CN102064662A - Resonant type permanent magnet linear generator - Google Patents
Resonant type permanent magnet linear generator Download PDFInfo
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- CN102064662A CN102064662A CN201110028062XA CN201110028062A CN102064662A CN 102064662 A CN102064662 A CN 102064662A CN 201110028062X A CN201110028062X A CN 201110028062XA CN 201110028062 A CN201110028062 A CN 201110028062A CN 102064662 A CN102064662 A CN 102064662A
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Abstract
The invention provides a resonant type permanent magnet linear generator comprising stator structures and rotor structures. The resonant type permanent magnet linear generator is characterized in that the rotor structures are arranged in magnetic shield casings of the stator structures and are positioned on the other sides of the magnetic shield casings, which are opposite to the stator structures, or are positioned between two or among more stator structures; permanent magnet arrays in the rotor structures provide magnetic fields; windings in the stator structures slide in a variable magnetic field to generate the induced electromotive force; a chute structure is arranged on one side of each rotor structure; and the windings of the stators slide in the chute structure relative to the rotors. The resonant type permanent magnet linear generator disclosed by the invention has the advantages of simple structure, low cost, high generated electrical energy, easiness of constructing and integrating and convenience of carrying.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the magnet generation technology, more specifically, the present invention relates to a kind of linear electric generator, charging device and a kind of battery.
Background technology
Usually, all need self to have battery such as portable electric appts such as mobile phone, portable audio/video player, digital camera, head lamps, when leaving external power source, can use.This battery generally is noble metals such as NI-G, lithium electricity, and the cost height reclaims difficulty, and environment is caused irreversible infringement.In general, the connector of charging usefulness is set all on portable electric appts, comes charging portable electronic apparatus by this connector connection external power source or external charger, and need not take out battery.
For portable electric appts, use industrial power as external power supply usually, but out of doors, the way in, be difficult to utilize industrial power that this equipment is charged, but can use the Blast Furnace Top Gas Recovery Turbine Unit (TRT) of dry cell, waterpower, wind-force or firepower.Yet the energy conversion efficiency of these equipment is low, and the equipment self volume is big, is lower than 1 volt for voltage, can't collect under the milliampere level, causes significant wastage.Special in the high-frequency operating position of current consumer electronics, the battery of portable consumer electronics self can not provide enough electric energy far away, use for the user, often make the user carry the polylith battery or seek charger everywhere that having influenced people's communication or other needs and cause great waste.
Existing small-sized electric generating apparatus can also be converted to electric energy with the kinetic energy of rotation, adopt the mode of rotating to make coil cutting magnetic line in coil, produce electromotive force and realize generating, this traditional generation mode that rotatablely moves is applied in the people certainly as in the motive various portable power generation devices, but its complex structure, manufacture difficulty are big, operate not convenient, generating efficiency is low, be unfavorable for producing in enormous quantities cheaply, be difficult in life, be extensive use of as small power generation equipment.
Linear motor is a kind ofly to cut and launch the motor that stator and rotor derive out open by longitudinal divisions from normal asynchronous, its operation principle is along with uniform rectilinear motion rather than rotatablely moves and produce magnetic field, in asynchronous linear motor, induction coil produces electric current on armature, the interaction between electric current and the induced field produces electric induction and generates electricity.But the required precision height of the travel direction of such generator, realization complexity, the electric weight that is produced is less, and the common electric weight that was produced in three or four hours was not enough to use five minutes, used in practice to be difficult to play a role.
Summary of the invention
For fear of above-mentioned various defectives of the prior art, the present invention proposes a kind of straight line resonant generator and charging device.
According to an aspect of the present invention, a kind of mover structure of resonant mode permanent magnet linear generator is provided, the non-magnet material that comprises permanent magnetic material and this permanent magnetic material of coating, this permanent magnetic material is arranged in the non-magnet material uniformly for by non-magnet material two or strip, the bulk or oval block of polylith at interval.
According to a second aspect of the invention, provide a kind of stator structure of resonant mode permanent magnet linear generator, comprise every magnetic shell, stator core, winding and epoxy resin and sealing admittedly; Stator core, winding and epoxy resin seal a side that is arranged in the magnetic shell admittedly, stator core is attached to the sidewall every the magnetic shell, winding is positioned at the inside of stator core, and the outside link of winding is positioned at the opening part of stator core, and epoxy resin seals admittedly winding is sealed.
According to a third aspect of the invention we, a kind of resonant mode permanent magnet linear generator is provided, comprise stator structure and mover structure, the mover structural configuration stator structure in the magnetic shell, be arranged in every the opposite side of magnetic shell, perhaps be positioned at the centre of two or more stator structures with respect to stator structure; Permanent magnet in the mover structure provides magnetic field, and the winding in the stator structure produces induced electromotive force in variable magnetic field.
According to a forth aspect of the invention, a kind of resonant mode permanent-magnet linear power-generation charging device is provided, comprise resonant mode permanent magnet linear generator and electronic control system, described generator comprises stator structure and mover structure, the mover structure be arranged in stator structure every the magnetic shell, be arranged in every the opposite side of magnetic shell, perhaps be positioned at the centre of two or more stator structures with respect to stator structure; Permanent magnet in the mover structure provides magnetic field, and the winding in the stator structure produces induced electromotive force in variable magnetic field; Described electronic control system comprises the EMI module, rectification module, voltage-multiplying circuit, Voltage stabilizing module and super capacitor circuit.
According to a fifth aspect of the invention, a kind of self-charging battery is provided, comprise resonant mode permanent magnet linear generator, electronic control system and super capacitor, it is characterized in that, described generator comprises stator structure and mover structure, the mover structure be included in stator structure in the magnetic shell, be arranged in every the opposite side of magnetic shell with respect to stator structure, perhaps be positioned at the centre of two or more stator structures; Permanent magnet in the mover structure provides magnetic field, and the winding in the stator structure produces induced electromotive force in variable magnetic field; Described electronic control system comprises the EMI module, rectification module, voltage-multiplying circuit and Voltage stabilizing module; The super capacitor circuit is used for stored charge and comes to be power electronic equipment.
Generating of the present invention, charging and cell apparatus make that people can walk, just can be on outdoor, the vehicle to charging portable electronic apparatus, this device design is simple, structure is ingeniously little, not only easy to carry, exempted need special external charge power supplys, lose time charging and the puzzlement of emergent charging when going out, also realized the possibility that can both charge at any time.Device of the present invention makes up conveniently, uses energy-saving and environmental protection, more low-carbon (LC).
Blast Furnace Top Gas Recovery Turbine Unit (TRT) of the present invention is except can be used for generating, charging, can also be used for electronic equipment as a nonvolatil battery uses, and the needs that electronic equipment self is furnished with battery have been exempted, and this battery no longer needs external power supply to charge, and use self generating to power, environmental protection and saving cost more.Blast Furnace Top Gas Recovery Turbine Unit (TRT) of the present invention can be used for the application of all milliamperes level electrical equipment, portable player and all portable electric appts such as mobile phone, electric shaver, digital camera.In addition, Blast Furnace Top Gas Recovery Turbine Unit (TRT) of the present invention can be made external or embedded.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 illustrates the functional block diagram of resonant mode permanent-magnet linear power-generation charging device;
Fig. 2 illustrates the mover structure of resonant mode linear permanent-magnet generator;
Fig. 3 illustrates the mover structure of part hollow out;
Fig. 4 illustrates the schematic diagram of resonance mover and chute structure;
Fig. 5 illustrates single-phase monolateral platypelloid type permanent magnet linear generator stator structure;
Fig. 6 illustrates the two groups of monolateral platypelloid type permanent magnet linear generator of separate single-phase stator structures;
Fig. 7 illustrates single-phase bilateral platypelloid type permanent magnet linear generator stator structure;
Fig. 8 illustrates the independent single-phase bilateral platypelloid type permanent magnet linear generator structure of many groups;
Fig. 9 illustrates single-phase monolateral platypelloid type permanent magnet linear generator general assembly schematic diagram;
Figure 10 illustrates bilateral platypelloid type permanent magnet linear generator general assembly schematic diagram;
Figure 11 illustrates the overall construction drawing of electronic control system;
Figure 12 illustrates the circuit theory diagrams of electronic control system;
Figure 13 illustrates linear permanent-magnet generator 2d solid model;
Figure 14 illustrates monolateral platypelloid type permanent magnet linear generator two dimension modeling physical model;
Figure 15 illustrates bilateral platypelloid type permanent magnet linear generator two dimension modeling physical model
Figure 16 illustrates monolateral platypelloid type permanent magnet linear generator magnetic flux density;
Figure 17 illustrates unloaded induced electromotive force;
Figure 18 illustrates the analysis of load-sensing electromotive force;
Figure 19 illustrates resonant mode permanent magnet linear generator three-dimensional entity model;
Figure 20 illustrates the schematic diagram of magnetic flux density;
Figure 21 illustrates the schematic diagram of permanent magnet linear generator equivalent electric circuit and load;
Figure 22 illustrates the load voltage analysis;
Figure 23 illustrates the load current analysis;
Figure 24 illustrates single phase winding winding mover assembly example;
Figure 25 illustrates double-flanged end Halbach magnet array permanent magnet linear generator general assembly example schematic;
Figure 26 illustrates Halbach magnet array mounting means example.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments a kind of generator provided by the invention and charging device are described in detail.
Existing portable electric generator charging device great majority belong to the hand-rail type generator, to portable electronics, when electronic product charges, at least need to use hand traverse generator charging device 30 minutes, could allow electronics, electric equipment products that the power consumption of certain service time is provided.The purpose of this invention is to provide and be applied to milliampere external power-generation charging device of level electronic apparatus or be directly embedded into electronic apparatus inside.
Fig. 1 illustrates the charging device with resonant mode permanent magnet linear generator, and as shown in Figure 1, this charging device comprises permanent magnet linear generator, electronic control system, super capacitor circuit and battery.Wherein, the permanent magnetic vibration linear electric generator is connected with electronic control system, be used for producing induced electromotive force with respect to the rectilinear motion of stator by the inner mover of generator, after electronic control system is carried out filtering, rectification, multiplication of voltage, voltage stabilizing processing with the induced electromotive force from the permanent magnetic vibration linear electric generator that is received, get access to suitable burning voltage, be input to the super capacitor circuit, with Charge Storage in super capacitor.The battery of this super capacitor attachment portable electric appts, thus this battery charge given.
In another embodiment, charging device with resonant mode permanent magnet linear generator comprises permanent magnetic vibration linear electric generator, electronic control system and super capacitor circuit, and do not comprise the battery shown in the figure, this super capacitor circuit directly is connected with power consumption equipment, as the electric supply installation (for example battery) of this power consumption equipment (for example portable consumer electronic device).Wherein, the permanent magnetic vibration linear electric generator is connected with electronic control system, be used for producing induced electromotive force with respect to the rectilinear motion of stator by the inner mover of generator, after electronic control system is carried out filtering, rectification, multiplication of voltage, voltage stabilizing processing with the induced electromotive force from the permanent magnetic vibration linear electric generator that is received, get access to suitable burning voltage, be input to the super capacitor circuit, with Charge Storage in super capacitor.This super capacitor directly is a power devices as the electric supply installation of equipment.At this moment, this charging device is not only to be used for charging, more mainly self-charging and power supply is combined, and especially when the capacitance of super capacitor enough greatly the time, can be used as the power supply use fully.
Fig. 2 illustrates the front section view of the mover structure of resonant mode linear permanent-magnet generator, wherein, for the platypelloid type linear electric generator, as shown in Figure 2, comprise the non-magnet material of permanent magnetic material and this permanent magnetic material of coating, this non-magnet material can be cheap stainless steel material.Wherein, permanent magnetic material is a strip and block, is arranged in stainless steel material.The permanent magnetic material that is appreciated that this strip and block is not limited to three shown in the figure, only is example shown in the figure, and this permanent magnetic material can be two or polylith.In one embodiment, this permanent magnetic material is arranged as strip.In another embodiment, this permanent magnetic material is arranged as nahlock shape or oval block.In yet another embodiment, in stainless steel material, be arranged as irregularly shaped.It is convenient to be appreciated that according to making, and the shape of this permanent magnetic material can be selected arbitrarily.Being arranged under the situation of only using two permanent magnetic material pieces of this permanent magnetic material in addition expected evenly as far as possible, and relation each other is balanced as far as possible.And when using a plurality of permanent magnetic material piece, distance between the permanent magnetic material piece or mutual alignment relation can be uneven, if certainly uniformly words to allow magnetic be evenly distributed better.Permanent magnetic material is selected the hard magnetic material such as neodymium iron boron, nickel cobalt for use, and does not select soft magnetic material for use.This permanent magnetic material shared volume ratio in non-magnet material can be selected according to cost of manufacture, magnetic flexible in size.
When making mover of the present invention, at first stainless steel substrate by the punching press hollow out, form required hollow shape, this hollow shape is corresponding to the shape of above-mentioned permanent magnetic material piece; Then, the permanent magnetic material powder is made suitable shape and size with bonding or sintering process, magnetize; Permanent magnetic material after magnetizing edge (or bonding) in the hollow out of stainless steel substrate, is applied the monoblock mover or electroplate afterwards, thereby, the globality of maintenance mover.
As shown in Figure 2, the mover substrate is a tabular, and non-annularity belongs to the mover mechanism of the linear electric motors of standard type.Mover substrate of the present invention is positioned at outside the stator, and for the inclined to one side flat line motor of double-flanged end, and this mover substrate but not includes within the stator between two stators.What permanent magnetic material was selected usefulness is hard magnetic material, the magnet that has promptly magnetized, but not the soft magnetic material that can not magnetize.
In actual applications, especially when charging device that is used for the portable consumer electronics or power supply unit, need the weight of further reduction equipment.In the present embodiment, by the part hollow out of stainless steel substrate being reduced the weight of mover substrate.As shown in Figure 3, permanent magnetic material 1 is coated in the stainless steel substrate 2, engraves out a plurality of dead slots in the centre of stainless steel substrate 2.This dead slot should not be communicated with permanent magnetic material, and only carries out hollow out in the centre of stainless steel substrate.This dead slot can be provided with the structure of different sizes and shape as required.This dead slot evenly is provided with, so that the stator movement equilibrium.
Fig. 4 illustrates the overall structure of resonance mover, and this harmonic motion minor structure comprises mover substrate and chute structure, and the mover substrate is between the chute structure.The mover substrate promptly comprises the non-magnetic conduction substrate of permanent magnet.As shown in Figure 4, generally speaking, this harmonic motion minor structure comprises commutation spring 1, resonant springs 2, permanent magnet and stainless steel mover substrate 3, U-shaped chute 4 and ball 5.The U-shaped coulisse is positioned at the both sides of mover substrate, in the U-shaped chute ball is set, the mover substrate is interposed in the U-shaped chute, the end of mover substrate contacts with ball, in the U-shaped chute, slide up and down, two U-shaped chute two ends use that connecting plate is corresponding to be connected, and at each two ends of two U-shaped chutes the commutation spring are set, and between mover substrate and two connecting plates resonant springs are set respectively.The mover substrate slides in the U-shaped chute, arrives the end of U-shaped chute and the commutation spring of end and collides, bounce-back, reverse slide.Simultaneously, mover substrate compacting resonant springs produces resonance.
Below describe the structure of stator, for resonant mode permanent magnet linear generator stator core form, permanent magnet linear generator can be made monolateral platypelloid type or bilateral platypelloid type, and winding can be single-phase, two-phase, three-phase.Permanent magnet linear generator can be made single-phase, two-phase and three-phase, also can make several single-phase serial or parallel connections then.
Fig. 5 illustrates single-phase monolateral platypelloid type permanent magnet linear generator stator structure, and as shown in Figure 5, this stator structure comprises every magnetic shell 1, stator core 2, winding 3 and epoxy resin and seals 4 admittedly.Wherein, stator core 2 is half opening or standard-sized sheet mouth.Winding 3 can be enamelled wire winding or printed coil.Stator core 2, winding 3 and epoxy resin seal 4 sides that are arranged in magnetic shell 1 admittedly, are generally rectangle every magnetic shell 1, but this is not limited to make square, ellipse or other shapes, and is vacant every the opposite side of magnetic shell 1.Stator core 2 is attached to the sidewall every magnetic shell 1, and winding 3 is positioned at the inside of stator core 2, and the outside link of winding 3 is positioned at the half opening or the full opening part of stator core 2.Epoxy resin seals 4 admittedly with winding 3 sealings.
Fig. 6 illustrates two groups of independent single-phase monolateral platypelloid type permanent magnet linear generator stator structures, as shown in Figure 6, this stator structure comprises the two groups of monolateral platypelloid type permanent magnet linear generator of separate single-phase stator structures, be appreciated that this stator structure can comprise the monolateral platypelloid type permanent magnet linear generator of many group separate single-phase stator structure.The monolateral platypelloid type permanent magnet linear generator of many group separate single-phase stator structure can in parallel or series connection output, and just the winding in each single-phase monolateral platypelloid type permanent magnet linear generator stator structure can be connected or be in parallel.Wherein, every group of single-phase monolateral platypelloid type permanent magnet linear generator stator structure comprises every magnetic shell 1, stator core 2 and winding 3.Winding uses epoxy resin to seal admittedly.Wherein, stator core 2 is half opening or standard-sized sheet mouth.Winding 3 can be enamelled wire winding or printed coil.Stator core 2, winding 3 are arranged in the side in magnetic shell 1, are generally rectangle every magnetic shell 1, but this is not limited to make square, ellipse or other shapes, and be vacant every the opposite side space of magnetic shell 1.Stator core 2 is attached to the sidewall every magnetic shell 1, and winding 3 is positioned at the inside of stator core 2, and the outside link of winding 3 is positioned at the half opening or the full opening part of stator core 2.Between adjacent two single-phase monolateral platypelloid type permanent magnet linear generator stator structures, arrange NULL plate 4, be used to block the magnetic disturbance between the adjacent stators structure.
Fig. 7 illustrates single-phase bilateral platypelloid type permanent magnet linear generator stator structure.As shown in Figure 7, this stator structure comprises two groups of single-phase monolateral platypelloid type permanent magnet linear generator stator structures, each single-phase monolateral platypelloid type permanent magnet linear generator stator structure lays respectively at the opposite side every magnetic shell 1, be attached to respectively on the sidewall of magnetic shell 1, hollow between two single-phase monolateral platypelloid type permanent magnet linear generator stator structures leaves the space of placing mover.Wherein, every group of single-phase monolateral platypelloid type permanent magnet linear generator stator structure comprises every magnetic shell 1, stator core 2 and winding 3.Winding uses epoxy resin to seal admittedly.Wherein, stator core 2 is half opening or standard-sized sheet mouth.Winding 3 can be enamelled wire winding or printed coil.Stator core 2, winding 3 are arranged in the sidewall in magnetic shell 1, are generally rectangle every magnetic shell 1, but this is not limited to make square, ellipse or other shapes.Stator core 2 is attached to the side every magnetic shell 1, and winding 3 is positioned at the inside of stator core 2, and the outside link of winding 3 is positioned at the half opening or the full opening part of stator core 2.
Fig. 8 illustrates the independent single-phase bilateral platypelloid type permanent magnet linear generator structure of many groups, as shown in Figure 6, this stator structure comprises the two groups of bilateral platypelloid type permanent magnet linear generator of separate single-phase stator structures, be appreciated that this stator structure can comprise the bilateral platypelloid type permanent magnet linear generator of many group separate single-phase stator structure.Each single-phase bilateral platypelloid type permanent magnet linear generator stator structure lays respectively at the opposite side every magnetic shell 1, be attached to respectively on the sidewall of magnetic shell 1, hollow between two or more single-phase bilateral platypelloid type permanent magnet linear generator stator structures leaves the space of placing mover.The monolateral platypelloid type permanent magnet linear generator of many group separate single-phase stator structure can in parallel or series connection output, and just the winding in each single-phase monolateral platypelloid type permanent magnet linear generator stator structure can be connected or be in parallel.Equally, organize the bilateral platypelloid type permanent magnet linear generator of separate single-phase stator structure can in parallel or series connection output more, and just the winding in each single-phase bilateral platypelloid type permanent magnet linear generator stator structure can be connected or be in parallel.Wherein, every group of single-phase monolateral platypelloid type permanent magnet linear generator stator structure comprises every magnetic shell 1, stator core 2 and winding 3.Winding uses epoxy resin to seal admittedly.Wherein, stator core 2 is half opening or standard-sized sheet mouth.Winding 3 can be enamelled wire winding or printed coil.Stator core 2, winding 3 are arranged in the side in magnetic shell 1, are generally rectangle every magnetic shell 1, but this is not limited to make square, ellipse or other shapes, and be vacant every the opposite side space of magnetic shell 1.Stator core 2 is attached to the sidewall every magnetic shell 1, and winding 3 is positioned at the inside of stator core 2, and the outside link of winding 3 is positioned at the half opening or the full opening part of stator core 2.Between adjacent two single-phase monolateral platypelloid type permanent magnet linear generator stator structures, arrange NULL plate 4, be used to block the magnetic disturbance between the adjacent stators structure.
Below describe total assembling structure of resonant mode permanent magnet generator, wherein, Fig. 9 illustrates single-phase monolateral platypelloid type permanent magnet linear generator general assembly schematic diagram.As shown in Figure 9, this generator comprises stator structure and mover structure, wherein, the mover structure be included in stator structure in magnetic shell 1, be arranged in every the opposite side of magnetic shell 1 with respect to stator structure.Mover structure and arrange auxiliary iron yoke between magnetic shell 1 is used for reducing the transversal electromagnetic force of mover structure.
As shown in Figure 9, this stator structure comprises every magnetic shell 1, stator core 2, winding 3 and epoxy resin and seals 4 admittedly.Wherein, stator core 2 is half opening or standard-sized sheet mouth.Winding 3 can be enamelled wire winding or printed coil.Stator core 2, winding 3 and epoxy resin seal 4 sides that are arranged in magnetic shell 1 admittedly, are generally rectangle every magnetic shell 1, but this is not limited to make square, ellipse or other shapes, and is vacant every the opposite side space of magnetic shell 1.Stator core 2 is attached to the side every magnetic shell 1, and winding 3 is positioned at the inside of stator core 2, and the outside link of winding 3 is positioned at the half opening or the full opening part of stator core 2.Epoxy resin seals 4 admittedly with winding 3 sealings.
Mover structure shown in Figure 9 is with side cutaway view shown in Figure 4, only is signal shown in the accompanying drawing, is not the restriction to shape.Wherein, mover structure shown in Figure 9 comprises mover substrate and chute structure, and the mover substrate is between the chute structure.As shown in Figure 9, this harmonic motion minor structure comprises commutation spring, resonant springs 5, Nd-Fe-B permanent magnet and stainless steel mover substrate 6, U-shaped chute and ball (not shown).The U-shaped coulisse is positioned at the both sides of mover substrate, in the U-shaped chute ball is set, the mover substrate is interposed in the U-shaped chute, the end of mover substrate contacts with ball, in the U-shaped chute, slide up and down, two U-shaped chute two ends use that connecting plate is corresponding to be connected, and at each two ends of two U-shaped chutes the commutation spring are set, and between mover substrate and two connecting plates resonant springs are set respectively.The mover substrate slides in the U-shaped chute, arrives the end of U-shaped chute and the commutation spring of end and collides, bounce-back, reverse slide.Simultaneously, mover substrate compacting resonant springs produces resonance.
Wherein, be the shell of resonance permanent magnet linear generator and the fixed frame of internal mechanical parts every magnetic shell 1, have every the magnetic function, prevent of the influence of the magnetic field of permanent magnetic material to electronic circuit.Stator core 2 can be the silicon steel plate stacking iron core.Coil windings 3 can be enamelled wire winding or printed coil, as the winding of permanent magnet generator.Resonant springs 5 is used for when vibration mechanical energy being converted to kinetic energy, makes the slide block mover produce resonance.Permanent magnet 6 is for linear electric generator provides magnetic field, and winding can produce induced electromotive force in variable magnetic field; Stainless steel substrate is as the Nd-Fe-B permanent magnet supporting body, and forms sliding substrate together.In addition, each parts can be fastening with dormant bolt, in advance built on magnetic shell 1 or one-body molded in advance.
On structure, the mover structure need not to support pedestal, and stator structure does not need electromagnet, no electromagnetic actuation force, but outer the vibration drives mover.The mechanical energy that resonant springs relies on external vibration produces harmonic moving, is not restoring force.
Figure 10 illustrates the total assembling structure of bilateral platypelloid type permanent magnet linear generator, as shown in figure 10, this generator comprises stator structure and mover structure, wherein, the mover structure be included in stator structure in magnetic shell 1, be arranged in every the centre of magnetic shell 1,, perhaps be fixed on the two ends of shell by two stator structure clampings with respect to two stator structures.
As shown in figure 10, this stator structure comprises every magnetic shell 1, stator core 2, winding 3 and epoxy resin and seals 4 admittedly.Wherein, stator core 2 is half opening or standard-sized sheet mouth.Winding 3 can be enamelled wire winding or printed coil.Stator core 2, winding 3 and epoxy resin seal 4 sides that are arranged in magnetic shell 1 admittedly, are generally rectangle every magnetic shell 1, but this is not limited to make square, ellipse or other shapes, every the opposite side of magnetic shell 1 same as layout.Stator core 2 is attached to the side every magnetic shell 1, and winding 3 is positioned at the inside of stator core 2, and the outside link of winding 3 is positioned at the half opening or the full opening part of stator core 2.Epoxy resin seals 4 admittedly with winding 3 sealings.
Mover structure shown in Figure 10 is with side cutaway view shown in Figure 4.Wherein, mover structure shown in Figure 10 comprises mover substrate and chute structure, and the mover substrate is between the chute structure.As shown in figure 10, this harmonic motion minor structure comprises commutation spring, resonant springs 5, Nd-Fe-B permanent magnet 6 and stainless steel mover substrate, U-shaped chute and ball (not shown).The U-shaped coulisse is positioned at the both sides of mover substrate, in the U-shaped chute ball is set, the mover substrate is interposed in the U-shaped chute, the end of mover substrate contacts with ball, in the U-shaped chute, slide up and down, two U-shaped chute two ends use that connecting plate is corresponding to be connected, and at each two ends of two U-shaped chutes the commutation spring are set, and between mover substrate and two connecting plates resonant springs are set respectively.The mover substrate slides in the U-shaped chute, arrives the end of U-shaped chute and the commutation spring of end and collides, bounce-back, reverse slide.Simultaneously, mover substrate compacting resonant springs produces resonance.
Wherein, be the shell of resonance permanent magnet linear generator and the fixed frame of internal mechanical parts every magnetic shell 1, have every the magnetic function, prevent of the influence of the magnetic field of permanent magnetic material to electronic circuit.Stator core 2 can be the silicon steel plate stacking iron core.Coil windings 3 can be enamelled wire winding or printed coil, as the winding of permanent magnet generator.Resonant springs 5 is used for when vibration mechanical energy being converted to kinetic energy, makes the slide block mover produce resonance.Permanent magnet 6 is for linear electric generator provides magnetic field, and winding can produce induced electromotive force in variable magnetic field; Stainless steel substrate is as the permanent magnet supporting body, and forms sliding substrate together.In addition, each parts can be fastening with dormant bolt, perhaps in advance built on magnetic shell 1 or one-body molded in advance.
In addition, be appreciated that, Fig. 9 and Figure 10 illustrate the single-phase monolateral and bilateral total assembling structure of platypelloid type permanent magnet linear generator of individual event, but according to Fig. 8, the total assembling structure of this platypelloid type permanent magnet linear generator can comprise heterogeneous monolateral or heterogeneous bilateral, those skilled in the art can realize easily according to the structure of Fig. 8-10, will repeat no more here.
Figure 11 illustrates the overall modular structure figure of the described electronic control system of Fig. 1, and as shown in figure 11, this electronic control system comprises the EMI module, rectification module, voltage-multiplying circuit, Voltage stabilizing module and super capacitor circuit.Wherein, EMI is the power supply Electromagnetic interference filter.Rectification module is connected with the EMI module.Voltage-multiplying circuit is connected with rectification module, with the small voltage multiplication of rectification module output.Voltage stabilizing circuit is connected with voltage-multiplying circuit, is used for the multiplier electrode of voltage-multiplying circuit output is stabilized to the magnitude of voltage of expectation, can be stabilized in a value between the 3-30 volt according to practical application usually.The burning voltage of Voltage stabilizing module output is input in the super capacitor.Wherein, the processing sequence of voltage-multiplying circuit and voltage stabilizing circuit can exchange, and just can first voltage stabilizing double the voltage stabilizing again of perhaps as above doubling earlier again.
Figure 12 illustrates an exemplary circuit schematic diagram of the described electronic control system of Figure 11, and power supply Electromagnetic interference filter EMI comprises filter capacitor C0 and filter inductance H in parallel, and rectification module uses the rectifier diode (D1-D4) of four bridge joints.Voltage-multiplying circuit comprises the resistance of two series connection and the electric capacity of two series connection, and is in parallel between two resistance and two electric capacity, and the link between the link between two resistance and two electric capacity is connected.Voltage stabilizing circuit comprises filter capacitor C3, voltage stabilizing didoe WD and dc voltage conversion integrated circuit (IC) 1 in parallel, can not need filter capacitor C3 when not having too many clutter.The super capacitor circuit comprises the monomer super capacitor C4 and the C5 of two series connection.This electronic control system also comprises anti-adverse current diode D5.
When specific implementation, with power supply Electromagnetic interference filter, rectification, multiplication of voltage, voltage stabilizing, the super capacitor circuit makes wiring board or one becomes integrated circuit.With lead the L of the output of resonance permanent magnet linear generator and electronic control circuit and N end are coupled together, finish the general assembly of resonant mode permanent-magnet linear power-generation charging device.
Wherein, rectifier diode D1, D2, D3 and D4 preferably select ge rectifying transistor for use, to improve rectification efficiency, and under the undercapacity situation, its pressure drop＜=2V.IC1 is a wide input voltage DC-DC conversion integrated circuit, and output voltage is 5.2V.
Super capacitor C4, C5 are based on the quick charge characteristic of super capacitor, as the relaying energy-accumulating element of charging.Because the physical life of super capacitor can not pollute environment after scrapping than the storage battery factory, can directly replace storage battery as energy-accumulating element.In the present invention,, both can be combined, the power characteristic of capacitor and the high energy storage of battery are combined because ultracapacitor is different from battery.Ultracapacitor can be charged to any current potential in its range of nominal tension, and can emit fully.Battery then is subjected to self chemical reaction restraint of labour in narrower voltage range, may cause permanent damage if cross to put.The state-of-charge of ultracapacitor (SOC) constitutes simple function with voltage, and the state-of-charge of battery then comprises the conversion of various complexity.The traditional capacitor that ultracapacitor is suitable with its volume is compared and can be stored more energy, and the ultracapacitor that battery is suitable with its volume is compared and can be stored more energy.In the application of some power decision energy storage device sizes, ultracapacitor is a kind of better approach.Ultracapacitor transmission of power pulse and do not have any adverse effect is repeatedly had a greatly reduced quality if opposite battery transmits its life-span of high power pulse repeatedly.Ultracapacitor can then can suffer damage by the quick charge quickly charging battery.Ultracapacitor can circulate hundreds thousand of times repeatedly, and an only hundreds of circulation of battery life.
In order to further specify concrete technique effect of the present invention, below the resonant mode linear permanent-magnet generator is carried out two-dimensional finite unit simulation analysis.Because linear electric generator has distinctive limit end effect, make the analysis of linear electric motors more more complicated than the analysis of electric rotating machine, and the conventional motors analysis theories can not be applied directly on the linear electric motors.Therefore, need be foundation not only to the analysis of linear electric generator with maxwell's Theory of Electromagnetic Field, also need to utilize the two and three dimensions finite element analysis, could accurately seek the solution of linear electric generator.
In the Finite Element Method theory of two-dimensional electromagnetic field, the classical theory of electromagnetic field is the Maxwell equation group.Wherein, distribute regardless of medium and magnetic field intensity H, magnetic field intensity all equals to pass the definite electric current summation of this path of integration along the line integral of any closed path in the magnetic field.The Electromagnetic Field Maxwell Coupled Equations integrated form:
In the formula: H: magnetic field intensity A/m, Γ: the border of curved surface Ω, J: current density A/m
2, D: electric displacement C/m
2, B: magnetic flux density T.
Maxwell equation group differential form:
Wherein, E: electric field strength V/m.
Figure 13 illustrates linear permanent-magnet generator 2d solid model, comprises coil, magnet and substrate as shown in the figure.Figure 14 illustrates monolateral platypelloid type permanent magnet linear generator two dimension modeling physical model.Figure 15 illustrates the subdivision graph of bilateral platypelloid type permanent magnet linear generator two dimension modeling physical model.Figure 13,14 and 15 concrete structure are described in the above, will no longer illustrate herein.
For the single-phase winding inductance of monolateral platypelloid type permanent magnet linear generator, the following inductance of open-wire line circle by emulation, the current numerical value of inductance value.For the single-phase winding linkage of monolateral platypelloid type permanent magnet linear generator magnetic linkage, Figure 16 illustrates monolateral platypelloid type permanent magnet linear generator magnetic flux density, and as shown in the figure, the magnetic flux density between the mover is not in saturation condition, is variable.Induced electromotive force in induced electromotive force when Figure 17 illustrates zero load, run duration.Induced electromotive force after induced electromotive force when Figure 18 illustrates load, loading.
For resonant mode permanent magnet linear generator three-dimensional finite element analysis, the magnetic field of permanent-magnetism linear motor belongs to three dimensional field, by three dimensional analysis, can obtain precise information and analyze itself and performance.Figure 19 illustrates resonant mode permanent magnet linear generator three-dimensional entity model, and wherein Figure 20 illustrates magnetic flux density, as shown in figure 20, in the time range within a free travel, magnetic flux distribution figure, wherein magnetic flux density is unsaturated, but is not in very low state.Figure 21 illustrates permanent magnet linear generator equivalent electric circuit and load.Figure 22 illustrates the load voltage analysis, the voltage analysis figure after the magnetoelectricity conversion.Figure 23 illustrates load current analysis (wherein, Figure 23 is owing to cause the current phasor direction of voltage Figure 23 of Figure 22 opposite in the factor of the direction that voltage and current is set, but do not influence theory analysis).From these figure, can see,, can obtain suitable electromagnetic induction, and electric current that obtains expecting and voltage, satisfy the needs of common portable electric appts by above-mentioned structure.
In yet another embodiment of the present invention, provide a kind of mover assembly structure and a kind of resonant mode permanent magnet linear generator structure.Wherein the mover assembly uses coil windings as mover, and coil windings comprises moving-coil type (moving coil winding type) or moving-magnetic type (movable magnet array formula).The coil windings of mover assembly can be single-phase, two-phase, three-phase.This example illustrates single phase winding winding mover assembly, and as above in like manner, two-phase, three phase promoter assemblies all belong within the category of the present invention.Coil windings is made into the winding of no permeability magnetic material iron core or directly is made up of coil windings, can be enamelled wire coil windings, injection moulding winding, printing winding.Coil windings can be made into single-phase, two-phase, three phase windings.
Figure 24 illustrates the mover assembly of single phase winding winding, and in Figure 24, this mover assembly comprises coil windings 1, and coil windings outreaches part 2, extension plate 3 (diagram extension plate is a T shape, also can be dull and stereotyped), hollow out 4 (or not hollow out) and chute 5.As shown in figure 24, the mover assembly comprises incorporate coil windings 1, and coil windings 1 can be common enamelled wire winding, injection moulding winding, printing winding.Coil windings 1 outreaches part 2 by coil windings and is surrounded, and keeps the globality and the intensity of whole winding.Hollow out 4 is in order to reduce the weight of mover assembly, and openwork part can be square, rectangle, ellipse etc., also can be a plurality of bar shaped hollow outs, grid type hollow out.Extension plate 3 has chute 5, and chute 5 has guide effect, and guiding mover assembly slides along fixed-direction.
This example is with double-flanged end Halbach magnet array permanent magnet linear generator example, for single side type Halbach magnet array, as long as permanent magnet linear generator removes magnet array on one side.Simultaneously, also can make based on Halbach magnet array cylinder type permanent magnet linear generator.Therefore, based on Halbach magnet array resonant mode permanent magnet linear generator form monolateral platypelloid type, bilateral platypelloid type, cylinder type are arranged.
Because the magnetic field of Halbach magnet array is the magnetic field that distributes by sine wave, the voltage waveform that has guaranteed generator is for sinusoidal wave.The magnetic signature of Halbach magnet array effectively improves the air gap flux density of a useful side, guarantees power generator air gap magnet density.Halbach magnet array has self magnetic screen, magnetic field has loop characteristic of one's own, significantly reduces leakage field, improves the operational efficiency of generator.Halbach magnet array, inside need not the core structure of stator and mover, and it has magnetic circuit of one's own, can realize that stator and mover do not have core structure, eliminates slot effect, thereby obtains no magnetic resistance mover, has reduced the volume of motor simultaneously.Halbach magnet array is not subjected to the saturated influence in magnetic field, in very little space very high magnetic flux density can be arranged.
Figure 25 illustrates double-flanged end Halbach magnet array permanent magnet linear generator general assembly example schematic.Among Figure 25, this structure comprises every magnetic shell 1, Halbach magnet array 2, resonant springs 3, mover assembly 4, chute pedestal 5, dividing plate 6, non-magnet material magnet array container 7, buffing pad 8.Wherein, have non-magnetic conduction and separated magnetic effect, and, be used for fixing the parts of generator as the outer rigid housing of generator every magnetic shell 1.Halbach magnet array 2 provides sine wave magnetic field for generator.Resonant springs 3 is converted to kinetic energy to mechanical energy when producing vibration, make mover assembly 4 produce resonance, and the coil windings cutting magnetic field produces induced electromotive force.Mover assembly 4 includes incorporate coil windings, coil windings and outreaches part, is with or without hollow out and the extension plate of chute is arranged.Chute pedestal 5 has gathering sill, the gathering sill pairing of this gathering sill and mover assembly, and in the gathering sill that is mated, lay ball, the motion to mover assembly 4 produces guide effect together.There are two chutes that permanent magnet can be installed on each chute pedestal 5, the chute of mover assembly 4 is installed permanent magnet equally at this moment, both opposite face polarity is identical, the principle of repelling mutually according to the same sex, make the permanent magnet of mover assembly 4 and the permanent magnet of chute pedestal 5 repel, mover assembly 4 is at the tangential magnetic suspension force that produces of motion, realize the magnetic suspension of mover assembly 4 radial motions, effectively reduced the frictional force that has been produced when using mechanical structure to slide, the energy loss of mover assembly 4 when the harmonic moving reduced to minimum.Dividing plate 6 is used to install buffing pad 8, and fixedly the chute pedestal 5.Non-magnet material magnet array container 7 is used to enclose solid magnet.Buffing pad 8 can be made by spring and cushion pad and form, and has to prevent that mover assembly 4 from crossing strokes, protection mover assembly 4 is crossed the impact of strokes and produced commutation power thus.In case mover assembly 4 touches or strike buffing pad, spring carries out compress energy storage, for mover assembly motion commutation provides commutation power.Buffing pad 8 can be made the buffing pad that permanent magnet is formed, the composition mode is: a permanent magnet is installed on dividing plate, a permanent magnet is installed on the corresponding position of mover assembly, both opposite face polarity is identical, according to the principle that the same sex is repelled mutually, have buffering equally and provide the function of commutation power for the motion of mover assembly commutates.
For Halbach magnet array 2, its mounting means magnetizes after can making integral type to magnet.The erection method and the magnet size of Halbach magnet array have various ways, and Figure 26 only shows wherein three kinds of split mounting type array examples, and the size of all split mounting type arrays and mode are all within the present technique category.Among Figure 26, the 1st, Halbach magnet array only is an example among the figure, Halbach magnet array can be an integral type; Halbach magnet array can be a split mounting type, and number of magnets has the magnet of varying number for different instances, can be seamless assembly unit between the magnet in the split mounting type Halbach magnet array, also can be the form assembly unit that certain interval is arranged.The 2nd, non-magnetic conduction rigid container, this container can be open containers or flat.
The present invention has listed a plurality of embodiment separately, but persons of ordinary skill in the art may appreciate that these embodiment can make up accordingly, and for example above-mentioned magnet array can be applied in the aforesaid magnet structure.
After Halbach magnet array can be made fixing profile, integral body magnetized.Through the whole magnet that magnetizes, can directly be positioned in the non-magnetic conduction rigid container, and with bonding agent magnet and non-magnetic conduction rigid container be cemented and to be fixed together.The magnet of Halbach magnet array after can magnetizing to the magnet of definite shape, carries out assembly unit again.Erection method uses bonding agent that magnet is bonded together, and is placed in the non-magnetic conduction rigid container, and with bonding agent magnet and non-magnetic conduction rigid container is cemented and to be fixed together.When split mounting type Halbach magnet array needs certain assembly unit gap, directly with bonding agent magnet is bonded in the non-magnetic conduction rigid container, glue, the solid envelope of epoxy resin filling etc. or space can be used in the gap.
In sum, structure of the present invention and whole system simple in structure, technical maturity, material can be buied easily, and market prospects are wide.The generating of this patent and charging device are made electronic device or independent self power generation battery, need not to use the charging of civil power or other form, and embedded especially application more can embody environmental protection, energy-conservation.
It should be noted that at last, above embodiment is only in order to describe technical scheme of the present invention rather than the present technique method is limited, the present invention can extend to other modification, variation, application and embodiment on using, and therefore thinks that all such modifications, variation, application, embodiment are in spirit of the present invention and teachings.
Claims (15)
1. resonant mode permanent magnet linear generator, comprise stator structure and mover structure, it is characterized in that, the mover structural configuration stator structure in the magnetic shell, be arranged in every the opposite side of magnetic shell, perhaps be positioned at the centre of two or more stator structures with respect to stator structure; Permanent magnet array in the mover structure provides magnetic field, and the winding in the stator structure slides in variable magnetic field and produces induced electromotive force, and a side of mover structure is provided with the chute structure, and the winding of stator slides with respect to mover in the chute structure.
2. linear electric generator according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described mover structure and arrange auxiliary iron yoke between the magnetic shell is used for reducing the transversal electromagnetic force of mover structure.
3. the described linear electric generator of claim 1, it is characterized in that, this mover structure comprises permanent magnetic material and coats the non-magnet material of this permanent magnetic material, this permanent magnetic material is arranged in the non-magnet material uniformly for by non-magnet material two or strip, the bulk or oval block of polylith at interval.
4. linear electric generator according to claim 1 is characterized in that, a described side or both sides every the magnetic enclosure are furnished with a plurality of such stator core groups: this stator core comprises every magnetic shell, stator core, winding and epoxy resin and sealing admittedly; Stator core, winding and epoxy resin seal a side that is arranged in the magnetic shell admittedly, stator core is attached to the sidewall every the magnetic shell, winding is positioned at the inside of stator core, and the outside link of winding is positioned at the opening part of stator core, and epoxy resin seals admittedly winding is sealed.
5. linear electric generator according to claim 3 is characterized in that, this mover structure also comprises the chute structure, and the substrate that non-magnet material forms is between the chute structure, and this chute structure comprises commutation spring, resonant springs, U-shaped chute and ball; In the U-shaped chute ball is set, substrate is interposed in the U-shaped chute, the end of substrate contacts with ball, in the U-shaped chute, slide up and down, the corresponding connection of connecting plate is used at two U-shaped chute two ends, each two ends at two U-shaped chutes are provided with the commutation spring, between substrate and two connecting plates resonant springs are set respectively.
6. linear electric generator according to claim 3 is characterized in that, this non-magnet material is stainless steel material or other carbide alloy or metal; Permanent magnetic material is such as neodymium iron boron, nickel cobalt, ferritic hard magnetic material.
7. linear electric generator according to claim 3 is characterized in that, by with non-magnetic conduction substrate punching press hollow out, forms hollow shape, arranges in hollow shape and magnetizes the permanent magnetic material powder; By applying or electroplating, constitute the mover structure of one then.
8. linear electric generator according to claim 3 is characterized in that, described non-magnetic conduction substrate is a tabular; The part hollow out of described non-magnetic conduction substrate is engraved out a plurality of dead slots in the non-magnetic conduction substrate, and this dead slot is not communicated with permanent magnetic material.
9. linear electric generator according to claim 8 is characterized in that this dead slot evenly is provided with, so that the stator movement equilibrium.
10. linear electric generator according to claim 5 is characterized in that, described non-magnetic conduction substrate slides in the U-shaped chute, arrive the end of U-shaped chute and the commutation spring of end and collide reverse slide, non-magnetic conduction substrate compacting resonant springs produces resonance mechanical energy is converted to kinetic energy.
11. linear electric generator according to claim 1 is characterized in that, this mover structure also comprises mover substrate and chute structure, and the mover substrate is between the chute structure, and this chute structure comprises commutation spring, resonant springs, U-shaped chute and ball.
12. linear electric generator according to claim 4 is characterized in that, the opening of stator core is half opening or standard-sized sheet mouth; Described winding is enamelled wire winding or printed coil; Described is rectangle every the magnetic shell, vacant every the opposite side of magnetic shell.
13. linear electric generator according to claim 4, wherein said opposite side every the magnetic shell comprises that also second stator core, second winding and second epoxy resin seal admittedly, second stator core is attached to this opposite side every the magnetic shell, second winding is positioned at the inside of this second stator core, the outside link of second winding is positioned at the opening part of second stator core, and second epoxy resin seals admittedly second winding is sealed.
14. linear electric generator according to claim 4, it is characterized in that, described the same side every magnetic shell layout iron core comprises that also the 3rd stator core, the tertiary winding and the 3rd epoxy resin seal admittedly, the 3rd stator core is attached to every the same side of magnetic shell and described iron core isolates by the NULL plate, the tertiary winding is positioned at the inside of the 3rd stator core, the outside link of the tertiary winding is positioned at the opening part of the 3rd stator core, and the 3rd epoxy resin seals admittedly the tertiary winding is sealed.
15. linear electric generator according to claim 4, it is characterized in that, a plurality of such stator core groups are arranged in a described side or both sides every the magnetic shell: stator core is attached to the sidewall every the magnetic shell, winding is positioned at the inside of this stator core, the outside link of winding is positioned at the opening part of stator core, and epoxy resin seals admittedly winding is sealed; The stator core group of the same side is isolated by the NULL plate; The end line series connection of described winding or in parallel.
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| CN109302040A (en) * | 2018-11-16 | 2019-02-01 | 中山市探海仪器有限公司 | Interior dynamic formula resonance wave-activated generator |
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| CN1604435A (en) * | 2003-09-29 | 2005-04-06 | 良峰塑胶机械股份有限公司 | Charging equipment |
| CN1604436A (en) * | 2004-11-04 | 2005-04-06 | 何崇中 | A miniature vibration electric generator |
| CN101202491A (en) * | 2006-12-11 | 2008-06-18 | 谭晛 | Vibrator wave power generator |
| CN101567613A (en) * | 2009-01-22 | 2009-10-28 | 东南大学 | Linear permanent-magnet generator |
| CN101741209A (en) * | 2008-11-10 | 2010-06-16 | 索尼株式会社 | Electric power generating apparatus |
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| CN1604435A (en) * | 2003-09-29 | 2005-04-06 | 良峰塑胶机械股份有限公司 | Charging equipment |
| CN1604436A (en) * | 2004-11-04 | 2005-04-06 | 何崇中 | A miniature vibration electric generator |
| CN101202491A (en) * | 2006-12-11 | 2008-06-18 | 谭晛 | Vibrator wave power generator |
| CN101741209A (en) * | 2008-11-10 | 2010-06-16 | 索尼株式会社 | Electric power generating apparatus |
| CN101567613A (en) * | 2009-01-22 | 2009-10-28 | 东南大学 | Linear permanent-magnet generator |
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| CN109302040A (en) * | 2018-11-16 | 2019-02-01 | 中山市探海仪器有限公司 | Interior dynamic formula resonance wave-activated generator |
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