CN102050121B - Supersonic maintenance-free stamping type vacuum pipeline transportation system - Google Patents
Supersonic maintenance-free stamping type vacuum pipeline transportation system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a supersonic maintenance-free stamping type vacuum pipeline transportation system relating to a high-speed transportation tool on the ground. Based on the traditional transportation system, a fixed tubular sealed pipeline arranged on a roadbed and an air exhauster arranged on a locomotive are tightly combined to form an air discharge body which can move freely without losing too much air during moving at a high speed; air is rapidly discharged by utilizing high-pressure gas generated by the motion of a high-speed locomotive in a sealed pipeline running passage so as to lower the density of the air, generate vacuum and perform maintenance. A task of air density can be realized in a rapid, simple, convenient, maintenance-free and high-efficient way in a sealed pipeline with the length of over 1000km by utilizing the traditional locomotive without consuming too much energy sources by vacuum extraction equipment, and a vacuum state with large size, long lasting and low cost can be made.
Description
One, technical field
This product relates to a kind of earth's surface transportation means.
Two, background technology
Improve through the development of several thousand, people's the vehicle have had significant progress, have had automobile, train, aircraft, steamer, even rocket, airship, but still there is very large gap with people's demand, not ideal enough, can not meet the convenient needs that move of modern society people high-speed secure.Aerial aircraft is subject to weather, and airfield condition impact is very large, and how in outer suburbs, operation is inconvenient.The running velocity of earth's surface automobile, train is slow, jogging speed that the more important thing is automobile, train cannot have larger improvement, although high speed railway can run 350 kilometers, but the possibility improving is again little, because when high-speed cruising, resistance has been not only the friction with earth's surface, and it is more to come from the resistance of air, and it is very small that the advantage of suspension technology seems in this case.Thereby, no matter adopt which kind of technology, the earth's surface vehicle should not exceed 400 kilometers per hour at atmosphere medium velocity, exceed after this speed, air resistance is too large, and the fuel of consumption not only can make transportation become very uneconomical, and also corresponding surge of the aerial contamination bringing, it is proportional that seven of the size of noise and speed arrives eight power, and this is also unaffordable on the impact of environment.
People do not wish only there is present running velocity, but very high running velocity will overcome huge air resistance, overcomes huge air resistance, and the effective ways that improve running velocity are to reduce density of air.Reducing density of air is the key that overcomes now huge air resistance problem.Vacuum pipe transportation is to reduce density of air, maintains lower density, and operation realizes high-speed effective ways.
Vacuum pipe transportation is exactly the operation of shuttling back and forth at a high speed in vacuum pipe at locomotive.In pipeline, can realize the high vacuum of similar space environment, realize the low vacuum of similar high-altitude flight environment, can realize higher speed, more than speed can reach 600 meter per seconds; Vacuum pipe transportation moves in closed conduit, the impact of wind-engaging, snow, rain, temperature, weather hardly, and the impact of rough air is very little, has a stable air-flow environment, and stable, noise is very little; Owing to there being the protection of closed conduit, the damage of Infrastructure reduces, and the probability of the grave accident such as derail, rout up also significantly reduces, and moves fool proof; Thereby, vacuum pipe transportation is a kind of quicker than train, the method of more saving than aircraft, vacuum pipe rapid transit is the ideal tools that people travel between city, that the high-speed secure that people wish facilitates running tool, but it is more difficult to implement, fast, efficient, large volume, permanence, vacuum pipe is more difficult to realize cheaply, becomes the bottleneck of this problem.So, after I hear this method, long for and have to realize for one day always, but 30 years, also fail now to realize, regrettable.
Three, summary of the invention
For solution large volume, permanence, low cost vacuum pipe problem rapidly and efficiently, I propose one low cost, the vacuum-pipeline transfer system engineering proposal of energy long sustaining, supersonic maintenance-free stamping type vacuum pipeline transportation system.If supersonic maintenance-free stamping type vacuum pipeline transportation system is realized, can be hardly with safeguarding, just can rapidly and efficiently realize large volume, permanence, pipeline vacuum cheaply, realize fast, a large amount of, cheap, passenger and freight transportation easily, realize the dream before 30 years.
I solve the scheme of its technical matters be on the basis of existing transport systems by roadbed and be located thereon the air discharge that maintains static tubular body closed conduit and be positioned on high-speed cruising locomotive and combine closely, while forming a high-speed motion, the too many air venting body of gas is not lost again in activity freely; In the moderate closed conduit operation passage of gap length, the high pressure gas discharged air outside closed conduit fast of utilizing express locomotive motion to produce, reduces density, produces vacuum, and uses it to the vacuum condition of service conduit.
Air venting body is by roadbed and be located thereon fixed closed conduit and the air discharge that is positioned on high-speed cruising locomotive forms.
On the roadbed of existing transport systems, there are the operation passage moderate with locomotive gap length, a pneumatic exhaust duct that band oriented sense of motion in both sides tilts with middle, there is transparency window at middle part, emergency access, two ends are with hermatic door, and upper and lower electric power, signal and attendant equipment thereof have formed closed conduit.Closed conduit is by high strength, high sealing, low volatilization, the tubular pipeline sealing member that noise insulation, shock-resistant, ageing-resistant material form, air venting system on its shape and high-speed cruising locomotive is combined closely, and its gap is of moderate size, and it is too many that while making high-speed motion, gas is not lost again in activity freely.Exhaust duct is the main thoroughfare of discharged air outside pipeline, and its two ends are the gate control of fast pneumatic one way stop peturn valve, and centre is the orientation closing in pipe of pressure device composition that can dilation, has acceptance, buffer memory gas, exhaust, noise elimination effect.
Air discharge is made up of the air venting system that is positioned at the air venting system of high-speed cruising locomotive front portion and be positioned on locomotive sealing carriage.
The air venting system of locomotive front portion is made up of the pneumatic exhaust nozzle of goat's horn type on air accumulation compressor reducer, high pressure gas memory device and both sides thereof.Air accumulation compressor reducer is that contraction section bore is pre-small post-large, after length little front large several convergent-divergent channels and on air deflector be formed by stacking, directed punching press, gather, pressure gas.Air deflector is to be positioned at the triangle watt type flame diversion trough of concentrating air discharge on each convergent-divergent channel contraction section edge par line, equates with the exhaust duct distance on closed conduit.Aditus laryngis place has adjustable throat inlet to adjust caliber size control flow velocity.High pressure gas memory device is the combination that common convergent-divergent channel expansion segment and taper locomotive head form, and there is the pneumatic exhaust nozzle of goat's horn type its both sides, and sealing carriage air passage entrance is arranged at bottom, after have locomotive, compression, storage gas.Pneumatic exhaust nozzle is the directed fleetline fast pneumatic of High Performance check valve, and the population size of unlatching is subject to the control of gaseous tension in high pressure gas memory device.
Air venting system on locomotive sealing carriage is a shape sealing carriage is surrounded.Absorb the air leaking and continue to concentrate, compression, discharge.Left and right air discharge by air accumulation compressor reducer, high pressure gas memory device and on pneumatic exhaust nozzle form in conjunction with the air discharge that is two pneumatic exhaust nozzles of goat's horn type of the round body the foot section brought of smaller part forming in compartment, inside have the air outlet of air-conditioning on sealing carriage, air compressor.Air discharge on locomotive is made up of air accumulation compressor reducer, high pressure gas memory device, to limited exhaust in sealing carriage.Due to the way traffic of locomotive, the air venting system of locomotive sealing carriage is that size is identical, and position is relative, opposite direction, and the air discharge occurring in pairs forms.
After locomotive high-speed cruising in closed conduit, air venting body is started working, the fast pneumatic boiler check valve valve of concentrating the High Performance orientation of opening exhaust duct on closed conduit before the air accumulation compressor reducer of the direct air venting system in locomotive front portion of high pressure gas that locomotive motion produces by the air deflector at convergent-divergent channel contraction section edge, passes through the outside exhaust of closed conduit.A part does not enter high pressure gas memory device high pressure storage thereafter after the convergent-divergent channel contraction section path of several different bores enters the punching press of air accumulation compressor reducer, compression, can reduce air separation, accelerate Air Flow, control boundary 1ayer, air shunting size not only with locomotive speed, convergent-divergent channel caliber size, also relevant with the gap of closed conduit.Wherein crossing high-pressure gas reservoir bottom enter locomotive sealing carriage near the air passage of inwall for people, finally compress and the pneumatic exhaust nozzle of air discharge goat's horn type that passes through sealing carriage both sides is opened exhaust duct through the air compressor of sealing carriage, pass through closed conduit and discharge.The air leaking enters the air venting system on sealing carriage.
One of the locomotive both sides air pneumatic exhaust nozzle of goat's horn type by air discharge high pressure air memory device on sealing carriage is opened the fast pneumatic boiler check valve valve of the High Performance orientation of exhaust duct on closed conduit, pass through the outside exhaust of closed conduit, air passage that enters sealing carriage by high pressure air memory device to sealing carriage air feed for people, finally compress and the pneumatic exhaust nozzle of air discharge goat's horn type that passes through sealing carriage both sides is opened exhaust duct through the air compressor of sealing carriage, pass through closed conduit and discharge; Air discharge air on locomotive enters sealing carriage air passage by high pressure air memory device to sealing carriage air feed for people.
After the pressure gas in high pressure gas memory device reaches certain numerical value, automatically open the pneumatic exhaust nozzle of right quantity on it, and open fast the fast pneumatic boiler check valve valve of the High Performance orientation of exhaust duct on closed conduit, pressure device expands, amplify in space, passes through outwards fast and safely exhaust of closed conduit, and pressure device shrinks, Quick air-discharge continues, and density of air reduces; After high pressure gas memory values reduces, reduce the pneumatic exhaust nozzle quantity of opening, maintain pressure, continuously and healthily exhaust.
Although the density in pipeline constantly reduces, because locomotive running speed constantly increases, air resistance does not almost change, and exhaust gas pressure continues to maintain.Although the little rate of outflow of air accumulation compressor reducer exit area is limited, the large inflow velocity of inlet-duct area is high, but because the density of air in seal for pipe joints after the exhaust of locomotive high-speed cruising is conventionally lower, the density of air flowing out after air accumulation compressor reducer ram-compressed is very high, pertinent data shows when intake velocity is 3 times of velocities of sound, can make in theory air pressure improve 37 times, can maintain the balance of discrepancy.
Due in seal for pipe joints, the every operation of locomotive once, exhaust some, density of air declines, resistance reduces, and the speed of locomotive improves, and exhaust capacity increases, density of air declines again, move in circles, density of air continuous decrease, until can not accumulate to enough large density of air and pressure by increasing locomotive running speed and time again, cannot outwards get rid of gas, vacuum produces and continues and maintains.
Because the force of inertia of express locomotive is very large, the gas of discharging by exhaust duct also will continue to move forward some distances, both speed components, and exhaust duct has the inclination of individual angle to sense of motion.Produce and continue in maintenance process in vacuum, speed control, pipeline, locomotive kenel regulate generation and control to ripple, i.e. and noise control plays an important role.
Principle of work locomotive moves vacuum and produces and continue to maintain two contents in closed conduit, and generation is emphasis, and continuing to maintain is difficult point.
(1) locomotive that operation content is moved in closed conduit is discharged after air, and surrounding air can not enter supplementary again, and density can only reduce, and can not increase, and vacuum produces and must in seal for pipe joints, carry out.Air in closed conduit, directly discharges for one, discharges for one by air accumulation compressor reducer, and a row does not go out preservation, a gas leakage; Discharge and keep not only with speed, convergent-divergent channel caliber size, also relevant with closed conduit gap; Several respects are taken into account will suitable pipeline gap, be of moderate size and could keep stable pulsation-free operation, have again very high exhaust efficiency.
Convergent-divergent channel bore is larger, and the air of discharge is more, and efficiency is higher.But locomotive operation can produce friction, clash into, can not be completely and seal for pipe joints, for not hindering locomotive operation, must be gapped with closed conduit, gappedly just have gas leakage.Locomotive is high-speed cruising always, has the air pressure moment being not more than outside closed conduit, will some gas row not go out and preserve.
The vacuum generation discharge efficiency of air and the speed of locomotive operation are closely related, and the speed speed that more high vacuum produces is faster.But in fact locomotive can not operate in the hyprsonic stage at the very start, and resistance is very big, both uneconomical not efficient yet, also can cause many problems.Due to gapped, while flowing through air accumulation compressor reducer and pipeline gap, have air separation, especially the transonic operation phase, produce shock wave, produce karman vortex joint, produce unstable air-flow, produce vibration, for reducing these problems, will absorb ambient air control boundary 1ayer, the exhaust duct continuous blow-down on tube wall with the convergent-divergent channel of several stacks not of uniform size, do to eliminate the noise and process, flow separation phenomenon reduces, and shock wave reduces, could smooth operation.
Therefore, a vacuum generation completely will be experienced high-speed cruising, subsonic, transonic and hyprsonic four-stage, and different phase has different features, understands safe operation, the vacuum of these features to locomotive and produces significant.
(2) operation phase and situation high-speed cruising high-speed cruising M number are below 0.3, be below 100 meter per seconds, can not consider the impact of air compressing, owing to being the beginning of operation, density of air is standard atmosphere, and air resistance increase is very fast, in the stage of air resistance maximum, overspeed is lost more than gain, first a large amount of exhausts, the density of air after high-speed cruising is reduced to below 0.2 of standard atmosphere, enters the subsonic operation phase.
Subsonic subsonic is M number the operation of 0.3 to 0.8 Mach, lower than 280 meter per seconds,, along with the increase of M number, constrictive impact is obvious gradually, and M number is below 0.8, and the variation of the impact amount of only having of compressibi1ity on operation, without the breakthrough of matter.Along with the increase of speed, air resistance should increase rapidly, but density of air has been reduced to below 0.2 of standard atmosphere, and density of air is less, and air resistance reduces, and air resistance total amount does not have large variation.The postrun density of air of locomotive subsonic is reduced to below 0.04 of standard atmosphere, enters the transonic operation phase.
Transonic is the transonic that calls of 0.8～1.2 operation kinematic velocity 280 to 400 meter per seconds conventionally M number, M number is in the time of 0.8 left and right, the local velocity of aircraft surface can reach velocity of sound, start to occur shock wave, along with the increase of M number, hyprsonic region expands gradually, is continued until that M number equals 1.2 left and right substantially, flows and presents the situation that subsonic and hyprsonic coexist.In transonic region, flow separation phenomenon is serious, and air resistance increases severely, and operation stability degenerates.But density of air is reduced to below 0.04 of standard atmosphere, and density of air is little, and air resistance is low, air resistance total amount does not change.The postrun density of air of locomotive transonic is reduced to below 0.008 of standard atmosphere, enters the hyprsonic operation phase.
Hyprsonic exceedes after 1.2 when M number, and whole flow field all reaches hyprsonic, and mobile character is compared from subsonic in essence different.Conventionally the operation that is 1.2～5.0 M number calls hyprsonic operation.Density of air continues to be reduced to below 0.008 of standard atmosphere, and density of air is very little, and air resistance is very low, and air resistance total amount does not change.The postrun density of air of locomotive hyprsonic is reduced to below 0.0016 of standard atmosphere, enters velocity of sound and moves advanced stage.Owing to there being the protection of closed conduit, in pipeline, the locomotive of operation is generally safe, even if break down, also can rest in pipeline, there will not be the phenomenon of going out pipeline, therefore, even hypersonic speed operation is also safe.
For above feature, point high-speed cruising, subsonic, transonic and the list of hyprsonic four-stage show the situation that produces 1000km vacuum,
100 meter per seconds at a high speed operation in 10000 seconds solve 80% density issue, and running velocity is brought up to 170 meter per seconds, and density is 20%.
170 meter per second subsonic 5882 seconds operations solve 16% density issue, running velocity is brought up to 290 meter per seconds, and density is 4%.
290 meter per second transonic 3448 seconds operations solve 3.2% density issue, and running velocity is brought up to 490 meter per seconds, and density is 0.8%.
490 meter per second hyprsonic 2040 seconds operations solve 0.64% density issue, and running velocity is brought up to 833 meter per seconds, and density is 0.16%.
833 meter per second hyprsonic 1200 seconds operations solve 0.128% density issue, and running velocity is brought up to 1416 meter per seconds, and density is 0.032%.
1416 meter per second hyprsonic 862 seconds operations solve 0.0256% density issue.Running velocity is brought up to 2406 meter per seconds, and density is 0.0064%.
Be subject to the thrust of locomotive operation, advancing in airtight pipeline as piston, the density of air in closed conduit also has the variation of compression, expansion.For subsonic, high-speed motion, compression position, at air accumulation compressor reducer, high pressure gas memory device, only limits to the variation of successively decreasing of locomotive front portion, and expansion position is in locomotive front portion and the pneumatic exhaust nozzle of goat's horn type, exhaust duct.For hyprsonic, the variation variation of compression-expansion only limits in air accumulation compressor reducer, high pressure gas memory device and around locomotive.
(3) carry out process 1, because locomotive running velocity in pipeline is very fast, a large amount of gas of air accumulation compressor reducer inner accumulated, air is compressed strongly, temperature rise, density increase, viscosity increase, pressure strengthen, enter high pressure air memory stores.Air pressure outside atmospheric pressure is greater than pipeline, while being greater than the pneumatic breather check valve startup value of row of conduits air flue, on high pressure air memory device, outwards the exhaust duct exhaust on closed conduit can be opened and blow open to the operated pneumatic valve of exhaust automatically.Although density constantly reduces later, because locomotive running speed constantly increases, air resistance does not almost change, and exhaust gas pressure continues to maintain, the pressure 100*100*100*1.2/2=60*10 ton/M of 100 meter per seconds
2; The pressure 300*300*300*1.2/2=162*10 ton/M of 1/60th, 300 meter per seconds
2, density can be reduced to the pressure 1000*1000*1000*1.2/2=6000*10 ton/M of 1/162nd, 1000 meter per seconds
2, density can be reduced to 6 millesimals, suitable 50 kilometers of high-altitudes.Pressure continues to maintain always and enters vacuum state.The every motion primary air of locomotive density reduces, until input equals the minimum startup value of pneumatic exhaust nozzle.But because compression ratio is larger, as 20: 1.Locomotive running speed is very high, even the gas that input density is very low, as closed conduit density of air 0.032%, 3/1000ths, be about the atmospheric envelope situation in 40 kilometers of high-altitudes, the atmospheric pressure value of high pressure air memory device is generally also not less than standard atmosphere, is greater than the minimum startup value of pneumatic exhaust nozzle, and now closed conduit has entered low vacuum state.If the running velocity that continues to increase locomotive is to 2406 meter per seconds, the density of air gathering increases, and still can continue to reduce density, obtains better 0.0064% vacuum state.Pressure drops to can not get rid of gas, and during lower than minimum startup value, the gas density in pipeline is very low, approaches 80 kilometers of high-altitude vacuum states.Air compressing, pipeline convergent air resistance is not considered.
2, locomotive operation enters after transonic, and variation has occurred the sense of motion of air.Be subject to the forceful action of express locomotive, the speed of locomotive motion is far longer than air cross motion, and the local velocity of body surface can reach velocity of sound, starts to occur shock wave, and locomotive closed conduit tube wall around bears shock pressure.Along with the increase of M number, hyprsonic region expands gradually, is continued until that M number equals 1.2 left and right substantially, flows and presents the situation that subsonic and hyprsonic coexist.In transonic region, flow separation phenomenon is serious, and air resistance increases severely, and operation stability degenerates.For addressing this problem, we with positive convergent-divergent channel absorb in a large number, pressurized air, density of air maximum, pressure maximum is in convergent-divergent channel inside, the possibility that large area normal shock wave produces diminishes, shock wave reduces, with the convergent-divergent channel absorption ambient air control boundary 1ayer of several stacks not of uniform size thereafter, the exhaust duct continuous blow-down on closed conduit tube wall, do to eliminate the noise and process, flow separation phenomenon reduces, and shock wave reduces, and operation stability changes little.Owing to greatly reducing through front locomotive operation density of air several times, it is 4% that running velocity is brought up to 290 meter per second density, suitable 2 meters altitudes, running velocity is brought up to 490 meter per seconds, and density is 0.8%, 3.2 meters altitude, even if having shock wave, the power of shock wave also reduces greatly, and shock wave can not become large problem, and generally only there are several sq ms in locomotive cross section, the shock wave area producing is little, locomotive is not lightweight aerospace plane, and intensity ratio aircraft is much bigger, and the impact that is subject to air is than little many of aircraft.Shock wave is safe from harm to the locomotive operation in closed conduit.
After, although density reduces greatly when hyprsonic moves, temperature also can rise, and viscosity also can increase, and pressure also can strengthen.We also can adjust adjustable throat inlet size, exit area, adjust pressure ratio, control shock wave, avoid harmful shock wave, utilize available shock wave, and the sharp increase of shock wave air resistance is favourable, and we continue to gather a large amount of gas, pressurized air, increase density, discharged air.In the process of locomotive operation, we can adjust V, ρ and A F=VVV ρ A/2, and the adjustment of A has two, and the 1st, the size of wind area.The 2nd, the size of adjustable throat inlet bore.Make F keep a perfect condition.Like this due to the speed difference of locomotive operation, the density of air difference in closed conduit, the resistance F that locomotive operation runs into can be identical, and the pressure of generation can be much the same, and entrance section amasss as 8M
2, compression ratio is 80, and locomotive running speed is 1000 meters of seconds, and density p is 1kg/m
3, F=VVV ρ A/2=10
9* 8/2=4*10
6ton, when density p is 0.0001kg/m
340 standard atmospheres of F=400 ton, count air coefficient in, and pressure is still very large, can maintain the mass rate of emission of air accumulation compressor reducer air.Therefore, high pressure gas memory device gaseous tension is also roughly the same, and the gas velocity of discharge is also roughly stable, and unstable meeting produces eddy current, and eddy current produces vibration, and therefore stable air-flow is the basis of reducing noise safe operation.It is little that air problem of viscosity only relates to air outflow length velocity relation.
(4) time of run is established locomotive speed mostly more than 100 meter per seconds, and what have reaches 1000 meter per seconds, and air intake sectional area is 80%.Exhaust is once 80% completely, and secondary is to be for 96%, three time to be for 99.2%, four time 99.86%, the pipeline of 1000 kilometers like this, and once, subsonic moves 1 hour in hyprsonic operation in 18 minutes, existing express locomotive operation 3 hours.Therefore, using hardly gas vaccum-pumping equipment, consuming and in the situation of the too many energy, just can in the closed conduit reaching more than 1000 kilometers, realize fast the task of reducing by 99.9% above density of air.
For our theory target task, realize and have certain discrepancy with reality, but deviation can be not too many above.
(5) safeguard that vacuum is safeguarded and do not bleed, but inspection to seal for pipe joints equipment, plant maintenance is good, and vacuum is just guaranteed, therefore safeguards simple, convenient; It is the result of locomotive operation that vacuum produces, thereby efficient; Take full advantage of existing locomotive and transport systems, so cost is very little.
(6) the pneumatic exhaust nozzle of problem exhaust unit total amount only long-pending with pipeline section, density of air is relevant, irrelevant with speed.8*1.3=10.4kg, 8 cubic meters.16 average free air capacities of deflation hole on it are 0.5 cubic meter, within one second, complete discharge, if speed is 300 meter per seconds, are to complete for 1/300th seconds.Through overdraft, its volume is less, and density is larger; For increasing pressure, can improve speed, close some pneumatic exhaust nozzles; For reducing exhaust shock wave, reduce noise, exhaust duct should be larger.
The gas leakage problem that need not consider locomotive and pipeline enclosure by an inside accumulated gas method of an air accumulation compressor reducer, has container to hold gas, concentrates gas flow large, and gas does not disperse, and compression efficiency is high, does not have shock wave or shock wave controlled; Outwards degassing method is higher to the seal request of locomotive and pipeline, does not have container to hold gas, concentrates gas flow little, gas dispersion, and compression efficiency is low, and pressure is low, and weak effect has normal shock wave to produce.
While forming a high-speed motion, the too many air venting body of gas is not lost again in activity freely needs locomotive operation steady, there is the performance of locomotive own, three problems of road conditions and air turbulence, magnetic suspension train has solved two problems above, air turbulence solves in vacuum pipe, if the application of electric power wheel-rail train loses some tightnesses, increases degree of freedom, strengthen gap, reduce some efficiency and also can solve.
Useful achievement be as 2, in the short time of 3 hours, hardly with the too many energy of vaccum-pumping equipment consumption in the situation that, utilize existing express locomotive just can in the closed conduit reaching more than 1000 kilometers, realize fast to reduce the task of 99.9% above density of air, quick, simple, convenient, efficient manufacture large volume, permanence, vacuum condition cheaply.Wind-engaging, snow, rain, temperature, water impact hardly, rough air is absolutely little, and noise is very little, very little to environmental concerns, the protection of Infrastructure is increased to damage and reduce, and does not derail, routs up 3000 kilometers of above non-maintaining hyprsonic operations of serious accident speed per hour.
Four, accompanying drawing explanation
Five, specific embodiments
1, in accompanying drawing 1 pipeline locomotive construction profile, on present transport systems, add closed conduit (9), be equipped with the air accumulation compressor reducer (10) that gathers air in the front portion of locomotive, high pressure air memory device (4) is also discharged fast and is formed locomotive head discharge body by the exhaust duct (7) closed conduit (9) fast concentrating after the air accumulation of gathering, compression from the pneumatic exhaust nozzle of goat's horn type (6), is transparency window (8), emergency access (15) between pneumatic exhaust nozzle (6).It is sealing carriage discharge body (20) thereafter.
2, in accompanying drawing 2 air accumulation compressor reducer plan structure figure, in the time that locomotive (3) moves in closed conduit (9), before locomotive, produce density, the air that temperature is higher, one directly before air accumulation compressor reducer by concentrated fast pneumatic breather check valve (14) valve of opening the High Performance orientation on closed conduit (9) exhaust duct (7) of air deflector (18) at convergent-divergent channel contraction section edge, pass through outwards exhaust of the pneumatic air outlet check valve of closed conduit (9) (13), an adjustable throat inlet (2) of adjusting caliber size control flow velocity function by having enters air accumulation compressor reducer (10), to air compressing, produce high pressure air and storage in high pressure air memory device (4), the exhaust duct (7) that the pressure of high pressure air forces the directed outlet pneumatic exhaust nozzle of goat's horn type (6) to be got excited fast on closed conduit is open, emit fast gas, treat the pneumatic exhaust nozzle of locomotive goat's horn type (6) later, exhaust duct (7) is closed, on closed conduit tube wall, sequentially there is a large amount of having directional exhausts road (7), guarantee continual emission gases, reduce density of air, reach target.Wherein one enters the air passage (1) near locomotive sealing carriage inwall by high pressure air memory device (4) bottom, for locomotive sealing carriage air feed, finally compress and the pneumatic goat's horn type of air discharge (6) that passes through sealing carriage both sides is opened exhaust duct (7) through the air compressor of sealing carriage, pass through closed conduit (9) and discharge.What directly enter locomotive sealing carriage is the sealing carriage discharge body (20) on it.
3, enter the station in schematic diagram at accompanying drawing 3 locomotives, hermatic door (11) B that enters the station closes, locomotive (3) passes closed conduit (9) wash the hermatic door that enters the station (11) A open and enter the station after, hermatic door (11) A that enters the station closes, hermatic door (11) B that enters the station opens, and locomotive is inbound.
4, in accompanying drawing 4 locomotive departures schematic diagrams, when locomotive (3) is outputed station, departures hermatic door (11) D closes, departures hermatic door (11) C opens, locomotive (3) departures enter closed conduit (9), departures hermatic door (11) C closes, and departures hermatic door (11) D opens, and locomotive enters closed conduit (9) operation.
5, at accompanying drawing 5 locomotives outside pipeline in exhaust front schematic view, discharge fast high pressure gas from the pneumatic exhaust nozzle of high pressure goat's horn type (6), wash pneumatic breather check valve (14) open and enter fast exhaust duct (7), pressure device (5) expands, wash again pneumatic air outlet check valve (13) open, exhaust duct (7) exhaust; The pneumatic exhaust nozzle of high pressure goat's horn type (6) later, stop discharging high pressure gas, pneumatic breather check valve (14) is closed, and pressure device (5) shrinks exhaust, pneumatic air outlet check valve (13) is closed, and exhaust duct (7) stops exhaust.
6, outside accompanying drawing 6 pipelines in exhaust schematic top plan view, high pressure air memory device (4) high pressure gas on locomotive (3) are discharged fast from the pneumatic exhaust nozzle of high pressure goat's horn type (6), wash fast pneumatic breather check valve (14) switch open and enter exhaust duct (7), pressure device (5) expands, wash again pneumatic air outlet check valve (13) open, exhaust duct (7) exhaust, pressure device (5) expansion exhaust, amplify in space, reduce the possibility that exhaust shock wave produces, reduce noise; The pneumatic exhaust nozzle of high pressure goat's horn type (6) later, stop discharging high pressure gas, pneumatic breather check valve (14) is closed, pressure device (5) shrinks exhaust, pressure device (5) playback, pneumatic air outlet check valve (13) is closed, and exhaust duct (7) stops exhaust.Adjust adjustable throat inlet (2) caliber size, adjust air-flow operation.
7, in accompanying drawing 7 pipeline locomotive Facad structure figure, enter high pressure air memory device (4) by the air in locomotive front through the adjustable throat inlet (2) of locomotive (3) head air accumulation compressor reducer (10) and form high pressure air, high pressure air enters fast exhaust duct (7) pressure device (5) expansion through pneumatic exhaust nozzle (6) and opens, and gas passes through closed conduit (9) exhaust.On closed conduit, also have transparency window (8), the transparent daylighting of emergency access (15), escape, under have roadbed (17).Upper and lower electric power, signal and attendant equipment (19) thereof are the air deflector (18) of directly concentrating outside exhaust before air accumulation compressor reducer.
8, form in figure at accompanying drawing 8 subsonic flows, in the time that locomotive (3) moves in closed conduit (9), because locomotive running speed is subsonic, locomotive motion application force constantly accumulates, in the front generation density of locomotive (3), one of the air that temperature is higher directly passes through in the air deflector collection (18) at convergent-divergent channel contraction section edge before air accumulation compressor reducer, open exhaust duct, pass through the outside exhaust of closed conduit, another portion enters air accumulation compressor reducer (10), by adjustable throat inlet (2) to air compressing, produce high pressure air and storage in high pressure air memory device (4), the pressure of high pressure air, force the directed outlet pneumatic exhaust nozzle of goat's horn type (6) to open fast fast pneumatic breather check valve (14) valve of the High Performance orientation on closed conduit (9) exhaust duct (7), pass through outwards exhaust of the pneumatic air outlet check valve of closed conduit (9) (13).
9, form in figure, in the time that locomotive (3) moves in closed conduit (9) at accompanying drawing 9 supersonic airstreams.Because locomotive (3) running velocity is hyprsonic, locomotive motion application force can not accumulate, in locomotive, produce density, the large portion of air that temperature is higher enters air accumulation compressor reducer (10), by adjustable throat inlet (2) to air compressing, produce high pressure air and storage in high pressure air memory device (4), the pressure of high pressure air, the exhaust duct (7) that forces the directed outlet pneumatic exhaust nozzle of goat's horn type (6) to be got excited fast on closed conduit is open, emits fast gas.
10, in accompanying drawing 10 shock wave figure, in traditional closed conduit (9), the operation of locomotive (3) hyprsonic can produce circular arc normal shock wave, locomotive (3) head high temperature, the effect of closed conduit (9) wall excited wave, destroy larger, locomotive in the operation of this closed conduit (9) moderate supersonic speed can not produce circular arc anterior arch normal shock wave (16), under pressure, air rate slows down, form the compression to air, density increases, temperature rise, and anterior arch shock wave is shifted onto air accumulation compressor reducer (4) inner is cantle shock wave, produce more large stream and open fast closed conduit (9) exhaust duct (7) discharge through the pneumatic exhaust nozzle of goat's horn type (6).Locate occasionally have shock wave at adjustable throat inlet (2), adjust its size, can solve.
11, in accompanying drawing 11 supersonic airstream distribution graphs, in the time that locomotive moves in sealed tube, generation density, the air that temperature is higher, one directly enters air accumulation compressor reducer (10), by adjustable throat inlet (2) to air compressing, produce high pressure air and storage in high pressure air memory device (4), one enters storage in high pressure air memory device (4) by pipeline and convergent-divergent channel gap.The exhaust duct (7) that the pressure of high pressure air forces the directed outlet pneumatic exhaust nozzle of goat's horn type (6) to be got excited fast on closed conduit is open, emit fast gas, an air deflector (18) that directly passes through convergent-divergent channel contraction section edge before air accumulation compressor reducer is concentrated, open exhaust duct, pass through the outside exhaust of closed conduit.
12,, in accompanying drawing 12 locomotive head air venting system diagrams, shown the working process of locomotive (3) head discharge body (21).An air discharge that is positioned at locomotive (3) head is by the air accumulation compressor reducer (10) that gathers air, high pressure air memory device (4) and the composition of the pneumatic exhaust nozzle of goat's horn type (6) on it, on three convergent-divergent channel edges of composition air accumulation compressor reducer (10), there is the air deflector (18) on same straight line, identical with closed conduit spacing.Lead in addition the air passage (1) of sealing carriage in high pressure air memory device (4) bottom.
13, in accompanying drawing 13 closed conduit figure, it is on the roadbed (17) at existing transport systems that closed conduit (9) is served as reasons, there is operation passage (12) centre, the High Performance having directional exhaust road (7) that band oriented sense of motion in both sides tilts, there is transparency window (8) centre, emergency access (15), two ends are with hermatic door (11), the seal for pipe joints body of upper and lower electric power, signal and attendant equipment (19) composition thereof; Exhaust duct (7) for two ends be the pneumatic air outlet check valve of fast pneumatic one way stop peturn valve gate control (13) and pneumatic breather check valve (14), centre is the orientation closing in pipe of pressure device (5) composition that can dilation.
14, in accompanying drawing 14 sealing carriage air venting system lateral plans, air discharge on locomotive (3) sealing carriage is by the air accumulation compressor reducer (10) that gathers air, and high pressure air memory device (4) and the pneumatic exhaust nozzle of goat's horn type (6) on it form.Inside there are sealing carriage air-conditioning, air compressor air outlet (22).Due to locomotive way traffic, on sealing carriage, air discharge size is identical, and position is relative, and opposite direction occurs in pairs.
15, in accompanying drawing 15 sealing carriage air venting system front elevations, air discharge on locomotive (3) sealing carriage is by the air accumulation compressor reducer (10) that gathers air, high pressure air memory device (4) and the composition of the pneumatic exhaust nozzle of goat's horn type (6) on it,, be a shape sealing carriage is surrounded in conjunction with forming the round body of smaller part in compartment.(1) air of air passage that leads in addition sealing carriage at high pressure air memory device (4) medial surface passes through it to sealing carriage air feed, finally compress and the pneumatic exhaust nozzle of air discharge goat's horn type (6) that passes through sealing carriage both sides is opened exhaust duct through the air compressor of sealing carriage, pass through closed conduit discharge, can adjust in addition big or small adjustable throat inlet (2), the air passage that the air discharge air on it enters sealing carriage by high pressure air memory device (4) to sealing carriage air feed for people.
Claims (4)
1. a supersonic maintenance-free stamping type vacuum pipeline transportation system, by roadbed, locomotive, electric power, signal and attendant equipment composition thereof, it is characterized in that, by roadbed and be located thereon fixed tubular body closed conduit and the air discharge that is positioned on high-speed cruising locomotive is combined closely, while forming a high-speed motion, the too many air venting body of gas is not lost again in activity freely, in the closed conduit operation passage being of moderate size, the high pressure gas discharged air outside closed conduit fast of utilizing express locomotive motion to produce, reduce density, produce vacuum, and utilize the vacuum state of its service conduit, closed conduit is by high strength, high sealing, low volatilization, the tubulose sealing member that noise insulation, shock-resistant, ageing-resistant material form, it is on the roadbed of existing transport systems, and centre is provided with operation passage, the High Performance having directional exhaust road that band oriented sense of motion in both sides tilts, in the middle of tube wall, be provided with transparency window, emergency access,, with hermatic door, there are electric power, signal and attendant equipment thereof in two ends up and down, the air discharge being positioned on high-speed cruising locomotive is to be made up of the air venting system two parts on air venting system and the locomotive sealing carriage of locomotive front portion, the air venting system of locomotive front portion is made up of the pneumatic exhaust nozzle of goat's horn type on air accumulation compressor reducer, high pressure gas memory device and both sides thereof, air accumulation compressor reducer be after, length pre-small post-large by several contraction section bores little front large convergent-divergent channel and on air deflector be formed by stacking, high pressure gas memory device is the combination of convergent-divergent channel expansion segment and taper locomotive head, the pneumatic exhaust nozzle of directed goat's horn type of the outer exhaust of the oriented pipeline in its both sides, sealing carriage air passage entrance is arranged at bottom, after have locomotive, air venting system on locomotive sealing carriage is a shape sealing carriage is surrounded, left and right air discharge by air accumulation compressor reducer, high pressure gas memory device and on the pneumatic exhaust nozzle of goat's horn type form, it is combined formation and is the round body of smaller part with compartment, two pneumatic exhaust nozzles of goat's horn type of the foot section brought, inside have air-conditioning, air compressor exhausr port.
2. supersonic maintenance-free stamping type vacuum pipeline transportation system according to claim 1, is characterized in that, air venting body quick drain air reduces density, and producing vacuum is to complete with the operation of express locomotive in closed conduit operation passage; The express locomotive moving in closed conduit, an exhaust of every operation some, density of air declines, resistance reduces, the speed of locomotive improves, exhaust capacity increases, and density of air declines again, moves in circles, density of air continuous decrease, until can not accumulate to again enough large density of air and pressure by increase locomotive running speed and time, cannot outwards get rid of gas, produce vacuum and also maintain vacuum state.
3. supersonic maintenance-free stamping type vacuum pipeline transportation system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the air deflector that the anterior air venting system air of locomotive gathers on compressor reducer is the triangle watt type flame diversion trough that is positioned at the concentrated air venting of same position on convergent-divergent channel contraction section edge, equates with the exhaust duct distance on closed conduit; There is adjustable throat inlet at convergent-divergent channel aditus laryngis place, adjusts caliber size, controls flow velocity; The directed punching press of air accumulation compressor reducer, gather, pressure gas; Gas enters rear portion high pressure gas memory device high pressure storage after ram-compressed; High pressure gas memory compression, storage gas; Before the air accumulation compressor reducer of the direct air venting system in locomotive front portion of a high pressure gas part that locomotive high-speed cruising produces, concentrate and open exhaust duct by the air deflector at convergent-divergent channel contraction section edge, pass through the outside exhaust of closed conduit; A part does not enter rear portion high pressure gas memory device high pressure storage after the convergent-divergent channel contraction section path of several different bores enters the punching press of air accumulation compressor reducer, the convergent-divergent channel contraction section of different bores can reduce air separation, control boundary 1ayer, accelerate Air Flow, wherein crossing high-pressure gas reservoir bottom enter locomotive sealing carriage near the air passage of inwall for people, finally compress through the air compressor of sealing carriage, and open exhaust duct through the pneumatic exhaust nozzle of air discharge goat's horn type of sealing carriage both sides, pass through closed conduit discharge; After the pressure gas in high pressure gas memory device reaches certain numerical value, automatically to open the pneumatic exhaust nozzle of right quantity on it and open fast exhaust duct on closed conduit and pass through closed conduit outside safety exhaust fast, density of air reduces; After numerical value reduces, automatically reduce the pneumatic exhaust nozzle quantity of opening, maintain pressure, exhaust produces vacuum continuously and healthily; Pneumatic exhaust nozzle is the directed fleetline fast pneumatic of High Performance check valve, and the population size of unlatching is subject to the control of gaseous tension in high pressure gas memory device; Although density constantly reduces, because locomotive running speed constantly increases, air resistance does not almost change, and exhaust gas pressure continues to maintain; Air major part is discharged by closed conduit, and fraction enters sealing carriage for people, and the air discharge on sealing carriage absorbs the air leaking to be continued to concentrate, compression, discharge.
4. supersonic maintenance-free stamping type vacuum pipeline transportation system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, exhaust duct on closed conduit is that two ends are the gate control of fast pneumatic one way stop peturn valve, centre is the orientation closing in pipe of the pressure device composition of energy dilation, there are reception, buffer memory gas, exhaust, noise elimination effect; Operation passage is the tubular inner space of being combined with roadbed by tubular body for locomotive operation.
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| CN201010584808.0A CN102050121B (en) | 2010-12-03 | 2010-12-03 | Supersonic maintenance-free stamping type vacuum pipeline transportation system |
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| CN201010584808.0A CN102050121B (en) | 2010-12-03 | 2010-12-03 | Supersonic maintenance-free stamping type vacuum pipeline transportation system |
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| CN105253150A (en) * | 2014-07-16 | 2016-01-20 | 征先管联运输科技研究院（北京）有限公司 | Transportation pipeline for pipe traffic system |
| CN105292135B (en) * | 2015-10-29 | 2017-08-01 | 西京学院 | Vacuum pipe traffic vehicle operation piston effect exhaust pumped vacuum systems |
| CN106080619B (en) * | 2016-06-27 | 2018-02-06 | 西京学院 | It is stage by stage conduit traffic vacuum pumping method using vavuum pump and vehicle operation exhaust |
| CN108662348B (en) * | 2018-03-26 | 2019-08-27 | 武汉理工大学 | A kind of sealing device applied in vacuum pipe traffic maintenance |
| US11230300B2 (en) * | 2018-06-29 | 2022-01-25 | Hyperloop Transportation Technologies, Inc. | Method of using air and helium in low-pressure tube transportation systems |
| US11214282B2 (en) * | 2018-06-29 | 2022-01-04 | Hyperloop Transportation Technologies, Inc. | Method and an article of manufacture for determining optimum operating points for power/cost and helium-air ratios in a tubular transportation system |
| EP3814164A4 (en) * | 2018-06-29 | 2022-03-02 | Hyperloop Transportation Technologies, Inc. | Tube transportation systems using a gaseous mixture of air and helium |
| CN110104010B (en) * | 2019-05-30 | 2024-04-19 | 华中科技大学 | Vacuum pipeline high-speed magnetic levitation train heat exchange system |
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