CN102033024B - Test device for shearing strength of polluted soil body with controllable water content - Google Patents
Test device for shearing strength of polluted soil body with controllable water content Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a test device for shearing strength of a polluted soil body with controllable water content, which belongs to the field of geoenvironmental engineering. The test device consists of an instrument bracket, an upper shear box, a lower shear box, a pressure transmitting plate, a vertical pressurization device, a horizontal pressurization device, a dry and wet air generating device, a liquid inlet funnel and a sensor. The test device can test pollution conditions of different types, different concentrations and different pH values of an undisturbed polluted soil body and a simulation soil body according to the pollution situation of a pollution source, adjusts the water content of the polluted soil body, ensures constant main stress of the polluted soil body in the testing process and can truly reflect the shearing resistance of the polluted soil body; and various sensors can be automatically controlled in the test process, so that data is convenient to record and process.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the test unit that a kind of controlled water percentage pollutes soil shear strength, be mainly used in the experimental study of polluting soil body shearing-resistance characteristic, belong to the environmental geotechnical field under the test different water cut rate condition in the environmental geotechnical.
Background technology
Soil pollution has become one of important environmental problem that needs to be resolved hurrily.Soil Pollution Control and rural environment comprehensive improvement are the fields of giving priority to and preferential theme in the science and technology development planning of national environmental protection Eleventh Five-Year Plan.It is the hot fields of current environmental science.Along with national environmental protection portion puts into effect two parts of files of " contaminated site soil environment management tentative method " and " contaminated site soil remediation technology guide rule " and about strengthening the suggestion of Soil Pollution Control work, contaminated soil reparation problem will receive concern more and more widely.Therefore, the Geotechnical Engineering characteristic research to contaminated soil is the prerequisite of soil remediation.
The recovery technique that place, old refuse landfill, mud yard, mine worked-out section, mine tailing storehouse and farmland pollution soil were left over or abandoned in industry mainly contains burning, stable/as to solidify, excavation-landfill; And to before polluting the soil body and repairing, at first will estimate and analyze the geologic media that pollutes the soil body and the engineering characteristic of the soil body.Water percentage just causes the concern of traditional Geotechnical Engineering circle a long time ago to the influence of soil property intensity, and in the pollution soil recovery project of different regions, the variation of water percentage to the intensity effect that pollutes soil clearly; Factors such as the structure composition of the soil body, density and the shearing strength of the soil body have very big related; Pollute the root system that the soil body usually contains the sandstone of different proportion and in the soil body that has plant to cover, also contains plant; This directly influences the shearing strength of the soil body; And the shearing strength that the controlled water percentage of (different chemical material, variable concentrations and different pH values) pollutes the soil body under the varying environment condition is disposed the long-term safety of engineering direct influence is arranged polluting the soil body, and that method of testing is ground is more deficient.Therefore, through research technique, the pollution soil body (containing sandstone or the root system of plant) shearing strength of the different pollution types of research different water cut rate has great significance for the long-term safety of disposing engineering.
The shearing strength of rock soil mass is by the indoor or outdoors test determination, and shop experiment has direct shear test, three shearings (compression) test, unconfined compression test and some other tests.For a long time, direct shear test is used the most extensive, also is the traditional means that present rock soil mass shear strength parameter is measured.Traditional direct shear test adopts constant vertical load; The rising that reduces to cause normal stress of shear surface in the experimental project; Make test findings produce distortion and error; And the water percentage of the test soil body of traditional direct shear test is uncontrollable, and the shearing strength of the soil body changes under the inconvenience research different water cut rate condition.The mensuration of the shearing strength of polluting the soil body is related to the immersion problem of the contaminating fluid of different chemical material, variable concentrations, different PH; Also do not having ready-made experiment test equipment aspect the research pollution soil shear strength now, and the gap of staight scissors equipment and technological means and theory demand also is that the great technical barrier that native direct shear test is used is polluted in restriction in polluting native recovery project.
Summary of the invention
Problem to above-mentioned existence; The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of controlled water percentage to pollute the test unit of soil shear strength, the shear resistance of the pollution soil body under different water cut rate condition of different chemical material, different dirty concentration and different PH measured.
Its technical solution is:
The test unit that controlled water percentage pollutes soil shear strength by instrument support, go up shear box, down cut box, pressure transmission plate, vertically pressue device, horizontal pressue device, dried soft air generating means, feed liquor funnel and sensor constitute, and are respectively arranged with parallel guide rail and guide groove in the upper surface of instrument support and the instrument support, vertical pressue device is installed on the guide rail through rolling bearing; Last shear box top is provided with pressure plare; Rolling bearing is set in the guide groove, and down cut box card is placed on two parallel top of guide slot, the built-in filtering layer that is placed with down of down cut box; Last shear box is positioned at down cut box top; Vertically pressue device is positioned at the shear box top, and horizontal pressue device is parallel to guide groove and is installed on the sidewall of support, and the bulb of horizontal pressue device is centered close to 1/2nd places of down cut box height; The axis of horizontal pressue device is through the central point of down cut box sidewall; Bearing is fixedly mounted on the sidewall with the horizontal pressue device of installation instrument support in opposite directions, and horizontal pressure force and horizontal shift measurement mechanism are fixedly mounted on the bearing, and the axis of horizontal pressure force and horizontal shift measurement mechanism is vertical with bearing; And be positioned at 1/2nd places of shear box height; Have air intake opening in down cut box bottom, air intake opening is connected with dried soft air generating means through admission line, is provided with the air velocity solenoid electric valve at admission line; Filtering layer, solution immersed device and pressure transmission plate on storing had from the bottom to top successively in last shear box; It is a hollow body that solution immerses device, on its base plate, has equally distributed through hole, immerses the device top at solution and is provided with inlet; Input duct connects the pressure transmission plate and is connected with inlet, and input duct is equipped with the flow rate of liquid solenoid electric valve.
Described ring set is between last shear box and down cut box.
Described horizontal pressue device is provided with first horizontal displacement sensors and the first horizontal pressure force sensor.
Described horizontal pressure force and horizontal shift measurement mechanism are provided with second horizontal displacement sensors and the second horizontal pressure force sensor.
Described below of going up filtering layer is provided with first moisture sensor, and the top of following filtering layer is provided with second moisture sensor.
Be provided with air humidity sensor in the described dried soft air generating means.
Described gravity sensor is installed in the below of guide groove.
Be provided with the vertical pressure sensor in the described vertical pressue device.
Owing to adopted above technical scheme; The solution immersion device that controlled water percentage of the present invention pollutes the test unit employing of soil shear strength can pollute the immersion that the soil body to be measured carry out different chemical material, variable concentrations and different PH solution according to testing requirements; Dried soft air generating means can produce the air of different humidity; Regulate the water percentage that pollutes the soil body according to the requirement of test, the speed of the dried soft air of air velocity Electromagnetic Control valve regulation is in order to avoid influence the destruction of polluting soil structures, and the displacement of the pollution soil body of measuring according to first horizontal displacement sensors and second horizontal displacement sensors can calculate the shear area of the pollution soil body; Computing machine passes to vertical pressue device with shear area information; Vertically pressue device changes vertical loading force according to the variation of shear area, thereby the principle stress that guarantees the pollution soil body is identical, owing to adopted various sensors; Realized the robotization of process of the test control; Make things convenient for the record and the processing of data, the whole test device can be according to the pollution condition of pollution source, and the test original state is polluted the pollution situation of different chemical material, variable concentrations and the different PH of the soil body and simulated soil body; Can control the water percentage that pollutes the soil body and measure the shearing strength of polluting the soil body, test findings can reflect the shearing-resistance characteristic that pollutes the soil body more really.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of test unit of the present invention
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the present invention is explained in further detail: see accompanying drawing
The test unit that a kind of controlled water percentage pollutes soil shear strength by instrument support 18, go up shear box 1, down cut box 9, pressure transmission plate 2, vertically pressue device 4, horizontal pressue device 11, dried soft air generating means 13, feed liquor funnel 29 and sensor constitute, and are respectively arranged with parallel guide rail 23 and guide groove 22 in the upper surface of instrument support 18 and the instrument support 18, vertical pressue device 4 is installed on the guide rail 23 through rolling bearing 21; Vertically be provided with vertical pressure sensor 5 in the pressue device 4, vertically pressue device 4 is provided with clamping screw 24, is used for vertical pressue device 4 is fixed on guide rail 23; Horizontal pressue device 11 is provided with first horizontal displacement sensors 31 and the first horizontal pressure force sensor 32; Last shear box 1 top is provided with pressure plare 2, and rolling bearing 21 is set in the guide groove 22, and down cut box 9 cards are placed on two parallel guide groove 22 tops; Gravity sensor 17 is installed in the below of guide groove 22; Gravity sensor 17 is used for the weight of the experiment with measuring soil body, the down cut box 9 built-in filtering layers 33 that are placed with down, and the top of following filtering layer 33 is provided with second moisture sensor 34; Last shear box 1 is positioned at down cut box 9 tops; Vertically pressue device 4 is positioned at shear box 1 top, and O-ring seal 28 is sleeved between shear box 1 and the down cut box 9, and shear box 1 and down cut box 9 were gone up in sealing when O-ring seal 28 was used for immersion of soil body solution and water percentage adjusting; Horizontal pressue device 11 is parallel to guide groove 22 and is installed on the sidewall of support; The bulb of horizontal pressue device 11 is centered close to 1/2nd places of down cut box 9 height, and the axis of horizontal pressue device 11 is through the central point of down cut box 9 sidewalls, and bearing 25 is fixedly mounted on the sidewall with the horizontal pressue device of installation instrument support 18 in opposite directions; Horizontal pressure force and horizontal shift measurement mechanism 19 are fixedly mounted on the bearing 25; Horizontal pressure force and horizontal shift measurement mechanism 19 are provided with second horizontal displacement sensors 10 and the second horizontal pressure force sensor 20, and the axis of horizontal pressure force and horizontal shift measurement mechanism 19 is vertical with bearing 25, and are positioned at 1/2nd places of shear box 1 height; Have air intake opening 26 in down cut box 9 bottoms; Air intake opening 26 is connected with dried soft air generating means 13 through admission line 16, is provided with air humidity sensor 14 in the dried soft air generating means 13, is provided with air velocity solenoid electric valve 15 at admission line 16; Filtering layer 8, solution immersed device 30 and pressure transmission plate 2 on storing had from the bottom to top successively in last shear box 1; The below of last filtering layer 8 is provided with first moisture sensor 3, and it is a hollow body that solution immerses device 30, on its base plate, has equally distributed through hole; Immerse device 30 tops at solution and be provided with inlet 27; Input duct 6 connects the pressure transmission plate and is connected with inlet 27, and input duct 6 is equipped with flow rate of liquid solenoid electric valve 7, and the liquid that is immersed is the foul solution that the pollution shape situation of the tested pollution soil body is disposed.
The principle of work of test unit of the present invention:
During test; With air velocity solenoid electric valve 15 and flow rate of liquid solenoid electric valve 7, weight sensor 17, first moisture sensor 3, second moisture sensor 34, air humidity sensor 14, first horizontal displacement sensors 31, the first horizontal pressure force sensor 32, second horizontal displacement sensors 10, the second horizontal pressure force sensor 20 and vertical pressure sensor 5 external computing machines 12, will descend filtering layer 33 to place in the down cut box 9, second moisture sensor 34 is seated in down filtering layer 33 tops; To go up shear box 1 places on the down cut box 9; To test the soil body then and place in the shear box, the putting first moisture sensor 3, go up filtering layer 8 of order, solution immerses device 30 and pressure transmission plate 2, and input duct 6 is connected with feed liquor funnel 29 with solution immersion device 30, flow rate of liquid solenoid electric valve 7; Admission line 16 is connected with down cut box 9 with dried soft air generating means 13, air velocity solenoid electric valve 15; To go up shear box 1 and 28 sealings of down cut box 9 usefulness O-ring seals, vertically pressue device 4, horizontal pressue device 11 and horizontal pressure force and horizontal shift measurement mechanism 19 guarantee not contact with last shear box 1, down cut box 9 and pressure transmission plate 2, dispose foul solution according to the pollution shape situation of the pollution soil body; Pour the foul solution that configures into feed liquor funnel 29; Regulate the flow velocity of flow rate of liquid operation valve 7, solution flows into solution immersion device 30 through input duct 6 and passes 8 pairs of tests of filtering layer soil body and pollute, after pollution is accomplished; Pull out input duct 6 and immerse being connected of device 30 with solution; Start the weight of the weight sensor 17 experiment with measuring soil bodys, through the water percentage of first moisture sensor 3 and second moisture sensor, the 34 experiment with measuring soil bodys, and weight and the water percentage information that will test the soil body are passed to computing machine 12 through data line; Set the test water percentage of the test soil body at computing machine 12 according to the experiment needs; Start dried soft air generating means 13, regulate the speed of air velocity solenoid electric valve 15, so as not to the test soil body destruction and influence its shearing strength; Behind the water percentage that arrives the test setting; Stop the work of dried soft air generating means 13, pull out being connected of admission line 16 and down cut box 9, pull down O-ring seal 28.
After said process is accomplished; The bulb of vertical pressue device 4 is adjusted to the center of increased pressure board 2 on guide rail 23; The bulb of horizontal pressue device 11 and horizontal pressure force and horizontal shift measurement mechanism 19 respectively with pressure transmission plate 2 centers, and be fixed on the guide rail 23 with clamping screw 24; Adjust the center and the contact of bulb to down cut box 9 sidewalls of horizontal pressue device 11; The supreme shear box of the bulb 1 sidewall center of adjustment horizontal pressure force and horizontal shift measurement mechanism 19 and contact; Configure the principle stress and the correlation parameter of test on the computing machine 12; Standard according to shear test is carried out the loading of vertical pressure and horizontal pressure force to the test soil body; The displacement meter of the pollution soil body of measuring according to first horizontal displacement sensors 3 and second horizontal displacement sensors 34 is calculated the shear area of polluting the soil body, and computing machine 12 passes to vertical pressue device 4 with shear area information, and vertically pressue device 4 changes vertical loading force according to the variation of shear area; Thereby the principle stress that guarantees the pollution soil body is identical; Computing machine 12 gathers in good time and the data of record weight sensor 17, first moisture sensor 3, second moisture sensor 34, first horizontal displacement sensors 31, the first horizontal pressure force sensor 32, second horizontal displacement sensors 10, the second horizontal pressure force sensor 20 and vertical pressure sensor 5, handles according to data, obtains test findings.
Claims (8)
1. a controlled water percentage pollutes the test unit of soil shear strength; It is characterized in that: test unit is made up of instrument support (18), last shear box (1), down cut box (9), pressure transmission plate (2), vertical pressue device (4), horizontal pressue device (11), dried soft air generating means (13), feed liquor funnel (29) and sensor; Be respectively arranged with parallel guide rail (23) and guide groove (22) in the upper surface of instrument support (18) and the instrument support (18); Vertically pressue device (4) is installed on the guide rail (23) through rolling bearing (21), and last shear box (1) top is provided with pressure transmission plate (2), and rolling bearing (21) is set in the guide groove (22); Down cut box (9) card is placed on two parallel guide grooves (22) top; The built-in filtering layer (33) that is placed with down of down cut box (9), last shear box (1) are positioned at down cut box (9) top, and vertically pressue device (4) is positioned at shear box (1) top; Horizontal pressue device (11) is parallel to guide groove (22) and is installed on the sidewall of support; The bulb of horizontal pressue device (11) is centered close to 1/2nd places of down cut box (9) height, and the axis of horizontal pressue device (11) is through the central point of down cut box (9) sidewall, and bearing (25) is fixedly mounted on the sidewall with the horizontal pressue device of installation instrument support (18) in opposite directions; Horizontal pressure force and horizontal shift measurement mechanism (19) are fixedly mounted on the bearing (25); The axis of horizontal pressure force and horizontal shift measurement mechanism (19) is vertical with bearing (25), and is positioned at 1/2nd places of shear box (1) height, has air intake opening (26) in down cut box (9) bottom; Air intake opening (26) is connected with dried soft air generating means (13) through admission line (16); Be provided with air velocity solenoid electric valve (15) at admission line (16), in last shear box (1), putting from the bottom to top successively has last filtering layer (8), solution to immerse device (30) and pressure transmission plate (2), and it is a hollow body that solution immerses device (30); On its base plate, have equally distributed through hole; Immerse device (30) top at solution and be provided with inlet (27), input duct (6) connects the pressure transmission plate and is connected with inlet (27), and input duct (6) is equipped with flow rate of liquid solenoid electric valve (7).
2. a kind of controlled water percentage as claimed in claim 1 pollutes the test unit of soil shear strength, it is characterized in that: described going up between shear box (1) and the down cut box (9) is set with O-ring seal (28).
3. a kind of controlled water percentage as claimed in claim 1 pollutes the test unit of soil shear strength, and it is characterized in that: described horizontal pressue device (11) is provided with first horizontal displacement sensors (31) and the first horizontal pressure force sensor (32).
4. a kind of controlled water percentage as claimed in claim 1 pollutes the test unit of soil shear strength, and it is characterized in that: described horizontal pressure force and horizontal shift measurement mechanism (19) are provided with second horizontal displacement sensors (10) and the second horizontal pressure force sensor (20).
5. a kind of controlled water percentage as claimed in claim 1 pollutes the test unit of soil shear strength; It is characterized in that: described below of going up filtering layer (8) is provided with first moisture sensor (3), and the top of following filtering layer (33) is provided with second moisture sensor (34).
6. a kind of controlled water percentage as claimed in claim 1 pollutes the test unit of soil shear strength, it is characterized in that: be provided with air humidity sensor (14) in the described dried soft air generating means (13).
7. a kind of controlled water percentage as claimed in claim 1 pollutes the test unit of soil shear strength, and it is characterized in that: described gravity sensor (17) is installed in the below of guide groove (22).
8. a kind of controlled water percentage as claimed in claim 1 pollutes the test unit of soil shear strength, it is characterized in that: be provided with vertical pressure sensor (5) in the described vertical pressue device (4).
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| CN2010105322959A CN102033024B (en) | 2010-11-02 | 2010-11-02 | Test device for shearing strength of polluted soil body with controllable water content |
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| CN2010105322959A CN102033024B (en) | 2010-11-02 | 2010-11-02 | Test device for shearing strength of polluted soil body with controllable water content |
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| CN102033024B true CN102033024B (en) | 2012-11-07 |
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