CN102061410B - Al-Mg-Si alloy sheet and manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents
Al-Mg-Si alloy sheet and manufacturing method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses an Al-Mg-Si alloy sheet and a manufacturing method thereof, belonging to the technical field of materials. The Al-Mg-Si alloy sheet contains the following components in percentage by weight: 0.4-0.8 percent of Mg, 1-1.5 percent of Si, 0.7-0.8 percent of Cu, 0.1-0.3 percent of Mn, 0.1-0.5 percent of Er, 0.1-0.2 percent of Zr and the balance of Al. The manufacturing method comprises the following steps of: preheating the Al, and then melting in a heating furnace; preheating Al-Er alloy, Al-Zr alloy, Al-Cu alloy, Al-Si alloy and Al-Mn alloy, and adding into the molten metal Al, melting and then preserving the heat; cooling to 735+/-5 DEG C, stirring, slagging off, and adding a covering agent; pressing the metal Mg into the melt by using a bell jar, preserving the heat to obtain molten alloy; pressing solid hexachloroethane into the molten alloy by using the bell jar, cooling and pouring after no bubbles are generated, and solidifying to obtain an alloy blank; heating the alloy blank, preserving the heat, and then cooling, performing hot rolling and cold rolling at normal temperature, and then preserving the heat for 1-2h at the temperature of 540+/-5 DEG C, quenching, secondarily raising the temperature to 180+/-5 DEG C and preserving the heat for 4-5h. The Al-Mg-Si alloy sheet provided by the invention has the advantages of favorable performance and simplicity in manufacturing method, improved process effect and reduced production energy consumption.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the material technology field, particularly a kind of AlMgSi sheet alloy and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Aludur is a kind of faster alloy of Hyundai Motor industry development; Receive the extensive attention of world car industry at present, based on energy conservation and environment protection, Aludur has use basis widely as automobile with light material; Automobile vendor and scientific research institution are are all actively researching and developing aluminum alloy for vehicle body plate; Reach stabilised quality, optimize technology, the purpose that reduces cost.Heat-treatable strengthened AlMgSi is an alloy owing to have medium tenacity, higher plasticity, excellent weldability, and cold-workability is good; Forgeability is good; Afterwards surface quality is good for surface non-scale, forging during forge hot, and process redundancy is little, and the material solidity to corrosion is good; Characteristics such as stress-free corrosion tearing tendency quite receive automaker's welcome in making body of a motor car and crucial stressed member.
Yet can't meet the demands on unit elongation and the tensile strength in the present Aludur, developing the better Aludur of a kind of over-all properties is present urgent problem.
Summary of the invention
To the deficiency on the existing Aludur performance, the present invention provides a kind of AlMgSi sheet alloy and preparation method thereof; Through in Aludur, adding trace rare-earth element, and reasonable technology, prepare tensile strength and surpass 400MPa, the AlMgSi alloy of unit elongation more than 17%.
The composition of AlMgSi sheet alloy of the present invention contains Mg 0.4 ~ 0.8% by weight percentage, and Si 1 ~ 1.5%, and Cu 0.7 ~ 0.8%, and Mn 0.1 ~ 0.3%, and Er 0.1 ~ 0.5%, and Zr 0.1 ~ 0.2%, and surplus is Al.
The tensile strength of above-mentioned AlMgSi sheet alloy>400MPa, ys>300MPa, unit elongation>17%.
Contain the ErMnSi phase in the above-mentioned AlMgSi sheet alloy.
The preparation method of AlMgSi sheet alloy of the present invention carries out according to the following steps:
1, with metallic aluminium at 200 ~ 250 ℃ of preheating 1 ~ 2h, placing temperature then is that 755 ± 5 ℃ process furnace melts;
2, with AlEr alloy, AlZr alloy, AlCu alloy, AlSi alloy and AlMn alloy respectively at 200 ~ 250 ℃ of preheating 1 ~ 2h, join then in the molten metal aluminium, treat that alloy is all after the fusing, at 755 ± 5 ℃ of insulation 15 ~ 20min;
When 3, the melt after waiting to be incubated cools to 735 ± 5 ℃, melt is stirred, skim then, add insulating covering agent again, the add-on of insulating covering agent is 2 ~ 3% of a melt gross weight;
4, with bell jar MAGNESIUM METAL 99 is pressed in the melt behind 3 ~ 5min, takes out bell jar,, obtain molten alloy at 735 ± 5 ℃ of insulation 30 ~ 40min; The consumption of various metals and alloy is Mg 0.4 ~ 0.8% by the weight percent of each element in the molten alloy, and Si 1 ~ 1.5%, and Cu 0.7 ~ 0.8%; Mn 0.1 ~ 0.3%, and Er 0.1 ~ 0.5%, and Zr 0.1 ~ 0.2%; Surplus is Al, and MAGNESIUM METAL 99 is by the excessive adding 80 ~ 100% of add-on;
5, with bell jar solid-state Sesquichloratum is pressed into removal of impurities in the molten alloy; The consumption of Sesquichloratum is 4 ~ 5% of a molten alloy gross weight; After fusion gold fusion stops to produce bubble; Molten alloy is cooled to 680 ~ 700 ℃, is poured into through base in the crucible of 200 ± 5 ℃ of preheating 1 ~ 2h again, molten alloy solidifies the back and obtains alloy billet;
6, alloy billet is heated to 520 ± 5 ℃ of insulation 10 ~ 15h and carries out homogenizing annealing; Cool to 430 ± 5 ℃ of insulation 1 ~ 2h then, under 430 ± 5 ℃ of conditions, carry out three passage hot rollings again, the normal temperature that carries out three passages again is cold rolling; Requiring total reduction is 85 ~ 90%, obtains rolled plate;
7, rolled plate is carried out solid solution at 540 ± 5 ℃ of insulation 1 ~ 2h, quench with normal-temperature water then, be warmed up to 180 ± 5 ℃ of insulation 4 ~ 5h again and carry out timeliness thermal treatment, obtain the AlMgSi sheet alloy.
Melt is stirred in the aforesaid method is the conjunctiva upper shed at bath surface, stirs up and down in melt with bar-shaped object, makes melt-mixing even.
Skimming in the aforesaid method is will skim spoon earlier at 200 ~ 250 ℃ of preheating 1 ~ 2h, takes the impurity of melt top off with the spoon of skimming then.
In the aforesaid method with bell jar with MAGNESIUM METAL 99 be pressed in the melt be earlier with bell jar at 200 ~ 250 ℃ of preheating 1 ~ 2h, then MAGNESIUM METAL 99 is put into bell jar, with bell jar MAGNESIUM METAL 99 is pressed in the melt.
In the aforesaid method with bell jar with solid-state Sesquichloratum be pressed in the molten alloy be earlier with bell jar at 200 ~ 250 ℃ of preheating 1 ~ 2h, then solid-state Sesquichloratum is put into bell jar, with bell jar solid-state Sesquichloratum is pressed in the melt.
Above-mentioned insulating covering agent is the mixing salt of Repone K and sodium-chlor, and wherein the weight percent of Repone K is 50%.
When carrying out three passage hot rollings in the aforesaid method, the draught of first passage is controlled at 45 ~ 50%, after every time hot rolling is accomplished alloy billet is carried out recrystallization annealing at 430 ± 5 ℃ of insulation 10 ~ 15min, to eliminate resistance to deformation.
The composition of AlMgSi sheet alloy of the present invention is common metal mostly, and the rare earth element dosage that contains is few, and cost of alloy increases less; Through rational elementary composition and preparation technology; Can obtain over-all properties sheet alloy product, the preparation process need not adopt specific installation, adopts cold rolling mode after the hot rolling; Improve technological effect, reduced production energy consumption.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the rolled plate outside drawing in the embodiment of the invention 1;
Fig. 2 is the AlMgSi sheet alloy metallographic structure figure in the embodiment of the invention 1;
Fig. 3 is the AlMgSi sheet alloy XRD thing phasor in the embodiment of the invention 1.
Embodiment
Metallic aluminium weight purity >=99.99% that adopts in the embodiment of the invention;
MAGNESIUM METAL 99 weight purity >=99.99% that adopts in the embodiment of the invention;
The AlEr alloy of selecting for use in the embodiment of the invention is commercial Al-13Er alloy;
The AlZr alloy of selecting for use in the embodiment of the invention is commercial Al-4Zr alloy;
The AlCu alloy of selecting for use in the embodiment of the invention is commercial Al-50Cu alloy;
The AlSi alloy of selecting for use in the embodiment of the invention is commercial Al-26Si alloy;
The AlMn alloy of selecting for use in the embodiment of the invention is commercial Al-10Mn alloy;
The solid-state Sesquichloratum that adopts in the embodiment of the invention is commercial product;
Repone K that adopts in the embodiment of the invention and sodium-chlor are commercial product;
The process furnace that adopts in the embodiment of the invention is a 30kW well formula resistance furnace;
The crucible that adopts in the embodiment of the invention is a plumbago crucible;
Melt is stirred in the embodiment of the invention is the conjunctiva upper shed at bath surface, stirs up and down in melt with metal bar, makes melt-mixing even.
Embodiment 1
At 200 ℃ of preheating 2h, placing temperature then is that 755 ± 5 ℃ process furnace melts with metallic aluminium;
AlEr alloy, AlZr alloy, AlCu alloy, AlSi alloy and AlMn alloy respectively at 200 ℃ of preheating 2h, are joined in the molten metal aluminium then, treat that alloy is all after the fusing, at 755 ± 5 ℃ of insulation 15min;
When the melt after waiting to be incubated cools to 735 ± 5 ℃; Melt is stirred, and the spoon of will skimming is skimmed with the spoon of skimming at 200 ℃ of preheating 2h then; Add insulating covering agent again; Insulating covering agent is the mixing salt of Repone K and sodium-chlor, and wherein the weight percent of Repone K is 50%, and the add-on of insulating covering agent is 2% of a melt gross weight;
Earlier with bell jar at 250 ℃ of preheating 1h, then MAGNESIUM METAL 99 is put into bell jar, with bell jar MAGNESIUM METAL 99 is pressed in the melt behind the 3min, take out bell jar, at 735 ± 5 ℃ of insulation 40min, obtain molten alloy; The consumption of various metals and alloy is Mg 0.8% by the weight percent of each element in the molten alloy, and Si 1%, and Cu 0.8%, and Mn 0.2%, and Er 0.4%, and Zr 0.15%, and surplus is Al, and MAGNESIUM METAL 99 is by the excessive adding 100% of add-on;
Earlier with bell jar at 250 ℃ of preheating 1h; Then solid-state Sesquichloratum is put into bell jar, with bell jar solid-state Sesquichloratum is pressed into removal of impurities in the molten alloy, the consumption of Sesquichloratum is 5% of a molten alloy gross weight; After fusion gold fusion stops to produce bubble; Molten alloy is cooled to 700 ℃, is poured into through base in the crucible of 200 ± 5 ℃ of preheating 1h again, molten alloy solidifies the back and obtains alloy billet;
Alloy billet is heated to 520 ± 5 ℃ of insulation 15h; Cool to 430 ± 5 ℃ of insulation 1h then, under 430 ± 5 ℃ of conditions, carry out three passage hot rollings again, the draught of first passage is controlled at 47%; After every time hot rolling is accomplished alloy billet is carried out recrystallization annealing at 430 ± 5 ℃ of insulation 15min; The normal temperature that carries out three passages after hot rolling is accomplished again is cold rolling, and requiring hot rolling and cold rolling total reduction is 86%, obtains rolled plate;
Rolled plate is carried out solid solution at 540 ± 5 ℃ of insulation 2h, quench with normal-temperature water then, be warmed up to 180 ± 5 ℃ of insulation 5h again, obtain the AlMgSi sheet alloy; Its composition contains Mg 0.8% by weight percentage, and Si 1%, and Cu 0.8%, and Mn 0.2%; Er 0.4%, and Zr 0.15%, and surplus is Al; Tensile strength 437.7MPa, ys 352.8MPa, unit elongation 19%; Contain the ErMnSi phase in the AlMgSi sheet alloy; Outward appearance is as shown in Figure 1, and metallographic structure is as shown in Figure 2, and XRD is as shown in Figure 3.
Embodiment 2
At 220 ℃ of preheating 2h, placing temperature then is that 755 ± 5 ℃ process furnace melts with metallic aluminium;
AlEr alloy, AlZr alloy, AlCu alloy, AlSi alloy and AlMn alloy respectively at 230 ℃ of preheating 2h, are joined in the molten metal aluminium then, treat that alloy is all after the fusing, at 755 ± 5 ℃ of insulation 16min;
When the melt after waiting to be incubated cools to 735 ± 5 ℃; Melt is stirred, and the spoon of will skimming is skimmed with the spoon of skimming at 250 ℃ of preheating 1h then; Add insulating covering agent again; Insulating covering agent is the mixing salt of Repone K and sodium-chlor, and wherein the weight percent of Repone K is 50%, and the add-on of insulating covering agent is 3% of a melt gross weight;
Earlier with bell jar at 240 ℃ of preheating 1h, then MAGNESIUM METAL 99 is put into bell jar, with bell jar MAGNESIUM METAL 99 is pressed in the melt behind the 4min, take out bell jar, at 735 ± 5 ℃ of insulation 35min, obtain molten alloy; The consumption of various metals and alloy is Mg 0.4% by the weight percent of each element in the molten alloy, and Si 1.5%, and Cu 0.7%, and Mn 0.3%, and Er 0.5%, and Zr 0.2%, and surplus is Al, and MAGNESIUM METAL 99 is by the excessive adding 80% of add-on;
Earlier with bell jar at 240 ℃ of preheating 1h; Then solid-state Sesquichloratum is put into bell jar, with bell jar solid-state Sesquichloratum is pressed into removal of impurities in the molten alloy, the consumption of Sesquichloratum is 4% of a molten alloy gross weight; After fusion gold fusion stops to produce bubble; Molten alloy is cooled to 700 ℃, is poured into through base in the crucible of 200 ± 5 ℃ of preheating 2h again, molten alloy solidifies the back and obtains alloy billet;
Alloy billet is heated to 520 ± 5 ℃ of insulation 14h; Cool to 430 ± 5 ℃ of insulation 2h then, under 430 ± 5 ℃ of conditions, carry out three passage hot rollings again, the draught of first passage is controlled at 50%; After every time hot rolling is accomplished alloy billet is carried out recrystallization annealing at 430 ± 5 ℃ of insulation 13min; The normal temperature that carries out three passages after hot rolling is accomplished again is cold rolling, and requiring hot rolling and cold rolling total reduction is 89%, obtains rolled plate;
Rolled plate is carried out solid solution at 540 ± 5 ℃ of insulation 1h, quench with normal-temperature water then, be warmed up to 180 ± 5 ℃ of insulation 5h again, obtain the AlMgSi sheet alloy; Its composition contains Mg 0.4% by weight percentage, and Si 1.5%, and Cu 0.7%, and Mn 0.3%; Er 0.5%, and Zr 0.2%, and surplus is Al; Tensile strength 426.3MPa, ys 342.6MPa, unit elongation 18%.
Embodiment 3
At 240 ℃ of preheating 1h, placing temperature then is that 755 ± 5 ℃ process furnace melts with metallic aluminium;
AlEr alloy, AlZr alloy, AlCu alloy, AlSi alloy and AlMn alloy respectively at 240 ℃ of preheating 1h, are joined in the molten metal aluminium then, treat that alloy is all after the fusing, at 755 ± 5 ℃ of insulation 18min;
When the melt after waiting to be incubated cools to 735 ± 5 ℃; Melt is stirred, and the spoon of will skimming is skimmed with the spoon of skimming at 240 ℃ of preheating 1h then; Add insulating covering agent again; Insulating covering agent is the mixing salt of Repone K and sodium-chlor, and wherein the weight percent of Repone K is 50%, and the add-on of insulating covering agent is 2.5% of a melt gross weight;
Earlier with bell jar at 220 ℃ of preheating 2h, then MAGNESIUM METAL 99 is put into bell jar, with bell jar MAGNESIUM METAL 99 is pressed in the melt behind the 5min, take out bell jar, at 735 ± 5 ℃ of insulation 30min, obtain molten alloy; The consumption of various metals and alloy is Mg0.8% by the weight percent of each element in the molten alloy, and Si 1%, Cu0.8%, and Mn 0.2%, and Er 0.2%, and Zr 0.15%, and surplus is Al, and MAGNESIUM METAL 99 is by the excessive adding 90% of add-on;
Earlier with bell jar at 220 ℃ of preheating 2h; Then solid-state Sesquichloratum is put into bell jar, with bell jar solid-state Sesquichloratum is pressed into removal of impurities in the molten alloy, the consumption of Sesquichloratum is 5% of a molten alloy gross weight; After fusion gold fusion stops to produce bubble; Molten alloy is cooled to 690 ℃, is poured into through base in the crucible of 200 ± 5 ℃ of preheating 2h again, molten alloy solidifies the back and obtains alloy billet;
Alloy billet is heated to 520 ± 5 ℃ of insulation 12h; Cool to 430 ± 5 ℃ of insulation 2h then, under 430 ± 5 ℃ of conditions, carry out three passage hot rollings again, the draught of first passage is controlled at 45%; After every time hot rolling is accomplished alloy billet is carried out recrystallization annealing at 430 ± 5 ℃ of insulation 12min; The normal temperature that carries out three passages after hot rolling is accomplished again is cold rolling, and requiring hot rolling and cold rolling total reduction is 85%, obtains rolled plate;
Rolled plate is carried out solid solution at 540 ± 5 ℃ of insulation 2h, quench with normal-temperature water then, be warmed up to 180 ± 5 ℃ of insulation 4h again, obtain the AlMgSi sheet alloy; Its composition contains Mg0.8% by weight percentage, and Si 1%, Cu0.8%, and Mn 0.2%; Er 0.2%, and Zr 0.15%, and surplus is Al; Tensile strength 400.5MPa, ys 321.5MPa, unit elongation 18%.
Embodiment 4
At 250 ℃ of preheating 1h, placing temperature then is that 755 ± 5 ℃ process furnace melts with metallic aluminium;
AlEr alloy, AlZr alloy, AlCu alloy, AlSi alloy and AlMn alloy respectively at 250 ℃ of preheating 1h, are joined in the molten metal aluminium then, treat that alloy is all after the fusing, at 755 ± 5 ℃ of insulation 20min;
When the melt after waiting to be incubated cools to 735 ± 5 ℃; Melt is stirred, and the spoon of will skimming is skimmed with the spoon of skimming at 230 ℃ of preheating 2h then; Add insulating covering agent again; Insulating covering agent is the mixing salt of Repone K and sodium-chlor, and wherein the weight percent of Repone K is 50%, and the add-on of insulating covering agent is 2.5% of a melt gross weight;
Earlier with bell jar at 200 ℃ of preheating 2h, then MAGNESIUM METAL 99 is put into bell jar, with bell jar MAGNESIUM METAL 99 is pressed in the melt behind the 4min, take out bell jar, at 735 ± 5 ℃ of insulation 30min, obtain molten alloy; The consumption of various metals and alloy is Mg 0.6% by the weight percent of each element in the molten alloy, and Si 1.3%, and Cu 0.75%, and Mn 0.1%, and Er 0.1%, and Zr 0.1%, and surplus is Al, and MAGNESIUM METAL 99 is by the excessive adding 100% of add-on;
Earlier with bell jar at 200 ℃ of preheating 2h; Then solid-state Sesquichloratum is put into bell jar, with bell jar solid-state Sesquichloratum is pressed into removal of impurities in the molten alloy, the consumption of Sesquichloratum is 5% of a molten alloy gross weight; After fusion gold fusion stops to produce bubble; Molten alloy is cooled to 680 ℃, is poured into through base in the crucible of 200 ± 5 ℃ of preheating 1h again, molten alloy solidifies the back and obtains alloy billet;
Alloy billet is heated to 520 ± 5 ℃ of insulation 10h; Cool to 430 ± 5 ℃ of insulation 1h then, under 430 ± 5 ℃ of conditions, carry out three passage hot rollings again, the draught of first passage is controlled at 48%; After every time hot rolling is accomplished alloy billet is carried out recrystallization annealing at 430 ± 5 ℃ of insulation 10min; The normal temperature that carries out three passages after hot rolling is accomplished again is cold rolling, and requiring hot rolling and cold rolling total reduction is 90%, obtains rolled plate;
Rolled plate is carried out solid solution at 540 ± 5 ℃ of insulation 1h, quench with normal-temperature water then, be warmed up to 180 ± 5 ℃ of insulation 4.5h again, obtain the AlMgSi sheet alloy; Its composition contains Mg 0.6% by weight percentage, and Si 1.3%, and Cu 0.75%, and Mn 0.1%; Er 0.1%, and Zr 0.1%, and surplus is Al; Tensile strength 419.8MPa, ys 334.1MPa, unit elongation 19%.
Claims (1)
1. an AlMgSi sheet alloy is characterized in that composition contains Mg 0.4 ~ 0.8% by weight percentage, and Si 1 ~ 1.5%, and Cu 0.7 ~ 0.8%, and Mn 0.1 ~ 0.3%, and Er 0.1 ~ 0.5%, and Zr 0.1 ~ 0.2%, and surplus is Al; The tensile strength of sheet alloy>400MPa, ys>300MPa, unit elongation>17%; The preparation method carries out according to the following steps:
(1) with metallic aluminium at 200 ~ 250 ℃ of preheating 1 ~ 2h, placing temperature then is that 755 ± 5 ℃ process furnace melts;
(2) with AlEr alloy, AlZr alloy, AlCu alloy, AlSi alloy and AlMn alloy respectively at 200 ~ 250 ℃ of preheating 1 ~ 2h, join then in the molten metal aluminium, treat that alloy is all after the fusing, at 755 ± 5 ℃ of insulation 15 ~ 20min;
When (3) melt after waiting to be incubated cools to 735 ± 5 ℃, melt is stirred, skim then, add insulating covering agent again, the add-on of insulating covering agent is 2 ~ 3% of a melt gross weight;
(4) with bell jar MAGNESIUM METAL 99 is pressed in the melt behind 3 ~ 5min, takes out bell jar,, obtain molten alloy at 735 ± 5 ℃ of insulation 30 ~ 40min; The consumption of various metals and alloy is Mg 0.4 ~ 0.8% by the weight percent of each element in the molten alloy, and Si 1 ~ 1.5%, and Cu 0.7 ~ 0.8%; Mn 0.1 ~ 0.3%, and Er 0.1 ~ 0.5%, and Zr 0.1 ~ 0.2%; Surplus is Al, and MAGNESIUM METAL 99 is by the excessive adding 80 ~ 100% of add-on;
(5) with bell jar solid-state Sesquichloratum is pressed in the molten alloy; The consumption of Sesquichloratum is 4 ~ 5% of a molten alloy gross weight; After fusion gold fusion stops to produce bubble; Molten alloy is cooled to 680 ~ 700 ℃, is poured into again, solidify the back and obtain alloy billet through base in the crucible of 200 ± 5 ℃ of preheating 1 ~ 2h;
(6) alloy billet is heated to 520 ± 5 ℃ of insulation 10 ~ 15h; Cool to 430 ± 5 ℃ of insulation 1 ~ 2h then, under 430 ± 5 ℃ of conditions, carry out three passage hot rollings again, and then it is cold rolling to carry out the normal temperature of three passages; Requiring total reduction is 85 ~ 90%, obtains rolled plate;
(7) rolled plate is incubated 1 ~ 2h at 540 ± 5 ℃, quenches with normal-temperature water then, be warmed up to 180 ± 5 ℃ of insulation 4 ~ 5h again, obtain the AlMgSi sheet alloy.
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Denomination of invention: A kind of AlMgSi alloy plate and its preparation method Effective date of registration: 20210708 Granted publication date: 20120704 Pledgee: Bank of China Limited by Share Ltd. Haian branch Pledgor: HAIAN COUNTY STAR ELECTRICAL MATERIAL Co.,Ltd. Registration number: Y2021980005878 |
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