CN102035002B - Fuel cell module with water and thermal management capability - Google Patents
Fuel cell module with water and thermal management capability Download PDFInfo
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- CN102035002B CN102035002B CN201010566184XA CN201010566184A CN102035002B CN 102035002 B CN102035002 B CN 102035002B CN 201010566184X A CN201010566184X A CN 201010566184XA CN 201010566184 A CN201010566184 A CN 201010566184A CN 102035002 B CN102035002 B CN 102035002B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04694—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by variables to be controlled
- H01M8/04701—Temperature
- H01M8/04731—Temperature of other components of a fuel cell or fuel cell stacks
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
- H01M8/04089—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants
- H01M8/04119—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants with simultaneous supply or evacuation of electrolyte; Humidifying or dehumidifying
- H01M8/04156—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants with simultaneous supply or evacuation of electrolyte; Humidifying or dehumidifying with product water removal
- H01M8/04164—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants with simultaneous supply or evacuation of electrolyte; Humidifying or dehumidifying with product water removal by condensers, gas-liquid separators or filters
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04291—Arrangements for managing water in solid electrolyte fuel cell systems
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
- H01M8/0432—Temperature; Ambient temperature
- H01M8/04358—Temperature; Ambient temperature of the coolant
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
- H01M8/04537—Electric variables
- H01M8/04544—Voltage
- H01M8/04552—Voltage of the individual fuel cell
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
- H01M8/04537—Electric variables
- H01M8/04544—Voltage
- H01M8/04559—Voltage of fuel cell stacks
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04694—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by variables to be controlled
- H01M8/04701—Temperature
- H01M8/04723—Temperature of the coolant
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04694—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by variables to be controlled
- H01M8/04858—Electric variables
- H01M8/04865—Voltage
- H01M8/0488—Voltage of fuel cell stacks
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04694—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by variables to be controlled
- H01M8/04746—Pressure; Flow
- H01M8/04776—Pressure; Flow at auxiliary devices, e.g. reformer, compressor, burner
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
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Abstract
The invention discloses a fuel cell module with water and thermal management capacity, comprising a fuel cell pile, a distribution unit, a power management unit, a voltage reducing and heating submodule, a liquid water management submodule, an external packing submodule and other parts. The distribution unit distributes hydrogen, air and a cooling medium which enter the modules into each single pile; the power management unit carries out state detection and management on the modules and controls the connection and the disconnection of power output; the voltage reducing and heating submodule regulates the temperature of the fuel cell pile and controls the output voltage; the liquid water management submodule carries out liquid water separation on the hydrogen and the air which enter a fuel cell pile module and discharges the liquid water at the hydrogen side; and the external packing submodule realizes water and dust prevention and heat preservation of the fuel cell pile module and discharges the hydrogen and steam in a packing module. The invention has the advantages that the fuel cell module can rapidly enter the ideal working state, thereby being beneficial to improving the performance, the stability, the safety and the like of the fuel cell module.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to fuel cell field, particularly fuel cell module.
Background technology
Traditional fuel cell module only comprises fuel cell pack, hydrogen allocation units, air distribution unit, coolant allocation units, unit voltage detecting unit and electric power output unit usually.The deficiency of traditional fuel cell module is that inside modules does not have the hydro-thermal management function, is unfavorable for that fuel cell enters the ideal operation state as early as possible when using.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of fuel cell modular structure with self-managed water heat ability, make fuel cell module can enter fast desirable operating state.
Technical scheme of the present invention is: a kind of fuel cell module with hydro-thermal managerial ability, comprise the fuel cell pack, allocation units, unit voltage detecting unit and the electric power output unit that place in the external packing submodule, the external packing submodule comprises air intlet, air outlet slit, hydrogen inlet, hydrogen outlet, cooling medium inlet, coolant outlet, communication interface, the negative pole interface of fuel cell pack and the anode interface of fuel cell pack that arranges on pack case and the pack case; Coolant entrance, coolant outlet, air intake, air outlet slit, hydrogen inlet are connected with fuel cell pack with hydrogen outlet and are connected; The negative pole interface of fuel cell pack and the anode interface of fuel cell pack link to each other with the output of fuel cell pack, allocation units comprise hydrogen allocation units, air distribution unit and coolant allocation units, it is characterized in that described fuel cell module with hydro-thermal managerial ability also comprises Power Management Unit, step-down heating submodule and the aqueous water management submodule that places in the external packing submodule;
Described external packing submodule also comprises energy controller, energy-storage units, electric heating unit, hydrogen discharge mouth, ventilation air inlet pipeline interface and ventilation air outlet pipeline interface, described pack case inwall lays insulation material, described hydrogen discharge mouth, ventilation air inlet pipeline interface and ventilation air outlet pipeline interface are arranged on the pack case, the ventilation air inlet pipeline is connected with the air compressor machine/fan outlet of fuel cell generation, and the floss hole of ventilation air outlet pipeline and fuel cell system links to each other; Described energy controller is in pack case, the energy controller input links to each other with the positive and negative level of fuel cell pack respectively, the energy controller output links to each other with electric heating unit with energy-storage units respectively, and the electric heating element of electric heating unit is arranged in the heat insulation material surface of pack case inwall; Described communication interface links to each other with the electronic control unit module of Power Management Unit; The hydrogen discharge mouth of described fuel cell module links to each other with the hydrogen outlet of fuel cell pack with impulse electromagnetic valve through the aqueous water water trap, and described fuel cell pack is fixed on the pack case by end plate;
Described Power Management Unit comprises the electronic control unit module, air temperature sensor, air pressure probe, the hydrogen temperature transducer, the Hydrogen Vapor Pressure transducer, the coolant temperature transducer, the pressure cooling medium transducer, voltage sensor, current sensor and rat tail, air temperature sensor and air pressure probe are connected on the fuel cell pack air inlet passageway, hydrogen temperature transducer and Hydrogen Vapor Pressure transducer are connected on the fuel cell pack hydrogen intake channel, coolant temperature transducer and pressure cooling medium transducer are connected on the fuel cell pack cooling medium inlet passage, voltage sensor and current sensor are connected on the fuel cell pack electricity outlet line, air temperature sensor, air pressure probe, the hydrogen temperature transducer, the Hydrogen Vapor Pressure transducer, the coolant temperature transducer, the pressure cooling medium transducer, voltage sensor is connected holding wire to be connected with the electronic control unit module with current sensor;
Described step-down heating submodule comprises the import unidirectional valve, the outlet unidirectional valve, heating water tank, resistance and circulating pump, the heating water tank outlet links to each other with the coolant entrance of fuel cell pack coolant allocation units, the heating water tank entrance links to each other with fuel cell module coolant entrance on the pack case by the import unidirectional valve, outlet unidirectional valve entrance links to each other with the coolant outlet of fuel cell pack coolant allocation units, outlet unidirectional valve outlet links to each other with fuel cell module coolant outlet on the pack case, circulating-pump outlet links to each other with heating water tank, pump entry links to each other with the coolant outlet of fuel cell pack coolant allocation units, the control switch of circulating pump links to each other with the electronic control unit module, be provided with resistance in the heating water tank, resistance one end is connected to the negative pole of fuel cell pack, and the other end is connected to the positive pole of fuel cell pack by the electronic control unit module;
Described aqueous water management submodule is by the hydrogen water knockout drum, air water separator, aqueous water water trap and impulse electromagnetic valve form, fuel cell module air intake on the pack case links to each other by the air intake of air water separator with the air distribution unit of fuel cell pack, fuel cell module air outlet slit on the pack case shell links to each other with the air outlet slit of the air distribution unit of fuel cell pack, fuel cell module hydrogen inlet on the pack case links to each other with the hydrogen inlet of fuel cell pack hydrogen allocation units by the hydrogen water knockout drum, the fuel cell module hydrogen outlet links to each other with the hydrogen outlet of fuel cell pack hydrogen allocation units on the pack case, aqueous water water trap one end links to each other with fuel cell module hydrogen outlet on the pack case, the other end links to each other with fuel cell module hydrogen discharge mouth on the pack case by impulse electromagnetic valve, the aqueous water water trap places the minimum point of fuel cell module, and impulse electromagnetic valve links to each other with the electronic control unit module of Power Management Unit.
A kind of fuel cell module with hydro-thermal managerial ability of the present invention, it is characterized in that described electronic control unit module is by the single battery voltage Acquisition Circuit, temperature collection circuit, the pressure acquisition circuit, current collection circuit, the total voltage Acquisition Circuit, the resistance switch drive circuit, the pulse electromagnetic valve-driving circuit, the circulating pump switch driving circuit, communicating circuit and digital core form, described single battery voltage Acquisition Circuit, temperature collection circuit, the pressure acquisition circuit, current collection circuit, the total voltage Acquisition Circuit respectively with the fuel cell pack monocell, air temperature sensor, the hydrogen temperature transducer, the coolant temperature transducer, air pressure probe, the Hydrogen Vapor Pressure transducer, the pressure cooling medium transducer, voltage sensor, current sensor connects by interface with holding wire, described resistance switch drive circuit is electrically connected with step-down heating submodule resistance, the break-make of controlled hypotension heating submodule resistance, described pulse electromagnetic valve-driving circuit is connected with the controller of the impulse electromagnetic valve of aqueous water management submodule, the break-make of control impuls electromagnetically operated valve, described circulating pump switch driving circuit is electrically connected with step-down heating submodule circulating pump, the start and stop of controlled hypotension heating submodule circulating pump, described communicating circuit is connected with the fuel cell generation control unit by communication interface.
A kind of fuel cell module with hydro-thermal managerial ability of the present invention, it is characterized in that described aqueous water water trap is comprised of water knockout drum, incubation chamber and PTC thermistor, water knockout drum places in the incubation chamber, the PTC thermistor places the catchment outside of part of water knockout drum in the incubation chamber, and the PTC thermistor is connected with the load line of fuel cell.
A kind of fuel cell module with hydro-thermal managerial ability of the present invention, the energy controller that it is characterized in that described external packing submodule comprises the energy controller digital core, voltage changer, charge switch, heater switch, energy controller voltage acquisition module and energy controller temperature collect module, voltage changer is the voltage changer that voltage-dropping type Constant current output circuit consists of, the energy controller digital core is connected with voltage changer, be connected with the energy controller temperature collect module with the energy controller voltage acquisition module respectively by holding wire, the voltage changer input links to each other with negative pole with the positive pole of fuel cell module respectively, the voltage changer output is connected with energy-storage units by charge switch, the energy controller voltage acquisition module is connected with energy-storage units, and energy-storage units is connected with electric heating unit by heater switch; Described external packing submodule energy-storage units is ultracapacitor, lithium ion battery or Ni-MH battery; The electric heating element of described external packing submodule electric heating unit is heating wire, ribbon heater or electrothermal tube.
A kind of fuel cell module with hydro-thermal managerial ability of the present invention is characterized in that described ventilation air inlet pipeline interface and ventilation air outlet pipeline interface place respectively on a pair of opposed risers of pack case, highly are positioned at apart from 1/5 place, pack case top.
A kind of management control method with fuel cell module of hydro-thermal managerial ability of the present invention, it is characterized in that described management control method comprises power management control method, step-down heating management control method, fuel cell pack thermal-insulation control method and aqueous water management control method, described power management control method is: the electronic control unit module is according to setting fuel cell pack dispatch from the factory polarization curve, attenuation characteristic and detect online output voltage and the output current of fuel cell module, the output state of on-line analysis fuel cell and current maximum fan-out capability; Described step-down heating management control method is: the electronic control unit module detects fuel cell module total voltage and coolant temperature by voltage sensor and coolant temperature transducer, the operating state of the energy management unit of controlled hypotension heating submodule operating state and external packing submodule; Described fuel cell pack thermal-insulation control method is: energy controller detects the fuel cell module coolant temperature by the coolant temperature transducer, the heat tracing of control fuel cell module; Described aqueous water management control method is: the electronic control unit module detects fuel cell pack single battery voltage, fuel cell stack operation temperature and fuel cell module output current by inner single battery voltage detecting unit, coolant temperature transducer and current sensor, control aqueous water management submodule operating state.
A kind of management control method with fuel cell module of hydro-thermal managerial ability of the present invention, it is characterized in that described step-down heating submodule working state control comprises the control of resistance on off operating mode and the control of circulating pump start and stop state: described resistance on off operating mode is controlled to be: digital core gathers the temperature T of coolant by temperature collection circuit, when temperature T is lower than set point T1, connect resistance by the control of resistance switch drive circuit, when temperature T is higher than set point T2, digital core is judged the output voltage V that voltage collection circuit gathers fuel cell pack, when the fuel cell pack output voltage V surpasses set point V1, then connect resistance by the control of resistance switch drive circuit, as fuel cell pack output voltage V low pressure set point V2, then by resistance switch drive circuit control off resistance; Described circulating pump start and stop state is controlled to be: digital core gathers the temperature T of coolant by temperature collection circuit, when temperature T is lower than set point T1, connect circulating pump by the control of circulating pump switch driving circuit, make coolant in the fuel cell module inner loop, be convenient to fuel cell module intensification and insulation, when temperature T is higher than set point T1, disconnect circulating pump by the control of circulating pump switch driving circuit, make the coolant circulation of the fuel cell system of coolant and fuel cell module outside, be convenient to reduce the battery pile temperature.
A kind of management control method with fuel cell module of hydro-thermal managerial ability of the present invention, its
Be characterised in that described external packing submodule fuel cell pack preservation and controlling is: the energy controller digital core charges to energy-storage units by the output current of control voltage changer, the energy controller digital core is by the voltage Ven of voltage acquisition module Real-time Collection energy-storage units, if Ven surpasses set point Venset, then the energy controller digital core is controlled turn off charge switch, stop to charge to energy-storage units, the energy controller digital core gathers fuel cell pack coolant temperature Tmod by temperature collect module, when Tmod is lower than set point Tmodset, then heater switch is connected in the digital core of energy controller control, by electrical heating elements to the fuel cell module heat tracing.
A kind of management control method with fuel cell module of hydro-thermal managerial ability of the present invention, it is characterized in that described aqueous water management submodule working state control is: electronic control unit module digital core is according to minimum single battery voltage, stack temperature and current integration are by pulse electromagnetic valve-driving circuit control impuls electromagnetic valve switch cycle and duty ratio, when fuel cell pack monomer battery voltage Vcellmin is lower than set point Vcellminset, then continuous blow-down is N time, the discharging cycle is Tcell, duty ratio is 50%, when the fuel cell pack monomer battery voltage all is higher than set point Vcellminset, the discharging duty ratio is constant DRnorm, discharging cycle T dr determines according to coolant temperature and fuel cell pack output current integration
A kind of management control method with fuel cell module of hydro-thermal managerial ability of the present invention, it is characterized in that described pulse electromagnetic valve-driving circuit is electronic drive circuit, its structure is: the signal of electronic control unit module digital core links to each other with resistance I one end, the other end of resistance I links to each other with the base stage of triode I, the end of resistance II is connected with the collector electrode of triode I, the other end links to each other with the optocoupler input, the grounded emitter of triode I, the optocoupler output links to each other with collector electrode with triode II base stage respectively, the grounded emitter of triode II, the optocoupler output is communicated with impulse electromagnetic valve with the circuit that triode II collector electrode is connected, and triode II collector electrode is by diode ground connection.
Principle of the present invention is: by air turnover pipeline is set in pack case, the hydrogen of module internal leakage can in time be got rid of, by setting up the cooling water circulation in the pack case and being communicated with the cooling water of the outer fuel cell system of pack case, making the interior battery pile of module reach ideal in the short time is working temperature, simultaneously, in the cooling water tank in pack case resistance is set, the output of resistance and battery pile establishes a connection, make the average voltage of fuel cell pack be lower than 0.85V, hydrogen gas side by battery pile in pack case arranges the aqueous water water trap, and utilize the aqueous water heating in the thermistor liquid towards water water trap to make it to enter hydrogen outlet after the gasification, so that hydrogen survey draining is more complete, convenient, by insulation material and heating unit are set in pack case, make the temperature in the pack case controllable, thereby make fuel cell module have more stable performance.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: can make fuel cell module enter fast desirable operating state, be conducive to improve stability, fail safe of module etc.
Description of drawings
The present invention has accompanying drawing 9 width of cloth, wherein
Accompanying drawing 1 is that fuel cell module of the present invention consists of schematic diagram
Accompanying drawing 2 is that Power Management Unit consists of schematic diagram
Accompanying drawing 3 is that the pulse electromagnetic valve-driving circuit consists of schematic diagram
Accompanying drawing 4 is impulse electromagnetic valve control flow charts
Accompanying drawing 5 is hydrogen gas side discharge structure schematic diagrames
Accompanying drawing 6 is water trap structural representations
Accompanying drawing 7 is fuel cell module external packing structure schematic diagrames
Accompanying drawing 8 is energy manager structural representations
Accompanying drawing 9 is embodiment 40kw fuel cell module fuel cell pack connection diagrams
In the accompanying drawing, 100, fuel cell pack, 1001, fuel cell pack I, 1002, fuel cell pack II, 210, air intlet on the pack case, 220, air outlet slit on the pack case, 230, air distribution unit, 2301, fuel cell pack I air intake, 2302, fuel cell pack II air road entrance, 2303, fuel cell pack I air outlet slit, 2304, fuel cell pack II air way outlet, 240, the hydrogen water knockout drum, 310, hydrogen inlet on the pack case, 320, hydrogen outlet on the pack case, 330, the hydrogen allocation units, 3301 fuel cell pack I hydrogen inlets, 3302, fuel cell pack II hydrogen road entrance, 3303 fuel cell pack I hydrogen outlets, 3304, fuel cell pack II hydrogen way outlet, 340, air water separator, 350, the aqueous water water trap, 3501, dividing plate, 3502, aqueous water water trap water knockout drum, 3503, aqueous water water trap incubation chamber, 3504, aqueous water water trap water inlet, 3505, aqueous water water trap delivery port, 3506, the PTC thermistor, 360, impulse electromagnetic valve, 370 hydrogen discharge mouths, 410, cooling medium inlet on the pack case, 420, coolant outlet on the pack case, 430, the coolant allocation units, 4301, fuel cell pack I coolant entrance, 4302, fuel cell pack II coolant entrance, 4303, the outlet of fuel cell pack I coolant, 4304, the outlet of fuel cell pack II coolant, 440, the import unidirectional valve, 450, heating water tank, 460, resistance, 470, circulating pump, 480, the outlet unidirectional valve, 510, the electronic control unit module, 520, air temperature sensor, 530, air pressure probe, 540 hydrogen temperature transducers, 550, the Hydrogen Vapor Pressure transducer, 560, the coolant temperature transducer, 570, the pressure cooling medium transducer, 580, voltage sensor, 590, current sensor, 591,592, communication interface on the pack case, 5110, the single battery voltage Acquisition Circuit, 5111, temperature collection circuit, 5112, the pressure acquisition circuit, 5113, current collection circuit, 5114, the total voltage Acquisition Circuit, 5115, the resistance switch drive circuit, 5116, the pulse electromagnetic valve-driving circuit, 51161, resistance I, 51162, triode I, 51163, resistance II, 51164, optocoupler, 51165, triode II, 51166, diode, 5117, the circulating pump switch driving circuit, 5118, communicating circuit, 5119, digital core, 610, the anode interface of the fuel cell pack on the pack case, 620, the negative pole interface of the fuel cell pack on the pack case, 6101, the positive pole of fuel cell pack I, 6102, the negative pole of fuel cell pack I, 6103, the positive pole of fuel cell pack II, 6104, the negative pole of fuel cell pack II, 710, pack case, 720, energy controller, 7200, the energy controller digital core, 7201, voltage changer, 7202, charge switch, 7203, heater switch, 7204, the energy controller voltage acquisition module, 7205, the energy controller temperature collect module, 730, energy-storage units, 740, electric heating unit, 750, ventilation air inlet pipeline interface, 760, ventilation air outlet pipeline interface, 800, air compressor machine/the blower fan of fuel cell generation.
Embodiment
Embodiment is the 40kw fuel cell module with hydro-thermal managerial ability.
Two 20kw fuel cell packs are arranged, and each battery pile joint number is 150 joints, and operating pressure is lower than 100kpa, and its rate of decay Vt is 10mV/h, and the air side Drag Indices is 20kpa@50Nm3/h, and the hydrogen gas side Drag Indices is 25kpa@10Nm3/h.
The air road, hydrogen road and coolant road are in parallel, electric power is output as parallel connection, as shown in Figure 9,1001 and 1002 are respectively fuel cell pack, fuel cell pack 1001 air intakes 2301 link to each other with fuel cell pack 1002 air road entrances 2302 by air distribution unit 230, fuel cell pack 1001 air outlet slits 2303 link to each other with fuel cell pack 1002 air way outlets 2304 by air distribution unit 230, fuel cell pack 1001 hydrogen inlets 3301 link to each other with fuel cell pack 1002 hydrogen road entrances 3302 by hydrogen allocation units 330, fuel cell pack 1001 hydrogen outlets 3303 link to each other with fuel cell pack 1002 air way outlets 3304 by hydrogen allocation units 330, fuel cell pack 1001 coolant entrances 4301 link to each other with fuel cell pack 1002 coolant entrances 4302 by coolant allocation units 430, the outlet 4303 of fuel cell pack 1001 coolants links to each other with fuel cell pack 1002 coolants outlet 4304 by coolant allocation units 430,6101 is the positive pole of fuel cell pack 1001,6102 is the negative pole of fuel cell pack 1001,6103 is the positive pole of fuel cell pack 1002, and 6104 is the negative pole of fuel cell pack 1002.
Aqueous water water trap 350 as shown in Figure 6.3501: baffle plate, 3502: minute water box, 3503: incubation chamber, 3504: hydrogen gas interface, 3505: hydrogen exhaust port, 3506:PTC thermistor (operating voltage: 150-300V, heating-up temperature: 150-250 ℃, rated power: 300W), impulse electromagnetic valve 360 bores are Φ 5mm.
7201 is buck type reduction voltage circuit in the energy manager 720, and with constant current mode output, 7202 and 7203 is switch relay GV50 by digital core 7200 in output control.Energy-storage units is Ni-MH battery 24V/40Ah, and heating tape power is 200W.
Claims (10)
1. fuel cell module with hydro-thermal managerial ability, comprise the fuel cell pack that places in the external packing submodule, allocation units, single battery voltage detecting unit and electric power output unit, external packing submodule comprise the air intlet (210) that arranges on pack case (710) and the pack case, air outlet slit (220), hydrogen inlet (310), hydrogen outlet (320), cooling medium inlet (410), coolant outlet (420), communication interface (591,592), the negative pole interface (620) of fuel cell pack and the anode interface (610) of fuel cell pack; Coolant entrance (410), coolant outlet (420), air intake (210), air outlet slit (220), hydrogen inlet (310) are connected 320 with hydrogen outlet) be connected with fuel cell pack (100) respectively; The negative pole interface (620) of fuel cell pack and the anode interface (610) of fuel cell pack link to each other with the output of fuel cell pack, allocation units comprise hydrogen allocation units (330), air distribution unit (230) and coolant allocation units (430), it is characterized in that described fuel cell module with hydro-thermal managerial ability also comprises Power Management Unit, step-down heating submodule and the aqueous water management submodule that places in the external packing submodule;
Described external packing submodule also comprises energy controller (720), energy-storage units (730), electric heating unit (740), hydrogen discharge mouth (370), ventilation air inlet pipeline interface (750) and ventilation air outlet pipeline interface (760), described pack case (710) inwall lays insulation material, described hydrogen discharge mouth (370), ventilation air inlet pipeline interface (750) and ventilation air outlet pipeline interface (760) are arranged on the pack case (710), ventilation air inlet pipeline (750) is connected with air compressor machine or blower fan (800) outlet of fuel cell generation, and the floss hole of ventilation air outlet pipeline (760) and fuel cell system links to each other; Described energy controller (720) is in pack case (710), energy controller (720) input links to each other with the positive and negative level (610,620) of fuel cell pack (100) respectively, energy controller (720) output links to each other with electric heating unit (740) with energy-storage units (730) respectively, and the electric heating element of electric heating unit (740) is arranged in the heat insulation material surface of pack case (710) inwall; Described communication interface (591,592) links to each other with the electronic control unit module (510) of Power Management Unit; The hydrogen discharge mouth (370) of described fuel cell module links to each other with the hydrogen outlet of fuel cell pack with impulse electromagnetic valve (360) through aqueous water water trap (350), and described fuel cell pack (100) is fixed on the pack case by end plate;
Described Power Management Unit comprises electronic control unit module (510), air temperature sensor (520), air pressure probe (530), hydrogen temperature transducer (540), Hydrogen Vapor Pressure transducer (550), coolant temperature transducer (560), pressure cooling medium transducer (570), voltage sensor (580), current sensor (590) and rat tail, air temperature sensor (520) and air pressure probe (530) are connected on the fuel cell pack air inlet passageway, hydrogen temperature transducer (540) and Hydrogen Vapor Pressure transducer (550) are connected on the fuel cell pack hydrogen intake channel, coolant temperature transducer (560) and pressure cooling medium transducer (570) are connected on the fuel cell pack cooling medium inlet passage, voltage sensor (580) and current sensor (590) are connected on the fuel cell pack electricity outlet line, air temperature sensor (520), air pressure probe (530), hydrogen temperature transducer (540), Hydrogen Vapor Pressure transducer (550), coolant temperature transducer (560), pressure cooling medium transducer (570), voltage sensor (580) is connected 590 with current sensor) be connected with electronic control unit module (510) with holding wire;
Described step-down heating submodule comprises import unidirectional valve (440), outlet unidirectional valve (480), heating water tank (450), resistance (460) and circulating pump (470), heating water tank (450) outlet links to each other with the coolant entrance of fuel cell pack coolant allocation units (430), heating water tank (450) entrance links to each other with fuel cell module coolant entrance (410) on the pack case (710) by import unidirectional valve (440), outlet unidirectional valve (480) entrance links to each other with the coolant outlet of fuel cell pack coolant allocation units (430), outlet unidirectional valve (480) outlet exports (420) with fuel cell module coolant on the pack case (710) and links to each other, circulating pump (470) outlet links to each other with heating water tank (450), circulating pump (470) entrance links to each other with the coolant outlet of fuel cell pack coolant allocation units (430), the control switch of circulating pump (470) links to each other with electronic control unit module (510), be provided with resistance (460) in the heating water tank (450), resistance (460) one ends are connected to the negative pole (620) of fuel cell pack, and the other end is connected to the positive pole (610) of fuel cell pack by electronic control unit module (510);
Described aqueous water management submodule is by hydrogen water knockout drum (240), air water separator (340), aqueous water water trap (350) and impulse electromagnetic valve (360) form, fuel cell module air intake (210) on the pack case (710) links to each other with the air intake of the air distribution unit (230) of fuel cell pack by air water separator (240), fuel cell module air outlet slit (220) on the pack case (710) links to each other with the air outlet slit of the air distribution unit (230) of fuel cell pack, fuel cell module hydrogen inlet (310) on the pack case (710) links to each other with the hydrogen inlet of fuel cell pack hydrogen allocation units (330) by hydrogen water knockout drum (340), the upper fuel cell module hydrogen outlet (320) of pack case (710) links to each other with the hydrogen outlet of fuel cell pack hydrogen allocation units (330), aqueous water water trap (350) one ends link to each other with fuel cell module hydrogen outlet (320) on the pack case (710), the other end links to each other with fuel cell module hydrogen discharge mouth (370) on the pack case by impulse electromagnetic valve (360), aqueous water water trap (350) places the minimum point of fuel cell module, and impulse electromagnetic valve (360) links to each other with the electronic control unit module (510) of Power Management Unit.
2. described a kind of fuel cell module with hydro-thermal managerial ability according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described electronic control unit module (510) is by single battery voltage Acquisition Circuit (5110), temperature collection circuit (5111), pressure acquisition circuit (5112), current collection circuit (5113), total voltage Acquisition Circuit (5114), resistance switch drive circuit (5115), pulse electromagnetic valve-driving circuit (5116), circulating pump switch driving circuit (5117), communicating circuit (5118) and digital core (5119) form, described single battery voltage Acquisition Circuit (5110), temperature collection circuit (5111), pressure acquisition circuit (5112), current collection circuit (5113), total voltage Acquisition Circuit (5114) respectively with fuel cell pack (100) monocell, air temperature sensor (520), hydrogen temperature transducer (540), coolant temperature transducer (560), air pressure probe (530), Hydrogen Vapor Pressure transducer (550), pressure cooling medium transducer (570), voltage sensor (580), current sensor (590) connects by interface with holding wire, described resistance switch drive circuit (5115) is electrically connected with step-down heating submodule resistance (460), the break-make of controlled hypotension heating submodule resistance (460), described pulse electromagnetic valve-driving circuit (5116) is connected with the controller of the impulse electromagnetic valve (360) of aqueous water management submodule, the break-make of control impuls electromagnetically operated valve (360), described circulating pump switch driving circuit (5117) is electrically connected with step-down heating submodule circulating pump (470), the start and stop of controlled hypotension heating submodule circulating pump (470), described communicating circuit (5118) is connected with the fuel cell generation control unit by communication interface (591/592).
3. described a kind of fuel cell module with hydro-thermal managerial ability according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described aqueous water water trap is comprised of water knockout drum (3502), incubation chamber (3503) and PTC thermistor (3506), water knockout drum (3502) places in the incubation chamber (3503), PTC thermistor (3506) place the interior water knockout drum of incubation chamber (3503) catchment the part the outside, PTC thermistor (3506) is connected with the load line of fuel cell.
4. described a kind of fuel cell module with hydro-thermal managerial ability according to claim 1, the energy controller (720) that it is characterized in that described external packing submodule comprises energy controller digital core (7200), voltage changer (7201), charge switch (7202), heater switch (7203), energy controller voltage acquisition module (7204) and energy controller temperature collect module (7205), voltage changer (7201) is the voltage changer that voltage-dropping type Constant current output circuit consists of, energy controller digital core (7200) is connected with voltage changer (7201), be connected 7205 with energy controller voltage acquisition module (7204) with the energy controller temperature collect module respectively by holding wire) be connected, voltage changer (7201) input links to each other with negative pole (620) with the positive pole (610) of fuel cell module respectively, voltage changer (7201) output is connected with energy-storage units (730) by charge switch (7202), energy controller voltage acquisition module (7204) is connected with energy-storage units (730), and energy-storage units (730) is connected with electric heating unit (740) by heater switch (7203); Described external packing submodule energy-storage units (730) is ultracapacitor, lithium ion battery or Ni-MH battery; The electric heating element of described external packing submodule electric heating unit (740) is heating wire, ribbon heater or electrothermal tube.
5. described a kind of fuel cell module with hydro-thermal managerial ability according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described ventilation air inlet pipeline interface (750) and ventilation air outlet pipeline interface (760) place respectively on a pair of opposed risers of pack case, highly are positioned at apart from 1/5 place, pack case top.
6. the described a kind of management control method with fuel cell module of hydro-thermal managerial ability of claim 1, it is characterized in that described management control method comprises the power management control method, step-down heating management control method, fuel cell pack thermal-insulation control method and aqueous water management control method, described power management control method is: electronic control unit module (510) is according to setting the fuel cell pack polarization curve that dispatches from the factory, attenuation characteristic and online output voltage and the output current that detects fuel cell module, the output state of on-line analysis fuel cell and current maximum fan-out capability; Described step-down heating management control method is: electronic control unit module (510) detects fuel cell module total voltage and coolant temperature by voltage sensor (580) and coolant temperature transducer (570), controlled hypotension heating submodule operating state; Described fuel electricity
Pond heap thermal-insulation control method is: energy controller (720) detects the fuel cell module coolant temperature by coolant temperature transducer (570), the heat tracing of control fuel cell module; Described aqueous water management control method is: electronic control unit module (510) detects fuel cell pack single battery voltage, fuel cell stack operation temperature and fuel cell module output current by inner single battery voltage detecting unit, coolant temperature transducer (570) and current sensor (590), control aqueous water management submodule operating state.
7. described a kind of management control method with fuel cell module of hydro-thermal managerial ability according to claim 6, the method that it is characterized in that the control of described step-down heating submodule comprises the control of resistance (460) on off operating mode and circulating pump (470) on off control: described resistance (460) on off operating mode is controlled to be: digital core (5119) gathers the temperature T of coolant by temperature collection circuit (5111), when temperature T is lower than set point T1, connect resistance (460) by resistance switch drive circuit (5115) control, when temperature T is higher than set point T2, digital core (5119) is judged the output voltage V that total voltage Acquisition Circuit (5114) gathers fuel cell pack, when the fuel cell pack output voltage V surpasses set point V1, then connect resistance (460) by resistance switch drive circuit (5115) control, when fuel cell pack output electricity
Press V low pressure set point V2, then by resistance switch drive circuit (5115) control off resistance (460); Described circulating pump on off control is: digital core (5119) gathers the temperature T of coolant by temperature collection circuit (5111), when temperature T is lower than set point T1, connect circulating pump (470) by switch driving circuit (5115) control, make coolant in the fuel cell module inner loop, be convenient to fuel cell module intensification and insulation, when temperature T is higher than set point T1, disconnect circulating pump (470) by switch driving circuit (5115) control, make the coolant circulation of the fuel cell system of coolant and fuel cell module outside, be convenient to reduce the battery pile temperature.
8. described a kind of management control method with fuel cell module of hydro-thermal managerial ability according to claim 6, the method that it is characterized in that the fuel cell pack preservation and controlling in the described external packing submodule is: energy controller digital core (7200) charges to energy-storage units (730) by the output current of control voltage changer (7201), energy controller digital core (7200) is by the voltage Ven of voltage acquisition module (7204) Real-time Collection energy-storage units, if Ven surpasses set point Venset, then energy controller digital core (7200) is controlled turn off charge switch (7202), stop to charge to energy-storage units (730), energy controller digital core (7200) gathers fuel cell pack coolant temperature Tmod by temperature collect module (7205), when Tmod is lower than set point Tmodset, then heater switch (7203) is connected in the control of the digital core (7200) of energy controller (720), gives the fuel cell module heat tracing by electrical heating elements (740).
9. described a kind of management control method with fuel cell module of hydro-thermal managerial ability according to claim 6, the method that it is characterized in that the control of described aqueous water management submodule is: electronic control unit module (510) digital core (5119) is according to minimum single battery voltage, stack temperature and current integration are by pulse electromagnetic valve-driving circuit (5116) control impuls electromagnetically operated valve (360) switch periods and duty ratio, when fuel cell pack monomer battery voltage Vcellmin is lower than set point Vcellminset, then continuous blow-down is N time, the discharging cycle is Tcell, duty ratio is 50%, when the fuel cell pack monomer battery voltage all is higher than setting Vcellminset, the discharging duty ratio is constant DRnorm, and discharging cycle T dr determines according to coolant temperature and fuel cell pack output current integration.
10. described a kind of management control method with fuel cell module of hydro-thermal managerial ability according to claim 9, it is characterized in that described pulse electromagnetic valve-driving circuit (5116) is electronic drive circuit, its structure is: the signal of electronic control unit module (510) digital core (5119) links to each other with resistance I (51161) one ends, the other end of resistance I (51161) links to each other with the base stage of triode I (51162), one end of resistance II (51163) is connected with the collector electrode of triode I (51162), the other end links to each other with optocoupler (51164) input, the grounded emitter of triode I (51162), optocoupler (51164) output links to each other with collector electrode with triode II (51165) base stage respectively, the grounded emitter of triode II (51165), the circuit that optocoupler (51164) output is connected with triode II (51165) collector electrode is communicated with impulse electromagnetic valve (360), and triode II (51165) collector electrode is by diode (51166) ground connection.
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| CN201010566184XA CN102035002B (en) | 2010-11-30 | 2010-11-30 | Fuel cell module with water and thermal management capability |
| DE112011103046.0T DE112011103046B4 (en) | 2010-11-30 | 2011-09-30 | Fuel cell module with water and thermal management function and management method for the fuel cell module |
| PCT/CN2011/080474 WO2012071942A1 (en) | 2010-11-30 | 2011-09-30 | Fuel cell module with water and thermal management function |
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| CN201010566184XA CN102035002B (en) | 2010-11-30 | 2010-11-30 | Fuel cell module with water and thermal management capability |
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