Background technology
Starch have recyclability, pollution-free, cost is low, biodegradable, starch is used for the bonding of fluting board etc. and has had certain history, and has realized industrialized production.There are shortcomings such as rate of drying is slow, bonding strength is low, poor water resistance, color jaundice in traditional amylan, has limited its application in wood adhesive.Having proposed a kind of employing starch among the Chinese patent CN1687279A " a kind of preparation method of starch glue for lumber " is main raw material, carries out acidolysis, oxidation, grafting, copolymerization and modification processing, adds the technology that certain auxiliary agent prepares amylan at last.Advantages such as that the amylan that this prepared goes out has is with low cost, environmental protection, the bonding strength of amylan has reached national standard, but its outward appearance, bonding strength, water tolerance are still waiting to improve, in the hope of obtaining industrialized application.The present invention improves on the preparation technology basis of Chinese patent CN1687279A, comprise that mainly adding emulsifying agent improves the storage stability of tackiness agent and adopt butyl acrylate to carry out copolymerization and improve cohesive strength, can prepare that the outward appearance milky white is glossy, good fluidity, cohesiveness is strong, storage stability is good starch-base timber adhesive.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide the starch-base timber adhesive that a kind of appearance milky white is glossy, cohesiveness is strong, storage stability is good.
The basic recipe tabulation by weight of described starch-base timber adhesive is:
Starch 100g
Ammonium persulphate 1-2g
Emulsifying agent 1-3g
Vinyl acetate 80-110g
Butyl acrylate 10-14g
Polyvinyl alcohol 10-20g
Urea 10-20g
Softening agent 5-10g
Tributyl phosphate 2-4g
Described starch is a kind of or its combination in W-Gum, waxy corn starch, tapioca (flour), yam starch or the wheat starch.
Described starch water is mixed with the starch milk that mass concentration is 25 g/100g ~ 40 g/100g.
Described polyvinyl alcohol water is configured to the solution of mass concentration 10 g/100g.
The model of described polyvinyl alcohol can select 1799,2499,2099 or 1788 for use.
Described emulsifying agent can be selected cationic emulsifier, anionic emulsifier and nonionic emulsifying agent for use.
Any among the preferred OP of described emulsifying agent, OP-10 and the sodium lauryl sulphate.
Described softening agent is glycerine or phthalate.
Every performance of this starch-base timber adhesive all is better than the starch-base timber adhesive of ordinary process preparation, especially storage stability is greatly improved, and the cost of this tackiness agent is lower than the common white latex, can be widely used in aspects such as timber decoration, wood working, wood-based plate.
The technical problem that the present invention also will solve provides a kind of preparation method of above-mentioned starch-base timber adhesive.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, technical scheme of the present invention is: mix with emulsifying agent and polyvinyl alcohol after the starch acidolysis gelatinization pre-treatment, again respectively with vinyl acetate and butyl acrylate modification by copolymerization, auxiliary agent is added in cooling back, finally obtains a kind of starch glue for lumber stick of excellent property.
Described modified technique is for comprising the steps:
(1) be raw material with starch, being mixed with mass concentration is the starch milk of 25 g/100g ~ 40 g/100g;
(2) add the sodium hydroxide of using lower concentration under 60 ℃ of conditions of hydrochloric acidolysis behind acidolysis 40 min ~ 60 min and regulate pH to 4 ~ 5.5;
(3) be warming up to 80 ℃ ~ 90 ℃ gelatinization 30 min ~ 60 min, be cooled to 60 ℃ after, add initiator ammonium persulfate, emulsifying agent, protective colloid polyvinyl alcohol, and fully stir;
(4) slowly drip vinyl acetate, control grafting temperature is reacted 2h ~ 3h under 65-75 ℃ of temperature;
(5) after the vinyl acetate reaction drips end, slowly drip the butyl acrylate that accounts for starch butt quality 10% ~ 14%, reaction times 1h ~ 1.5h;
(6) reaction solution after the modification by copolymerization is neutralized to neutrality, 75 ℃ ~ 90 ℃ insulations that heat up are cooled to 50 ℃ behind 20min ~ 40min, add urea, glycerine or phthalate and tributyl phosphate, after mixing, cooling discharge, pack the finished product starch-base timber adhesive.
Described modified technique carries out under agitation condition.
Wherein add polyvinyl alcohol with tack that improves tackiness agent and the effect of playing protective colloid, add thinner urea to improve the flowability of tackiness agent, adding glycerine or phthalate is softening agent; The adding tributyl phosphate is a defoamer.
Add emulsifying agent before polyreaction, make emulsion pass through the micella nucleation and polymerization, emulsifying agent disperses better almost can cover all latex particles, and polyreaction is better carried out.In addition, emulsifying agent also can improve monomeric transformation efficiency, thereby has improved the cohesive strength of tackiness agent.Starch adhesive is because contain a large amount of starch, a large amount of hydrogen bonds that exist are the major causes that cause the starch adhesive unstability in the starch, and emulsifying agent has the effect of hydrogen bond destructive, and this hydrogen bond disrupting agent can be evenly dispersed in particle surface again, hydrogen bond action between can very effective destruction starch particle makes the storage stability of tackiness agent be greatly improved.
The starch-base timber adhesive of the present invention's preparation is compared with existing amylan, outward appearance, cohesive strength all are improved, especially storage stability improves obviously especially, and over-all properties approaches white glue with vinyl more, and has kept characteristics such as existing amylan is with low cost, environmental protection; Owing to added emulsifying agent in the preparation process, improved the transformation efficiency of graft copolymerization, improved the storage stability of starch adhesive simultaneously; Owing to adopt two kinds of monomers that starch is carried out grafting, copolymerization and modification in the preparation process, effectively raise the cohesive strength of amylan.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
Prescription (in mass): W-Gum 100g
Ammonium persulphate 1 g
Emulsifier op-10 1 g
Vinyl acetate 80 g
Butyl acrylate 10 g
Polyvinyl alcohol 10 g
Urea 10 g
Glycerine 5 g
Tributyl phosphate 2 g
Embodiment 2
Prescription (in mass): waxy corn starch 100 g
Ammonium persulphate 2 g
Emulsifier sodium lauryl sulfate 3 g
Vinyl acetate 110 g
Butyl acrylate 14 g
Polyvinyl alcohol 20 g
Urea 20 g
Dimethyl phthalate 10 g
Tributyl phosphate 4 g
Embodiment 3
Prescription (in mass): tapioca (flour) 100 g
Ammonium persulphate 1.5 g
Polyoxyethylene nonylphenol ether 2 g
Vinyl acetate 100 g
Butyl acrylate 12 g
Polyvinyl alcohol 15 g
Urea 15 g
Dimethyl phthalate 7 g
Tributyl phosphate 3 g
Embodiment 4
Composition of raw materials is with embodiment 1
W-Gum is mixed with the starch milk that mass concentration is 25 g/100g; with hydrochloric acid is catalyzer; at 60 ℃ of reaction 60min; transferring pH is 5, is warmed up to 85 ℃ of gelatinization 30min, is cooled to 60 ℃; with the ammonium persulphate is initiator; with OP-10 is emulsifying agent, adds polyvinyl alcohol and is used for protective colloid, slowly drips vinyl acetate; 2 h drip the back and continue the dropwise addition of acrylic acid butyl ester; the dropping time is 1.5h, transfers pH to neutral, is cooled to 50 ℃ behind 80 ℃ of insulation 30min; add urea; glycerine; auxiliary agents such as tributyl phosphate; after mixing, cooling discharge, packing; sealing; get finished product.The milky white of products obtained therefrom outward appearance is glossy, and better mobile, dry strength is 8.12Mpa, and wet tenacity is 2.20Mpa, and storage stability is better, can deposit more than 2 months in 4 ℃ of refrigerators.
Embodiment 5
Composition of raw materials is with embodiment 2
Waxy corn starch is mixed with the starch milk that mass concentration is 40 g/100g; with hydrochloric acid is catalyzer; at 60 ℃ of reaction 60min; transferring pH is 5.5, is warmed up to 90 ℃ of gelatinization 50min, is cooled to 60 ℃; with the ammonium persulphate is initiator; with the sodium lauryl sulphate is emulsifying agent, adds polyvinyl alcohol and is used for protective colloid, slowly drips vinyl acetate; 3 h drip the back and continue the dropwise addition of acrylic acid butyl ester; the dropping time is 1h, transfers pH to neutral, is cooled to 50 ℃ behind 80 ℃ of insulation 30min; add urea; glycerine; auxiliary agents such as tributyl phosphate; after mixing, cooling discharge, packing; sealing; get finished product.The milky white of products obtained therefrom outward appearance is glossy, and better mobile, dry strength is 8.43Mpa, and wet tenacity is 2.89Mpa, and storage stability is better, can deposit about 2 months in 4 ℃ of refrigerators.
Embodiment 6
This example provides the salient features of adding emulsifying agent and not adding the prepared starch-base timber adhesive of emulsifying agent and compares
Composition of raw materials is with embodiment 3
Add emulsifying agent technology: tapioca (flour) is mixed with the starch milk that mass concentration is 30g/100g; with hydrochloric acid is catalyzer; at 60 ℃ of reaction 50min; transferring pH is 5.5, is warmed up to 80 ℃ of gelatinization 60min, is cooled to 60 ℃; with the ammonium persulphate is initiator; with OP is emulsifying agent, adds polyvinyl alcohol and is used for protective colloid, slowly drips vinyl acetate; continue the dropwise addition of acrylic acid butyl ester 2.5h drip the back; the dropping time is 1.5h, transfers pH to neutral, is cooled to 50 ℃ behind 85 ℃ of insulation 30min; add urea; dimethyl phthalate; auxiliary agents such as tributyl phosphate; after mixing, cooling discharge, packing; sealing; get finished product.
Do not add emulsifying agent technology: do not add emulsifying agent after gelatinization is cooled to 60 ℃ and carry out graft copolymerization, other technical process are identical.
Table 1 adds emulsifying agent technology and does not add the obtained tackiness agent performance of emulsifying agent technology relatively
Method |
Dry strength |
Wet tenacity |
4 ℃ of refrigerator storage times |
Add emulsifying agent technology |
8.29 |
2.53 |
More than 2 months |
Do not add emulsifying agent technology |
7.06 |
2.21 |
About 1 month |