing now history in 100 years nearly from it.Just in patent, reported the high-voltage electrostatic field spinning as far back as Anton Fomhals in 1934, yet up to 1993, this technology just was defined as electrostatic spinning technique.In the last few years, along with the intensification of nanosecond science and technology, electrostatic spinning technique had become one of current the most popular research field.At present existing 30 multiple polymers successfully make ultra-fine fiber by the method for electrostatic spinning, and the thinnest fibre diameter can reach tens nanometers.The principle of electrostatic spinning can be sketched and be, at high-pressure electrostatic after the match, polymer solution or melt are under the effect of electric field force, form thread from capillary end and fly to receiving system, thread produces drawing of height and stretches before arriving receiving system, the solvent evaporation or the melt of solution solidify, and form ultra-fine fiber at last on receiving system.At present the research about melt electrostatic spinning is not a lot, for existing patent (application number: 2007201900366) adopt the mode of heating of one-part form, heat with common Electrothermal ring, the efficiency of heating surface is low, and in original device, shower nozzle has one section distance apart from heating collar.When spinning, need flow through in the air distance of a shower nozzle of material, material can be subjected to the air cooling and cause the reduction of temperature in this process, the temperature that therefore can only improve barrel could guarantee smooth spinning, and the general polymerization thing at high temperature can be degraded, and the high more degraded of temperature is serious more.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of high efficiency electrostatic spinning apparatus that is applicable to polymer melt that can effectively reduce depolymerization.The present invention is by the improvement to original melt electrostatic spinning, electromagnetism heating collar, sectional type heating, built-in high viscosity shower nozzle and nozzle have been adopted, make device can reduce the thermal degradation of material in melting to spinning process effectively, and, spinning efficiency greatly improved.
A kind of new type of polymer melt electrostatic spinning device provided by the invention has adopted the melt electrostatic spinning device of being made up of receiving system, nozzle, high viscosity shower nozzle, heater, barrel, the axis of the piston, end cap, temperature sensor, HV generator etc.Wherein, the electromagnetism heating collar is a heater, comprises electromagnetism heating collar and last electromagnetism heating collar down, can carry out temperature respectively and set and heating.Adopt melt-flow to cross the spinning nozzle (number of patent application: 200920223063.8) that the cross section is the novel high viscosity liquid of concave surface, and, whole high viscosity liquid spinning nozzle and nozzle all are embedded in barrel inside, directly by being threaded togather, both also can be by connecting at the uniform screw of circumferencial direction for nozzle and barrel.Have easy-to-dismount circular hole on the nozzle, nozzle and shower nozzle are taked conical surface tight fit, leave enough gaps between shower nozzle conical surface place and nozzle, guarantee that material is evenly distributed on the shower nozzle cone.Material flows out by the gap between nozzle and shower nozzle, and nozzle is by drawing lead and the earth joins.Receiving system be positioned at nozzle under and connect the cathode output end of HV generator, another electrode grounding of HV generator.The electromagnetism heating collar that is used for heated polymerizable thing melt is coated on the barrel surface, divides two ends up and down, carries out the setting and the control of temperature respectively, and temperature sensor adopts with barrel and is threaded.End cap adopts with the axis of the piston and is threaded, or both are processed into one.The axis of the piston can pump in barrel.Heater also can be three sections or multistage among the present invention.
The present invention adopts the sectional type heater, and the epimere temperature is lower, can carry out preheating to material, the hypomere temperature is higher, makes material quilt heating progressively in whole barrel, and, material only can be subjected to heat-flash in the terminal segment of barrel space, effectively prevent the degradation of material.In the present invention, adopt the electromagnetism heating, shortened the heat time heating time of material greatly, improved spinning efficiency, also reduced the time of polymer thermal degradation.In the present invention, adopt the spinning nozzle and the nozzle of built-in novel high viscosity liquid, reduce nozzle and shower nozzle greatly and be exposed to airborne area, make the melt that reaches preset temperature that less thermal loss be arranged, get final product spinning at a lower temperature, avoid melt temperature too high, also helped reducing the thermal degradation of polymer.In the present invention, adopt a kind of electrostatic spinning nozzle of high viscosity liquid, it is concave surface that its melt-flow is crossed the cross section, effectively increased the sectional area that melt-flow is crossed, in spinning process, make the good material of fusion plastification in the short time, can accumulate in rapidly on the spinning cone, reduce the critical spinning viscosity of melt, and improved the efficient of spinning.Because the present invention has adopted mode of heating and high efficiency shower nozzle at a high speed, so enough electric field forces are necessary, therefore in the present invention, employing reaches as high as the high-voltage DC power supply of 100KV, by applying the voltage of high power, make the melt that accumulates in rapidly on the spray wire cone, can be drawn into silk in time, fall on the collecting board.The electrostatic spinning apparatus that is used for melt that the present invention proposes has been owing to solved above problem, thereby compares the advantage that has better minimizing melt degraded and improve spinning efficiency greatly with electrostatic spinning apparatus in the past.
The present invention is suitable for the electrostatic spinning of polymer melt, and spinning material can be polymer particles pellet or powder or section or melt.Receiving system can be taked various ways such as conducting plate, conductive mesh and reel.The output of HV generator is very anodal.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a kind of schematic diagram of new type of polymer melt electrostatic spinning device
Among the figure: electromagnetism heating collar 6-temperature sensor 7-barrel 8-goes up electromagnetism heating collar 9-end cap 10-the axis of the piston under the 1-receiving system 2-HV generator 3-high viscosity liquid spinning nozzle 4-nozzle 5-
The specific embodiment
The present invention takes device as shown in Figure 1, it mainly comprises receiving system (1), be connected with receiving system, can produce the HV generator (2) of high voltage (100KV), take the high viscosity liquid spinning nozzle (3) of cone match with nozzle (4), with barrel (7) take to be threaded can be for convenience detach nozzle (4), the last electromagnetism heating collar (8) that is used for the material preheating, be used to add the following electromagnetism heating collar (5) of heat-flash, the barrel of steel construction (7), can in barrel (7), move up and down and can not produce the Lou the axis of the piston (10) of material, end cap (9), temperature sensor (6).
The spinning step: at first, will go up electromagnetism heating collar (8) and set a lower temperature, will descend electromagnetism heating collar (5) to set a higher temperature, both are heated to preset temperature with barrel (7) jointly.The melt temperature of various polymer is all different, and, polymer viscosity is the key factor whether electrostatic spinning can carry out smoothly, so need be set in material melting temperature to the temperature of last electromagnetism heating collar (8), the heating-up temperature of following electromagnetism heating collar (5) is arranged on more than the processing and forming temperature of polymer, reduce the viscosity of polymer as far as possible, but be unlikely to make polymer to produce severely degrade.Secondly add spinning material in barrel, spinning material can be polymer beads or powder or section or melt.When adeciduate melt droplets has just appearred in high viscosity liquid spinning nozzle (3), open the power switch of HV generator (2), the output voltage of power supply is since 0 toward raising, until the terminal melt droplets distortion of high viscosity liquid spinning nozzle (3) and ejecting forms till the filament.The melt silk cools off in motion process, is pooled to receiving system.The melt thread that ejects, the brute force stretching through electric field can form ultra-fine fiber at last.
Owing to do not use solvent, there is not the Evaporation Phenomenon of solvent in fiber by the present invention spins out, thereby can obtains the uniform superfine fibre of smooth surface, and its mechanical property is better than the fiber that solution electrostatic spinning makes.In addition, by a series of improvement, spinning efficiency of the present invention is greatly improved than original equipment.And, can effectively reduce the thermal degradation of polymer melt.
One embodiment of the present of invention: spinning material is the low density polyethylene (LDPE) particulate material, and electromagnetism heating collar (8) is set to 170 ℃, time electromagnetism heating collars (5) and is set to 230 ℃ on the spinning temperature.In addition, spinning voltage is 0～70kv, and receiving system (1) is a conductive mesh, high viscosity liquid spinning nozzle (3) bottom melt outlet and receiving system (1) apart from 18cm.According to above-mentioned technical process, the fibre diameter of collecting is in 1 μ m～10 mu m ranges, and spinning efficiency is 6.2g/h, and through measuring, the molecular weight of spinning fibre is compared with original method and improved 10%.
Claims (4)
1. a new type of polymer melt electrostatic spinning device comprises receiving apparatus, HV generator, high viscosity liquid spinning nozzle, nozzle, heater, temperature sensor, barrel, end cap and the axis of the piston; It is characterized in that: heater adopts the electromagnetic type heating collar, and, be divided into electromagnetism heating collar and following electromagnetism heating collar; Adopt melt-flow to cross the high viscosity liquid spinning nozzle that the cross section is a concave surface, high viscosity liquid spinning nozzle and nozzle all are built in barrel inside.
2. a kind of new type of polymer melt electrostatic spinning device according to claim 1 is characterized in that, spinning material is polymer particles pellet or powder or section or melt.
3. a kind of new type of polymer melt electrostatic spinning device according to claim 1 is characterized in that receiving system is conducting plate, conductive mesh or reel.
4. a kind of new type of polymer melt electrostatic spinning device according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the hop count of electromagnetism heating collar can be three sections or multistage.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2009102384344A CN102071477A (en) | 2009-11-20 | 2009-11-20 | Novel polymer melt electrostatic spinning device |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2009102384344A CN102071477A (en) | 2009-11-20 | 2009-11-20 | Novel polymer melt electrostatic spinning device |
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| CN102071477A true CN102071477A (en) | 2011-05-25 |
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Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102839431A (en) * | 2012-09-28 | 2012-12-26 | 北京化工大学 | Device and process for mass production of nanometer fiber by melt electro-spinning method |
| CN103225174A (en) * | 2013-04-25 | 2013-07-31 | 北京化工大学 | Method for coating esophageal stent through melt electrospinning |
| CN103243483A (en) * | 2013-05-10 | 2013-08-14 | 北京化工大学 | Melt differential type injection electrostatic spinning device |
| CN103556238A (en) * | 2013-11-22 | 2014-02-05 | 苏州大学张家港工业技术研究院 | Electrostatic spinning device capable of adjusting viscosity of polymer solution |
| CN103924309A (en) * | 2014-05-03 | 2014-07-16 | 北京化工大学 | Melt electrostatic spinning sprayer suitable for high-viscosity high-melting-point polymers |
| CN104088023A (en) * | 2014-07-04 | 2014-10-08 | 南通丽洋新材料开发有限公司 | Melting electrostatic spinning device |
| CN104963006A (en) * | 2015-05-23 | 2015-10-07 | 宁波格林美孚新材料科技有限公司 | Foaming-based melt electrospun fiber |
| CN109440201A (en) * | 2018-12-10 | 2019-03-08 | 武汉华威科智能技术有限公司 | A kind of electrofluid ejecting device for melt electrostatic spinning |
| CN110629298A (en) * | 2019-11-06 | 2019-12-31 | 韶关学院 | Melt electrostatic spinning device and method thereof |
| CN111593418A (en) * | 2020-07-10 | 2020-08-28 | 广东工业大学 | Alternating magnetic field melt heating device and method based on online algorithm |
-
2009
- 2009-11-20 CN CN2009102384344A patent/CN102071477A/en active Pending
Cited By (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102839431B (en) * | 2012-09-28 | 2014-12-10 | 北京化工大学 | Device and process for mass production of nanometer fiber by melt electro-spinning method |
| CN102839431A (en) * | 2012-09-28 | 2012-12-26 | 北京化工大学 | Device and process for mass production of nanometer fiber by melt electro-spinning method |
| CN103225174A (en) * | 2013-04-25 | 2013-07-31 | 北京化工大学 | Method for coating esophageal stent through melt electrospinning |
| CN103243483A (en) * | 2013-05-10 | 2013-08-14 | 北京化工大学 | Melt differential type injection electrostatic spinning device |
| CN103243483B (en) * | 2013-05-10 | 2015-09-16 | 北京化工大学 | A kind of melt differential type injection electrostatic spinning apparatus |
| CN103556238A (en) * | 2013-11-22 | 2014-02-05 | 苏州大学张家港工业技术研究院 | Electrostatic spinning device capable of adjusting viscosity of polymer solution |
| CN103556238B (en) * | 2013-11-22 | 2016-08-17 | 苏州大学张家港工业技术研究院 | The electrostatic spinning apparatus of adjustable polymer solution viscosity |
| CN103924309A (en) * | 2014-05-03 | 2014-07-16 | 北京化工大学 | Melt electrostatic spinning sprayer suitable for high-viscosity high-melting-point polymers |
| CN104088023A (en) * | 2014-07-04 | 2014-10-08 | 南通丽洋新材料开发有限公司 | Melting electrostatic spinning device |
| CN104963006A (en) * | 2015-05-23 | 2015-10-07 | 宁波格林美孚新材料科技有限公司 | Foaming-based melt electrospun fiber |
| CN109440201A (en) * | 2018-12-10 | 2019-03-08 | 武汉华威科智能技术有限公司 | A kind of electrofluid ejecting device for melt electrostatic spinning |
| CN110629298A (en) * | 2019-11-06 | 2019-12-31 | 韶关学院 | Melt electrostatic spinning device and method thereof |
| CN111593418A (en) * | 2020-07-10 | 2020-08-28 | 广东工业大学 | Alternating magnetic field melt heating device and method based on online algorithm |
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Application publication date: 20110525 |