CN102051563A - 一种对7075铝合金的时效工艺 - Google Patents
一种对7075铝合金的时效工艺 Download PDFInfo
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- CN102051563A CN102051563A CN 201010592710 CN201010592710A CN102051563A CN 102051563 A CN102051563 A CN 102051563A CN 201010592710 CN201010592710 CN 201010592710 CN 201010592710 A CN201010592710 A CN 201010592710A CN 102051563 A CN102051563 A CN 102051563A
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- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 229910001008 7075 aluminium alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
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- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
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- NQTSTBMCCAVWOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-dimethoxyphosphoryl-3-phenoxypropan-2-one Chemical compound COP(=O)(OC)CC(=O)COC1=CC=CC=C1 NQTSTBMCCAVWOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910017073 AlLi Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910018571 Al—Zn—Mg Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910019400 Mg—Li Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000002180 anti-stress Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
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- AHLBNYSZXLDEJQ-FWEHEUNISA-N orlistat Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCC[C@H](OC(=O)[C@H](CC(C)C)NC=O)C[C@@H]1OC(=O)[C@H]1CCCCCC AHLBNYSZXLDEJQ-FWEHEUNISA-N 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种对7075铝合金的时效工艺。合金的化学成分(wt％)：Zn：5.85；Mg：2.57；Cu：1.50；Cr：0.21；Fe：0.16；Si：0.06；Mn：0.05；Ti：0.02；Al：余量。其特征是7075铝合金水冷固溶处理后，在弹性压应力下进行时效处理，时效硬度高于其它时效方法，提高了力学性能，时效时间大幅度降低。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于材料科学领域，是一种对7075铝合金的时效工艺。
背景技术
高强度铝合金一直得到广泛的应用和深入研究，通常采用各种时效工艺对铝合金进行处理。当前的研究工作集中在提高性能和降低能耗方面，主要工作有细化晶粒、改变基体沉淀相(MPt)和晶界析出相(GBP)的尺寸与分布、控制晶界无沉淀带(PFZ)和GP区以及采用节能时效工艺等。
T6处理是7075铝合金经典的时效工艺，在120℃左右保温几十个小时，合金达到峰值硬度，但其RSC性能较低，这是由于细小弥散分布的基体析出相(MPt)使强度提高，但细小晶界析出相(GBP)降低抗应力腐蚀性能。提高时效温度粗化GBP可以提高抗SCC性能，但MPt会同时粗化又导致合金的强度降低。T6时效的另一个明显弱点是周期长效率低能耗大。J.Gubicza和K.Turba等用ECAP方法处理7075合金，时效中析出相沿位错形核明显细化，提高了合金性能；Yong Peng等用脉冲电流加热Al-Mg-Li合金，使相界处AlLi相减少，Al4Li9相消失。这两种方法都存在着组织的不均匀性问题。研究工作的难点还在于铝合金中的无沉淀带(PFZ)。PFZ和GBP在晶界处相间分布。一般认为PFZ对合金的性能有强烈作用，当PFZ长度减小时材料的韧性提高；Tomo、Ogura和Hirosawa等认为：时效使Al-Zn-Mg合金的硬度增加时PFZ会进一步软化，对断裂性能有不利影响。
显然，研究铝合金时效的新方法，细化MPt同时消除GBP和PFZ，可以同时提高强度和抗SCC性能，取得阶段性进展。
徐庭栋等发现：在弹性应力下时效，合金将发生溶质晶界富集或贫化。这一结论主要用于合金中的杂质原子在晶界富集影响合金脆性的研究上，应用这一方法处理铝合金，使溶质原子发生晶界贫化从而控制GBP和PFZ的工作，目前还没有见到有关报道。
发明内容
本发明对7075铝合金在弹性压应力下进行时效，实验材料7075铝合金的化学成分(Wt％)：Zn：5.85；Mg：2.57；Cu：1.50；Cr：0.21；Fe：0.16；Si：0.06；Mn：0.05；Ti：0.02；Al：余量。应力时效工艺见表1，作为对比，表1中同时给出7075铝合金的典型时效工艺-T6处理工艺。
表17075铝合金时效工艺
7075铝合金在弹性压应力下进行时效，促使其发生溶质原子的晶界贫化从而消除GBP和PFZ、细化MPt，提高合金的性能，显著缩短时效保温时间。
7075铝合金时效后的维氏硬度见表2。可以看出，应力时效硬度达到217.6，超过了T6时效的201.2，与对比时效相比提高了36.5％，加热时间由40小时减少到1小时。
表2时效条件与硬度
本发明得到的结果是：在弹性应力场中，对7075铝合金进行120℃×60min时效，其硬度高于T6时效处理。
附图说明
图1为实施例得到的各时效试样的TEM像和SAED。图1(a)应力时效，图1(b)T6时效。两种时效得到的析出相是一致的，都是η′相，应力时效没有改变析出相的性质但对析出相有明显影响。应力时效的析出相尺寸约18nm，在基体中弥散分布，密度较高。T6时效的析出相尺寸明显增大。
图2是实施例在应力和常压下分别进行时效试样品界的TEM像。图2(a)应力时效、图2(b)常压T6时效。可以看出常压下，T6时效晶界有细小析出相和PFZ。在弹性压应力下时效，消除了晶界处的析出相和PFZ。
具体实施方式
7075铝合金(1)加热保温；(2)水冷固溶处理后；(3)在弹性压应力下进行时效处理；(4)效试样在维氏硬度计上测量硬度；(5)在X射线衍射仪上进行析出相分析；(6)在透射电子显微镜下观察分析。
实施例
合金在490℃保温60min，水冷固溶处理后，在弹性压应力下进行时效处理，应力时效在改装的热处理炉中进行，施加弹性压应力，载荷约为18.5MPa，试样加热温度120℃，保温时间60min。作为对比，同时进行了T6处理。各时效工艺见表1。各时效试样在维氏硬度计上测量硬度。在X射线衍射仪上进行析出相分析。TEM试样在透射电子显微镜下观察分析，试样机械减薄后用的电解抛光减薄，抛光液7％高氯酸-醋酸溶液，抛光电压为22V。
Claims (2)
1.一种对7075铝合金的时效工艺，其特征在于：铝合金在490℃保温60min，水冷固溶处理后，在应力时效热处理炉中施加弹性压应力进行时效，试样加热温度120℃，保温时间60min，载荷约为18.5Mpa。
2.如权利要求1所述的一种对7075铝合金的时效工艺，其弹性压应力时效原理适用于2系和7系铝合金。
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103255362A (zh) * | 2013-04-03 | 2013-08-21 | 燕山大学 | 一种对6xxx系铝合金的热处理方法 |
| CN106048483A (zh) * | 2016-07-20 | 2016-10-26 | 西安理工大学 | 一种改善CuNiMnFe合金塑韧性的方法 |
| CN109385563A (zh) * | 2018-12-06 | 2019-02-26 | 佛山市三水凤铝铝业有限公司 | 一种超高强韧抗腐蚀铝合金及其制备方法 |
| CN113832304A (zh) * | 2021-10-08 | 2021-12-24 | 上海交通大学 | 金属应力时效处理装置、方法和铝合金铸件 |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN101429635A (zh) * | 2008-11-26 | 2009-05-13 | 苏州有色金属研究院有限公司 | 高强度高模量铝基复合材料的成型方法 |
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| CN101429635A (zh) * | 2008-11-26 | 2009-05-13 | 苏州有色金属研究院有限公司 | 高强度高模量铝基复合材料的成型方法 |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
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| 《稀有金属》 20050831 李剑等 Al-Cu合金应力时效的动力学研究 539－544 1、2 第29卷, 第4期 2 * |
| 《航空材料学报》 20101031 刘晓艳等 应力时效对Al-Cu-Mg-Ag耐热铝合金组织与性能的影响 8－13 1、2 第30卷, 第5期 2 * |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103255362A (zh) * | 2013-04-03 | 2013-08-21 | 燕山大学 | 一种对6xxx系铝合金的热处理方法 |
| CN106048483A (zh) * | 2016-07-20 | 2016-10-26 | 西安理工大学 | 一种改善CuNiMnFe合金塑韧性的方法 |
| CN106048483B (zh) * | 2016-07-20 | 2017-11-28 | 西安理工大学 | 一种改善CuNiMnFe合金塑韧性的方法 |
| CN109385563A (zh) * | 2018-12-06 | 2019-02-26 | 佛山市三水凤铝铝业有限公司 | 一种超高强韧抗腐蚀铝合金及其制备方法 |
| CN113832304A (zh) * | 2021-10-08 | 2021-12-24 | 上海交通大学 | 金属应力时效处理装置、方法和铝合金铸件 |
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Application publication date: 20110511 Assignee: QINHUANGDAO XINGLONG WHEELS Co.,Ltd. Assignor: Yanshan University Contract record no.: 2014990000605 Denomination of invention: Aging process of 7075 aluminum alloy Granted publication date: 20121031 License type: Exclusive License Record date: 20140731 |
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