CN102069077A - Laser material sorting device - Google Patents
Laser material sorting device Download PDFInfo
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- CN102069077A CN102069077A CN2010105085385A CN201010508538A CN102069077A CN 102069077 A CN102069077 A CN 102069077A CN 2010105085385 A CN2010105085385 A CN 2010105085385A CN 201010508538 A CN201010508538 A CN 201010508538A CN 102069077 A CN102069077 A CN 102069077A
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Abstract
The invention provides a laser material sorting device, which comprises a plurality of laser devices outputting lights with different wavelengths, a laser beam combining device, a first reflecting mirror provided with a small hole at the center, a rotatable polygonal reflecting mirror, a laser beam splitting device, and photoelectric sensors corresponding to the laser devices outputting lights with different wavelengths, wherein the laser beam combining device is used for combining light beams with different wavelengths output by the laser devices for output; lasers with different wavelengths after being combined by the laser beam combing device penetrate through the small hole at the center of the first reflecting mirror to be incident to the reflecting surface of the polygonal reflecting mirror and are reflected onto a material; lights scattered from the material are sequentially reflected by the reflecting surface of the polygonal reflecting mirror and the reflecting surface of the first reflecting mirror into the laser beam splitting device; and the laser beam splitting device sequentially divides the lights reflected back from the material into lights with wavelengths of a single wave band, the lights are respectively incident into the corresponding photoelectric sensors, and the photoelectric sensors are used for collecting light signals with corresponding wavelengths.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to food processing technology field, relate in particular to a kind of laser sorting material device.
Background technology
The photometric sorting device is applied to agricultural product, pollen such as various grains, vegetables, dry fruit, marine product, and various plastics, foreign matter and material inferior can be differentiated and eliminate to the sorting of the good and bad quality of materials such as tealeaves fast and effectively.
When utilizing the photometric sorting device to carry out the screening of material, need to determine that the spectral response signal difference between corresponding good material of a characteristic wavelength and the bad material maximizes, select suitable light source according to the characteristic wavelength of this selection then with this characteristic wavelength.
At present, the light source that adopts in the existing photoelectric color screening device is generally fluorescent tube, its spectrum is the continuous spectrum that has characteristic wavelength, but the half band-width broad of the emission spectrum characteristics wave band of such light source, look choosing for a certain material, just utilize very narrow a section in the fluorescent lamp spectrum, make that the capacity usage ratio of fluorescent lamp is lower, and be not the signal to noise ratio that the light energy of characteristic wavelength position may reduce signal.
Mostly be to adopt the light source of output single wavelength at present in the photoelectric color screening device of main flow, the mode that single detector is surveyed, for example the patent No. is US7,557,922, name is called in the United States Patent (USP) of " Detection system for use ina sorting apparatus; A method for determining drift in the detection system and asorting apparatus comprising such detection system " and discloses a kind of detection system, this detection system utilization detects material jointly from the optical signal of reference element reflection and from the optical signal of material scattering, thereby material is carried out sorting, though disclosing the light source number in this patent can be for a plurality of, the light wavelength of the light source output in this patent all is identical.If the sorting object that runs into material is complicated situation comparatively, material is in different wavelength location with spectral response signal difference maximum between the different sorting objects, and utilize the scheme of the light source of traditional single wavelength, it can not carry out sorting to comparatively complicated sorting object, is difficult to realize accurate sorting.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of laser sorting material device, can improve the capacity usage ratio of light source, object that can the sorting complexity.
For achieving the above object, one embodiment of the present of invention provide a kind of laser sorting material device, comprising: the laser instrument of a plurality of output different wavelengths of light, laser beam merging apparatus, a center have first speculum of aperture, rotatable polygonal mirror, laser beam splitter device, export the laser instrument corresponding photoelectric sensor of different wavelengths of light with each;
Wherein, described laser beam merging apparatus is used for the light of the different wave length of all laser instruments output is closed bundle output;
The described multiple different wavelength of laser that contains of closing behind the bundle through the laser beam merging apparatus is passed on the reflecting surface that the aperture at the first speculum center is incident to described polygonal mirror, and reflexes on the material;
The light of scattering reflexes to the laser beam splitter device through the reflecting surface of polygonal mirror, the reflecting surface of first speculum successively from material;
Described laser beam splitter device will be divided into the light of the wavelength that only has single wave band successively from the back scattered light of material, incide respectively in the corresponding photoelectric sensor, and described photoelectric sensor is used to collect the optical signal of corresponding wavelength.
Preferably, also comprise a background board, described background board is positioned at the rear of material.This background board provides datum for detecting material.
Preferably, also be provided for removing the diaphragm of veiling glare in the light path between the described laser beam merging apparatus and first speculum, can remove the laser beam merging apparatus like this and export veiling glare in the light beam in first speculum to.
Preferably, the image planes pin hole also is set before the light path of at least one photoelectric sensor.
Preferably, described image planes pin hole is close on the light receiving window of described photoelectric sensor.
Preferably, also be provided with one in the light path between described first speculum and the laser beam splitter device and assemble lens.
Preferably, the laser instrument of described a plurality of output different wavelengths of light comprises red laser, green (light) laser, blue laser and infrared laser;
Comprise in the described laser beam merging apparatus along optical path direction be obliquely installed successively saturating red anti-greenly close the bundle sheet, the anti-indigo plant that reveals the green is closed bundle sheet and saturating infrared anti-visible combiner sheet;
Wherein, the red laser of described red laser output sees through successively and saturating redly anti-greenly closes the bundle sheet, the anti-indigo plant that reveals the green is closed the bundle sheet, and reflects the laser beam merging apparatus through saturating infrared anti-visible combiner sheet; The green laser of described green (light) laser output closes the bundle sheet by the saturating red anti-green reflection and the anti-indigo plant that reveals the green of closing the bundle sheet, finally reflects the laser beam merging apparatus through saturating infrared anti-visible combiner sheet; The blue laser of described blue laser output closes the reflection of bundle sheet by the anti-indigo plant that reveals the green, and the saturating infrared anti-visible combiner sheet of final warp reflects the laser beam merging apparatus; The infrared laser of described infrared laser output directly sees through saturating infrared anti-visible combiner sheet, exports from the laser beam merging apparatus.
Preferably, comprise in the described laser beam splitter device along the tilted-putted successively anti-infrared visible light light-splitting sheet of optical path direction, anti-indigo plant reveal the green light splitting piece, anti-green red light splitting piece;
Described anti-infrared visible light light-splitting sheet will be from the infrared light reflection the light of material reflected back to corresponding photoelectric sensor, and sees through the light of other wavelength;
Described anti-indigo plant reveals the green light splitting piece will be through the blu-ray reflection in the light of anti-infrared visible light light-splitting sheet to corresponding photoelectric sensor, and sees through the light of other wavelength;
The green glow that the anti-indigo plant that will see through described anti-green red light splitting piece reveals the green in the light of light splitting piece reflexes in the corresponding photoelectric sensor, and sees through ruddiness, sees through the described anti-ruddiness of green red light splitting piece and is incident to corresponding photoelectric sensor.
Preferably, described photoelectric sensor is a photomultiplier.
Preferably, described laser instrument is solid-state laser, semiconductor laser or gas laser.
Preferably, according to the kind that sorting material comprised, open the laser instrument of respective wavelength.
The laser sorting material device that the embodiment of the invention provides can carry out accurate sorting to material, and the sorting object can be more complicated, and the capacity usage ratio of light source is higher.
Description of drawings
In order to be illustrated more clearly in the embodiment of the invention or technical scheme of the prior art, to do to introduce simply to the accompanying drawing of required use in embodiment or the description of the Prior Art below, apparently, accompanying drawing in describing below is some embodiments of the present invention, for those of ordinary skills, under the prerequisite of not paying creative work, can also obtain other accompanying drawing according to these accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of an embodiment of laser sorting material device provided by the invention;
Fig. 2 is the concrete structure schematic diagram of the polygonal mirror in the laser sorting material device in the embodiment of the invention.
The specific embodiment
For the purpose, technical scheme and the advantage that make the embodiment of the invention clearer, below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing in the embodiment of the invention, technical scheme in the embodiment of the invention is clearly and completely described, obviously, described embodiment is the present invention's part embodiment, rather than whole embodiment.Based on the embodiment among the present invention, those of ordinary skills belong to the scope of protection of the invention not making the every other embodiment that is obtained under the creative work prerequisite.
Fig. 1 shows the schematic diagram of an embodiment of laser sorting material device provided by the invention.As shown in Figure 1, this laser sorting material device comprises the laser instrument 1 of a plurality of output different wavelengths of light, laser beam merging apparatus 2, a center have aperture first speculum 4, polygonal mirror 5, laser beam splitter device 8 and with each laser output wavelength corresponding photoelectric sensor 10.
Because the light of the corresponding a kind of wavelength of every kind of sorting object of material therefore in practice, can be provided with according to all sorting objects of device possibility sorting and export the laser instrument of wavelength separately.For example in Fig. 1, comprise that with laser instrument the red laser 11 of output red laser, the green (light) laser 12 of output green laser, the blue laser 13 of output blue laser and the infrared laser 14 of output infrared light are example especially.
Above-mentioned each laser instrument can be solid-state laser, semiconductor laser or gas laser.
Laser beam merging apparatus 2 places the output light path of laser instrument, and receives the different wavelength of laser that contains of all laser instruments output, and it is closed bundle, obtains closing the multiple different wavelength of laser bundle that contains behind the bundle.Laser beam merging apparatus 2 can be combined by the bundle sheet that closes of the light of the light of the certain wavelength of a plurality of reflections and the certain wavelength of transmission.
The situation that for example comprises red laser 11, green (light) laser 12, blue laser 13 and infrared laser 14 for laser instrument, laser beam merging apparatus 2 can adopt the concrete structure among Fig. 1, promptly comprise along optical path direction be obliquely installed successively saturating red anti-greenly close bundle sheet 21, the anti-indigo plant that reveals the green is closed bundle sheet 22 and saturating infrared anti-visible combiner sheet 23.As shown in Figure 1, the red laser of red laser 11 output anti-greenly closes orientation that bundle sheet 21, the anti-indigo plant that reveals the green close bundle sheet 22 and saturating infrared anti-visible combiner sheet 23 and sees through successively and saturating redly anti-greenly close bundle sheet 21 and the anti-indigo plant that reveals the green is closed bundle sheet 22 along saturating red, and reflects laser beam merging apparatus 2 through saturating infrared anti-visible combiner sheet 23.The green laser of green laser 12 outputs incides red anti-green closing on the one side of restrainting the sheet 21 inclination object light path directions of propagation, through saturating red anti-green reflection of closing bundle sheet 21, and the anti-indigo plant that reveals the green close bundle sheet 22, final through saturating infrared instead as seen combiner sheet 23 reflect laser beam merging apparatus 2.The blue laser of blue laser 13 outputs is incident to the anti-indigo plant that reveals the green and closes on the one side of the bundle sheet 22 inclination object light path directions of propagation, closes the reflection of restrainting sheet 22 through the anti-indigo plant that reveals the green, and finally reflects laser beam merging apparatus 2 through saturating infrared anti-as seen combiner sheet 23.The infrared laser of infrared laser 14 outputs directly sees through saturating infrared anti-visible combiner sheet 23 and exports to outside the laser beam merging apparatus 2, by laser beam merging apparatus 2 synthetic a branch of and output with the laser of each laser instrument output.Need to prove that the internal structure of the laser beam merging apparatus 2 among Fig. 1 only is an object lesson, be not limited to adopt a plurality of combinations of closing the bundle sheet that the laser of multi-wavelength is closed bundle in practice, for example adopt the X prism.In addition, even if adopt a plurality of compound modes of closing the bundle sheet, close the front and back order of bundle between the sheet and also can select flexibly, promptly the closing Shu Shunxu and can select flexibly of the laser of multi-wavelength is not limited to the order among Fig. 1.
The laser that closes the multi-wavelength behind the bundle through laser beam merging apparatus 2 passes the aperture at first speculum, 4 centers, is incident on the reflecting surface of polygonal mirror 5, and the reflection through this reflecting surface reflexes on the material 15, and part laser is by material 15 scatterings.The light of scattering passes through the reflecting surface of polygonal mirror 5, the reflecting surface of first speculum 4 successively from the material 15, reflexes in the laser beam splitter device 8.Because the different sorting objects in the material 15 are to the absorption or the scattering difference of different wavelength of laser, therefore from the back scattered information that will have material sorting object the multiple different wavelength of laser that contains in material 15 each positions.
In the light path between the laser beam merging apparatus 2 and first speculum 4 diaphragm 3 can be set preferably, the veiling glare of the light beam after closing bundle through laser beam merging apparatus 2 can be removed by this diaphragm 3.
In addition, at the rear of material 15 background board 6 is set also, this background board 6 assists the datum that detects material is provided, and for example is adjusted into the catoptrical brightness of backlight consistent with the brightness of good material scattered light.
Fig. 2 shows the concrete structure schematic diagram of polygonal mirror, polygonal mirror 5 rotates around rotating shaft 52 with stable angular speed under the control of polygonal mirror control circuit 54, close on the working surface 53 that laser behind the bundle incides polygonal mirror 5 and be reflected onto a certain position of material 15 through laser beam merging apparatus 2, laser reflexes to the position of material 15 through polygonal mirror 5 corresponding one by one with the anglec of rotation of polygonal mirror 5, rotation along with polygonal mirror 5, reflex to laser line sweep on material 15 on the material 15 through polygonal mirror, polygonal mirror control circuit 54 can feed back to the anglec of rotation of polygonal mirror 5 other associated components.In Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, polygonal mirror is six speculums, can also be the polygonal mirror that octahedral speculum, ten speculums etc. have other number reflectings surface in practice.
Also preferably be provided with one in the light path between first speculum 4 and laser beam splitter device 8 and assemble lens 7.The scattered light that this convergent lens 7 is collected on the material 15 of polygonal mirror 5 reflections, and enter in the laser beam splitter device 8.
Laser beam splitter device 8 will be divided into the light that only has single wave band successively from material 15 back scattered light, incide respectively in the corresponding photoelectric sensor 10, and each photoelectric sensor is used to collect the optical signal of corresponding wavelength, and converts thereof into the signal of telecommunication.
For example comprise the situation of red laser 11, green (light) laser 12, blue laser 13 and infrared laser 14 for laser instrument, laser beam splitter device 8 can adopt as the concrete structure among Fig. 1.This laser beam splitter device 8 comprises: anti-infrared visible light light-splitting sheet 81, the anti-indigo plant that is obliquely installed successively along optical path direction reveal the green light splitting piece 82 and anti-green red light splitting piece 83.The laser of returning from material 15 scatterings that incides in the laser beam splitter device 8 at first arrives anti-infrared visible light light-splitting sheet 81, anti-infrared visible light light-splitting sheet 81 is with in the extremely corresponding photoelectric sensor 101 of infrared light reflection wherein, and the light of other wavelength sees through from anti-infrared visible light light-splitting sheet 81.Anti-indigo plant reveals the green light splitting piece 82 will be through the blu-ray reflection in the light of anti-infrared visible light light-splitting sheet 81 to corresponding photoelectric sensor 102, and the light of other wavelength sees through from the anti-indigo plant light splitting piece 82 that reveals the green.Anti-green red light splitting piece 83 will reflex in the corresponding photoelectric sensor 103 through the green glow that anti-indigo plant reveals the green in the light of light splitting piece 82, and ruddiness sees through from the anti-indigo plant light splitting piece 82 that reveals the green.Seeing through the reveal the green ruddiness of light splitting piece 82 of anti-indigo plant incides in the corresponding photoelectric sensor 104.Need to prove, the structure of the laser beam splitter device 8 among Fig. 1 only is an object lesson, in practice, putting in order in the light splitting piece in the laser beam splitter device 8 can be adjusted flexibly, and promptly the order that the light of each wavelength is carried out beam split also is adjustable.
Like this, polygonal mirror 5 whenever rotates to an angle position, each photoelectric detector can detect the optical signal of each wavelength of scattering from the position of material 15, judge the concrete condition of material 15 diverse locations on this basis, whether the position that for example can judge current scanning exists foreign matter, according to user's selection, it is rejected from material 15 automatically then.Rotation along with polygonal mirror 5, gradually change from the irradiation position of light on material 15 of the multi-wavelength of laser beam merging apparatus output, realize the scanning of illumination light to material 15, corresponding, each photoelectric sensor also constantly receives the optical signal that reflects from material 15 diverse locations.In the process that material 15 is scanned, from the multi-wavelength's of laser beam merging apparatus output laser is not the Zone Full that illuminates material 15 all the time, but only irradiation is certain regional, the size in this zone is also just checked the back scattered optical signal in this subregion for illumination width, corresponding photoelectric sensor.No matter owing to be the Zone Full that illuminates material 15 all the time, still each only illuminates the part zone of material 15 constantly, the user always wants the subregion that the light of material 15 scatterings is checked, and all is not utilized and wastes for the light that shines material 15 other regional locations; Owing to only illuminate the subregion of material 15 in the embodiment of the invention from the multi-wavelength's of laser beam merging apparatus output light at every turn, and photoelectric detector also can be gathered the light of this subregion scattering simultaneously, and this has just improved the capacity usage ratio to laser instrument output light.
In embodiments of the present invention, photoelectric sensor preferably adopts photomultiplier (PMT, Photomultiplier Tube), photomultiplier highly sensitive, bandwidth is wide, can catch more small signal difference, improves the precision to the choosing of material look.
In addition, in order to control the resolution ratio that the optical signal of material diverse location is gathered, can image planes pin hole 9 be set before the light path of at least one photoelectric sensor, in Fig. 1 for corresponding image planes pin hole 91~94 all is set before the photoelectric sensor 101~104 that receives infrared light, green glow, blue light and ruddiness respectively.Because the setting of image planes pin hole, the light that makes photoelectric sensor all can be incident to its light receiving window is all gathered, especially when beam diameter is big, can cause the resolution ratio of system to descend, can incide the diameter of the light beam in the photoelectric sensor this moment by the control of image planes pin hole, can check the information of the more details of material diverse location thus, improve the resolution ratio of system.In practice, above-mentioned image planes pin hole can be close on the light receiving window of photoelectric sensor.
In Fig. 1, laser instrument 1, laser beam merging apparatus 2, diaphragm 3, polygonal mirror 5 have constituted illumination path, and polygonal mirror 5, first speculum 4, convergent lens 7, laser beam splitter device 8, image planes pin hole 9 and photoelectric detector 10 have constituted light signal collection and photoelectric conversion device.Illumination width to material 15 is determined by the working face number of polygonal mirror 5 and the distance between polygonal mirror 5 and the material 15.The pore size of collection light path is determined by working surface, speculum 4, the Outside Dimensions of lens 7, each beam splitting chip size in the laser beam splitter device 8 and all elements distance each other of gathering in the light path of polygonal mirror 5.
The light source that is adopted in the sorting material device that the embodiment of the invention provides is output different wavelength of laser device, owing to infrared light corresponding laser instrument is arranged all from ultraviolet light, visible light at present, so the light source of laser sorting material device selects to have very large space.In addition, because the good directionality and the concentration of energy of laser, therefore laser can interact when surface that penetrates material and inside, the foundation of sorting can comprise surface color, fluorescent effect and the near infrared absorption etc. of material, this makes the kind of sorting object obtain very big expansion, for example can distinguish material by absorption line and the scattering properties of judging material in practice.
In addition, because the laser spectrum of laser instrument output is narrower, therefore according to the laser instrument of every kind of corresponding output wavelength of sorting Object Selection, these laser array are lumped together and can carry out sorting to different types of sorting object in the material simultaneously, improved the precision and the scope of sorting.And can open the laser instrument of respective wavelength according to the kind that sorting material comprised, like this, the energy on each spectrum of each laser instrument output light nearly all is used for the object of the corresponding kind of sorting fully, has improved the capacity usage ratio of light source.
In addition, overlap with light path part between the material at polygonal mirror in illumination path in the laser sorting unit in the embodiment of the invention and the signals collecting light path, like this can be so that the more compact structure of whole device reduces volume.
The above only is a preferred implementation of the present invention; should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, under the prerequisite that does not break away from the principle of the invention; can also make some improvements and modifications, these improvements and modifications also should be considered as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (11)
1. laser sorting material device, it is characterized in that, comprising: the laser instrument of a plurality of output different wavelengths of light, laser beam merging apparatus, a center have first speculum of aperture, rotatable polygonal mirror, laser beam splitter device, export the laser instrument corresponding photoelectric sensor of different wavelengths of light with each;
Wherein, described laser beam merging apparatus is used for the light of the different wave length of all laser instruments output is closed bundle output;
The described multiple different wavelength of laser that contains of closing behind the bundle through the laser beam merging apparatus is passed on the reflecting surface that the aperture at the first speculum center is incident to described polygonal mirror, and reflexes on the material;
The light of scattering reflexes to the laser beam splitter device through the reflecting surface of polygonal mirror, the reflecting surface of first speculum successively from material;
Described laser beam splitter device will be divided into the light of the wavelength that only has single wave band successively from the back scattered light of material, incide respectively in the corresponding photoelectric sensor, and described photoelectric sensor is used to collect the optical signal of corresponding wavelength.
2. laser sorting material device according to claim 1 is characterized in that also comprise a background board, described background board is positioned at the rear of material.
3. laser sorting material device according to claim 1 is characterized in that, also is provided for removing the diaphragm of veiling glare in the light path between the described laser beam merging apparatus and first speculum.
4. laser sorting material device according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the image planes pin hole also is set before the light path of at least one photoelectric sensor.
5. laser sorting material device according to claim 4 is characterized in that described image planes pin hole is close on the light receiving window of described photoelectric sensor.
6. laser sorting material device according to claim 1 is characterized in that, also is provided with one in the light path between described first speculum and the laser beam splitter device and assembles lens.
7. according to any described laser sorting material device in the claim 1 to 6, it is characterized in that the laser instrument of described a plurality of output different wavelengths of light comprises red laser, green (light) laser, blue laser and infrared laser;
Comprise in the described laser beam merging apparatus along optical path direction be obliquely installed successively saturating red anti-greenly close the bundle sheet, the anti-indigo plant that reveals the green is closed bundle sheet and saturating infrared anti-visible combiner sheet;
Wherein, the red laser of described red laser output sees through successively and saturating redly anti-greenly closes the bundle sheet, the anti-indigo plant that reveals the green is closed the bundle sheet, and reflects the laser beam merging apparatus through saturating infrared anti-visible combiner sheet; The green laser of described green (light) laser output closes the bundle sheet by the saturating red anti-green reflection and the anti-indigo plant that reveals the green of closing the bundle sheet, finally reflects the laser beam merging apparatus through saturating infrared anti-visible combiner sheet; The blue laser of described blue laser output closes the reflection of bundle sheet by the anti-indigo plant that reveals the green, and the saturating infrared anti-visible combiner sheet of final warp reflects the laser beam merging apparatus; The infrared laser of described infrared laser output directly sees through saturating infrared anti-visible combiner sheet, exports from the laser beam merging apparatus.
8. laser sorting material device according to claim 7 is characterized in that, comprises in the described laser beam splitter device along the tilted-putted successively anti-infrared visible light light-splitting sheet of optical path direction, anti-indigo plant reveal the green light splitting piece, anti-green red light splitting piece;
Described anti-infrared visible light light-splitting sheet will be from the infrared light reflection the light of material reflected back to corresponding photoelectric sensor, and sees through the light of other wavelength;
Described anti-indigo plant reveals the green light splitting piece will be through the blu-ray reflection in the light of anti-infrared visible light light-splitting sheet to corresponding photoelectric sensor, and sees through the light of other wavelength;
The green glow that the anti-indigo plant that will see through described anti-green red light splitting piece reveals the green in the light of light splitting piece reflexes in the corresponding photoelectric sensor, and sees through ruddiness, sees through the described anti-ruddiness of green red light splitting piece and is incident to corresponding photoelectric sensor.
9. according to any described laser sorting material device in the claim 1 to 6, it is characterized in that described photoelectric sensor is a photomultiplier.
10. according to any described laser sorting material device in the claim 1 to 6, it is characterized in that described laser instrument is solid-state laser, semiconductor laser or gas laser.
11. according to any described laser sorting material device in the claim 1 to 6, it is characterized in that,, open the laser instrument of respective wavelength according to the kind that sorting material comprised.
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