CN102038106A

CN102038106A - Method for designing formula of layer feed

Info

Publication number: CN102038106A
Application number: CN2010102861774A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张福生
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2010-09-19
Filing date: 2010-09-19
Publication date: 2011-05-04

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for designing a formula of a layer feed, which can confirm the optimum daily protein requirement of the layer feed and comprises three ways: maximum laying rate design, maximum egg weight design and optimum benefit formula design. In the invention, the maximum egg weight is designed for enhancing the egg weight and the feed nutrition requirement when the weight is used for counting the output on the base of the medium-sized layers; the method is mainly characterized by using the fish meal and studying the amino acid; eggs with greater weight can be produced by utilizing more fish meal; but in the mean time the problems of more death and culling rate and rectocele are generated, thereby providing a chance for the appearance of the large-sized layers on the market. After undergoing the requirements of the maximum laying rate and the maximum egg weight, that the optimum benefit technology is a basic requirement in the layer production is gradually realized, therefore, the raising of the layer comprises the following requirements: feed cost, optimum egg weight, peak laying time, pollution-free eggs, function eggs and free-range eggs; and the requirements on the raising of the layer is more careful and complex.

Description

The method for designing of laying hen material formula

Technical field

The present invention is the method for designing of laying hen material formula, belongs to feed processing industry.

Background technology

At first determine the daily ingestion amount of high-yield egg chicken, the feed intake of laying hen is the basic principle and the basis of the design of laying hen material by the energy decision that needs laying hen day, also is the significant consideration of investigating competitive enterprise's laying hen material class.Determine the best day protein requirement of laying hen material, be divided into maximum laying rate design and the design of maximum egg size, and three kinds of modes of optimum efficiency benefit prescription design.Determine the requirement of day calcium.Determine other formulation parameter and standard formula according to above needs parameter.According to above each parameter, select structure and the machined parameters and the material type matching problem of daily ration.

Summary of the invention

Concrete calculating and machined parameters example: (is example with the brown medium-sized laying hen of Luo Man)

Environmental standard requires: Luo Man is brown medium-sized, environment temperature 21 degree, relative humidity 50～70%, 1.45 kilograms of SBWs.

Open and produce 1.45 kilograms of suitable body weight, suggestion is strengthened management to 1.48～1.50 kilograms, helps to prolong laying period and the uniformity of laying eggs, and obtains bigger egg easily.

The metabolizable energy requirement of environmental standard condition: 307kcal/ day, plumage, need calcium 3.4～3.6 grams day, satisfy minimum 18.6 gram/days of protein needs, the plumage of maximum egg size, now designing the peak period feed intake is the peak material of 118 gram/days, plumage:

Metabolizable energy requires: 307/0.118=2600kcal/kg;

The requirement of daily ration calcium: 3.4 grams/118 grams=2.88%～3.05%;

The requirement of protein: 18.6/118=15.76%;

For satisfying minimum protein digestibility requirement, lysine/crude protein minimum rate is more than or equal to 4.6%, and lysine requires to be 15.76*4.6%=0.725%; Methionine: lysine=0.45: 1, methionine are 0.326%.

Select food according to laying hen and raise principle, select raw material that corn is arranged, broken 2～4 lobes; Dregs of beans, different coarse crushings of raw material sources or directly adding; Cotton dregs, raw material sources subtract larger particles and directly drop into; The dish dregs of rice directly drop into; Sunflower seed dregs, coarse crushing directly drops into; Fish meal, fish slurry protein powder, lard stearin directly drop into; Wheat bran directly drops into; Use iodine salt manufacturing, use calcium monohydrogen phosphate or bone meal, directly drop into; Calculating calcium content wherein and the microlith powder calcium total amount that may add is: about 1.0%; Select particle stone flour and oyster shell whiting to mix, replenish remaining calcium.

Prescription is corrected:

Body weight is corrected: every raising 1 kg body weight of laying hen, and metabolizable energy need improve 36kcal/d, when promptly the brown later stage body weight 2000 of Luo Man restrains, needs to increase by 550 gram body weight, needs 36*0.55=19.8kcal/d; Note 19.8/2600=8 gram/sky, total feed intake are the 118+8=126 gram; Feed intake is 126 grams when being standard environment.

Environment is corrected: the every rising of temperature or once reduce, and every kg body weight increase and decrease metabolizable energy 2kcal/kg, optimum range is 15～27 degree, is lower than 15 degree and considers enhancements of environment, is higher than 27 degree and considers heat stresses.

Body condition is corrected: feather is complete, follows above algorithm, feather rareness, disappearance, metabolizable energy increase in demand.

Grease adds: fat is not only as important energy source, and be the source of heat stress of layer and some important nutrition, after material is adding grease, reduced dust simultaneously, improved the laying hen performance of searching for food simultaneously, when especially having too much fines to exist, can influence the realization of the target of searching for food.

Laying hen has the phenomenon of searching for food: inertia is searched for food; Be that laying hen can be observed the feed intake of the day before yesterday when reloading, when before design diet nutrient concentration is higher than, expecting,, embody the increase or constant of laying eggs because the day nutrition that inertia is searched for food increases, but laying rate descends when material before being lower than, and also is that the principal element of reloading is reluctant at laying hen material family; Another problem is a formulation composition, mainly is the influence of digestibility, recovers normally to search for food in the back of generally reloading in 3～7 days.

The optimum efficiency formula technique principle of laying hen and the method for determining:

The technology fact of maximum laying rate is to require stage thinking definite for the prescription of differentiating different times afterwards, be that early stage egg is suitable to " beating " or " number " the prescription requirement when calculating achievement of sale, main layer breed is the white shell egg chicken of representative with " star assorted 288 "; The supply of vitamin and protein research, especially energy and protein research are the principal characters in this period; General every kilogram is about 17～19 eggs; Be 16 eggs of medium-sized laying hen of later stage, unit interval output weight replaces.

Variation along with the egg product selling market, maximum egg size is for improving egg size on the basis of medium-sized chicken, feed nutrition requirement when raising is calculated output with weight, it is leading to use and amino acid whose research is principal character with fish meal, high fish meal brings bigger egg size, also produces problems such as more death rate and prolapse of the anus simultaneously; Also the listing for the large fowl kind provides opportunity.

After having experienced maximum laying rate and maximum egg size requirement, recognize that progressively the optimum efficiency technology is the fundamental requirement that laying hen produces, thereby the raising that requires laying hen comprises feed cost, best egg size, peak oviposition period, and requirement such as present nuisanceless, function egg, thin and small hen egg, more careful and complicated to the requirement of layer breeding.

The specific embodiment

The optimum efficiency formula technique is to be based upon on the basis of minimum production cost, promptly produces the egg expense minimum of equal number or weight, perhaps produces the egg product of equal number with least cost.

As target component, the expense minimum is design considerations to search for food laying hen day with the expense minimum.

The effective energy that the feed intake of laying hen is provided by feed is the basis, and the energy demand of every day has determined the feed intake of feed, and can accurately know the requirement of other nutrition of every day; By the feed intake design, just can produce the high-yield egg chicken feed of different class and the forage standard of Different Nutrition concentration like this; In certain raw material range of choice, produce the feed of different formulations cost.

With the feed unit price * daily ingestion amount=laying hen day expense of searching for food is object, and its minimum of a value is minimum feeding cost prescription (optimum efficiency prescription), and its condition is: laying rate is consistent with egg size.

Raise laying hen material formula method for designing and the feeding and management that principle is carried out according to selecting food:

Owing to laying hen is selected the existence that food is raised phenomenon, just lay the foundation for new laying hen material formula method, its supporting feeding and management (feeding method) is also adjusted according to its principle simultaneously; Make the feed formula cost descend 8% in experiment, the feed intake during the free choice feeding amount has reduced gets over 10%, and rate of broken eggs reduces significantly, and benefit has improved about 20%.

Claims

1. the present invention is the method for designing of laying hen material formula.

2. metabolisable energy: 307kcal/ day, plumage, need calcium 3.4～3.6 grams day, satisfy minimum 18.6 gram/days of protein needs, the plumage of maximum egg size.