CN102060482A - Self-compacting concrete - Google Patents
Self-compacting concrete Download PDFInfo
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- CN102060482A CN102060482A CN2010105439873A CN201010543987A CN102060482A CN 102060482 A CN102060482 A CN 102060482A CN 2010105439873 A CN2010105439873 A CN 2010105439873A CN 201010543987 A CN201010543987 A CN 201010543987A CN 102060482 A CN102060482 A CN 102060482A
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- 239000011376 self-consolidating concrete Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 41
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 37
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 150000001732 carboxylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 abstract description 73
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 30
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000002910 solid waste Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000000740 bleeding effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000005204 segregation Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000015271 coagulation Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000005345 coagulation Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000008030 superplasticizer Substances 0.000 abstract 4
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000010883 coal ash Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000003111 delayed effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 20
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 description 13
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 11
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 10
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 9
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 235000011089 carbon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 description 3
- 230000003467 diminishing effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 3
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000013543 active substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000005431 greenhouse gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000036571 hydration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006703 hydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
- BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M sulfonate Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)=O BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 208000034189 Sclerosis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005056 compaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007334 copolymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000280 densification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229920000578 graft copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011440 grout Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001165 hydrophobic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 1
- 239000003317 industrial substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003999 initiator Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000002045 lasting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000693 micelle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004570 mortar (masonry) Substances 0.000 description 1
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920005646 polycarboxylate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012254 powdered material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000004 severe toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229960001866 silicon dioxide Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009827 uniform distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011800 void material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to self-compacting concrete which is used for overcoming the contradiction between flowability and stability, early strength and delayed coagulation, contraction and expansion and the like of the self-compacting concrete in the prior art. In the invention, by means of combination of an aliphatic (hydroxyl) sulfonate superplasticizer and a polycarboxylic acid superplasticizer, selection and collocation of a cementing material and coarse and fine aggregates as well as specific mix design, the self-compacting concrete (more than C40) with low consumption of the cementing material is prepared from coal ash, mineral powder and tailings, wherein, a ketoaldehyde condensate is taken as the main component of the aliphatic (hydroxyl) sulfonate superplasticizer; and when the superplasticizer is added to cement paste, the mixed concrete has the advantages of good construction workability, less possibility of bleeding and segregation, no crystallization precipitate at low temperature and the like. Compared with the prior art, the self-compacting concrete prepared by the method provided by the invention has the advantages of lowering cement consumption by at least 70kg/m<3>, reducing consumption of the cementing material by at least 70kg/m<3>, comprehensively utilizing at least 470kg/m<3> of solid waste, and lowering concrete cost by at least **yuan/m<3>.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of self-compacting concrete, particularly a kind of above low glue material self-compacting concrete of C40 that substitutes the preparation of part gelling material with special thin CHARACTERISTICS OF TAILINGS SAND.
Background technology
Self-compacting concrete is novel material and the new technology that occurs in the world early 1980s.The characteristics of self-compacting concrete are to have good flowability, can self-compacting under the deadweight effect; Have good homogeneous and stability, bleeding not when fluidised form, non-foaming; Sclerosis back volume stability is good, does not produce shrinkage crack; Presetting period is longer, and final setting time is shorter, has higher early strength; Surfacing, wear resistance are good; Stronger with the base material cohesive force; Be used for pumping construction and can save labour and executive cost, improve operating efficiency and quality, speed up the work.
Self-compacting concrete be by cement, sand, adulterant, super to mould mixtures such as agent, stablizer formulated, gets final product pumping construction behind the blunge.This concrete requires very strict to starting material and proportioning, solve following major technique key: the contradiction of large fluidity and stability, the contradiction of early strong and slow setting is shunk and expansible contradiction.
Self-compacting concrete is filled the used powdered material in space that forms when piling up that gathers materials and is essentially the gelling material slurry that cement and flyash etc. form at present.Self-compacting concrete gel material content of the prior art is generally at 500kg/m
3More than, cement consumption is generally at 350kg/m
3More than.Cement is the main raw material(s) in the self-compacting concrete gelling material glue material, and the higher meeting of cement consumption causes easily that because hydration heat of cement is too high the concrete shrinkage value is bigger than normal, and is unfavorable to concrete Crack Control and the concrete weather resistance of raising.Cement consumption is many, and the price height makes that the self-compacting concrete cost of the higher-strength that the holding at high price of self-compacting concrete, particularly C40 are above is higher, and this also makes applying of self-compacting concrete be restricted.
Stand in point of view of environment protection and see, mankind's activity institute emission greenhouse gas 10% from cement concrete industry, cement concrete industry has very big reduction of discharging potentiality.Cement industry is the emission of carbon-dioxide rich and influential family, and its quantity discharged accounts for 5% of total carbon dioxide capacity that mankind's activity produces, and global Cement industry must be captured the problem of reducing emission of carbon dioxide in future development.China is maximum in the world manufacture of cement state, and cement output was broken through 16.3 hundred million tons in 2009, accounted for more than 50% of global ultimate production.The greenhouse gases of Cement industry discharging are carbonic acid gas more than 99%, and 1 ton of cement clinker of every production approximately just produces 1 ton of carbon dioxide.China's cement clinker output was about 10.5 hundred million tons in 2009, about 8.4 hundred million tons of CO2 emissions.Cement industry is the leading enterprise of unit output value CO2 emissions, and the concrete industry is the maximum user of Cement industry.
Mine tailing is the waste that mining firm discharges under certain condition of technology and economy.According to statistics, before 2000, the mine tailing total amount of China's mine output is 50.26 hundred million tons, and wherein the iron ore mine amount is 26.14 hundred million tons.Mine tailing accounts for about 1/3 of national solid waste, but the comprehensive utilization of tailing rate only is about 8.2%, and mine tailing enters river course, cheuch, lowland, pollutes the water and soil atmosphere, destroys environment, and even the disaster of causing.Mill tailings is stored up the place and has also been taken a large amount of farmlands, forest land, and environment is also had certain pollution.Along with national strengthen environmental protection and land management; the improvement of mine tailing and utilization have become the pressing issues that must solve; but only reclaim valuable mine tailing and still do not handle remaining a large amount of mine tailings, have only that utilization is only basic way as material of construction with mine tailing.
In sum, making full use of solid waste, reduce the consumption of cement, is the key subjects of pendulum in the concrete industry, and development China low-carbon economy, recycling economy, energy-saving and emission-reduction are had great significance.
Summary of the invention
For overcome in the prior art mobile and stability, early strong and slow setting, shrink the contradiction with appearance such as expansion, the present invention uses selection and collocation and the specific proportioning design of aliphatics (hydroxyl) sulfonate high efficiency water reducing agent in conjunction with high-efficiency water-reducing agent of poly-carboxylic acid, consolidating material and coarse-fine aggregate, comprehensive utilization flyash, breeze and CHARACTERISTICS OF TAILINGS SAND are prepared a kind of low glue material self-compacting concrete.
Self-compacting concrete of the present invention is formulated by weight percentage by following composition:
Cement 200～300kg/m
3Adulterant 100～300kg/m
3
Admixture 8～15kg/m
3Wash special fine sand 200～350kg/m
3
Medium sand 550～700kg/m
3Stone 800～1000kg/m
3
Water consumption 130～160kg/m
3
Wherein said admixture is 4～12kg/m
3High-efficiency water-reducing agent of poly-carboxylic acid and 1.5～8kg/m
3The mixture of aliphatics (hydroxyl) sulfonate high efficiency water reducing agent.
The present invention's self-compacting concrete prescription preferably is:
Cement 280kg/m
3Adulterant 175kg/m
3
Admixture 8.2kg/m
3Wash special fine sand 230kg/m
3
Medium sand 645kg/m
3Stone is in 900kg/m
3
Water consumption 146kg/m
3
Wherein said admixture is 6.6kg/m
3High-efficiency water-reducing agent of poly-carboxylic acid and 1.6kg/m
3The mixture of aliphatics (hydroxyl) sulfonate high efficiency water reducing agent.
The special fine sand of washing is the part of mine tailing among the present invention, fineness modulus 0.5～0.9, SiO
2 Content 50%～70%; Used adulterant has flyash at present, and breeze or the like replaces part adulterant and cement with special thin CHARACTERISTICS OF TAILINGS SAND among the present invention.Employing is carried out compound than the building stones of 5～25mm commonly used in the stone of small particle size and the prior art, improve the grating of coarse aggregate, when than small particle size (when the building stones compositely proportional of 5～16mm) stone and commonly used 5～25mm reaches 50%～60%, the voidage minimum (as shown in Figure 1) of the aggregate of stone can reach the maximum degree of compactness of piling up; Described water-cement ratio is 0.26～0.35, and sand coarse aggregate ratio is 40～52%; Described adulterant is flyash and breeze, and the two ratio is 1: 1.25～1: 2.Admixture is high-efficiency water-reducing agent of poly-carboxylic acid and aliphatics (hydroxyl) sulfonate high efficiency water reducing agent compound (the two ratio is 8: 1～1: 1), and effect is 4: 1 for the two ratio preferably.
Described aliphatics (hydroxyl) sulfonate high efficiency water reducing agent main component is the keto-aldehyde condenses, contain hydroxyl in the molecule, carboxyl, functional groups such as sulfonic group, its number-average molecular weight is between 4000～8000, wherein carboxyl and sulfonic group are the strong hydrophilicity bases, when this class admixture joins in the cement slurry, form electrostatic double layer, producing electrostatic repulsion thus disperses cement granules, discharge mixing water and reach the diminishing plasticizing effect, be used to mix the system concrete mix, have cohesiveness, construction workability is good, be difficult for the bleeding segregation, its water solvent (concentration 〉=30%) does not have the crystalline deposit thing when low temperature (≤5 ℃), do not freeze in the time of-10 ℃, when not increasing antifreezing component, the frostproofer that can be used as specified temperature-5 ℃ uses.
High-efficiency water-reducing agent of poly-carboxylic acid is that a kind of molecular structure is the tensio-active agent that contains the carboxyl graft copolymer, its molecule is comb shaped structure, the stronger a plurality of active groups of band polarity on the main chain, side chain has the hydrophilic active group, and it mainly forms by unsaturated monomer copolymerization under the initiator effect.On molecular backbone chain, be connected to many side chains (side chain) that certain-length and rigidity are arranged.On main chain, also have and to make the charged sulfonate of cement granules or other group, can play the effect of traditional water reducer, after the more important thing is that in case main chain is adsorbed on cement particle surface, a chain formation flyover of side chain and other particle surface, it is approaching mutually to have hindered particle, thereby reaches dispersion (being diminishing) effect.This sterically hindered effect does not weaken with time lengthening, and therefore, the dissemination of polycarboxylate water-reducer is more lasting.The high-efficiency water-reducing agent of poly-carboxylic acid volume is low, water-reducing rate is high, and water-reducing rate can be up to 45%; When the slump is light the loss little, ready mixed concrete 2h slump-loss is less than 15%, and is very favourable for the long-distance transportation and the pumping construction of commerical ready-mixed concrete; When being used to prepare high-grade concrete, workability of concrete is good, cohesiveness is good, and concrete is easy to stir, even under high slump situation, does not also have tangible segregation, excreting water phenomenon, concrete appearance color homogeneous; Good with different varieties cement and adulterant consistency: as to have good consistency with different varieties cement and adulterant, solved and adopted other class water reducer and gelling material compatibility problem; Concrete shrinkage is little: can obviously reduce concrete shrinkage, significantly improve volume stability of concrete and weather resistance.
After mixing water reducer in the concrete, the hydrophobic group oriented adsorption of water reducer is in cement particle surface, and hydrophilic radical points to the aqueous solution, constitutes unit molecule or multilayer adsorption film.Because the oriented adsorption of tensio-active agent, make cement micelle surface have the electric charge of same-sign, so under the effect that the same sex is repelled each other, not only can make cement-aqueous systems be in metastable suspended state, and, can make cement add the formed flocculence structure dispersion disintegration of water initial stage, thereby the water in the flucculation structure is discharged, reach the purpose of diminishing.After water reducer adds, the workability of fresh concrete is improved, and since in the concrete water cement ratio by a relatively large margin decline is arranged, cement stone interior pore volume is obviously reduced, cement stone is more fine and close, concrete ultimate compression strength significantly improves.The adding of water reducer, also all influential to hydration rate, the time of coagulation of cement.These character all are very important in practicality.
If not refer in particular to, the used admixture of the present invention is known industrial chemicals, is commercially available chemical products.
The present invention is directed to the large fluidity of autodensing concrete almixture and the contradiction of stability, the contradiction of early strong and slow setting, shrink and expansible contradiction, and problem such as gel material content is bigger than normal, use aliphatics (hydroxyl) sulfonate high efficiency water reducing agent in conjunction with the poly carboxylic acid admixture, adjust coarse aggregate voidage, utilize flyash and the two effects of mixing of breeze, concrete yielding stress is reduced to the shearing stress that is enough to by producing because of deadweight to be overcome, concrete flowability is increased, simultaneously have enough plastic viscosities again, make aggregate be suspended in the grout.An amount of mineral admixture of admixture, as flyash, breeze, can regulate concrete rheological property, improve plastic viscosity, improve simultaneously in the mixture slurry admittedly than, improve concrete workability, homogeneity of concrete is improved, and reduce the frictional force between the coarse-fine aggregate particle, improve concrete logical resistance ability.The interpolation of aliphatics (hydroxyl) sulfonate high efficiency water reducing agent produces the intensive dissemination to the cement particle, and stops the dispersed particle cohesion, has certain guarantor and moulds and strengthen the concrete strength function.Produce shrinkage crack after having improved concrete self compacting ability and having prevented concrete hardening, improved concrete capacity against cracking, improved the concrete cohesiveness simultaneously, improved Surface Quality of Concrete.
The low glue material self-compacting concrete mix that the present invention adopts the special fine sand instead of part of resourceful washing mineral admixture to prepare has good workability and pump-conveying property, and the corresponding reduction of concrete contraction and thermal insulation warming helps the raising of concrete volume stability and weather resistance.Low glue material self-compacting concrete of the present invention compared with prior art can reduce cement consumption 70kg/m at least
3, reduce gel material content 70kg/m at least
3, the comprehensive utilization solid waste is 470kg/m at least
3, reduce at least 30 yuan/m of concrete cost
3, and one ton of cement of every minimizing reduces by 1 ton of CO approximately
2Quantity discharged, the whole nation produced concrete 41690.28 ten thousand sides in 2009, and Beijing produces concrete 2821.26 ten thousand sides, uses the present invention so, and CO can be reduced in the whole nation in 2009
22918.3 ten thousand tons of quantity dischargeds, Beijing can reduce CO
2197.48 ten thousand tons of quantity dischargeds; Find out thus, the present invention low glue material self-compacting concrete has reduced the consumption of gelling material, cement, make concrete under the situation that reduces the glue material, also can be used for as under water, various strength grades such as seabed, radiation and severe toxicity complex-shaped, arrangement of reinforcement is intensive, the modern building fabric that is difficult for vibrating.And improving workability, still can reach the basic demand of strong concrete under the situation that the reduction concrete shrinks.The reduction of cement consumption has reduced CO2 emissions, helps the Sustainable development of energy-conservation, reduction of discharging, consumption reduction and environment.The minimizing of cement consumption and comprehensive utilization solid waste have reduced the cost of self-compacting concrete, help further applying self-compacting concrete.In addition, the compound interpolation of aliphatics (hydroxyl) sulfonate high efficiency water reducing agent and high-efficiency water-reducing agent of poly-carboxylic acid makes 28 days ultimate compression strength can improve more than 20% the high-strength self-compacting concrete of preparation preferably.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is stone compositely proportional and voidage graph of relation.
Below further specify the present invention by specific embodiment, but embodiment only is used to illustrate the present invention, can not limit the scope of the invention.
In the present invention, if not refer in particular to, all parts, amount are the weight unit based on gross weight, and all raw materials all can be buied from market.
Embodiment
Because production unit, 5～25mm machine rubble grating commonly used does not at present generally reach standard-required, and the macrobead more than the 16mm is obviously on the high side, and voidage is bigger than normal, and concrete clad coefficient is less, causes concrete workability poor.Employing is carried out compound than the building stones of the stone of small particle size and 5～25mm commonly used at present, improve the grating of coarse aggregate, when compositely proportional reaches 50% left and right sides, and the voidage minimum of aggregate.The relation of compositely proportional and voidage as shown in Figure 1.
Test is on the basis of above-mentioned adjustment coarse aggregate voidage, is no more than 480kg/m in folk prescription glue material total amount
3Under the situation, replace the part mineral admixture as stopping composition with special fine sand.1, hangs down glue material self-compacting concrete proportioning (table 1) for example
The employing starting material are normal silicate 42.5 cement, specific surface area 400kg/m
3About, quality, intensity stabilization; I level flyash, main component are silicon-dioxide, aluminum oxide, Indian red; S95 level breeze, specific surface area is greater than 400kg/m
3Sand, fineness modulus is more than or equal to 2.6; Special fine sand, fineness modulus is smaller or equal to 0.9; Stone, grating good and poly carboxylic acid admixture and aliphatics (hydroxyl) sulfonate high efficiency water reducing agent compound admixture.For contrast the present invention has prepared concrete that not water mixing washes special fine sand and compound additive as blank concrete (proportioning 1), do not mix the concrete (proportioning 2) of compound additive.To concrete test mixture performance (table 2), self-compacting ability (table 3) and intensity (table 4).
Table 1 proportioning
Annotate: the * poly carboxylic acid is a high-efficiency water-reducing agent of poly-carboxylic acid, and * sulfonate is aliphatics (hydroxyl) sulfonate high efficiency water reducing agent.
The stirrer feeding sequence is for throwing sand earlier, washing special fine sand, cement, breeze and flyash, high-efficiency water-reducing agent of poly-carboxylic acid, and aliphatics (hydroxyl) sulfonate high efficiency water reducing agent stirs the 180s discharging.Should guarantee that concrete stirs, proper extension concrete churning time.Adding the water metering must accurately should take into full account the variation of water content ratio of aggregate, in time adjusts amount of water.
2, mix workability test
The emptying time test-results of concrete mix divergence and inversion slump cone sees Table 2.
Table 2 concrete mix workability test-results
As can be seen from Table 2:
(1) workability is good: the divergence of fresh concrete is all greater than 700mm.
(2) cohesiveness is good: with the emptying time of inverted orifice tube test concrete mix, all within 15 seconds, illustrate the concrete mix not bleeding, not thickness, do not harden, the concrete mix pumpability is good.
3, self-compacting ability test
Carry out concrete reinforcing bar percent of pass test with U type statoscope and L type statoscope, in order to verify the variation of low glue material use quantity self-compacting concrete self-compacting ability.
As can be seen from Table 3: the time when the concrete mix stops substantially by U type statoscope bottom φ 16@30 reinforcing bar is mobile was about 2 minutes, and the discrepancy in elevation only is 0.3～0.5cm, and upper surface stone uniform distribution;
The φ 16@30 reinforcing bar of concrete by L type statoscope bottom freely flow to 40cm apart from the time time be about 5 seconds, it is mobile together that mortar is wrapped in stone when flowing, flow stop after, the front and back difference in level only is 0.5cm, with the ratio of length 60cm be 0.83%.Illustrate that fine sand replaces front and back concrete mix and all has excellent self-compacting ability.
The test of table 3 concrete mix self-compacting ability
4, concrete strength test
The compressive strength test in each length of time the results are shown in Table 4.
Table 4 concrete strength test result
| The length of time | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 |
| 3d | 35.4 | 30.6 | 44.3 | 39.8 | 38.2 | 37.7 | 33.3 | 31.5 | 30.6 | 29.2 |
| 7d | 53.5 | 48.5 | 61.4 | 57.0 | 55.1 | 54.8 | 49.7 | 48.2 | 46.4 | 42.9 |
| 28d | 62.2 | 59.1 | 73.2 | 68.3 | 67.3 | 65.4 | 62.1 | 60.4 | 56.4 | 53.5 |
| 60d | 69.1 | 67.8 | 80.8 | 71.6 | 70.6 | 69.7 | 65.4 | 64.2 | 61.6 | 57.8 |
| 90d | 78.7 | 71.3 | 84.2 | 75.1 | 72.2 | 71.3 | 67.8 | 66.7 | 64.2 | 60.1 |
It is as follows than clear regularity to contrast strength development as can be seen from the every performance number with void item:
1) along with the reduction of folk prescription concrete glue material total amount, concrete intensity in each all decreases in age, and fall is also little.This is that water requirement is little because special fine sand just plays the filling densification, and folk prescription concrete water amount reduces, and concrete water-cement ratio changes not remarkable.
2) though glue material total amount has reduced, it is good that the workability of mixture and workability keep.
3) only be 380kg/m in glue material total amount
3Situation under, concrete 28d mark is supported intensity and still can be satisfied the examination of C40 self-compacting concrete and join requirement of strength.
4) under identical starting material amount, as proportioning 2 and proportioning 3, use poly carboxylic acid efficient additive and aliphatics (hydroxyl) sulfonate high efficiency water reducing agent compound admixture, 28d intensity has improved more than 20%, and 3d intensity has improved more than 40%.
5) present C60 Preparation of Self-compaction Concrete, cement consumption is 400kg/m at least
3More than, binder total amount is 550kg/m at least
3More than, adopt the present invention's (as proportioning 3) can reduce cement consumption 120kg/m at least
3, reduce gel material content 70kg/m
3, at least 39 yuan/m reduces cost
3
6) use poly carboxylic acid efficient additive and aliphatics (hydroxyl) sulfonate high efficiency water reducing agent compound admixture, be more suitable for preparing high-intensity self-compacting concrete, and big volume uses solid waste, every side's concrete uses 400kg at least, reduced the cost of the self-compacting concrete of C40～C60 significantly, every side reduces cost more than 30 yuan at least, helps the utilization and extention of high-strength self-compacting concrete.
Claims (10)
1. self-compacting concrete, formulated by weight percentage by following composition:
Cement 200～300kg/m
3Adulterant 100～300kg/m
3
Admixture 8～15kg/m
3Wash special fine sand 200～350kg/m
3
Medium sand 550～700kg/m
3Stone 800～1000kg/m
3
Water consumption 130～160kg/m
3
Wherein said admixture is 4～12kg/m
3High-efficiency water-reducing agent of poly-carboxylic acid and 1.5～8kg/m
3The mixture of aliphatics (hydroxyl) sulfonate high efficiency water reducing agent.
2. self-compacting concrete as claimed in claim 1, formulated by weight percentage by following composition:
Cement 280kg/m
3Adulterant 175kg/m
3
Admixture 8.2kg/m
3Wash special fine sand 230kg/m
3
Medium sand 645kg/m
3Stone 900kg/m
3
Water consumption 146kg/m
3
Wherein said admixture is 6.6kg/m
3High-efficiency water-reducing agent of poly-carboxylic acid and 1.6kg/m
3The mixture of aliphatics (hydroxyl) sulfonate high efficiency water reducing agent.
3. as claim 1,2 described self-compacting concretes, it is characterized in that the compositely proportional of described high-efficiency water-reducing agent of poly-carboxylic acid and aliphatics (hydroxyl) sulfonate high efficiency water reducing agent is 8: 1～1: 1.
4. self-compacting concrete as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that the compositely proportional of described high-efficiency water-reducing agent of poly-carboxylic acid and aliphatics (hydroxyl) sulfonate high efficiency water reducing agent is 4: 1.
5. self-compacting concrete as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that described adulterant is the mixture of flyash and breeze.
6. self-compacting concrete as claimed in claim 5, the ratio that it is characterized in that described flyash and breeze is 1: 1.25～1: 2.
7. self-compacting concrete as claimed in claim 3, the special fine sand of the washing that it is characterized in that is the part of mine tailing, fineness modulus is 0.5～0.9, SiO
2The weight percent of content is 50%～70%.
8. self-compacting concrete as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that described stone is the mixture of 5～16mm stone and 5～25mm building stones, and its compositely proportional is 50%～60%.
9. self-compacting concrete as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that water-cement ratio is 0.26～0.35.
10. self-compacting concrete as claimed in claim 3, the weight percent that it is characterized in that sand coarse aggregate ratio is 40～52%.
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