CN102050911A - Polymer anion exchange membrane and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Polymer anion exchange membrane and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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CN102050911A
CN102050911A CN2010105556824A CN201010555682A CN102050911A CN 102050911 A CN102050911 A CN 102050911A CN 2010105556824 A CN2010105556824 A CN 2010105556824A CN 201010555682 A CN201010555682 A CN 201010555682A CN 102050911 A CN102050911 A CN 102050911A
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exchange membrane
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anion
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ionic liquid
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严锋
林本才
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Suzhou University
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Abstract

The invention relates to a polymer anion exchange membrane and a preparation method thereof, in particular to an anion exchange membrane capable of being used for an alkaline fuel cell and a preparation method thereof. The preparation method comprises the following steps of: mixing a polymer monomer and polymeric ionic liquid in a mole ratio of 1:2-1:9; adding a cross-linking agent and an initiating agent; carrying out ultrasound on the mixed liquor to ensure that the mixed liquor is mixed uniformly; and carrying out in-situ polymerization to prepare the polymer anion exchange membrane, wherein the monomer is a mixture which is selected from one or more than two of acrylonitrile, styrene, alpha-methyl styrene, and alpha-methacrylonitrile. The preparation method is simple, more economic and more environment-friendly; compared with the anion exchange membrane reported in the prior art, the obtained anion exchange membrane can guarantee higher ionic conductivity, good alkali-resisting property, good heat stability and chemical stability, and can furthermore obtain good mechanical property.

Description

A kind of polymer anion-exchange membrane and preparation method thereof
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of polymer anion-exchange membrane and preparation method thereof, be specifically related to a kind of anion-exchange membrane that can be used for alkaline fuel cell and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Anion-exchange membrane has been widely used in industrial circles such as water treatment, hydrometallurgy, chemical separation and alkaline fuel cell.The preparation method of traditional quaternary polymer anion-exchange membrane will be through the process of chloromethylation when introducing ion-exchange group; and to use hypertoxic carcinogenic substance chloromethyl ether in the chloromethylation process; and use organic solvent in the process of preparation anion-exchange membrane, this all has great harm to environment protection and human health.
Application number is that 201010185161.4 Chinese patent application prospectus discloses a kind of preparation method based on ion liquid anion-exchange membrane; be in reactor, to add glyoxaline ion liquid; acrylic ester monomer; solvent; initiator is 45～80 ℃ of polymerization 5～30h under protection of inert gas; again polymer dissolution is mixed with polymers soln in organic solvent, passes through forming film with phase transformation method.Aforesaid method all has the use of solvent in polymerization, film process, the use of solvent makes the preparation process complexity of anion-exchange membrane, production cost increases, simultaneously environment is also caused certain pollution, in addition, in the selection of body material and on the anionresin treatment process, cause the loading capacity of anion-exchange membrane on the low side.Therefore simple in the searching process always, the environmental friendliness of people, the low and well behaved anionresin membrane preparation method of production cost.
Good alkaline fuel cell except possessing higher ionic conductivity, outside the good thermostability and chemical stability, also will have favorable mechanical performance and alkali resistance with polymer anion-exchange membrane.Yet traditional quaternary polymer anion-exchange membrane thermostability and chemical stability are relatively poor.Quaternary ammonium group is poor stability in basic solution, makes the performance of anion-exchange membrane descend greatly.The foregoing invention ublic specification of application does not disclose the relevant data of mechanical properties yet.
Therefore need a kind of polymer anion-exchange membrane material that can be used for alkaline fuel cell of exploitation.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention provides a kind of polymer anion-exchange membrane and preparation method thereof, makes a kind of possess higher ionic conductivity, good thermostability and chemical stability, favorable mechanical performance and alkali-proof polymer anion-exchange membrane by economic, simple, eco-friendly preparation method.
For achieving the above object, the technical solution used in the present invention is: a kind of preparation method of basic anion exchange membrane may further comprise the steps:
1, is 1: 2～1: 9 mixed with polymer monomer and aggretion type ionic liquid with mol ratio, adds linking agent and initiator again, mix mixed solution is ultrasonic, carry out in-situ polymerization and prepare polymer anion-exchange membrane;
Described monomer is selected from one or more in vinyl cyanide, vinylbenzene, alpha-methyl styrene, the Alpha-Methyl vinyl cyanide;
Described aggretion type ionic liquid is selected from:
Figure BDA0000033860820000021
In a kind of, m=0～10 wherein, p=0～6, X is selected from: a kind of among I, Br or the Cl;
2, the anion-exchange membrane of preparation is immersed in 50～80 ℃ the alkali lye carries out anionresin; Wherein, described ionic liquid is the ionic liquid of aggretion type virtue heterocycle structure; Described alkali lye is the aqueous solution of 1-10M potassium hydroxide or sodium hydroxide;
In the technique scheme, described linking agent is selected from: Vinylstyrene, described linking agent quality are 2%～12% of polymer monomer and aggretion type ionic liquid quality sum.
In the technique scheme, described initiator is selected from: Benzoin ethyl ether, Diisopropyl azodicarboxylate, In a kind of; Described initiator quality is 1%～6% of polymer monomer and an aggretion type ionic liquid quality sum.
In the technique scheme, the initiation mode of described polyreaction is that heating, ultraviolet lighting or gamma-rays cause.
The present invention simultaneously claimed method for preparing obtain based on ion liquid polymer anion-exchange membrane, described anion-exchange membrane can be applied in the alkaline fuel cell field.
Because the technique scheme utilization, the present invention compared with prior art has following advantage:
1, because the present invention has adopted in-situ synthesis, and avoided the use of chloromethyl ether in the traditional polymer anion-exchange membrane preparation process, avoided solution-cast film forming legal system to be equipped with making of organic solvent in the anionresin membrane process simultaneously, therefore method is simple, and environmental friendliness more more economically;
2, gained OH-type anion-exchange membrane loading capacity of the present invention can reach 1.52mmol/g, and ionic conductance can reach 3.60 * 10 under the room temperature -2Scm -1, 90 ℃ of following ionic conductances can reach 7.53 * 10 -2Scm -1, tensile strength can reach 13.53Mpa, and Young's modulus can reach 1271Mpa, and elongation at break can reach 55.34%; Compare with respect to the anion-exchange membrane of reporting in the prior art, guaranteed higher ionic conductance, good alkaline resistance properties, good thermostability with and chemical stability in, more obtained good mechanical properties.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 varies with temperature figure for anion-exchange membrane among the embodiment 11 soaks the different time specific conductivity in 60 ℃ of following 1M KOH solution.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples the present invention is further described:
Embodiment one:
Figure BDA0000033860820000031
0.20g (0.85mmol), vinylbenzene 0.10g (0.96mmol), vinyl cyanide 0.20g (3.73mmol), Benzoin ethyl ether 0.01g, Vinylstyrene 0.02g mixes solution, be coated onto on the mould ultraviolet lighting (wavelength 240nm-380nm) 30min, in-situ polymerization film forming.Then this anion-exchange membrane is immersed in 50 ℃ of 1M KOH solution 24 hours, converts negatively charged ion to OH -, the OH that present embodiment obtains -Type anion-exchange membrane loading capacity is 1.47mmol/g, and ionic conductance is 3.13 * 10 under the room temperature -2Scm -1, 90 ℃ of following ionic conductances are 6.53 * 10 -2Scm -1Tensile strength is 11.41Mpa, and Young's modulus is 439.9Mpa, and elongation at break is 52.65%.
Embodiment two:
Figure BDA0000033860820000041
0.20g (0.85mmol), vinyl cyanide 0.30g (5.60mmol), Benzoin ethyl ether 0.01g, Vinylstyrene 0.02g mixes solution, is coated onto on the mould ultraviolet lighting (wavelength 240nm-380nm) 30min, in-situ polymerization film forming.Then this anion-exchange membrane is immersed in 60 ℃ of 5MKOH solution 24 hours, converts negatively charged ion to OH -, the OH that present embodiment obtains -Type anion-exchange membrane loading capacity is 1.52mmol/g, and ionic conductance is 3.60 * 10 under the room temperature -2Scm -1, 90 ℃ of following ionic conductances are 7.53 * 10 -2Scm -1Tensile strength is 10.23Mpa, and Young's modulus is 521.34Mpa, and elongation at break is 55.34%.
Embodiment three:
Figure BDA0000033860820000042
0.20g (0.87mmol), vinyl cyanide 0.30g (5.60mmol), Benzoin ethyl ether 0.01g, Diisopropyl azodicarboxylate 0.02g mixes solution, is coated onto on the mould 75 ℃ of following polymerizations 6 hours, in-situ polymerization film forming.This anion-exchange membrane is immersed in 60 ℃ of 10M KOH solution then and converts negatively charged ion to OH -, the OH that present embodiment obtains -Type anion-exchange membrane loading capacity is 1.53mmol/g, and ionic conductance is 3.6 * 10 under the room temperature -2Scm -1, 90 ℃ of following ionic conductances are 6.26 * 10 -2Scm -1Tensile strength is 10.23Mpa, and Young's modulus is 521.34Mpa, and elongation at break is 55.34%.
Embodiment four:
Figure BDA0000033860820000043
0.20g (0.53mmol), Alpha-Methyl vinyl cyanide 0.2g (2.96mmol), vinyl cyanide 0.10g (1.87mmol), Benzoin ethyl ether 0.01g, Vinylstyrene 0.02g mixes solution, is coated onto on the mould gammairradiation 10s, in-situ polymerization film forming.This anion-exchange membrane is immersed in 80 ℃ of 3M KOH solution then and converts negatively charged ion to OH -, the OH that present embodiment obtains -Type anion-exchange membrane loading capacity is 0.96mmol/g, and ionic conductance is 1.9 * 10 under the room temperature -2Scm -1, 90 ℃ of following ionic conductances are 4.53 * 10 -2Scm -1Tensile strength is 13.53Mpa, and Young's modulus is 671.87Mpa, and elongation at break is 35.24%.
Embodiment five:
Figure BDA0000033860820000051
0.20g (0.60mmol), Alpha-Methyl vinyl cyanide 0.10g (1.48mmol), alpha-methyl styrene 0.1g (0.85mmol), vinyl cyanide 0.10g (1.87mmol), Benzoin ethyl ether 0.01g, Vinylstyrene 0.05g, solution is mixed, be coated onto on the mould ultraviolet lighting (wavelength 240nm-380nm) 30min, in-situ polymerization film forming.This anion-exchange membrane is immersed in 60 ℃ of 7M NaOH solution then, converts negatively charged ion to OH -, the OH that present embodiment obtains -Type anion-exchange membrane loading capacity is that ionic conductance is 2.74 * 10 under the 1.12mmol/g room temperature -2Scm -1, 90 ℃ of following ionic conductances are 5.13 * 10 -2Scm -1Tensile strength is 23.53Mpa, and Young's modulus is 1271Mpa, and elongation at break is 11.12%.
Embodiment six
Figure BDA0000033860820000052
0.25g (0.76mmol), vinyl cyanide 0.15g (2.80mmol), 0.01g, Vinylstyrene 0.03g,, solution is mixed, be coated onto on the mould ultraviolet lighting (wavelength 240nm-380nm) 30min, in-situ polymerization film forming.This anion-exchange membrane is immersed in 60 ℃ of 1M KOH solution then, converts negatively charged ion to OH -, the OH that present embodiment obtains -Type anion-exchange membrane loading capacity is 1.62mmol/g, and ionic conductance is 3.53 * 10 under the room temperature -2Scm -1, 90 ℃ of following ionic conductances are 6.11 * 10 -2Scm -1Tensile strength is 11.26Mpa, and Young's modulus is 571Mpa, and elongation at break is 26.32%.
Embodiment seven
Figure BDA0000033860820000054
0.20g (0.85mmol), vinylbenzene 0.10g (0.96mmol), vinyl cyanide 0.2g (3.73mmol),
Figure BDA0000033860820000055
0.01g Vinylstyrene 0.02g mixes solution, is coated onto on the mould ultraviolet lighting (wavelength 240nm-380nm) 30min, in-situ polymerization film forming.Then this anion-exchange membrane is immersed in 60 ℃ of 6M KOH solution 24 hours, converts negatively charged ion to OH -, the OH that present embodiment obtains -Type anion-exchange membrane loading capacity is that ionic conductance is 3.21 * 10 under the 1.48mmol/g room temperature -2Scm -1, 90 ℃ of following ionic conductances are 6.46 * 10 -2Scm -1Tensile strength is 11.92Mpa, and Young's modulus is 433.7Mpa, and elongation at break is 48.65%.
Embodiment eight
Figure BDA0000033860820000061
0.20g (0.71mmol), vinylbenzene 0.10g (0.96mmol), vinyl cyanide 0.20g (3.73mmol),
Figure BDA0000033860820000062
0.01g Vinylstyrene 0.02g mixes solution, is coated onto on the mould ultraviolet lighting (wavelength 240nm-380nm) 30min, in-situ polymerization film forming.Then this anion-exchange membrane is immersed in 60 ℃ of 1M KOH solution 24 hours, converts negatively charged ion to OH -, the OH that present embodiment obtains -Type anion-exchange membrane loading capacity is 1.39mmol/g, and ionic conductance is 2.75 * 10 under the room temperature -2Scm -1, 90 ℃ of following ionic conductances are 5.16 * 10 -2Scm -1Tensile strength is 8.98Mpa, and Young's modulus is 621Mpa, and elongation at break is 33.67%.
Embodiment nine:
Figure BDA0000033860820000063
0.25g (1.07mmol), Alpha-Methyl vinyl cyanide 0.10g (1.48mmol), alpha-methyl styrene 0.10g (0.85mmol), Benzoin ethyl ether 0.01g, Vinylstyrene 0.02g mixes solution, is coated onto on the mould, ultraviolet lighting (wavelength 240nm-380nm) 30min, the in-situ polymerization film forming.Then this anion-exchange membrane is immersed in 60 ℃ of 1M KOH solution 24 hours, converts negatively charged ion to OH -, the OH that present embodiment obtains -Type anion-exchange membrane loading capacity is 1.78mmol/g, and ionic conductance is 3.06 * 10 under the room temperature -2Scm -1, 90 ℃ of following ionic conductances are 6.53 * 10 -2Scm -1Tensile strength is 11.41Mpa, and Young's modulus is 439.9Mpa, and elongation at break is 52.65%.
Embodiment ten
Figure BDA0000033860820000064
0.20g (0.65mmol), Alpha-Methyl vinyl cyanide 0.20g (2.99mmol), alpha-methyl styrene 0.10g (0.85mmol), Benzoin ethyl ether 0.02g, Vinylstyrene 0.04g mixes solution, is coated onto on the mould, ultraviolet lighting (wavelength 240nm-380nm) 30min, the in-situ polymerization film forming.This anion-exchange membrane is immersed in 60 ℃ of 1M KOH solution then, converts negatively charged ion to OH -, the OH that present embodiment obtains -Type anion-exchange membrane loading capacity is that ionic conductance is 2.69 * 10 under the 1.18mmol/g room temperature -2Scm -1, 90 ℃ of following ionic conductances are 5.28 * 10 -2Scm -1Tensile strength is 25.13Mpa, and Young's modulus is 1041Mpa, and elongation at break is 13.22%
Embodiment 11
Anion-exchange membrane with the preparation of ratio described in the example two is a sample, carry out the alkali resistance test of ion liquid polymer anion-exchange membrane, (Macromolecules 2010 with reference to literary composition in the alkaline resistance properties test of anion-exchange membrane, 43,3890-3896) described method, anion-exchange membrane is dipped in 60 ℃ the 1M KOH solution, take out film at regular intervals, be immersed in the deionized water KOH residual in the Ex-all film, adopt AC impedence method to survey the ionic conductance of anion-exchange membrane, temperature range is 30 ℃～90 ℃.Test result as shown in Figure 1, the result shows the increase along with soak time in alkali lye, the ionic conductance of anion-exchange membrane downward trend do not occur as traditional anion-exchange membrane.What experimental results show that the present invention prepares has good alkali resistance based on ion liquid polymer anion-exchange membrane.

Claims (5)

1. the preparation method of a basic anion exchange membrane, it is characterized in that, may further comprise the steps: the mixed that with polymer monomer and aggretion type ionic liquid is 1: 2～1: 9 with mol ratio, add linking agent and initiator again, mix mixed solution is ultrasonic, carry out in-situ polymerization and prepare polymer anion-exchange membrane;
Described monomer is selected from one or more the mixture in vinyl cyanide, vinylbenzene, alpha-methyl styrene, the Alpha-Methyl vinyl cyanide;
Described aggretion type ionic liquid is selected from:
Figure FDA0000033860810000011
In a kind of, m=4～10 wherein, p=0～6, X is selected from: a kind of among I, Br or the Cl.
2. preparation method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described linking agent is selected from: Vinylstyrene, described linking agent quality are 2%～12% of polymer monomer and aggretion type ionic liquid quality sum.
3. preparation method according to claim 1 is characterized in that initiator is selected from: Benzoin ethyl ether, Diisopropyl azodicarboxylate,
Figure FDA0000033860810000012
In a kind of; Described initiator quality is 1%～6% of polymer monomer and an aggretion type ionic liquid quality sum.
4. preparation method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, and is further comprising the steps of: the anion-exchange membrane of preparation is immersed in 50～80 ℃ the alkali lye carries out anionresin; Wherein, described ionic liquid is the ionic liquid of aggretion type virtue heterocycle structure; Described alkali lye is the potassium hydroxide of 1～10M or the aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide.
5. adopt that claim 1 or 2 or 3 or 4 described methods prepare based on ion liquid polymer anion-exchange membrane.
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CN102382293A (en) * 2011-08-05 2012-03-21 苏州大学 Polymer anion exchange membrane and preparation method thereof
CN102568834A (en) * 2011-11-14 2012-07-11 江苏德威新材料股份有限公司 Electrolyte used for dye-sensitized solar cell and preparation method thereof
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CN104059193A (en) * 2014-06-27 2014-09-24 苏州大学 Alkaline anion exchange membrane and preparation method thereof
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CN106654327A (en) * 2016-12-12 2017-05-10 成都育芽科技有限公司 Anion exchange membrane for new energy fuel cells and preparation method thereof
CN106887629A (en) * 2015-12-16 2017-06-23 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所 Semi-IPN or interpenetrating networks alkaline anion-exchange membrane is prepared and exchange membrane and application
CN113416297A (en) * 2021-06-08 2021-09-21 苏州大学 Ultra-high molecular weight anion exchange membrane and preparation method and application thereof
KR20210158034A (en) * 2020-06-23 2021-12-30 한국과학기술연구원 Anion exchange membrane for alkaline water electrolysis and preparation method thereof
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