CN102064662B - Resonant type permanent magnet linear generator - Google Patents
Resonant type permanent magnet linear generator Download PDFInfo
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- CN102064662B CN102064662B CN 201110028062 CN201110028062A CN102064662B CN 102064662 B CN102064662 B CN 102064662B CN 201110028062 CN201110028062 CN 201110028062 CN 201110028062 A CN201110028062 A CN 201110028062A CN 102064662 B CN102064662 B CN 102064662B
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Abstract
The invention provides a resonant type permanent magnet linear generator comprising stator structures and rotor structures. The resonant type permanent magnet linear generator is characterized in that the rotor structures are arranged in magnetic shield casings of the stator structures and are positioned on the other sides of the magnetic shield casings, which are opposite to the stator structures, or are positioned between two or among more stator structures; permanent magnet arrays in the rotor structures provide magnetic fields; windings in the stator structures slide in a variable magnetic field to generate the induced electromotive force; a chute structure is arranged on one side of each rotor structure; and the windings of the stators slide in the chute structure relative to the rotors. The resonant type permanent magnet linear generator disclosed by the invention has the advantages of simple structure, low cost, high generated electrical energy, easiness of constructing and integrating and convenience of carrying.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the magnet generation technology, more specifically, the present invention relates to a kind of linear electric generator, charging device and a kind of battery.
Background technology
Usually, portable electric appts such as mobile phone, portable audio video player, digital camera, head lamp all needs self to have battery, can use when leaving external power source.This battery is generally the noble metals such as NI-G, lithium electricity, and cost is high, reclaims difficulty, and environment is caused irreversible infringement.In general, the connector of charging use is set all on portable electric appts, comes charging portable electronic apparatus by this connector connection external power source or external charger, and need not take out battery.
For portable electric appts, usually use industrial power as external power supply, but out of doors, the way in, be difficult to utilize industrial power that this equipment is charged, but can use the Blast Furnace Top Gas Recovery Turbine Unit (TRT) of dry cell, waterpower, wind-force or firepower.Yet the energy conversion efficiency of these equipment is low, and the equipment own vol is large,, can't collect under the milliampere level lower than 1 volt for voltage, causes significant wastage.Special in the high-frequency operating position of current consumption electronics, the battery of portable consumer electronics self can not provide enough electric energy far away, use for the user, often make the user carry the polylith battery or seek charger everywhere, having affected people's communication or other needs and causes great waste.
Existing small-sized electric generating apparatus can also be converted to electric energy with the kinetic energy of rotation, adopt the mode of rotating to make coil cutting magnetic line produce electromotive force in coil and realize generating, this traditional generation mode that rotatablely moves is applied in the people certainly as in motive various Portable power generation devices, but its complex structure, manufacture difficulty are large, operate not convenient, generating efficiency is low, be unfavorable for producing in enormous quantities cheaply, be difficult to be widely used in life as small power generation equipment.
Linear motor is a kind of motor that stator and rotor are derived of cutting open and launch by longitudinal divisions from normal asynchronous, its operation principle is along with uniform rectilinear motion rather than rotatablely moves to produce magnetic field, in asynchronous linear motor, induction coil is generation current on armature, and the interaction between electric current and induced field produces electric induction and generates electricity.But the required precision of the directivity of the motion of such generator is high, it is complicated to realize, the electric weight that produces is less, and the common electric weight that produced in three or four hours was not enough to use five minutes, uses in practice to be difficult to play a role.
Summary of the invention
For fear of above-mentioned various defectives of the prior art, the present invention proposes a kind of straight line resonant generator and charging device.
According to an aspect of the present invention, a kind of Structure of mover of resonant type permanent magnet linear generator is provided, the non-magnet material that comprises permanent magnetic material and this permanent magnetic material of coating, this permanent magnetic material is arranged in non-magnet material uniformly for two or strip, the bulk or oval block of polylith by the non-magnet material interval.
According to a second aspect of the invention, provide a kind of stator structure of resonant type permanent magnet linear generator, comprise every magnetic shell, stator core, winding and Epoxy Resin envelope; Stator core, winding and Epoxy Resin envelope are arranged in the side in the magnetic shell, stator core is attached to the sidewall every the magnetic shell, winding is positioned at the inside of stator core, and the outside link of winding is positioned at the opening part of stator core, and the Epoxy Resin envelope seals winding.
According to a third aspect of the invention we, a kind of resonant type permanent magnet linear generator is provided, comprise stator structure and Structure of mover, Structure of mover be arranged in stator structure in the magnetic shell, be arranged in every the opposite side of magnetic shell with respect to stator structure, perhaps be positioned at the centre of two or more stator structures; Permanent magnet in Structure of mover provides magnetic field, and the winding in stator structure produces induced electromotive force in variable magnetic field.
According to a forth aspect of the invention, a kind of resonance type permanent magnetic linear power generation charger is provided, comprise resonant type permanent magnet linear generator and electronic control system, described generator comprises stator structure and Structure of mover, Structure of mover be arranged in stator structure every the magnetic shell, be arranged in every the opposite side of magnetic shell with respect to stator structure, perhaps be positioned at the centre of two or more stator structures; Permanent magnet in Structure of mover provides magnetic field, and the winding in stator structure produces induced electromotive force in variable magnetic field; Described electronic control system comprises the EMI module, rectification module, voltage-multiplying circuit, Voltage stabilizing module and super capacitor circuit.
According to a fifth aspect of the invention, a kind of self-charging battery is provided, comprise resonant type permanent magnet linear generator, electronic control system and super capacitor, it is characterized in that, described generator comprises stator structure and Structure of mover, Structure of mover be included in stator structure in the magnetic shell, be arranged in every the opposite side of magnetic shell with respect to stator structure, perhaps be positioned at the centre of two or more stator structures; Permanent magnet in Structure of mover provides magnetic field, and the winding in stator structure produces induced electromotive force in variable magnetic field; Described electronic control system comprises the EMI module, rectification module, voltage-multiplying circuit and Voltage stabilizing module; The super capacitor circuit is used for stored charge and comes to be power electronic equipment.
Generating of the present invention, charging and cell apparatus make that people can walk, just can be to charging portable electronic apparatus on outdoor, vehicle, this equipment simplicity of design, structure are ingeniously little, not only easy to carry, exempted and need special external charge power supplys, lose time to charge and the puzzlement of emergent charging when going out, also realized the possibility that to charge at any time.Device of the present invention builds conveniently, uses energy-saving and environmental protection, more low-carbon (LC).
Blast Furnace Top Gas Recovery Turbine Unit (TRT) of the present invention is except can be used for generating, charging, can also be used for electronic equipment as a permanent battery uses, and the needs that electronic equipment self is furnished with battery have been exempted, and this battery no longer needs external power supply to charge, and power with self generating, environmental protection and saving cost more.Blast Furnace Top Gas Recovery Turbine Unit (TRT) of the present invention can be used for the application of all milliamperes level electrical equipment, portable player and all portable electric appts such as mobile phone, electric shaver, digital camera.In addition, Blast Furnace Top Gas Recovery Turbine Unit (TRT) of the present invention can be made external or embedded.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 illustrates the functional block diagram of resonance type permanent magnetic linear power generation charger;
Fig. 2 illustrates the Structure of mover of resonant mode linear permanent-magnet generator;
Fig. 3 illustrates the Structure of mover of part hollow out;
Fig. 4 illustrates the schematic diagram of resonance mover and sliding groove structure;
Fig. 5 illustrates single-phase monolateral flat-type permanent magnet linear generator stator structure;
Fig. 6 illustrates two groups of independently single-phase monolateral flat-type permanent magnet linear generator stator structures;
Fig. 7 illustrates single-phase bilateral flat-type permanent magnet linear generator stator structure;
Fig. 8 illustrates the independent single-phase bilateral flat-type permanent magnet linear electric generator structure of many groups;
Fig. 9 illustrates single-phase monolateral flat-type permanent magnet linear generator general assembly schematic diagram;
Figure 10 illustrates bilateral flat-type permanent magnet linear generator general assembly schematic diagram;
Figure 11 illustrates the overall construction drawing of electronic control system;
Figure 12 illustrates the circuit theory diagrams of electronic control system;
Figure 13 illustrates linear permanent-magnet generator 2d solid model;
Figure 14 illustrates monolateral flat-type permanent magnet linear generator two dimension modeling physical model;
Figure 15 illustrates bilateral flat-type permanent magnet linear generator two dimension modeling physical model
Figure 16 illustrates monolateral flat-type permanent magnet linear generator magnetic flux density;
Figure 17 illustrates unloaded induced electromotive force;
Figure 18 illustrates the analysis of load-sensing electromotive force;
Figure 19 illustrates the resonant type permanent magnet linear generator three-dimensional entity model;
Figure 20 illustrates the schematic diagram of magnetic flux density;
Figure 21 illustrates the schematic diagram of permanent magnet linear generator equivalent electric circuit and load;
Figure 22 illustrates the load voltage analysis;
Figure 23 illustrates the load current analysis;
Figure 24 illustrates single phase winding winding mover assembly example;
Figure 25 illustrates double-flanged end Halbach magnet array permanent magnet linear generator general assembly example schematic;
Figure 26 illustrates Halbach magnet array mounting means example.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, a kind of generator provided by the invention and charging device are described in detail.
Existing portable electric generator charging device great majority belong to hand-operated electric generator, to portable electronics, when electronic product charges, at least need to use hand traverse generator charging device 30 minutes, could allow electronics, electric equipment products that the power consumption of certain service time is provided.The purpose of this invention is to provide the external power-generation charging device that is applied to milliampere the level electronic apparatus or be directly embedded into electronic apparatus inside.
Fig. 1 illustrates the charging device with resonant type permanent magnet linear generator, and as shown in Figure 1, this charging device comprises permanent magnet linear generator, electronic control system, super capacitor circuit and battery.Wherein, the permanent magnetic vibration linear electric generator is connected with electronic control system, be used for producing induced electromotive force by the generator mover with respect to the rectilinear motion of stator, after electronic control system is carried out filtering, rectification, multiplication of voltage, voltage stabilizing processing with the induced electromotive force from the permanent magnetic vibration linear electric generator that receives, get suitable burning voltage, be input to the super capacitor circuit, with charge storage in super capacitor.The battery of this super capacitor attachment portable electric appts, thus this battery charging given.
In another embodiment, charging device with resonant type permanent magnet linear generator comprises permanent magnetic vibration linear electric generator, electronic control system and super capacitor circuit, and do not comprise the battery shown in figure, this super capacitor circuit directly is connected with power consumption equipment, as the electric supply installation (for example battery) of this power consumption equipment (for example portable consumer electronic device).Wherein, the permanent magnetic vibration linear electric generator is connected with electronic control system, be used for producing induced electromotive force by the generator mover with respect to the rectilinear motion of stator, after electronic control system is carried out filtering, rectification, multiplication of voltage, voltage stabilizing processing with the induced electromotive force from the permanent magnetic vibration linear electric generator that receives, get suitable burning voltage, be input to the super capacitor circuit, with charge storage in super capacitor.This super capacitor is directly power devices as the electric supply installation of equipment.At this moment, this charging device is not only for charging, more mainly self-charging and power supply is combined, and especially when the capacitance of super capacitor is enough large, can be used as power supply fully and uses.
Fig. 2 illustrates the front section view of the Structure of mover of resonant mode linear permanent-magnet generator, wherein, for the platypelloid type linear electric generator, as shown in Figure 2, comprise the non-magnet material of permanent magnetic material and this permanent magnetic material of coating, this non-magnet material can be cheap stainless steel material.Wherein, permanent magnetic material is strip and block, is arranged in stainless steel material.The permanent magnetic material that is appreciated that this strip and block is not limited to three shown in figure, is only example shown in figure, and this permanent magnetic material can be two or polylith.In one embodiment, this permanent magnetic material is arranged as strip.In another embodiment, this permanent magnetic material is arranged as nahlock shape or oval block.In yet another embodiment, be arranged as in stainless steel material irregularly shaped.It is convenient to be appreciated that according to making, and the shape of this permanent magnetic material can be selected arbitrarily.Being arranged in the situation of only using two permanent magnetic material pieces of this permanent magnetic material in addition expected evenly as far as possible, and relation each other is balanced as far as possible.And when using a plurality of permanent magnetic material piece, the distance between the permanent magnetic material piece or mutual alignment relation can be inhomogeneous, and be better if certainly uniform words allow magnetic be evenly distributed.Permanent magnetic material is selected the hard magnetic material such as neodymium iron boron, nickel cobalt, and does not select soft magnetic material.This permanent magnetic material shared volume ratio in non-magnet material can be selected according to cost of manufacture, magnetic flexible in size.
When making mover of the present invention, at first stainless steel substrate by the punching press hollow out, form required hollow shape, this hollow shape is corresponding to the shape of above-mentioned permanent magnetic material piece; Then, the permanent magnetic material powder is made suitable shape and size with bonding or sintering process, magnetize; Permanent magnetic material after magnetizing edge (or bonding) in the hollow out of stainless steel substrate, is applied the monoblock mover or electroplate afterwards, thereby, the globality of maintenance mover.
As shown in Figure 2, the mover substrate is tabular, and non-annularity belongs to the mover mechanism of the linear electric motors of standard type.Mover substrate of the present invention is positioned at outside stator, and for the inclined to one side flat line motor of double-flanged end, and this mover substrate is between two stators, but not within including stator.What permanent magnetic material was selected use is hard magnetic material, the magnet that has namely magnetized, but not the soft magnetic material that can not magnetize.
In actual applications, especially when the charging device that is used for the portable consumer electronics or power supply unit, need the weight of further reduction equipment.In the present embodiment, by the part hollow out of stainless steel substrate being reduced the weight of mover substrate.As shown in Figure 3, permanent magnetic material 1 is coated in stainless steel substrate 2, engraves out a plurality of dead slots in the centre of stainless steel substrate 2.This dead slot should not be communicated with permanent magnetic material, and only carries out hollow out in the centre of stainless steel substrate.This dead slot can arrange the structure of different size and shapes as required.This dead slot evenly arranges, so that stator movement is balanced.
Fig. 4 illustrates the overall structure of resonance mover, and this harmonic motion minor structure comprises mover substrate and sliding groove structure, and the mover substrate is between sliding groove structure.The mover substrate namely comprises the non-magnetic substrate of permanent magnet.As shown in Figure 4, generally speaking, this harmonic motion minor structure comprises commutation spring 1, resonant springs 2, permanent magnet and stainless steel mover substrate 3, U-shaped chute 4 and ball 5.The U-shaped coulisse is positioned at the both sides of mover substrate, in the U-shaped chute, ball is set, the mover substrate is interposed in the U-shaped chute, the end of mover substrate contacts with ball, slide up and down in the U-shaped chute, two U-shaped chute two ends use that connecting plate is corresponding to be connected, and at each two ends of two U-shaped chutes, the commutation spring are set, and between mover substrate and two connecting plates, resonant springs are set respectively.The mover substrate slides in the U-shaped chute, arrives the end of U-shaped chute, and the commutation spring of end collides, bounce-back, reverse slide.Simultaneously, mover substrate compacting resonant springs produces resonance.
Below describe the structure of stator, for resonant type permanent magnet linear generator stator core form, permanent magnet linear generator can be made monolateral platypelloid type or bilateral platypelloid type, and winding can be single-phase, two-phase, three-phase.Permanent magnet linear generator can be made single-phase, two-phase and three-phase, also can make several single-phase then serial or parallel connections.
Fig. 5 illustrates single-phase monolateral flat-type permanent magnet linear generator stator structure, and as shown in Figure 5, this stator structure comprises every magnetic shell 1, stator core 2, winding 3 and Epoxy Resin envelope 4.Wherein, stator core 2 is half opening or open.Winding 3 can be enamelled wire winding or printed coil.Stator core 2, winding 3 and Epoxy Resin envelope 4 sides that are arranged in magnetic shell 1 be generally rectangle every magnetic shell 1, but these are not limited to make square, ellipse or other shapes, and are vacant every the opposite side of magnetic shell 1.Stator core 2 is attached to the sidewall every magnetic shell 1, and winding 3 is positioned at the inside of stator core 2, and the outside link of winding 3 is positioned at half opening or the open place of stator core 2.Epoxy Resin envelope 4 is with winding 3 sealings.
Fig. 6 illustrates two groups of independent single-phase monolateral flat-type permanent magnet linear generator stator structures, as shown in Figure 6, this stator structure comprises two groups of independently single-phase monolateral flat-type permanent magnet linear generator stator structures, be appreciated that this stator structure can comprise independently single-phase monolateral flat-type permanent magnet linear generator stator structure of many groups.Many groups independently single-phase monolateral flat-type permanent magnet linear generator stator structure can in parallel or series connection output, and namely the winding in each single-phase monolateral flat-type permanent magnet linear generator stator structure can be connected or be in parallel.Wherein, every group of single-phase monolateral flat-type permanent magnet linear generator stator structure comprises every magnetic shell 1, stator core 2 and winding 3.Winding uses the Epoxy Resin envelope.Wherein, stator core 2 is half opening or open.Winding 3 can be enamelled wire winding or printed coil.Stator core 2, winding 3 are arranged in the side in magnetic shell 1, are generally rectangle every magnetic shell 1, but this is not limited to make square, ellipse or other shapes, and be vacant every the opposite side space of magnetic shell 1.Stator core 2 is attached to the sidewall every magnetic shell 1, and winding 3 is positioned at the inside of stator core 2, and the outside link of winding 3 is positioned at half opening or the open place of stator core 2.Between adjacent two single-phase monolateral flat-type permanent magnet linear generator stator structures, arrange NULL plate 4, be used for the magnetic disturbance between blocking-up adjacent stators structure.
Fig. 7 illustrates single-phase bilateral flat-type permanent magnet linear generator stator structure.As shown in Figure 7, this stator structure comprises two groups of single-phase monolateral flat-type permanent magnet linear generator stator structures, each single-phase monolateral flat-type permanent magnet linear generator stator structure lays respectively at the opposite side every magnetic shell 1, be attached to respectively on the sidewall of magnetic shell 1, hollow between two single-phase monolateral flat-type permanent magnet linear generator stator structures leaves the space of placing mover.Wherein, every group of single-phase monolateral flat-type permanent magnet linear generator stator structure comprises every magnetic shell 1, stator core 2 and winding 3.Winding uses the Epoxy Resin envelope.Wherein, stator core 2 is half opening or open.Winding 3 can be enamelled wire winding or printed coil.Stator core 2, winding 3 are arranged in the sidewall in magnetic shell 1, are generally rectangle every magnetic shell 1, but this is not limited to make square, ellipse or other shapes.Stator core 2 is attached to the side every magnetic shell 1, and winding 3 is positioned at the inside of stator core 2, and the outside link of winding 3 is positioned at half opening or the open place of stator core 2.
Fig. 8 illustrates the independent single-phase bilateral flat-type permanent magnet linear electric generator structure of many groups, as shown in Figure 6, this stator structure comprises two groups of independently single-phase bilateral flat-type permanent magnet linear generator stator structures, be appreciated that this stator structure can comprise independently single-phase bilateral flat-type permanent magnet linear generator stator structure of many groups.Each single-phase bilateral flat-type permanent magnet linear generator stator structure lays respectively at the opposite side every magnetic shell 1, be attached to respectively on the sidewall of magnetic shell 1, hollow between two or more single-phase bilateral flat-type permanent magnet linear generator stator structures leaves the space of placing mover.Many groups independently single-phase monolateral flat-type permanent magnet linear generator stator structure can in parallel or series connection output, and namely the winding in each single-phase monolateral flat-type permanent magnet linear generator stator structure can be connected or be in parallel.Equally, many groups independently single-phase bilateral flat-type permanent magnet linear generator stator structure can in parallel or series connection output, and namely the winding in each single-phase bilateral flat-type permanent magnet linear generator stator structure can be connected or be in parallel.Wherein, every group of single-phase monolateral flat-type permanent magnet linear generator stator structure comprises every magnetic shell 1, stator core 2 and winding 3.Winding uses the Epoxy Resin envelope.Wherein, stator core 2 is half opening or open.Winding 3 can be enamelled wire winding or printed coil.Stator core 2, winding 3 are arranged in the side in magnetic shell 1, are generally rectangle every magnetic shell 1, but this is not limited to make square, ellipse or other shapes, and be vacant every the opposite side space of magnetic shell 1.Stator core 2 is attached to the sidewall every magnetic shell 1, and winding 3 is positioned at the inside of stator core 2, and the outside link of winding 3 is positioned at half opening or the open place of stator core 2.Between adjacent two single-phase monolateral flat-type permanent magnet linear generator stator structures, arrange NULL plate 4, be used for the magnetic disturbance between blocking-up adjacent stators structure.
Below describe total assembling structure of resonant mode permanent magnet generator, wherein, Fig. 9 illustrates single-phase monolateral flat-type permanent magnet linear generator general assembly schematic diagram.As shown in Figure 9, this generator comprises stator structure and Structure of mover, wherein, Structure of mover be included in stator structure in magnetic shell 1, be arranged in every the opposite side of magnetic shell 1 with respect to stator structure.Structure of mover and arrange auxiliary iron yoke between magnetic shell 1 is used for reducing the transversal electromagnetic force of Structure of mover.
As shown in Figure 9, this stator structure comprises every magnetic shell 1, stator core 2, winding 3 and Epoxy Resin envelope 4.Wherein, stator core 2 is half opening or open.Winding 3 can be enamelled wire winding or printed coil.Stator core 2, winding 3 and Epoxy Resin envelope 4 sides that are arranged in magnetic shell 1 be generally rectangle every magnetic shell 1, but these are not limited to make square, ellipse or other shapes, and are vacant every the opposite side space of magnetic shell 1.Stator core 2 is attached to the side every magnetic shell 1, and winding 3 is positioned at the inside of stator core 2, and the outside link of winding 3 is positioned at half opening or the open place of stator core 2.Epoxy Resin envelope 4 is with winding 3 sealings.
Structure of mover shown in Figure 9 is with side cutaway view shown in Figure 4, is only signal shown in accompanying drawing, is not the restriction to shape.Wherein, Structure of mover shown in Figure 9 comprises mover substrate and sliding groove structure, and the mover substrate is between sliding groove structure.As shown in Figure 9, this harmonic motion minor structure comprises commutation spring, resonant springs 5, Nd-Fe-B permanent magnet and stainless steel mover substrate 6, U-shaped chute and ball (not shown).The U-shaped coulisse is positioned at the both sides of mover substrate, in the U-shaped chute, ball is set, the mover substrate is interposed in the U-shaped chute, the end of mover substrate contacts with ball, slide up and down in the U-shaped chute, two U-shaped chute two ends use that connecting plate is corresponding to be connected, and at each two ends of two U-shaped chutes, the commutation spring are set, and between mover substrate and two connecting plates, resonant springs are set respectively.The mover substrate slides in the U-shaped chute, arrives the end of U-shaped chute, and the commutation spring of end collides, bounce-back, reverse slide.Simultaneously, mover substrate compacting resonant springs produces resonance.
Wherein, be the shell of resonance permanent magnet linear generator and the fixed frame of internal mechanical parts every magnetic shell 1, have every the magnetic function, prevent that the magnetic field of permanent magnetic material is on the impact of electronic circuit.Stator core 2 can be the silicon steel plate stacking iron core.Coil windings 3 can be enamelled wire winding or printed coil, as the winding of permanent magnet generator.Resonant springs 5 is used for when vibration, mechanical energy being converted to kinetic energy, makes the slide block mover produce resonance.Permanent magnet 6 is for linear electric generator provides magnetic field, and winding can produce induced electromotive force in variable magnetic field; Stainless steel substrate is as the Nd-Fe-B permanent magnet supporting body, and forms together sliding substrate.In addition, each parts can be fastening with dormant bolt, in advance built on magnetic shell 1 or one-body molded in advance.
On structure, Structure of mover need not to support pedestal, and stator structure does not need electromagnet, without electromagnetic actuation force, but outerly vibrates to drive mover.The mechanical energy that resonant springs relies on external vibration produces harmonic moving, is not restoring force.
Figure 10 illustrates the total assembling structure of bilateral flat-type permanent magnet linear generator, as shown in figure 10, this generator comprises stator structure and Structure of mover, wherein, Structure of mover be included in stator structure in magnetic shell 1, be arranged in every the centre of magnetic shell 1 with respect to two stator structures, by two stator structure clampings, perhaps be fixed on the two ends of shell.
As shown in figure 10, this stator structure comprises every magnetic shell 1, stator core 2, winding 3 and Epoxy Resin envelope 4.Wherein, stator core 2 is half opening or open.Winding 3 can be enamelled wire winding or printed coil.Stator core 2, winding 3 and Epoxy Resin envelope 4 sides that are arranged in magnetic shell 1 be generally rectangle every magnetic shell 1, but these are not limited to make square, ellipse or other shapes, every the opposite side of magnetic shell 1 equally as layout.Stator core 2 is attached to the side every magnetic shell 1, and winding 3 is positioned at the inside of stator core 2, and the outside link of winding 3 is positioned at half opening or the open place of stator core 2.Epoxy Resin envelope 4 is with winding 3 sealings.
Structure of mover shown in Figure 10 is with side cutaway view shown in Figure 4.Wherein, Structure of mover shown in Figure 10 comprises mover substrate and sliding groove structure, and the mover substrate is between sliding groove structure.As shown in figure 10, this harmonic motion minor structure comprises commutation spring, resonant springs 5, Nd-Fe-B permanent magnet 6 and stainless steel mover substrate, U-shaped chute and ball (not shown).The U-shaped coulisse is positioned at the both sides of mover substrate, in the U-shaped chute, ball is set, the mover substrate is interposed in the U-shaped chute, the end of mover substrate contacts with ball, slide up and down in the U-shaped chute, two U-shaped chute two ends use that connecting plate is corresponding to be connected, and at each two ends of two U-shaped chutes, the commutation spring are set, and between mover substrate and two connecting plates, resonant springs are set respectively.The mover substrate slides in the U-shaped chute, arrives the end of U-shaped chute, and the commutation spring of end collides, bounce-back, reverse slide.Simultaneously, mover substrate compacting resonant springs produces resonance.
Wherein, be the shell of resonance permanent magnet linear generator and the fixed frame of internal mechanical parts every magnetic shell 1, have every the magnetic function, prevent that the magnetic field of permanent magnetic material is on the impact of electronic circuit.Stator core 2 can be the silicon steel plate stacking iron core.Coil windings 3 can be enamelled wire winding or printed coil, as the winding of permanent magnet generator.Resonant springs 5 is used for when vibration, mechanical energy being converted to kinetic energy, makes the slide block mover produce resonance.Permanent magnet 6 is for linear electric generator provides magnetic field, and winding can produce induced electromotive force in variable magnetic field; Stainless steel substrate is as the permanent magnet supporting body, and forms together sliding substrate.In addition, each parts can be fastening with dormant bolt, perhaps in advance built on magnetic shell 1 or one-body molded in advance.
In addition, be appreciated that, Fig. 9 and Figure 10 illustrate the single-phase monolateral and bilateral total assembling structure of flat-type permanent magnet linear generator of individual event, but according to Fig. 8, the total assembling structure of this flat-type permanent magnet linear generator can comprise heterogeneous monolateral or heterogeneous bilateral, those skilled in the art can easily realize according to the structure of Fig. 8-10, will repeat no more here.
Figure 11 illustrates the general module structure chart of the described electronic control system of Fig. 1, and as shown in figure 11, this electronic control system comprises the EMI module, rectification module, voltage-multiplying circuit, Voltage stabilizing module and super capacitor circuit.Wherein, EMI is the power supply Electromagnetic interference filter.Rectification module is connected with the EMI module.Voltage-multiplying circuit is connected with rectification module, with the small voltage multiplication of rectification module output.Voltage stabilizing circuit is connected with voltage-multiplying circuit, is used for the multiplier electrode of voltage-multiplying circuit output is stabilized to the magnitude of voltage of expectation, usually can be stabilized in a value between the 3-30 volt according to practical application.The burning voltage of Voltage stabilizing module output is input in super capacitor.Wherein, the processing sequence of voltage-multiplying circuit and voltage stabilizing circuit can exchange, namely can first voltage stabilizing double again, and the voltage stabilizing again of perhaps as above first doubling.
Figure 12 illustrates an exemplary circuit schematic diagram of the described electronic control system of Figure 11, and power supply Electromagnetic interference filter EMI comprises filter capacitor C0 and filter inductance H in parallel, and rectification module uses the rectifier diode (D1-D4) of four bridge joints.Voltage-multiplying circuit comprises the resistance of two series connection and the electric capacity of two series connection, and is in parallel between two resistance and two electric capacity, and the link between the link between two resistance and two electric capacity is connected.Voltage stabilizing circuit comprises filter capacitor C3, voltage stabilizing didoe WD and dc voltage conversion integrated circuit (IC) 1 in parallel, can not need filter capacitor C3 when not having too many clutter.The super capacitor circuit comprises monomer super capacitor C4 and the C5 of two series connection.This electronic control system also comprises counterflow-preventing diode D5.
When specific implementation, with power supply Electromagnetic interference filter, rectification, multiplication of voltage, voltage stabilizing, the super capacitor circuit makes wiring board or one becomes integrated circuit.With wire, the L of the output of resonance permanent magnet linear generator and electronic control circuit and N end are coupled together, complete the general assembly of resonance type permanent magnetic linear power generation charger.
Wherein, rectifier diode D1, D2, D3 and D4 preferably select ge rectifying transistor, to improve rectification efficiency, and in the undercapacity situation, its pressure drop＜=2V.IC1 is wide input voltage DC-DC conversion integrated circuit, and output voltage is 5.2V.
Super capacitor C4, C5 are based on the quick charge characteristic of super capacitor, as the relaying energy-accumulating element of charging.Than the storage battery factory, can to environment, can directly not replace storage battery as energy-accumulating element after scrapping due to the physical life of super capacitor.In the present invention, because ultracapacitor is different from battery, both can be combined, the power characteristic of capacitor and the high energy storage of battery are combined.Ultracapacitor can be charged to any current potential in its range of nominal tension, and can emit fully.Battery is subjected to self chemical reaction restraint of labour in narrower voltage range, may cause permanent damage if cross to put.The state-of-charge of ultracapacitor (SOC) consists of simple function with voltage, and the state-of-charge of battery comprises the conversion of various complexity.The traditional capacitor that ultracapacitor is suitable with its volume is compared and can be stored more energy, and the ultracapacitor that battery is suitable with its volume is compared and can be stored more energy.In the application of some power decision energy storage device sizes, ultracapacitor is a kind of better approach.Ultracapacitor transmitting energy pulse and without any adverse effect is repeatedly had a greatly reduced quality if opposite battery transmits its life-span of high power pulse repeatedly.Ultracapacitor can suffer damage by the quick charge quickly charging battery.Can iterative cycles hundreds thousand of times of ultracapacitor, and battery life only hundreds of circulate.
In order to further illustrate concrete technique effect of the present invention, below the resonant mode linear permanent-magnet generator is carried out two-dimensional finite unit simulation analysis.Because linear electric generator has distinctive limit end effect, make the analysis of linear electric motors more more complicated than the analysis of electric rotating machine, and the conventional motors analysis theories can not be applied directly on linear electric motors.Therefore, not only need to also need to utilize the two and three dimensions finite element analysis take maxwell's Theory of Electromagnetic Field as foundation, the accurate solution of seeking linear electric generator of ability to the analysis of linear electric generator.
In the Finite Element Method theory of two-dimensional electromagnetic field, the classical theory of electromagnetic field is the Maxwell equation group.Wherein, distribute regardless of medium and magnetic field intensity H, in magnetic field, magnetic field intensity all equals to pass the definite electric current summation of this path of integration along the line integral of any closed path.The Electromagnetic Field Maxwell Coupled Equations integrated form:
In formula: H: magnetic field intensity A/m, Γ: the border of curved surface Ω, J: current density A/m
2, D: electric displacement C/m
2, B: magnetic flux density T.
Maxwell equation group differential form:
Wherein, E: electric field strength V/m.
Figure 13 illustrates linear permanent-magnet generator 2d solid model, comprises as shown in the figure coil, magnet and substrate.Figure 14 illustrates monolateral flat-type permanent magnet linear generator two dimension modeling physical model.Figure 15 illustrates the subdivision graph of bilateral flat-type permanent magnet linear generator two dimension modeling physical model.Figure 13,14 and 15 concrete structure are described in the above, will no longer illustrate herein.
For the single-phase winding inductance of monolateral flat-type permanent magnet linear generator, the following inductance of open-wire line circle by emulation, the current value of inductance value.For the single-phase winding linkage of monolateral flat-type permanent magnet linear generator magnetic linkage, Figure 16 illustrates monolateral flat-type permanent magnet linear generator magnetic flux density, and as shown in the figure, the magnetic flux density between mover is not in saturation condition, is variable.Induced electromotive force in induced electromotive force when Figure 17 illustrates zero load, run duration.Induced electromotive force after induced electromotive force when Figure 18 illustrates load, loading.
For the resonant type permanent magnet linear generator three-dimensional finite element analysis, the magnetic field of permanent-magnetism linear motor belongs to three dimensional field, by three dimensional analysis, can obtain precise information and analyze itself and performance.Figure 19 illustrates the resonant type permanent magnet linear generator three-dimensional entity model, and wherein Figure 20 illustrates magnetic flux density, as shown in figure 20, in the time range within a free travel, magnetic flux distribution figure, wherein magnetic flux density is unsaturated, but is not in very low state.Figure 21 illustrates permanent magnet linear generator equivalent electric circuit and load.Figure 22 illustrates the load voltage analysis, the voltage analysis figure after the magnetoelectricity conversion.Figure 23 illustrates load current analysis (wherein, Figure 23 causes the current phasor opposite direction of voltage Figure 23 of Figure 22 due to the factor in the direction that voltage and current is set, but does not affect theory analysis).Can see from these figure, by above-mentioned structure, can obtain suitable electromagnetic induction, and the electric current that obtains expecting and voltage, satisfy the needs of common portable electric appts.
In yet another embodiment of the present invention, provide a kind of mover assembly structure and a kind of resonant type permanent magnet linear generator structure.Wherein the mover assembly uses coil windings as mover, and coil windings comprises moving-coil type (moving coil winding type) or moving-magnetic type (movable magnet array type).The coil windings of mover assembly can be single-phase, two-phase, three-phase.This example illustrates single phase winding winding mover assembly, as above in like manner, and within two-phase, three phase promoter assemblies all belong to category of the present invention.Coil windings is made into without the winding of permeability magnetic material iron core or directly is comprised of coil windings, can be enamel wire coil winding, injection moulding winding, printing winding.Coil windings can be made into single-phase, two-phase, three phase windings.
Figure 24 illustrates the mover assembly of single phase winding winding, and in Figure 24, this mover assembly comprises coil windings 1, and coil windings outreaches part 2, extension plate 3 (diagram extension plate is T shape, can be also dull and stereotyped), hollow out 4 (or not hollow out) and chute 5.As shown in figure 24, the mover assembly comprises integrated coil windings 1, and coil windings 1 can be common enamelled wire winding, injection moulding winding, printing winding.Coil windings 1 outreaches part 2 by coil windings and is surrounded, and keeps globality and the intensity of whole coil.Hollow out 4 is in order to reduce the weight of mover assembly, and openwork part can be square, rectangle, ellipse etc., can be also a plurality of bar shaped hollow outs, grid type hollow out.Extension plate 3 is with chute 5, and chute 5 has guide effect, and guiding mover assembly slides along fixed-direction.
This example is with double-flanged end Halbach magnet array permanent magnet linear generator example, for single side type Halbach magnet array, as long as permanent magnet linear generator removes magnet array on one side.Simultaneously, also can make based on Halbach magnet array cylinder type permanent magnet linear generator.Therefore, based on Halbach magnet array resonant type permanent magnet linear generator form, monolateral platypelloid type, bilateral platypelloid type, cylinder type are arranged.
Be the magnetic field that distributes by sine wave due to the magnetic field of Halbach magnet array, guaranteed that the voltage waveform of generator is for sinusoidal wave.The magnetic signature of Halbach magnet array effectively improves the air gap flux density of a useful side, guarantees the power generator air gap magnet density.Halbach magnet array has self magnetic screen, magnetic field has loop characteristic of one's own, greatly reduces leakage field, improves the operational efficiency of generator.Halbach magnet array, inside need not the core structure of stator and mover, and it has magnetic circuit of one's own, can realize stator and mover iron-core-free structure, eliminates slot effect, thereby obtains without the magnetic resistance mover, has reduced simultaneously the volume of motor.Halbach magnet array is not subjected to the saturated impact in magnetic field, in very little space, very high magnetic flux density can be arranged.
Figure 25 illustrates double-flanged end Halbach magnet array permanent magnet linear generator general assembly example schematic.In Figure 25, this structure comprises every magnetic shell 1, Halbach magnet array 2, resonant springs 3, mover assembly 4, chute pedestal 5, dividing plate 6, non-magnet material magnet array container 7, buffing pad 8.Wherein, have non-magnetic and separated magnetic effect every magnetic shell 1, and as the outer rigid housing of generator, be used for the parts of fixed generator.Halbach magnet array 2 provides sine wave magnetic field for generator.Resonant springs 3 is converted to kinetic energy to mechanical energy when producing vibration, make mover assembly 4 produce resonance, and the coil windings cutting magnetic field produces induced electromotive force.Mover assembly 4 includes integrated coil windings, coil windings and outreaches part, is with or without hollow out and the extension plate of chute is arranged.Chute pedestal 5 has gathering sill, the gathering sill pairing of this gathering sill and mover assembly, and lay ball in the gathering sill that mates, together the motion of mover assembly 4 produced the guide effect.There are two chutes that permanent magnet can be installed on each chute pedestal 5, the chute of mover assembly 4 is installed permanent magnet equally at this moment, both opposite face polarity is identical, the principle of repelling mutually according to the same sex, make the permanent magnet of mover assembly 4 and the permanent magnet of chute pedestal 5 repel, mover assembly 4 is at the tangential magnetic suspension force that produces of motion, realize the magnetic suspension of mover assembly 4 radial motions, effectively reduced the frictional force that has produced when using mechanical structure to slide, the energy loss mover assembly 4 when the harmonic moving reduces to minimum.Dividing plate 6 is used for buffing pad 8 is installed, and fixedly the chute pedestal 5.Non-magnet material magnet array container 7 is used for enclosing solid magnet.Buffing pad 8 can be made by spring and cushion pad and form, and has to prevent that mover assembly 4 from crossing strokes, protection mover assembly 4 is crossed the impact of strokes and produces thus reversing force.In case mover assembly 4 touches or strike buffing pad, spring carries out compress energy storage, for mover assembly motion commutation provides reversing force.Buffing pad 8 can be made the buffing pad that permanent magnet forms, building form is: a permanent magnet is installed on dividing plate, a permanent magnet is installed on mover assembly corresponding position, both opposite face polarity is identical, according to the principle that the same sex is repelled mutually, have equally buffering and provide the function of reversing force for the motion of mover assembly commutates.
For Halbach magnet array 2, its mounting means magnetizes after can making integral type to magnet.Erection method and the magnet size of Halbach magnet array have various ways, and Figure 26 only shows wherein three kinds of split mounting type array examples, and the size of all split mounting type arrays and mode are all within the present technique category.In Figure 26, the 1st, Halbach magnet array is only an example in figure, and Halbach magnet array can be integral type; Halbach magnet array can be split mounting type, and number of magnets has the magnet of varying number for different instances, can be seamless assembled between magnet in split mounting type Halbach magnet array, can be also the form assembly unit that certain interval is arranged.The 2nd, non-magnetic rigid container, this container can be open containers or flat.
The present invention has listed separately a plurality of embodiment, but persons of ordinary skill in the art may appreciate that these embodiment can make up accordingly, and for example above-mentioned magnet array can be applied in aforesaid magnet structure.
After Halbach magnet array can be made fixing profile, integral body magnetized.Through the whole magnet that magnetizes, can directly be positioned in non-magnetic rigid container, and with bonding agent, magnet and non-magnetic rigid container be cemented and be fixed together.The magnet of Halbach magnet array after can magnetizing to the magnet of definite shape, then carries out assembly unit.Erection method uses bonding agent that magnet is bonded together, and is placed in non-magnetic rigid container, and with bonding agent, magnet and non-magnetic rigid container is cemented and be fixed together.When split mounting type Halbach magnet array need to have certain assembly unit gap, directly with bonding agent, magnet is bonded in non-magnetic rigid container, the gap can be sealed etc. or the space admittedly with glue, epoxy resin filling.
In sum, structure of the present invention and whole system simple in structure, technical maturity, material can be buied easily, and market prospects are wide.The generating of this patent and charging device are made electronic device or independent Self-generating cell, need not to use the charging of civil power or other form, and embedded especially application more can embody environmental protection, energy-conservation.
It should be noted that at last, above embodiment is only in order to describe technical scheme of the present invention rather than the present technique method is limited, the present invention can extend to other modification, variation, application and embodiment on using, and therefore thinks that all such modifications, variation, application, embodiment are in spirit of the present invention and teachings.
Claims (14)
1. resonant type permanent magnet linear generator, comprise stator structure and Structure of mover, it is characterized in that, Structure of mover be arranged in stator structure in the magnetic shell, be arranged in every the opposite side of magnetic shell with respect to stator structure, perhaps be positioned at the centre of two or more stator structures; Permanent magnet array in Structure of mover provides magnetic field, and the winding in stator structure slides in variable magnetic field and produces induced electromotive force, and a side of Structure of mover arranges sliding groove structure, and the winding of stator slides with respect to mover in sliding groove structure;
This Structure of mover comprises sliding groove structure, and the substrate that non-magnet material forms is between sliding groove structure, and this sliding groove structure comprises commutation spring, resonant springs, U-shaped chute and ball; In the U-shaped chute, ball is set, substrate is interposed in the U-shaped chute, the end of substrate contacts with ball, slide up and down in the U-shaped chute, two U-shaped chute two ends use corresponding connections of connecting plate, each two ends at two U-shaped chutes arrange the commutation spring, between substrate and two connecting plates, resonant springs are set respectively.
2. linear electric generator according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described Structure of mover and arrange auxiliary iron yoke between the magnetic shell is used for reducing the transversal electromagnetic force of Structure of mover.
3. linear electric generator claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, this Structure of mover comprises permanent magnetic material and coats the non-magnet material of this permanent magnetic material, this permanent magnetic material is arranged in non-magnet material uniformly for two or strip, the bulk or oval block of polylith by the non-magnet material interval.
4. linear electric generator according to claim 1, is characterized in that, a described side or both sides every the magnetic enclosure are furnished with a plurality of such stator core groups: this stator core comprises every magnetic shell, stator core, winding and Epoxy Resin envelope; Stator core, winding and Epoxy Resin envelope are arranged in the side in the magnetic shell, stator core is attached to the sidewall every the magnetic shell, winding is positioned at the inside of stator core, and the outside link of winding is positioned at the opening part of stator core, and the Epoxy Resin envelope seals winding.
5. linear electric generator according to claim 3, is characterized in that, this non-magnet material is carbide alloy; Permanent magnetic material is neodymium iron boron, nickel cobalt or ferrite.
6. linear electric generator according to claim 3, is characterized in that, by with non-magnetic substrate punching press hollow out, forms hollow shape, arranges in hollow shape and magnetize the permanent magnetic material powder; Then by applying or electroplating the Structure of mover that is integrally formed.
7. linear electric generator according to claim 3, is characterized in that, described non-magnetic substrate is tabular; The part hollow out of described non-magnetic substrate is engraved out a plurality of dead slots in non-magnetic substrate, this dead slot is not communicated with permanent magnetic material.
8. linear electric generator according to claim 7, is characterized in that, this dead slot evenly arranges, so that stator movement is balanced.
9. linear electric generator according to claim 4, is characterized in that, described non-magnetic substrate slides in the U-shaped chute, arrive the end of U-shaped chute, and the commutation spring of end collides, reverse slide, non-magnetic substrate compacting resonant springs produces resonance mechanical energy is converted to kinetic energy.
10. linear electric generator according to claim 1, is characterized in that, this Structure of mover also comprises mover substrate and sliding groove structure, and the mover substrate is between sliding groove structure.
11. linear electric generator according to claim 4 is characterized in that, the opening of stator core is half opening or open; Described winding is enamelled wire winding or printed coil; Described is rectangle every the magnetic shell, vacant every the opposite side of magnetic shell.
12. linear electric generator according to claim 4, wherein said opposite side every the magnetic shell also comprises the second stator core, the second winding and the second Epoxy Resin envelope, the second stator core is attached to this opposite side every the magnetic shell, the second winding is positioned at the inside of this second stator core, the outside link of the second winding is positioned at the opening part of the second stator core, and the second Epoxy Resin envelope is with the second winding sealing.
13. linear electric generator according to claim 4, it is characterized in that, described the same side every magnetic shell layout iron core also comprises the 3rd stator core, the tertiary winding and the 3rd Epoxy Resin envelope, the 3rd stator core is attached to every the same side of magnetic shell and described iron core isolates by the NULL plate, the tertiary winding is positioned at the inside of the 3rd stator core, the outside link of the tertiary winding is positioned at the opening part of the 3rd stator core, and the 3rd Epoxy Resin envelope seals the tertiary winding.
14. linear electric generator according to claim 4, it is characterized in that, a plurality of such stator core groups are arranged in a described side or both sides every the magnetic shell: stator core is attached to the sidewall every the magnetic shell, winding is positioned at the inside of this stator core, the outside link of winding is positioned at the opening part of stator core, and the Epoxy Resin envelope seals winding; The stator core group of the same side is by the isolation of NULL plate; The end line series connection of described winding or in parallel.
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1604435A (en) * | 2003-09-29 | 2005-04-06 | 良峰塑胶机械股份有限公司 | Charging equipment |
| CN1604436A (en) * | 2004-11-04 | 2005-04-06 | 何崇中 | A miniature vibration electric generator |
| CN101202491A (en) * | 2006-12-11 | 2008-06-18 | 谭晛 | Vibrator wave power generator |
| CN101567613A (en) * | 2009-01-22 | 2009-10-28 | 东南大学 | Linear permanent-magnet generator |
| CN101741209A (en) * | 2008-11-10 | 2010-06-16 | 索尼株式会社 | Electric power generating apparatus |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1604435A (en) * | 2003-09-29 | 2005-04-06 | 良峰塑胶机械股份有限公司 | Charging equipment |
| CN1604436A (en) * | 2004-11-04 | 2005-04-06 | 何崇中 | A miniature vibration electric generator |
| CN101202491A (en) * | 2006-12-11 | 2008-06-18 | 谭晛 | Vibrator wave power generator |
| CN101741209A (en) * | 2008-11-10 | 2010-06-16 | 索尼株式会社 | Electric power generating apparatus |
| CN101567613A (en) * | 2009-01-22 | 2009-10-28 | 东南大学 | Linear permanent-magnet generator |
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