CN102032728B - Device for automatically adjusting flux of refrigeration working medium - Google Patents

Device for automatically adjusting flux of refrigeration working medium Download PDF

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Publication number
CN102032728B
CN102032728B CN2010105804453A CN201010580445A CN102032728B CN 102032728 B CN102032728 B CN 102032728B CN 2010105804453 A CN2010105804453 A CN 2010105804453A CN 201010580445 A CN201010580445 A CN 201010580445A CN 102032728 B CN102032728 B CN 102032728B
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valve
expansion valve
low pressure
outlet
pressure cavity
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CN102032728A (en
Inventor
陈九法
安二铭
乔卫来
朱晟
徐相梅
陈军伟
高龙
庞丽颖
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Southeast University
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Southeast University
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Abstract

The invention discloses a device for automatically adjusting the flux of a refrigeration working medium, which is characterized by comprising a compressor, a condenser, a dry filter, an electromagnetic valve, a floating ball expansion valve, a ball valve, a reservoir, an evaporator and a gas-liquid separator, wherein the outlet of the compressor is connected with the inlet of the condenser; the outlet of the condenser is connected with the inlet of the floating ball expansion valve through the dry filter and the electromagnetic valve; the outlet of the floating ball expansion valve is connected with the inlet of the evaporator; the outlet of the evaporator is connected with the inlet of the gas-liquid separator; the outlet of the gas-liquid separator is connected with the inlet of the compressor; a top air outlet of the floating ball expansion valve is connected with the inlet of the dry filter; and the bottom of the floating ball expansion valve is connected with the reservoir through the ball valve. Due to the improvement on the heat transfer property of the condenser and the evaporator, the refrigeration and heating load of a system can be improved, and the coefficient of performance of the system can be improved by over 15 percent.

Description

A kind of device of automatic adjusting refrigeration working medium flow
Technical field
The invention belongs to refrigeration technology field, be specifically related to a kind of device of automatic adjusting refrigeration working medium flow.
Background technology
Kind of refrigeration cycle is widely used in refrigeration, air-conditioning, the heat pump, realize to object or space refrigeration, heat.The technology of most critical is exactly the control to refrigerant flow in the refrigeration system.The control technology possibility that does not also have at present maturation extensively adopts to mainly contain the device of controlling automatically as flow of refrigerant based on capillary, heating power expansion valve, electric expansion valve, and all there is critical limitations in these control device, have limited the development of Refrigeration Technique.Though the capillary low price belongs to the constant flow control device, under the situation that operational factor changes, the operational efficiency of system is had a greatly reduced quality even can not safe operation.Heating power expansion valve has very limited load variations scope, and can only be to specifying pure working medium.For mixed working fluid, non-azeotropic mixed working medium particularly, heating power expansion valve is powerless.Though electric expansion valve on principle, can provide expansion process to non-azeotropic working medium, equipment, manufacturing are very complicated, and this technology also is in development, and the general expansion technique that is applicable to various mixed working fluids can not be provided.
Summary of the invention
Goal of the invention: the objective of the invention is to the deficiency to prior art, a kind of device that is applicable to the automatic adjusting refrigeration working medium flow of various kind of refrigeration cycle is provided, realize distributing to the automatic control of various refrigeration working medium flows with to the optimization of cold-producing medium.
Technical scheme: the device of a kind of automatic adjusting refrigeration working medium flow of the present invention; Comprise compressor, condenser, device for drying and filtering, magnetic valve, ball float expansion valve, ball valve, reservoir, evaporimeter and gas-liquid separator; The outlet of said compressor is connected with the import of said condenser; The outlet of said condenser is connected with the import of said ball float expansion valve with magnetic valve through said device for drying and filtering; The outlet of said ball float expansion valve is connected with said evaporator, and the outlet of said evaporimeter is connected with said gas-liquid separator import, and the outlet of said gas-liquid separator is connected with the import of said compressor; The top vent of said ball float expansion valve is connected with the import of said device for drying and filtering; The bottom of said ball float expansion valve is connected with said reservoir through said ball valve; Be condensed into liquid state after the HTHP refrigeration working medium that comes out from said compressor gets into said condenser, liquid refrigerant is through the said ball float expansion valve of entering behind said device for drying and filtering and the magnetic valve; The bottom of said ball float expansion valve is connected through the reservoir of said ball valve with storaging liquid working medium; After the liquid refrigerant that comes out from the liquid outlet of said ball float expansion valve gets into said evaporator evaporation; Refrigeration working medium is injected into said gas-liquid separator; The refrigeration working medium that part is not evaporated fully is separated, and gaseous working medium is got back to the admission gear of said compressor through air inlet pipe;
Said ball float expansion valve comprises high-pressure chamber, low pressure cavity and is fixed on the spool one on the valve rod, the double spool structure that spool two is formed by float with connecting successively;
Said high-pressure chamber is provided with three perforates, is respectively the import of ball float expansion valve, the ball float expansion valve outlet that is used for the low-pressure fluid outflow that is used for high-pressure fluid and flows into and is used for the exhaust outlet that high-pressure chamber top gases at high pressure are discharged;
Said low pressure cavity is fixed on said high-pressure chamber inner bottom part through bearing; Said low pressure cavity is provided with three perforates, is respectively the low pressure cavity perforate one that is used for low-pressure fluid and flows out, low pressure cavity perforate two and the low pressure cavity perforate three that is used to install orifice plate two and orifice plate one; Said low pressure cavity perforate one is corresponding with said ball float expansion valve outlet, connects through pipeline; Said low pressure cavity perforate two and low pressure cavity perforate three are separately positioned on the corresponding position, top and bottom of said low pressure cavity;
In the said double spool structure; The upper end of said float be inserted in loop bar that the high-pressure chamber inner top is fixedly connected in; The lower end of said float is fixedly connected with the upper end of valve rod, and said valve rod passes the low pressure cavity perforate two and low pressure cavity perforate three on the said low pressure cavity, and the spool one that is fixed on the said valve rod is corresponding with orifice plate two with said orifice plate one respectively with spool two; Constitute two valves, the open degree of the rise and fall by-pass valve control through said float.
When said device was used for single function refrigeration unit, said condenser was outer machine, and said evaporimeter is interior machine.
When said device was used for single function heating machine set, said condenser was interior machine, and said evaporimeter is outer machine.
When said device was used for the unit of convertible refrigeration, heating mode, said condenser was outer machine or interior machine, machine or outer machine in said evaporimeter corresponds to; Connect through a cross valve between said compressor, said interior machine, said outer machine and the said gas-liquid separator; Said outer machine, said interior machine are connected with said device for drying and filtering through a check valve respectively; The outlet of said ball float expansion valve is connected with said outer machine with said interior machine through a check valve respectively.
The setting that the high-pressure chamber of said for ease ball float expansion valve is inner, said high-pressure chamber is made up of two parts up and down, connects through flange between two parts.
What expansion valve of the present invention adopted is the double spool structure, makes the high-low pressure fluid act on two active forces on the spool and cancels out each other, and so the open and close of valve are directly relevant with the liquid level in the high-pressure chamber; In the time of in high-pressure fluid does not get into high-pressure chamber, spool drops on the orifice plate, and just valve is closed; High-pressure fluid flows in the high-pressure chamber from the import of ball float expansion valve, when reaching certain liquid level in the high-pressure chamber,, float rises because receiving the buoyancy meeting, thus the rising of drive spool, thereby with valve opening.High-pressure fluid in the high-pressure chamber gets in the low-pressure cavity from orifice plate one and orifice plate two, through becoming low-pressure fluid after the throttling, flows out whole throttling arrangement from low pressure cavity perforate one, the outlet of ball float expansion valve.
The present invention compared with prior art; Its beneficial effect is: 1, the present invention adopts the combined mechanism of ball float expansion valve and reservoir, gas-liquid separator; Optimize circular flow and the distribution of regulating refrigeration working medium; This device is used and is helped the control of simplification system, reduction equipment cost, raising systematic function coefficient and load, is applicable to various types of refrigeration working mediums, particularly mixed working fluid; 2, the ball float expansion valve of the present invention's employing has been eliminated the percussion of differential pressure action power; The aperture of expansion valve only receives the ball float buoyancy function; This expansion valve is the liquid working substance of condensation in the eductor condenser in time; Guarantee that condenser is always the condensation refrigeration working medium maximum heat transfer area is provided, help to reduce condensing pressure and condensation temperature, improve the COP of system; And the expansion valve of common ball float control can make the valve body concussion out of control because of differential pressure action power, causes the pulsed concussion of cold-producing medium in evaporimeter to flow, and reduces the heat-transfer capability of evaporimeter, the reliability of reduction system; 3, apparatus of the present invention are adapted to all working medium, no matter are pure working medium, or mixed working fluid; For mixed working fluid, no matter how concentration of component changes, and this is that device can both be realized safe and reliable working medium FLOW CONTROL; 4, apparatus of the present invention are through supporting cross valve and corresponding unidirectional valve control system; Can realize refrigeration, heating mode conversion to the mixed working fluid heat pump; Complexity, the potential safety hazard of the different control aspects of being brought of conventional mixed working fluid system components concentration have been eliminated; Can mixed working fluid equally be used as pure working medium, this is very easy to the research and development and the application of mixed working fluid; 5, apparatus of the present invention are through being provided with reservoir; Match with the liquid storage function of gas-liquid separator; Except the memory function that unnecessary working medium is provided, can also realize the optimization of mixed working fluid concentration is regulated, through the difference that is stored the working medium composition is chosen; Can change the concentration of cycle fluid, thus the effect of the control of the parameter of the system of realization, raising energy saving effect; 6, apparatus of the present invention have been avoided the concussion that working medium flows in the evaporimeter, provide evaporimeter mild stable working medium flowing environment, have guaranteed efficient, the steady evaporation process of refrigeration working medium in evaporimeter; Cooperate the use of gas-liquid separator, whole heat-transfer areas of evaporimeter all are under the effect of gas-liquid two-phase moist steam, have improved heat transfer coefficient, the heat output of evaporimeter; 7, the present invention since improve condenser heat transfer property, improve the heat transfer property of evaporimeter, not only can improve system refrigeration, heat load, can also improve the systematic function coefficient more than 15%.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the embodiment of the invention 1 and embodiment 2.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the embodiment of the invention 3.
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of the embodiment of the invention 4.
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of ball float expansion valve in apparatus of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a ball float expansion valve operation principle key diagram in apparatus of the present invention.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, through most preferred embodiment, technical scheme of the present invention is elaborated, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to said embodiment.
Embodiment 1:
As shown in Figure 1, when apparatus of the present invention are used for the unit of convertible refrigeration, heating mode, when unit is refrigeration mode; Outer machine 24 is a condenser; Interior machine 25 is an evaporimeter, and the HTHP refrigeration working medium that comes out from compressor 21 gets into cross valve 23, gets into from terminal d and flows out from terminal a; Get into outer machine 24, be condensed into liquid state.Liquid refrigerant via device for drying and filtering 27 and magnetic valve 28, gets into ball float expansion valve 26 under the guiding of check valve 29, can open ball valve 213 as required, storing liquid working medium in reservoir 214; Under one situation; To directly inject the working chamber of ball float expansion valve 26 from the next liquid refrigerant of outer machine 24 streams; Because the particular design of this valve, valve body only receives the ball float buoyancy function, does not receive the influence of expansion valve differential pressure action power; The action of valve body can be expanded working medium and transfers out expansion valve 26 gently freely according to outer machine 24 condensing rates; Under the inducing of check valve 210, refrigeration working medium flows into interior machine 25 and carries out evaporation process at interior machine 25; Behind the machine 25, refrigeration working medium injects gas-liquid separator 22 through c, the b terminal of cross valve 23 in leaving, and here, the cold-producing medium that part is not evaporated fully is separated, accumulates in the bottom of gas-liquid separator 22; Air inlet pipe obtains gaseous working medium from gas-liquid separator 22, and carries the admission gear that some rich oil liquid are got back to compressor 21 secretly through its band oilhole.
Said ball float expansion valve, as shown in Figure 4, comprise high-pressure chamber 1, low pressure cavity 2 and be fixed on the spool 1 on the valve rod 6, the double spool structure that spool 25 is formed with connecting successively by float 9;
Said high-pressure chamber 1 is made up of two parts up and down, connects through flange between two parts; Said high-pressure chamber 1 is provided with three perforates, is respectively ball float expansion valve import 11, the ball float expansion valve outlet 12 that is used for the low-pressure fluid outflow that is used for high-pressure fluid and flows into and is used for the exhaust outlet 13 that high-pressure chamber top gases at high pressure are discharged;
Said low pressure cavity 2 is fixed on said high-pressure chamber 1 inner bottom part through bearing 3; Said low pressure cavity 2 is provided with three perforates, is respectively the low pressure cavity perforate 1 that is used for low-pressure fluid and flows out, low pressure cavity perforate 2 15 and the low pressure cavity perforate 3 16 that is used to install orifice plate 28 and orifice plate 1; It is 12 corresponding that said low pressure cavity perforate 1 and said ball float expansion valve export, and connects through pipeline; Said low pressure cavity perforate 2 15 and low pressure cavity perforate 3 16 are separately positioned on the corresponding position, top and bottom of said low pressure cavity 2;
In the said double spool structure; The upper end of said float 9 be inserted in loop bar 10 that high-pressure chamber 1 inner top is fixedly connected in; The lower end of said float 9 is fixedly connected with the upper end of valve rod 6, and said valve rod 6 passes the low pressure cavity perforate 2 15 and low pressure cavity perforate 3 16 on the said low pressure cavity 2, and the spool 1 that is fixed on the said valve rod 6 is corresponding with orifice plate 28 with said orifice plate 1 respectively with spool 25; Constitute two valves, the open degree of the rise and fall by-pass valve control through said float 9.
Concrete operation principle is: in the time of in high-pressure fluid does not get into high-pressure chamber, spool drops on the orifice plate, and just valve is closed; High-pressure fluid flows in the high-pressure chamber from the import of ball float expansion valve, when reaching certain liquid level in the high-pressure chamber,, float rises because receiving the buoyancy meeting, thus the rising of drive spool, thereby with valve opening; High-pressure fluid in the high-pressure chamber gets in the low-pressure cavity from orifice plate one and orifice plate two, through becoming low-pressure fluid after the throttling, flows out whole throttling arrangement from low pressure cavity perforate one, the outlet of ball float expansion valve.What the present invention adopted is the double spool structure, makes the high-low pressure fluid act on the active force that connects on the spool and cancels out each other.So the open and close of valve are directly relevant with the liquid level in the high-pressure chamber; Operation principle is as shown in Figure 5; Spool 1 receives the interior high-pressure fluid of high-pressure chamber to its directed force F g1 that makes progress; The low-pressure fluid of low pressure cavity is to its downward directed force F d1, and spool 25 receives the interior high-pressure fluid of high-pressure chamber to its downward directed force F g2, and the low-pressure fluid of low pressure cavity is to its directed force F d2 that makes progress.Pressure equals pressure and multiply by active area.Be easy to just find out by Fig. 2: Fg1=Fg2, Fd1=Fd2 thus, acts on spool one and cancels out each other with the power on the spool two.This part device that comprises spool 1, spool 25, valve rod 6, float 9 only receives the active force that high-pressure fluid that overall downward gravity, the buoyancy that makes progress, valve rod 6 receive makes progress.Because spool 1, spool 25 volumes are quite little, the density of float 9 is little, and therefore so the open and close of valve are directly relevant with buoyancy, and is just relevant with the liquid level in the high-pressure chamber.
Embodiment 2:
As shown in Figure 1, when apparatus of the present invention are used for the unit of convertible refrigeration, heating mode, when unit is heating mode; Outer machine 24 is an evaporimeter; Interior machine 25 is a condenser, and the HTHP refrigeration working medium that comes out from compressor 21 gets into cross valve 23, gets into from terminal d and flows out from terminal c; Machine 25 in getting into is condensed into liquid state.Liquid refrigerant via device for drying and filtering 27 and magnetic valve 28, gets into ball float expansion valve 26 under the guiding of check valve 211, can open ball valve 213 as required, storing liquid working medium in reservoir 214; Under one situation; To directly inject the working chamber of ball float expansion valve 26 from the next liquid refrigerant of interior machine 25 streams; Because the particular design of this valve, valve body only receives the ball float buoyancy function, does not receive the influence of expansion valve differential pressure action power; The action of valve body can be expanded working medium and transfers out expansion valve 26 gently freely according to interior machine 25 condensing rates; Under the inducing of check valve 212, refrigeration working medium flows into outer machine 24, also carries out evaporation process in the machine 24 outside; After leaving outer machine 24, refrigeration working medium injects gas-liquid separator 22 through a, the b terminal of cross valve 23, and here, the cold-producing medium that part is not evaporated fully is separated, accumulates in the bottom of gas-liquid separator 22; Air inlet pipe obtains gaseous working medium from gas-liquid separator 22, and carries the admission gear that some rich oil liquid are got back to compressor 21 secretly through its band oilhole.
The structure of said ball float expansion valve is with embodiment 1.
Embodiment 3:
As shown in Figure 2, when apparatus of the present invention were used for single function refrigeration unit, outer machine 24 was a condenser, and interior machine 25 is an evaporimeter, and machine 24 outside the HTHP refrigeration working medium that comes out from compressor 21 gets into is condensed into liquid refrigerant.Liquid refrigerant gets into ball float expansion valve 26 via device for drying and filtering 27 and magnetic valve 28, can open ball valve 213 as required, storing liquid working medium in reservoir 214; Under one situation; To directly inject the working chamber of ball float expansion valve 26 from the next liquid refrigerant of outer machine 24 streams; Because the particular design of this valve, valve body only receives the ball float buoyancy function, does not receive the influence of expansion valve differential pressure action power; The action of valve body can be expanded working medium and transfers out expansion valve 26 gently freely according to outer machine condensing rate; Refrigeration working medium after the expansion flows into interior machine 25, refrigerating capacity is provided and accomplishes evaporation process; Behind the machine 25, refrigeration working medium flows into gas-liquid separator 22 in leaving, and here, the cold-producing medium that part is not evaporated fully is separated, accumulates in the bottom of gas-liquid separator 22; Air inlet pipe obtains gaseous working medium from gas-liquid separator 22, and carries the admission gear that some rich oil liquid are got back to compressor 21 secretly through its band oilhole.
The structure of said ball float expansion valve is with embodiment 1.
Embodiment 4:
As shown in Figure 3, when apparatus of the present invention were used for single function heating machine set, outer machine 24 was an evaporimeter, and interior machine 25 is a condenser, and machine 25 in the HTHP refrigeration working medium that comes out from compressor 21 gets into is condensed into liquid state and provides and heats load.Liquid refrigerant gets into ball float expansion valve 26 via device for drying and filtering 27 and magnetic valve 28, can open ball valve 213 as required, storing liquid working medium in reservoir 214; Under one situation; To directly inject the working chamber of ball float expansion valve 26 from the next liquid refrigerant of interior machine stream; Because the particular design of this valve, valve body only receives the ball float buoyancy function, does not receive the influence of expansion valve differential pressure action power; The action of valve body can be expanded working medium and transfers out expansion valve 26 gently freely according to interior machine condensing rate; Refrigeration working medium after the expansion flows into outer machine 24, absorption heats and accomplish evaporation process in the machine 24 outside; After leaving outer machine 24, refrigeration working medium flows into gas-liquid separator 22, and here, the cold-producing medium that part is not evaporated fully is separated, accumulates in the bottom of gas-liquid separator 22; Air inlet pipe obtains gaseous working medium from gas-liquid separator 22, and carries the admission gear that some rich oil liquid are got back to compressor 21 secretly through its band oilhole.
The structure of said ball float expansion valve is with embodiment 1.
As stated, although represented and explained the present invention that with reference to specific preferred embodiment it shall not be construed as the restriction to the present invention self.Under the spirit and scope of the present invention prerequisite that does not break away from the accompanying claims definition, can make various variations in form with on the details to it.

Claims (5)

1. device of automatically regulating the refrigeration working medium flow; It is characterized in that: comprise compressor, condenser, device for drying and filtering, magnetic valve, ball float expansion valve, ball valve, reservoir, evaporimeter and gas-liquid separator; The outlet of said compressor is connected with the import of said condenser; The outlet of said condenser is connected with the import of said ball float expansion valve with magnetic valve through said device for drying and filtering; The outlet of said ball float expansion valve is connected with said evaporator, and the outlet of said evaporimeter is connected with said gas-liquid separator import, and the outlet of said gas-liquid separator is connected with the import of said compressor; The top vent of said ball float expansion valve is connected with the import of said device for drying and filtering; The bottom of said ball float expansion valve is connected with said reservoir through said ball valve;
Said ball float expansion valve comprises high-pressure chamber, low pressure cavity and is fixed on the spool one on the valve rod, the double spool structure that spool two is formed by float with connecting successively;
Said high-pressure chamber is provided with three perforates, is respectively the import of ball float expansion valve, the ball float expansion valve outlet that is used for the low-pressure fluid outflow that is used for high-pressure fluid and flows into and is used for the exhaust outlet that high-pressure chamber top gases at high pressure are discharged;
Said low pressure cavity is fixed on said high-pressure chamber inner bottom part through bearing; Said low pressure cavity is provided with three perforates, is respectively the low pressure cavity perforate one that is used for low-pressure fluid and flows out, the low pressure cavity perforate three that is used to that the low pressure cavity perforate two of orifice plate two is installed and is used to install orifice plate one; Said low pressure cavity perforate one is corresponding with said ball float expansion valve outlet, connects through pipeline; Said low pressure cavity perforate two and low pressure cavity perforate three are separately positioned on the corresponding position, top and bottom of said low pressure cavity;
In the said double spool structure; The upper end of said float be inserted in loop bar that the high-pressure chamber inner top is fixedly connected in; The lower end of said float is fixedly connected with the upper end of valve rod, and said valve rod passes the low pressure cavity perforate two and low pressure cavity perforate three on the said low pressure cavity, and the spool one that is fixed on the said valve rod is corresponding with orifice plate two with said orifice plate one respectively with spool two; Constitute two valves, the open degree of the rise and fall by-pass valve control through said float.
2. the device of automatic adjusting refrigeration working medium flow according to claim 1 is characterized in that: when said device was used for refrigeration unit, said condenser was outer machine, and said evaporimeter is interior machine.
3. the device of automatic adjusting refrigeration working medium flow according to claim 1 is characterized in that: when said device was used for heating machine set, said condenser was interior machine, and said evaporimeter is outer machine.
4. the device of automatic adjusting refrigeration working medium flow according to claim 1 is characterized in that: when said device was used for the unit of convertible refrigeration, heating mode, said condenser was outer machine or interior machine, machine or outer machine in said evaporimeter corresponds to; Connect through a cross valve between said compressor, said interior machine, said outer machine and the said gas-liquid separator; Said outer machine, said interior machine are connected with said device for drying and filtering through a check valve respectively; The outlet of said ball float expansion valve is connected with said outer machine with said interior machine through a check valve respectively.
5. according to the device of the described automatic adjusting refrigeration working medium flow of arbitrary claim in the claim 1~4, it is characterized in that: said high-pressure chamber is made up of two parts up and down, connects through flange between two parts.
CN2010105804453A 2010-12-09 2010-12-09 Device for automatically adjusting flux of refrigeration working medium Expired - Fee Related CN102032728B (en)

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CN104879952B (en) * 2015-05-20 2017-04-19 清华大学 Rectifying tower type variable concentration non-azeotropic working medium hot pump system and running method
CN106969188A (en) * 2017-05-18 2017-07-21 南通旭阳机械制造有限公司 A kind of stop valve for automatically adjusting aperture
CN107939581A (en) * 2017-11-29 2018-04-20 四川省内江蜀源水轮机有限公司 A kind of hydraulic generator of automatic adjustment and refrigeration combined unit
CN110701806B (en) * 2019-10-24 2024-04-30 天津商业大学 Double-flow-path micro-channel evaporator refrigerating system with liquid level control and bypass air duct
CN112216903A (en) * 2020-11-05 2021-01-12 上海马勒热系统有限公司 Universal battery cooler structure adopting electronic expansion valve

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