CN102060481B - Low cementitious material self-compacting concrete - Google Patents

Low cementitious material self-compacting concrete Download PDF

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Publication number
CN102060481B
CN102060481B CN 201010543975 CN201010543975A CN102060481B CN 102060481 B CN102060481 B CN 102060481B CN 201010543975 CN201010543975 CN 201010543975 CN 201010543975 A CN201010543975 A CN 201010543975A CN 102060481 B CN102060481 B CN 102060481B
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concrete
self
cement
compacting concrete
compacting
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CN102060481A (en
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聂法智
武俊宇
朴春爱
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Beijing TEDA Environmental Protection Technology Co., Ltd.
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BEIJING XINAO CONCRETE GROUP CO LTD
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
    • C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates

Abstract

The invention discloses low cementitious material self-compacting concrete. Cement is a main raw material in a cementitious material of the self-compacting concrete; and if the cement consumption is high, overhigh concrete shrinkage is easily caused due to overhigh hydration heat of the cement, which is unfavorable for concrete crack control and concrete durability improvement, and problems such as disintegration, bleeding and the like easily occur. An additive XAMC is added into the concrete formula and can adsorb onto surfaces of particles to form a close adsorption layer so as to prevent the particles from flocculating and aggregating to realize the dispersion and stabilization function. Water-washing superfine sand which is rich in resources replaces partial mineral admixture, the low cementitious material self-compacting concrete can meet the basic requirement of high strength concrete by adding the XAMC under the condition of reducing cement consumption, and has obvious thickening and water retaining functions; concrete mixtures do not bleed or disintegrate, the homogenization and workability of the concrete are improved, and the concrete has important significance for saving energy and reducing emission.

Description

A kind of low glue material self-compacting concrete
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of self-compacting concrete, particularly a kind of low glue material self-compacting concrete that substitutes the preparation of part gelling material with special thin CHARACTERISTICS OF TAILINGS SAND.
Background technology
Self-compacting concrete be meant have higher flowability, good cohesiveness, homogeneity and stability, rely on its deadweight effect when building, need not to vibrate and reach closely knit concrete.Along with the modernized high speed development of China's concrete construction project, self-compacting concrete has caused extensive attention in China, and its amount of applying increases rapidly.Self-compacting concrete can rely on the deadweight filling template, open bubble or honeycomb and scale can not occur, need not carry out skin patching; Can true to naturely present the texture or the moulding of template surface, improve concrete visual appearance.Need not vibrate, can build the structure of forming shape complicacy, thin-walled and intensive arrangement of reinforcement, increase the structure degree of freedom in design, have good construction performance.The time that self-compacting concrete needs concrete placement shortens significantly, and labor strength reduces significantly, can improve construction speed.Noise, " the vibrational arm syndromes " of avoiding the hand-held for a long time vibrator of workman to cause have not been improved Working environment and security owing to vibrate.
Self-compacting concrete is filled the used powdered material in space that forms when piling up that gathers materials and is essentially the gelling material slurry that cement and flyash etc. form.Self-compacting concrete gel material content of the prior art is generally at 500kg/m 3More than, cement consumption is generally at 350kg/m 3More than.Cement is the main raw material(s) in the self-compacting concrete gelling material glue material; The higher meeting of cement consumption causes easily that because hydration heat of cement is too high the concrete shrinkage value is bigger than normal; Unfavorable to concrete Crack Control with the concrete weather resistance of raising, when particularly preparing the following low strength grade of C40 self-compacting concrete, be prone to problems such as segregation and bleeding; For example stem stem and collar tie beam etc. in some materials for walls, the bearing building block structure are easy to generate crackle.In addition, cement consumption is many, and price is high, makes the holding at high price of self-compacting concrete.Because above various reasons makes applying of self-compacting concrete be restricted.
Stand in point of view of environment protection and see, mankind's activity institute emission greenhouse gas 10% from cement concrete industry, cement concrete industry has very big reduction of discharging potentiality.Cement industry is the emission of carbon-dioxide rich and influential family, and its quantity discharged accounts for 5% of total carbon dioxide capacity that mankind's activity produces, and global Cement industry must be captured the problem of reducing emission of carbon dioxide in future development.China is maximum in the world manufacture of cement state, and cement output was broken through 16.3 hundred million tons in 2009, accounted for more than 50% of global ultimate production.The greenhouse gases of Cement industry discharging are carbonic acid gas more than 99%, and 1 ton of cement clinker of every production approximately just produces 1 ton of dioxide gas.Cement in China grog output was about 10.5 hundred million tons in 2009, about 8.4 hundred million tons of CO2 emissions.Cement industry is the leading enterprise of unit output value CO2 emissions, and the concrete industry is the largest user of Cement industry.
Mine tailing is the waste that mining firm discharges under certain condition of technology and economy.According to statistics, before 2000, the mine tailing total amount of China's mine output is 50.26 hundred million tons, and wherein the iron ore mine amount is 26.14 hundred million tons.Mine tailing accounts for about 1/3 of national solid waste, but the comprehensive utilization of tailing rate is merely about 8.2%, and mine tailing enters river course, cheuch, lowland, pollutes the water and soil atmosphere, destroys environment, and even the disaster of causing.Mill tailings is stored up the place and has also been taken a large amount of farmlands, forest land, and environment is also had certain pollution.Along with national strengthen environmental protection and land management; The improvement of mine tailing and utilization have become the pressing issues that must solve; But only reclaim valuable mine tailing and still do not handle remaining a large amount of mine tailings, have only that utilization is only basic way as material of construction with mine tailing.
In sum, making full use of solid waste, reduce the consumption of cement, is the key subjects of pendulum in the concrete industry, and development China low-carbon economy, recycling economy, energy-saving and emission-reduction are had great significance.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome the defective that exists in the prior art; High requirement to self-compacting concrete workability and weather resistance; And being prone to problems such as segregation and bleeding, the present invention is through autogamy additive XAMC, in conjunction with selection and the collocation and the specific proportioning design of admixture, consolidating material and coarse-fine aggregate; Comprehensive utilization flyash, breeze and CHARACTERISTICS OF TAILINGS SAND are prepared a kind of low glue material self-compacting concrete.
Self-compacting concrete of the present invention is formulated by following composition:
Cement 200～400kg/m 3Adulterant 100～300kg/m 3
Admixture 5～15kg/m 3Wash special fine sand 150～350kg/m 3
Medium sand 550～700kg/m 3Stone 800～1000kg/m 3
XAMC 0.04～0.10kg/m 3Water consumption 160～175kg/m 3
Self-compacting concrete of the present invention is filled a prescription preferably and is:
Cement 280kg/m 3Adulterant 200kg/m 3
Admixture 5.8kg/m 3Wash special fine sand 200kg/m 3
Medium sand 645kg/m 3Stone 900kg/m 3
XAMC 0.08kg/m 3Water consumption 170kg/m 3
Wherein additive XAMC is a chemical cellulose, and cellulose molecular chain is except that two end groups, and each glucone all has three hydroxyl C 2(OH), C 3(OH) and C 6(OH),, have numerous hydroxyl, form a large amount of hydrogen bonds at intramolecularly and intermolecular because Mierocrystalline cellulose is the line style long chain molecule.Dissemination mechanism prevents interparticle flocculation and coalescence for being adsorbed on particle surface formation adsorbed close layer, thereby reaches the stably dispersing effect.In addition, it can also make surface tension or IT reduce to make the liquid droplet to diminish, thereby reaches dissemination.XAMC in the present invention's prescription is that CMC 99.5 (CMC) methylcellulose gum (MC) Vltra tears (HPMC) is synthetic by a certain percentage; Synthetic ratio is CMC: MC: HPMC=(30%～40%): (40%～50%): (15%～25%), synthetic preferably ratio is that CMC: MC: HPMC is 35%: 45%: 20%.XAMC adds concrete, makes concrete have tangible thickening, water retention, concrete mix not bleeding, do not emanate, improved concrete homogeneity, workability.The special fine sand of washing in the present invention prescription is the part of mine tailing, and fineness modulus is less than 0.9, SiO 2Content is greater than 50%; The used adulterant of prior art mainly is flyash and breeze etc.; Replace part adulterant and cement with special thin CHARACTERISTICS OF TAILINGS SAND among the present invention; Employing is carried out compound than the building stones of 5～25mm commonly used in the stone of small particle size and the prior art, improve the grating of coarse aggregate, when than small particle size (when the building stones compositely proportional of 5～16mm) stone and 5～25mm commonly used reaches weight percent and is 50%～60%; The voidage of the aggregate of stone minimum (as shown in Figure 1) can reach the maximum degree of compactness of piling up; Adulterant described in the present invention's prescription is flyash and breeze, and the two ratio is 1: 1.25～1: 2, and admixture is a high-efficiency water-reducing agent of poly-carboxylic acid, and the water-cement ratio of self-compacting concrete of the present invention is 0.25～0.40, and sand coarse aggregate ratio is 40～52%;
If not refer in particular to, the used admixture of the present invention, additive etc. are commercially available chemical products.
Low glue material self-compacting concrete of the present invention to the high workability of autodensing concrete almixture and high education resistance this to principal contradiction; And problem such as gel material content is bigger than normal; Use the additive of preparation voluntarily; In conjunction with the voidage of poly carboxylic acid admixture, adjustment coarse aggregate, utilize the two effects of mixing of flyash and breeze, concrete yielding stress is reduced to the shearing stress that is enough to by producing because of deadweight overcomes, concrete flowability is increased; Simultaneously have enough Pies again, make aggregate be suspended in the grout.An amount of mineral admixture of admixture, like flyash, breeze; Can regulate concrete rheological property, improve PV, improve simultaneously in the mixture slurry admittedly than; Improve concrete workability; Homogeneity of concrete is improved, and reduce the frictional force between the coarse-fine aggregate particle, improve concrete logical resistance ability.The interpolation of XAMC produces the intensive dissemination to the cement particle, and stops the dispersed particle cohesion, has certain guarantor and moulds function.Produce shrinkage crack after having improved concrete self compacting ability and having prevented concrete hardening, improved concrete capacity against cracking, improved the concrete cohesiveness simultaneously, improved Surface Quality of Concrete.
The low glue material self-compacting concrete mix that the present invention adopts the special fine sand instead of part of resourceful washing mineral admixture to prepare has good workability and pump-conveying property; And the corresponding reduction of concrete contraction and thermal insulation warming helps the raising of concrete volume stability and weather resistance.Low glue material self-compacting concrete of the present invention compared with prior art can reduce cement consumption 50kg/m at least 3, reduce gel material content 50kg/m at least 3, the comprehensive utilization solid waste is 400kg/m at least 3, reduce at least 30 yuan/m of concrete cost 3, and one ton of cement of every minimizing reduces by 1 ton of CO approximately 2Quantity discharged, the whole nation produced concrete 41690.28 ten thousand sides in 2009, and Beijing produces concrete 2821.26 ten thousand sides, uses the present invention so, and CO can be reduced in the whole nation in 2009 22084.5 ten thousand tons of quantity dischargeds, Beijing can reduce CO 2141.06 ten thousand tons of quantity dischargeds; Find out thus; The present invention low glue material self-compacting concrete has reduced the consumption of gelling material, cement; Make concrete under the situation that reduces the glue material, also can be used for as under water, various strength grades such as seabed, radiation and severe toxicity complex-shaped, arrangement of reinforcement is intensive, the modern building fabric that is difficult for vibrating.And improving workability, still can reach the basic demand of strong concrete under the situation that the reduction concrete shrinks.The reduction of cement consumption has reduced CO2 emissions, helps the Sustainable development of energy-conservation, reduction of discharging, consumption reduction and environment.The minimizing of cement consumption and comprehensive utilization solid waste have reduced the cost of self-compacting concrete, help further applying self-compacting concrete.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is stone compositely proportional and voidage graph of relation.
Below further specify the present invention through specific embodiment, but embodiment only is used to explain the present invention, can not limit scope of the present invention.
In the present invention, if not refer in particular to, it is the weight unit on basis that all parts, amount are with the gross weight, and all raw materials all can be buied from market.
Embodiment
Because production unit, 5～25mm machine rubble grating commonly used does not at present generally reach standard-required, and the macrobead more than the 16mm is obviously on the high side, and voidage is bigger than normal, and concrete clad coefficient is less, causes concrete workability poor.Employing is carried out compound than the building stones of the stone of small particle size and 5～25mm commonly used at present, improve the grating of coarse aggregate, and when compositely proportional reached 50% left and right sides, the voidage of aggregate was minimum.The relation of compositely proportional and voidage is as shown in Figure 1.
Test is on the basis of above-mentioned adjustment coarse aggregate voidage, is no more than 480kg/m in folk prescription glue material total amount 3Under the situation, replace the part mineral admixture as stopping composition with special fine sand.
1, hangs down glue material self-compacting concrete proportioning (table 1) for example
The employing starting material are normal silicate 42.5 cement, specific surface area 400kg/m 3About, quality, intensity stabilization; I level flyash, staple are silicon-dioxide, aluminum oxide, Indian red; S95 level breeze, specific surface area is greater than 400kg/m 3Sand, fineness modulus is greater than 2.6; Special fine sand, fineness modulus is less than 0.9; Stone, grating good and poly carboxylic acid admixture and autogamy XAMC.For contrast has also been prepared concrete that not water mixing washes special fine sand and XAMC as blank concrete (A1).To concrete test mixture performance (table 2), self-compacting ability (table 3) and intensity (table 4).
Table 1 proportioning
The stirrer feeding sequence stirs 5s for throwing sand earlier, washing special fine sand, cement, breeze and flyash, adds portion water, high-efficiency water-reducing agent of poly-carboxylic acid then, XAMC,, stir 20s, add surplus water and stone restir 160s discharging.Should guarantee that concrete stirs, proper extension concrete churning time.Adding the water metering must accurately should take into full account the variation of water content ratio of aggregate, in time adjusts amount of water.
2, mix workability test
Concrete mix divergence is seen table 2 with the emptying time test-results of being inverted slump cone.
Table 2 concrete mix workability test-results
Test number A1 A2 A3 A4 A5 A6 A7
Divergence (mm) 650 720 720 700 700 710 710
Emptying time (s) 15 12 10 10 9 10 10
Can find out from table 2:
(1) divergence of fresh concrete explains that all greater than 700mm low glue material self-compacting concrete flowability is very good.
(2) concrete cohesiveness: with the emptying time of inverted orifice tube test concrete mix, all within 15 seconds, explain the concrete mix not bleeding, not thickness, do not harden, promptly concrete mix very " soft " has fabulous pumpability.
3, self-compacting ability test
Carry out concrete reinforcing bar percent of pass test with U type statoscope and L type statoscope, in order to verify the variation of low glue material use quantity self-compacting concrete self-compacting ability.From table 3, can find out: the time when the concrete mix stops through U type statoscope bottom φ 1630 reinforcing bars are mobile basically was about 2 minutes, and the discrepancy in elevation is merely 0.3～0.5cm, and upper surface stone uniform distribution; φ 1630 reinforcing bars of concrete through L type statoscope bottom freely flow to 40cm apart from the time time be about 5 seconds; It is mobile together that mortar is wrapped in stone when flowing; Flow stop after, the front and back difference in level is merely 0.5cm, with the ratio of length 60cm be 0.83%.Explain that fine sand replaces front and back concrete mix and all has excellent self-compacting ability.
The test of table 3 concrete mix self-compacting ability
4, concrete strength test
The compressive strength test result in each length of time sees table 4.
Table 4 concrete strength test result
The length of time A1 A2 A3 A4 A5 A6 A7
3d 35.4 32.6 30.8 29.2 28.7 28.1 21.5
7d 56.5 52.5 48.0 45.1 43.9 40.6 32.4
28d 68.2 66.1 63.3 59.7 55.8 51.0 45.9
60d 75.1 70.8 68.6 65.8 63.9 62.4 54.6
90d 81.7 76.8 73.1 70.3 67.1 64.8 60.2
From finding out that with each item performance number contrast of void item strength development is following than clear regularity:
1) under the situation that the admixture consumption remains unchanged, along with the reduction of folk prescription concrete glue material total amount, concrete intensity in each all decreases in age, and fall is also little.This is that water requirement is little because special fine sand just plays the filling densification, and under the constant situation of admixture consumption, folk prescription concrete water amount reduces, and concrete water-cement ratio changes not remarkable.
2) under the constant situation of additive amount, folk prescription concrete water amount reduces, and concrete water-cement ratio changes not remarkable.Though glue material total amount has reduced, it is good that the workability of mixture and workability keep.
3) be merely 405kg/m in glue material total amount 3Situation under, concrete 28d mark is supported intensity and still can be satisfied the examination of C45 self-compacting concrete and join requirement of strength.

Claims (7)

1. one kind low glue material self-compacting concrete is grouped into by following one-tenth:
Cement 200 ~ 400kg/m 3Adulterant 100 ~ 300kg/m 3
High-efficiency water-reducing agent of poly-carboxylic acid 5 ~ 15kg/m 3Wash special fine sand 150 ~ 350kg/m 3
Medium sand 550 ~ 700kg/m 3Stone 800 ~ 1000kg/m 3
Mixture 0.04 ~ 0.10 kg/m of CMC 99.5 (CMC), methylcellulose gum (MC) and Vltra tears (HPMC) 3Water consumption 160 ~ 175 kg/m 3
2. self-compacting concrete as claimed in claim 1 is grouped into by following one-tenth:
Cement 280kg/m 3Adulterant 200kg/m 3
High-efficiency water-reducing agent of poly-carboxylic acid 5.8kg/m 3Wash special fine sand 200kg/m 3
Medium sand 645kg/m 3Stone 900kg/m 3
The mixture 0.08kg/m of CMC 99.5 (CMC), methylcellulose gum (MC) and Vltra tears (HPMC) 3Water consumption 170 kg/m 3
3. according to claim 1 or claim 2 self-compacting concrete, the weight percent that it is characterized in that described CMC:MC:HPMC is 30% ~ 40%: 40% ~ 50%: 15% ~ 25%.
4. self-compacting concrete as claimed in claim 3, the weight percent that it is characterized in that described CMC:MC:HPMC is 35%: 45%: 20%.
5. according to claim 1 or claim 2 self-compacting concrete is characterized in that the special fine sand of described washing is the part of mine tailing, its SiO 2The weight percent of content is 50% ~ 70%, fineness modulus 0.5 ~ 0.9.
6. according to claim 1 or claim 2 self-compacting concrete is characterized in that described adulterant is flyash and breeze, and the two ratio is 1:1.25 ~ 1:2.
7. according to claim 1 or claim 2 self-compacting concrete is characterized in that described stone is that particle diameter is the mixture of 5 ~ 25 mm and 5-16mm stone, and compositely proportional is 50% ~ 60% by weight percentage.
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