CN102070911A - Polyolefin/vegetable fiber composite material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Polyolefin/vegetable fiber composite material and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN102070911A CN102070911A CN2010105542501A CN201010554250A CN102070911A CN 102070911 A CN102070911 A CN 102070911A CN 2010105542501 A CN2010105542501 A CN 2010105542501A CN 201010554250 A CN201010554250 A CN 201010554250A CN 102070911 A CN102070911 A CN 102070911A
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- polyolefine
- composite material
- plant fiber
- polyolefin
- functional modification
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Abstract
The invention discloses a polyolefin/vegetable fiber composite material and a preparation method thereof. The composite material consists of polyolefin, vegetable fibers, functional modified parent stock and a processing assistant, wherein the weight percentage of the polyolefin is 20 to 60 percent; the weight percentage of the vegetable fibers is 40 to 80 percent; the weight of functional modified parent stock is 5 to 15 percent based on the total weight of the polyolefin and the vegetable fibers; and the weight of the processing assistant is 2 to 5 percent based on the total weight of the polyolefin and vegetable fibers. The preparation method of the composite material comprises: strictly drying the vegetable fibers, fully mixing the dried vegetable fibers and the processing assistant in equipment such as a high-speed mixer; blending the mixture with polyolefin particle materials and the functional modified parent stock, performing extruding granulation, and obtaining the composite material. Compared with the conventional polyolefin/vegetable fiber composite material, the composite material is obviously improved in impact toughness while retaining strength and modulus, and the application range of the polyolefin/vegetable fiber composite material is further enlarged.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to polyolefin modified technical field and vegetable fibre comprehensive utilization field, be specifically related to prescription of a kind of polyolefine/made from composite material of plant fiber and goods and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Utilizing wood fibre filler (comprising wood powder, straw, rice husk etc.) and thermoplastics (comprising waste and old thermoplastics) is main raw material, add some processing aids, the matrix material that makes through forming process is called timber-thermoplastic plastic composite material (Wood Plastic Composites also is called for short WPC).Polyolefine/made from composite material of plant fiber is exactly a big class wherein.The wood plastic composite that comprises polyolefine/made from composite material of plant fiber has than independent wood materials or the more excellent performance of plastic prod, it is the desirable surrogate of timber, its major advantage has: the defective of no timber-work, as exostosis, diagonal lamination, rotten etc.; Durable, the life-span is long, and similar wood appearance is arranged, than plastics hardness height; Wood plastic product is the homogeneity material, has good rerum natura, do not exist the incorgruous mechanical property of rift grain, band with radially, tangential different shrinking percentages; No matter wood plastic product is compacting, extruding, injection molding, can once shaped as long as the mould of typing is arranged and hold the sample device; No industrial wood waste utilizes starting material and working (machining) efficiency height most effectively; Product surface is smooth, smooth, firm, and can suppress enterprise's shape mouth, solid pattern and other require shape, and the secondary workability of similar wood is arranged, and can cut, bonding etc.; Add various tinting materials or overlay film, can make various goods lucuriant in design; Can reuse and recycling.
Based on these advantages of wood plastic composite, it can be applicable to a lot of fields in the daily life: (1) construction and decoration, finishing material, as wall dunnage, baseboard, top ceiling, decorative sheet, wallboard, highway noises dividing plate and building template etc.; (2) occasions such as park, court, street are used for open-air tables and chairs; (3) traffic, municipal aspect are as railroad sleeper, Sewage well cover, flase floor; (4) wrapping material, carrying backing plate and pallet; (5) in the household, the moistureproof facility of enclosure wall, flower case, aisle, floor, moistureproof dividing plate and washing room etc.
Have above-mentioned numerous advantage and wide application field though comprise the wood plastic composite of polyolefine/made from composite material of plant fiber, its toughness (shock resistance) is relatively poor to be a major issue of puzzlement researcher and industrial enterprise always.
Because the rigidity of vegetable fibre own is bigger, and all has great amount of hydroxy group usually, polarity is very big, thereby relatively poor with resin compatible, causes the shock strength of matrix material generally can be lower than former plastics.Though some coupling agent or compatilizer can improve the impact property of matrix material, effect is generally limited.When the wood plastic composite that comprises polyolefine/made from composite material of plant fiber is carried out toughening modifying, at present methods that adopt elastic body toughening more.Elastomerics itself has fabulous toughness, join in the matrix material after, can cause a large amount of crazings and shear zone, thereby absorb a large amount of striking energys, so can increase substantially the shock strength of matrix material.With methyl methacrylate/butadiene/styrene copolymers (MBS) PP/ wood powder, HDPE/ wood powder and three kinds of matrix materials of LDPE/ wood powder are carried out toughening modifying with high as Yin, the result shows that MBS can improve the impelling strength of matrix material significantly.Zhuan Naiyin etc. carry out toughening modifying with terpolymer EP rubber (EPDM), EVA and styrene/butadiene/styrene copolymers (SBS) to PP base WPC, and the result shows that EPDM is obvious to the toughening effect of matrix material.
Though elastic body toughening comprises the wood plastic composite of polyolefine/made from composite material of plant fiber and can improve the impact property of matrix material, but common elastomeric introducing all can reduce the tensile strength and the modulus of matrix material to a certain extent, elastomeric use has simultaneously also improved the production cost of matrix material to a certain extent.
And the present invention is at the polyolefine/made from composite material of plant fiber of routine and the prescription of goods (polyolefin resin; vegetable fibre; processing aid etc.) introduce a kind of functional modification masterbatch in; under certain functional modification masterbatch consumption; with the strict dry back of vegetable fibre and processing aid by equipment thorough mixing such as high-speed mixers after; again with polyolefin pellets and the blend of functional modification masterbatch; extruding pelletization or extrusion moulding can obtain impact property and ductility improves, and does not damage polyolefine/made from composite material of plant fiber or its goods of its tensile strength and modulus.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to improve the needs of impelling strength at the current wood plastic composite of polyolefine/made from composite material of plant fiber that comprises; provide a kind of impact property and ductility to improve and significantly do not reduce prescription and the goods and the preparation method of the polyolefine/made from composite material of plant fiber and the goods of its intensity and modulus; promptly in the polyolefine/made from composite material of plant fiber prescription of routine, introduce the functional modification masterbatch of certain consumption, and pass through high-speed mixing; extrude blend; conventional plastic shaping working method such as granulation or moulding obtains polyolefine/made from composite material of plant fiber or its goods.This method is different from the method that traditional elastic body toughening comprises the wood plastic composite of polyolefine/made from composite material of plant fiber significantly, and the technology simple controllable is easy to realize that cost is also cheaper simultaneously.
The present invention is achieved in that
A kind of polyolefine/made from composite material of plant fiber, described matrix material is made up of polyolefine, vegetable fibre, functional modification masterbatch and processing aid, percentage ratio calculates by weight, wherein polyolefine is 20%-60%, vegetable fibre is 40-80%, the functional modification masterbatch accounts for the 5%-15% of polyolefine and vegetable fibre gross weight, and processing aid accounts for the 2-5% of polyolefine and vegetable fibre gross weight.
Further scheme is: described vegetable fibre comprises wood powder, rice straw powder or wheat straw powder or its mixture.
Further scheme is: described polyolefine is polyethylene, polypropylene or polyethylene polypropylene miser.
Further scheme is: described functional modification masterbatch is carrier with the oxidized polyethlene wax, and talcum powder and nano-calcium carbonate are dispersed in wherein.
Wherein functional modification masterbatch percentage ratio calculating by weight comprises oxidic polyethylene 20-50%, talcum powder 20-50%, nano-calcium carbonate 30-55%.
The functional modification masterbatch is with after nano-calcium carbonate, talcum powder and the oxidic polyethylene high-speed mixing, uses the twin screw extruder extruding pelletization, makes talcum powder and nano-calcium carbonate homodisperse and making in masterbatch.
Further scheme is: described processing aid comprises one or more in the auxiliary agents such as lubricant, coupling agent, colorant, oxidation inhibitor, mould inhibitor, UV light absorber.
The present invention also provides the preparation method of described polyolefine/made from composite material of plant fiber; the strict dry back of vegetable fibre and processing aid by equipment thorough mixing such as high-speed mixers after, obtain polyolefine/made from composite material of plant fiber with polyolefin pellets and the blend of functional modification masterbatch, extruding pelletization.
Polyolefine/the made from composite material of plant fiber that obtains and goods are compared with general polyolefine/made from composite material of plant fiber and goods thereof, and intensity, modulus do not reduce, but impelling strength and ductility significantly improve.
The present invention compared with prior art has following positively effect:
1, polyolefine/made from composite material of plant fiber of significantly improving of impact property provided by the invention and ductility, the toughening technology method that it adopted is different from elastic body toughening mode commonly used significantly: with elastic body toughening polymkeric substance/made from composite material of plant fiber when improving the matrix material impact property, intensity all can decrease different with modulus, the present invention is by introducing the method for functional modification masterbatch, when improving matrix material and goods impact property and ductility, do not reduce the intensity and the modulus of matrix material and goods.
2, the polyolefine/made from composite material of plant fiber and the goods that significantly improve of impact property provided by the invention and ductility, the functional modification masterbatch preparation process that is adopted is simple, and the oxidized polyethlene wax that is adopted, talcum powder, lime carbonate are all inexpensive to be easy to get, with respect to elastic body toughening, the cost of polyolefine/made from composite material of plant fiber and goods is lower.
3, functional modification masterbatch provided by the present invention, with the oxidized polyethlene wax is carrier, oxidized polyethlene wax and polyolefine (particularly polyethylene) and vegetable fibre all have affinity interaction preferably, cooperate the use of processing aids such as coupling agent again, improve the interfacial interaction of vegetable fibre and polyolefin substrate preferably, thereby given higher intensity of matrix material and modulus.
4, functional modification masterbatch provided by the present invention is a carrier with the oxidized polyethlene wax, and talcum powder and nano-calcium carbonate are dispersed in wherein.Blend commonly used, the method for extruding pelletization are adopted in its preparation, and the preparation method is simple, and industrial implementation is extremely strong;
5, the polyolefine/made from composite material of plant fiber and the goods that significantly improve of impact property provided by the invention and ductility, except introducing the functional modification masterbatch, its preparation method is compared with the traditional wood plastic composite and the preparation process of goods, it is any special or newly add and be equipped with to use, and industrial exploitativeness is strong.
Embodiment
Embodiment given below is to specific descriptions of the present invention; be necessary to be pointed out that at this following examples only are used for that the present invention is described further; can not be interpreted as limiting the scope of the invention; this art skilled person makes some nonessential improvement and adjustment according to the invention described above content to the present invention, still belongs to protection scope of the present invention.
Embodiment comprises two portions: the preparation method of I polyolefine/made from composite material of plant fiber; The prescription of II polyolefine/made from composite material of plant fiber is formed and component concentration.
The preparation method of I polyolefine/made from composite material of plant fiber:
(1) vegetable fibre sieves with dry.Among the embodiment 1～8, vegetable fibre makes moisture content be lower than 2% by drying treatment after sieving through 60 eye mesh screens, and is standby;
(2) raw-material preliminary mixing.To in high-speed mixer, mix 5min with processing aid through the vegetable fibre of drying treatment; Open high-speed mixer, add polyolefin resin and functional modification masterbatch that prescription is set, once more high-speed mixing 3min;
(3) extruding pelletization of matrix material.Will be in twin screw extruder through the material extruding pelletization that just mixes, the temperature of forcing machine is set to 160-200 ℃, the extruder screw rotating speed is 80rpm-120rpm, behind the extruded material through port mould, enter section bar standard equipment, cooling, cutting, stacking, promptly obtain polyolefine/made from composite material of plant fiber that impact property and ductility significantly improve.
Obtain the mechanical property of matrix material in order to test, the pellet that above-mentioned steps (3) extruding pelletization is obtained behind 120 ℃ of drying treatment 2h, injection molding Mechanics Performance Testing standard test specimen on the reciprocating screw injection moulding machine.The injection moulding machine temperature is set to 170-200 ℃.Injection pressure 36MPa, dwell pressure 30MPa.Obtain to stretch, carry out performance test behind 23 ℃ of following ageing treatment 24h of impact specimen.
The different ingredients of II polyolefine/made from composite material of plant fiber is formed and mechanical property (embodiment 1～8):
Below provide 10 embodiment of concrete prescription composition and component concentration, the preparation method of the polyolefine/made from composite material of plant fiber of indication presses the given step of I and carries out.Embodiment 9 as a comparison and embodiment 10 do not contain functional modification masterbatch provided by the present invention.
Embodiment 1: by weight: 30 parts of polyvinyl resins, 70 parts in rice straw powder; The functional modification masterbatch is 10% of polyvinyl resin and a straw powder gross weight; Processing aid is 4% of polyvinyl resin and a straw powder gross weight; In the functional modification masterbatch, contain the oxidic polyethylene 25% that weight percentage is calculated, talcum powder 20%, nano-calcium carbonate 55%.
Embodiment 2: by weight: 45 parts of polyvinyl resins, 55 parts of wheat straw powder; The functional modification masterbatch is 8% of polyvinyl resin and a straw powder gross weight; Processing aid is 3% of polyvinyl resin and a straw powder gross weight; In the functional modification masterbatch, contain the oxidic polyethylene 40% that weight percentage is calculated, talcum powder 30%, nano-calcium carbonate 30%.
Embodiment 3: by weight: 40 parts of 60 parts of polyvinyl resins, wood powder and rice straw powder mixtures; The functional modification masterbatch is 5% of polyvinyl resin and a straw powder gross weight; Processing aid is 2% of polyvinyl resin and a straw powder gross weight; In the functional modification masterbatch, contain the oxidic polyethylene 20% that weight percentage is calculated, talcum powder 50%, nano-calcium carbonate 30%.
Embodiment 4: by weight: 45 parts of polyvinyl resins, 55 parts of wood powders; The functional modification masterbatch is 8% of polyvinyl resin and a wood powder gross weight; Processing aid is 3% of polyvinyl resin and a straw powder gross weight; In the functional modification masterbatch, contain the oxidic polyethylene 50% that weight percentage is calculated, talcum powder 25%, nano-calcium carbonate 25%.
Embodiment 5: by weight: 45 parts of polyvinyl resins, 55 parts of wheat straw powder; The functional modification masterbatch is 8% of polyvinyl resin and a wheat straw powder gross weight; Processing aid is 3% of polyvinyl resin and a straw powder gross weight; In the functional modification masterbatch, contain the oxidic polyethylene 50% that weight percentage is calculated, talcum powder 25%, nano-calcium carbonate 25%.
Embodiment 6: by weight: 45 parts of the polyethylene of recovery, 55 parts in rice straw powder; The functional modification masterbatch is for reclaiming 8% of polyethylene and wheat straw powder gross weight; Processing aid is 3% of polyethylene and a straw powder gross weight; In the functional modification masterbatch, contain the oxidic polyethylene 50% that weight percentage is calculated, talcum powder 25%, nano-calcium carbonate 25%.
Embodiment 7: by weight: 45 parts of acrylic resins, 55 parts in rice straw powder; The functional modification masterbatch is 8% of acrylic resin and a wheat straw powder gross weight; Processing aid is 3% of acrylic resin and a straw powder gross weight; In the functional modification masterbatch, contain the oxidic polyethylene 50% that weight percentage is calculated, talcum powder 25%, nano-calcium carbonate 25%.
Embodiment 8: by weight: 45 parts of the polypropylene of recovery, 55 parts of wheat straw powder; The functional modification masterbatch is 8% of acrylic resin and a wheat straw powder gross weight; Processing aid is 3% of polyethylene and a straw powder gross weight; In the functional modification masterbatch, contain the oxidic polyethylene 50% that weight percentage is calculated, talcum powder 25%, nano-calcium carbonate 25%.
Embodiment 9: by weight: 45 parts of polyvinyl resins, 55 parts of straw powder; Processing aid is 3% of polyvinyl resin and a straw powder gross weight;
Embodiment 10: by weight: 45 parts of acrylic resins, 55 parts of straw powder; Processing aid is 3% of acrylic resin and a straw powder gross weight;
Table 1 has provided the Mechanics Performance Testing result of above-mentioned 8 polyolefine/made from composite material of plant fiber that embodiment obtained.As seen, compare (referring to embodiment 9, embodiment 10) at interior wood and plastic composite preparation method for material with the polyolefine/made from composite material of plant fiber that comprises of routine, polyolefine/the made from composite material of plant fiber that obtains according to prescription provided by the invention and preparation method all can improve the impact property and the ductility of polyolefine/made from composite material of plant fiber basically comparatively significantly under the prerequisite that does not reduce intensity and modulus.
The mechanical property of table 1 polyolefine/made from composite material of plant fiber
Claims (7)
1. polyolefine/made from composite material of plant fiber, it is characterized in that described matrix material is made up of polyolefine, vegetable fibre, functional modification masterbatch and processing aid, percentage ratio calculates by weight, polyolefine is 20%-60%, vegetable fibre is 40-80%, the functional modification masterbatch accounts for the 5%-15% of polyolefine and vegetable fibre gross weight, and processing aid accounts for the 2-5% of polyolefine and vegetable fibre gross weight.
2. polyolefine/made from composite material of plant fiber according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described vegetable fibre is one or more in wood powder, rice straw powder, the wheat straw powder.
3. polyolefine/made from composite material of plant fiber according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described polyolefine is polyethylene, polypropylene or polyethylene and polyacrylic mixture.
4. polyolefine/made from composite material of plant fiber according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described functional modification masterbatch is carrier with the oxidized polyethlene wax, and talcum powder and nano-calcium carbonate are dispersed in the oxidized polyethlene wax.
5. polyolefine/made from composite material of plant fiber according to claim 4 is characterized in that: described functional modification masterbatch percentage ratio by weight calculates, and comprises oxidic polyethylene 20-50%, talcum powder 20-50%, nano-calcium carbonate 30-55%.
6. polyolefine/made from composite material of plant fiber according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described processing aid comprises one or more in lubricant, coupling agent, colorant, oxidation inhibitor, mould inhibitor, the UV light absorber.
7. the preparation method of the described polyolefine/made from composite material of plant fiber of the arbitrary claim of claim 1 to 6, it is characterized in that: vegetable fibre promptly obtains polyolefine/made from composite material of plant fiber with polyolefin pellets and the blend of functional modification masterbatch, extruding pelletization after passing through the high-speed mixer thorough mixing with processing aid after drying again.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN2010105542501A CN102070911A (en) | 2010-11-23 | 2010-11-23 | Polyolefin/vegetable fiber composite material and preparation method thereof |
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| CN2010105542501A CN102070911A (en) | 2010-11-23 | 2010-11-23 | Polyolefin/vegetable fiber composite material and preparation method thereof |
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Cited By (6)
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| CN102604404A (en) * | 2012-03-13 | 2012-07-25 | 深圳市科聚新材料有限公司 | Wood powder filled polypropylene and polyethylene composite material and preparation method for same |
| CN103214722A (en) * | 2013-05-09 | 2013-07-24 | 九江学院 | Polyolefin powder capable of uniform mixing with plant small piece and preparation method thereof |
| CN104589451A (en) * | 2014-11-04 | 2015-05-06 | 浙江红高梁木业有限公司 | Novel method for manufacturing novel consolidated composite floor |
| CN105566931A (en) * | 2016-01-29 | 2016-05-11 | 安徽以诺木塑板材科技有限公司 | Wood-plastic composite board |
| CN108219492A (en) * | 2016-12-14 | 2018-06-29 | 北京林业大学 | A kind of drying of wood wood plastics composite parting bead and preparation |
| CN111073101A (en) * | 2019-12-06 | 2020-04-28 | 沈阳化工大学 | Preparation method of MBS activated biomass straw blown film material |
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102604404A (en) * | 2012-03-13 | 2012-07-25 | 深圳市科聚新材料有限公司 | Wood powder filled polypropylene and polyethylene composite material and preparation method for same |
| CN103214722A (en) * | 2013-05-09 | 2013-07-24 | 九江学院 | Polyolefin powder capable of uniform mixing with plant small piece and preparation method thereof |
| CN103214722B (en) * | 2013-05-09 | 2015-10-14 | 九江学院 | A kind of easily and the preparation method of polyolefin powder that all mixes of crushed aggregate of plant |
| CN104589451A (en) * | 2014-11-04 | 2015-05-06 | 浙江红高梁木业有限公司 | Novel method for manufacturing novel consolidated composite floor |
| CN105566931A (en) * | 2016-01-29 | 2016-05-11 | 安徽以诺木塑板材科技有限公司 | Wood-plastic composite board |
| CN108219492A (en) * | 2016-12-14 | 2018-06-29 | 北京林业大学 | A kind of drying of wood wood plastics composite parting bead and preparation |
| CN111073101A (en) * | 2019-12-06 | 2020-04-28 | 沈阳化工大学 | Preparation method of MBS activated biomass straw blown film material |
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Application publication date: 20110525 |