CN102028477B - Device and method for measuring blood oxygen saturation of eye fundus retina - Google Patents
Device and method for measuring blood oxygen saturation of eye fundus retina Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A method and apparatus for measuring the blood oxygen saturation of the retinal fundus, characterized in that: the method comprises the steps of taking an adaptive optics based laser confocal scanning ophthalmoscope (AOSLO) as a platform, selecting light with at least two different wavelengths as a light source of the AOSLO, correcting fundus aberrations by using the adaptive optics, and then sequentially imaging a retina. The deformable mirror is used for generating defocusing, so that the longitudinal chromatography of the retina is realized, and the same position of a retinal vascular layer is conveniently imaged. The resulting high resolution retinal images at multiple wavelengths are registered and multiple darkest points within the blood vessel and points in the tissue at a fixed distance from the darkest points are extracted along the blood vessel. And processing the data to obtain the blood oxygen saturation of the blood vessel. The invention corrects the fundus aberration by using the adaptive optics, and can obtain a retina high-resolution image; by processing the multi-wavelength image, the blood oxygen saturation of the arteriovenous vessels and capillary vessels of the fundus retina can be measured.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of device and method of measuring blood oxygen saturation, particularly a kind of device and method that retina arteriovenous and o2 saturation of capillary blood are measured.
Background technology
Confocal laser scanning microscope (confocal scanning laser ophthalmoscope, CSLO) with laser as light source, laser beam forms point source through the illumination pin hole, and the every bit on the focal plane in the sample is scanned.Illuminated point on the BIAO and BEN forms images at the detecting pinhole place.Illumination pin hole and detecting pinhole are conjugated with respect to focal plane of lens, and the point outside the focal plane can not form images at the detecting pinhole place, has so just obtained the confocal images of sample optics transverse section, and it has improved the resolution of system greatly.
Adaptive optics (Adaptive Optics; AO) be the new optical technique that grows up over past in the world 20 years, it utilizes opto-electronic device to measure the aberration dynamic distortion in real time, calculates and controls with electronic system fast; Carry out real-time aberration correction with active device; Make optical system have automatic adaptation change of external conditions, remain the ability of works fine state, in high-resolution imaging observation, have important use.
Spectrophotometer is meant and utilizes a plurality of spectrum channels to carry out the technology of IMAQ, demonstration, processing and analysis interpretation.Aspect biomedical applications, utilize in the blood hemoglobin can analyze blood oxygen saturation to the difference of different wave length light absorption.
The retinal images of human eye is an indispensable important information in ophthalmic diagnosis and the treatment.Medical research shows that many amphiblestroid pathological changes can cause the lot of consumption of oxygen, the retinopathy that causes like diabetes, glaucoma, angiemphraxis etc.Observe the variation of blood oxygen in the retina through spectrophotometer and can carry out early diagnosis and detection these diseases; But there are various aberrations in living human eye; Cause the resolution and the contrast of retina image-forming to be very limited, also limited the resolution of Oximetry simultaneously greatly.Utilize adaptive optics can proofread and correct the optical fundus aberration, obtain high-resolution retinal images.In one Chinese patent application numbers 201010197028.0, introduced a kind of reflection-type confocal scanning retina imaging system based on adaptive optics (adaptive optics confocal scanning laser ophthalmoscope, AOSLO).AOSLO has combined adaptive optical technique and cofocus scanning imaging technique, can access human eye live body high-resolution retinal images, but can't measure the amphiblestroid blood oxygen saturation in optical fundus.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem that the present invention will solve is: the deficiency that overcomes prior art; A kind of device and method of measuring optical fundus retinal blood oxygen saturation is provided; Utilize spectrophotometer technology and AOSLO technology; Handle the optical fundus retina high-definition picture of a few width of cloth different wave lengths, to measure the blood oxygen saturation of optical fundus retinal vessel.
Technical solution of the present invention: a kind of device of measuring optical fundus retinal blood oxygen saturation comprises:
(1) device that can produce at least two special wavelength lights;
(2) based on laser cofocus scanning ophthalmoscope (AOSLO) optical system and the control system of adaptive optics;
(3) device of the above-mentioned special wavelength light of detection;
(4) data acquisition unit;
(5) data processing equipment is promptly in order to confirm the device of blood oxygen saturation;
Produce the light of a plurality of specific wavelengths by the device that can produce at least two different wavelengths of light, with the light that produces successively as the light source of optical system and the control system of AOSLO, and with this device observer eyes retina; The light that retinal reflex is returned is surveyed by the device of surveying light, then the optical signals data acquisition unit of its detection is gathered; The optical system of AOSLO and control system; Can utilize adaptive optics to proofread and correct the optical fundus aberration, to live body retina high-resolution imaging, adaptive optics can utilize distorting lens to produce out of focus simultaneously; Realize amphiblestroid vertical chromatography, the luminous energy of different wave length is formed images to the retina same position; The light of different wave length behind the image by data processing equipment registration different wave length, calculates the blood oxygen saturation of this blood vessel to the blood vessel imaging of retina same position.
A kind of device and method step of measuring optical fundus retinal blood oxygen saturation is following:
(1) utilizes the device that can produce at least two different wavelengths of light; Produce the light of at least two each and every one specific wavelengths successively, the light of these specific wavelengths comprises that at least the light of the wavelength that the extinction coefficient difference of a redox protein and reduced hemoglobin is bigger is a kind of light responsive to blood oxygen saturation;
The light that (2) will produce a plurality of wavelength that the device of at least two different wavelengths of light produces is successively as the light source of optical system and the control system of AOSLO, and with this device observation optical fundus retina;
(3) utilize the optical system of AOSLO and control system to utilize adaptive optics to produce out of focus, so that the light of different wave length is formed images to the same one deck in the retinal vessel layer;
(4) utilize the light detection device detectable signal, and, import data processing equipment then by the data acquisition unit collection;
(5) data processing equipment carries out registration to the image of the different wave length that collects, so that extract the multi-wavelength information of retina same position;
(6) in any piece image of data processing equipment in above-mentioned different wave length image, seek in a plurality of blood vessels dim spot and the point in the tissue of dim spot fixed range, extract the half-tone information of these points, calculate the blood oxygen saturation of this blood vessel along blood vessel.
The present invention compared with prior art has following advantage:
(1) the present invention adopts spectral technique can nondestructively measure optical fundus retinal blood oxygen saturation.
(2) the present measuring device of optical fundus retinal vessel blood oxygen all can only be measured the blood oxygen saturation of optical fundus trunk.The present invention has adopted adaptive optical technique, has significantly improved the resolution of image, and energy measurement is the blood oxygen saturation of fine structure more, the blood oxygen saturation of energy measurement optical fundus blood capillary.
(3) utilize distorting lens to produce out of focus, can do vertical chromatography, the luminous energy of different wave length is formed images with one deck to the retinal vessel layer, avoided complicated achromatism operation retina.
(4) light that adopts different wave length is to retina method for imaging successively, and beam split, the multichannel that both having avoided multi-wavelength to form images simultaneously needs such as surveys simultaneously at operation, also rationally utilized luminous energy simultaneously.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the flow chart of optical fundus retina measurement method of blood oxygen saturation;
Fig. 2 is the extinction coefficient of the white and reduced hemoglobin of Oxygenated blood red eggs;
Fig. 3 is the composition structure chart of optical fundus of the present invention retinal blood oxygen saturation measurements device;
Fig. 4 is a multi-wavelength process of image registration flow chart;
Fig. 5 is an optical fundus retinal blood oxygen saturation measurements device workflow diagram.
Wherein 1,2 is the SLD light source, and 3,4 is collimating lens, and 5,6 is optical filter; 7,8,24 is spectroscope, and 9,10,12,13,15,16,18,20 is spherical reflector, and 19,21 is plane mirror, and 11 is distorting lens, and 17 is Y scanning direction mirror; 14 is the directions X scanning mirror, and 22 is test lenses, and 23 is human eye, and 26 is condenser lens, and 27 is pin hole; 28 is photomultiplier tube (PMT), and 29 is signal conditioning circuit and image pick-up card, and 25 is Hartmann sensor, and 30,31 is computer.7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,21,24,25,26,27,31 is optical system and the control system of AOSLO.
The specific embodiment
Introduce the present invention in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing and the specific embodiment.This embodiment is a platform with the cofocus scanning ophthalmoscope (AOSLO) based on adaptive optics, utilizes spectroscopy measurement optical fundus retinal blood oxygen saturation, and its flow process is like Fig. 1, shown in 5; Concrete steps are following:
(1) device 32 that can produce at least two special wavelength lights is by SLD light source 1,2, and collimating lens 3,4 and optical filter 5,6 are formed.The centre wavelength of SLD light source 1,2 is respectively 680nm and 796nm; Behind collimating lens 3,4 collimations; Utilize optical filter 5,6 to leach centre wavelength respectively and be 680nm, 796nm bandwidth light for two wavelength of 7nm; Wherein 796nm only to the insensitive light of blood oxygen saturation, the only responsive light of 680nm to blood oxygen saturation;
(2) with the light of the 680nm light source as AOSLO optical system and control system 25, AOSLO optical system and control system 32 comprise spectroscope 7,8,24, spherical reflector 9,10,12,13,15,16,18,20; Plane mirror 19,21, distorting lens 11, directions X scanning mirror 14; Y scanning direction mirror 17, test lenses 22, Hartmann sensor 25; Condenser lens 26, pin hole 27, computer 31.
The light of 680nm is successively through spectroscope 7,8; Then successively by spherical reflector 9; 10, distorting lens 11, spherical reflector 12,13, directions X scanning mirror 14, spherical reflector 15 and 16, Y scanning direction mirror 17, spherical reflector 18, plane mirror 19, spherical reflector 20, plane mirror 21 reflections; Through behind the test lenses 22, converge at a bit at last at living human eye retina 23.Accomplish 23 certain the regional scanning of living human eye retina through directions X scanning mirror 14 and Y scanning direction mirror 17 in the light path.The light that living human eye retina 23 reflects returns by original optical path, behind spectroscope 8, is divided into two-way by spectroscope 24.One road light is surveyed by Hartmann sensor 25, and this signal is handled control 37 element deformation borders, back 5 correction optical fundus aberrations through computer 31.Other one road light is surveyed through condenser lens 26 and the device 33 that light is surveyed in pin hole 27 backs.
(3) utilize distorting lens 11 to produce out of focus, vertical chromatography retina just, observation retinal vessel tomographic image;
(4) select photomultiplier tube 28 as the device 33 of surveying light.With the light of photomultiplier tube 28 detection 680nm, be that signal conditioning circuit and 29 pairs of two paths of signals shapings of image pick-up card are amplified through data acquisition unit 34, and image data input data processing equipment 35 is a computer 30;
(5) with the light of 796nm light source as AOSLO, proofread and correct human eye aberration after, obtain the high-resolution retinal images;
(6) utilize distorting lens 11 to produce out of focus, the same position of width of cloth image on gathering (image that 680nm gathers during as the AOSLO light source) is images acquired again;
(7) in computer 30, write software processes multi-wavelength image, concrete grammar is: at first adopt based on the method for mutual information the 680nm that collects and the image of 796nm are carried out registration.Being defined as of the mutual information of A and B two width of cloth images:
P wherein
AB(i j) is the joint probability density of image A and B, p
A(i, j) and p
B(i j) is respectively the probability density of image A, B.p
AB(i j) representes with the joint histogram of two width of cloth images, simultaneously p
A(i, j) and p
B(i j) representes with the rectangular histogram of two width of cloth images respectively.Mutual information is represented the similarity of two width of cloth images, and mutual information is big more, and two width of cloth image similarities are high more, and the effect of registration is good more.Piece image is done affine transformation, behind the computational transformation with the mutual information of another width of cloth image.Constantly the parameter of conversion affine transformation is sought mutual information maximum and can be accomplished registration.In the image a bit (x, y)
TThrough affine transformation to point (x ', y ')
TTransformation for mula be:
Parameter wherein
Be non-singular matrix, a
11, a
12, a
21, a
22The rotation of four common presentation videos of parameter, convergent-divergent, shearing, parametric t
xThe translation of presentation video horizontal direction, parametric t
yThe translation of presentation video vertical direction.
Registration process is as shown in Figure 4.After the retinal images of the 680nm that collects and 796nm accomplished registration, in the image of 680nm, seek a plurality of dim spots, and find the point in the tissue of each dim spot fixed range along vessel directions.Suppose that certain dim spot brightness is I, the brightness of the point in the tissue of this dim spot fixed range is I
0Then calculate the I of 680nm, 796nm two width of cloth images respectively in identical position
0Logarithm with the ratio of I
And then calculate the ratio ODR=OD of the OD of 680nm, 796nm two width of cloth images
680/ OD
796, OD wherein
680I for the 680nm image
0With the logarithm of the ratio of I, wherein OD
796I for the 796nm image
0Logarithm with the ratio of I.Choose a plurality of dim spots and calculate ODR and make even then all, with the certainty of measurement of raising ODR.ODR and blood oxygen saturation are linear, just can represent the blood oxygen saturation of this position in the blood vessel through ODR.
Though through explanation and specific embodiments with reference to invention; The present invention is illustrated and describes; But those skilled in the art should be understood that; Can do various changes to it in form with on the details, and the spirit and scope of the present invention that do not depart from appended claims and limited.
The present invention does not set forth part in detail and belongs to techniques well known.
Claims (4)
1. device of measuring optical fundus retinal blood oxygen saturation is characterized in that comprising:
The device (32) that can produce at least two different wavelengths of light, wherein the light of at least one wavelength should be the light responsive to blood oxygen saturation;
Laser cofocus scanning ophthalmoscope (adaptive optics confocal scanning laser ophthalmoscope, optical system AOSLO) and control system (33) based on adaptive optics;
Survey the device (34) of light;
Data acquisition unit (35);
Data processing equipment (36) is promptly in order to confirm the device of blood oxygen saturation;
By the light that can produce a plurality of specific wavelengths of device (32) generation of at least two different wavelengths of light; With the light that produces successively as light source based on Oph optical system of the laser cofocus scanning of adaptive optics and control system (33), and observation living human eye retina; The light that retinal reflex is returned is surveyed by the device (34) of surveying light, then the optical signals data acquisition unit (35) of its detection is gathered; Utilize adaptive optics to proofread and correct the optical fundus aberration based on Oph optical system of the laser cofocus scanning of adaptive optics and control system (33); To live body retina high-resolution imaging; Utilize distorting lens to produce out of focus simultaneously; Realize amphiblestroid vertical chromatography, the luminous energy of different wave length is formed images to the retina same position; The light of different wave length behind the image by data processing equipment (36) registration different wave length, calculates the blood oxygen saturation of this blood vessel to the blood vessel imaging of retina same position;
Oph optical system of said laser cofocus scanning based on adaptive optics and control system (33) comprise three spectroscopes, i.e. first spectroscope (7), second spectroscope (8) and the 3rd spectroscope (24), eight spherical reflectors; I.e. first spherical reflector (9), second spherical reflector (10), the 3rd spherical reflector (12), the 4th spherical reflector (13), the 5th spherical reflector (15), the 6th spherical reflector (16), the 7th spherical reflector (18), the 8th spherical reflector (20); Two plane mirrors, i.e. first plane mirror (19) and second plane mirror (21), distorting lens (11); Directions X scanning mirror (14); Y scanning direction mirror (17), test lenses (22), Hartmann sensor (25); Condenser lens (26), pin hole (27) and computer (31); The light that can produce device (32) generation of at least two different wavelengths of light at first passes through first spectroscope (7) and second spectroscope (8); Then successively by first spherical reflector (9), second spherical reflector (10), distorting lens (11), the 3rd spherical reflector (12), the 4th spherical reflector (13), directions X scanning mirror (14), the 5th spherical reflector (15), the 6th spherical reflector (16), Y scanning direction mirror (17), the 7th spherical reflector (18), first plane mirror (19), the 8th spherical reflector (20), second plane mirror (21) reflection; Through behind the test lenses (22), converge at a bit at last at living human eye retina (23); Accomplish certain regional scanning of living human eye retina (23) through directions X scanning mirror (14) and Y scanning direction mirror (17) in the light path; The light that living human eye retina (23) reflects returns by original optical path; Behind second spectroscope (8); Be divided into two-way by the 3rd spectroscope (24); One road light is surveyed by Hartmann sensor (25), and this signal is handled back controlled deformation mirror (5) through computer (31) and proofreaied and correct the optical fundus aberration, and the device (34) that other one road light is surveyed light through condenser lens (26) and pin hole (27) back is surveyed.
2. the device of measurement according to claim 1 optical fundus retinal blood oxygen saturation; It is characterized in that: a said device (32) that can produce at least two different wavelengths of light is by two SLD light sources (1,2), and two collimating lens (3,4) and two optical filters (5,6) are formed; The centre wavelength of two SLD light sources (1,2) is respectively 680nm and 796nm; Respectively through behind two collimating lens (3,4) collimation; Utilizing two optical filters (5,6) to leach centre wavelength respectively is that 680nm, 796nm bandwidth are the light of two wavelength of 7nm; Wherein 796nm only to the insensitive light of blood oxygen saturation, the only responsive light of 680nm to blood oxygen saturation.
3. the device of measurement according to claim 1 optical fundus retinal blood oxygen saturation is characterized in that: the implementation procedure of said data processing equipment (36) is: at first adopt based on the method for mutual information the 680nm that collects and the image of 796nm are carried out registration; After the retinal images of the 680nm that collects and 796nm accomplished registration, in the image of 680nm, seek a plurality of dim spots, and find the point in the tissue of each dim spot fixed range along vessel directions; Suppose that certain dim spot brightness is I, the brightness of the point in the tissue of this dim spot fixed range is I
0, then calculate the I of 680nm, 796nm two width of cloth images respectively in identical position
0Logarithm with the ratio of I
Calculate the ratio ODR=OD of the OD of 680nm, 796nm two width of cloth images
680/ OD
796, OD wherein
680I for the 680nm image
0With the logarithm of the ratio of I, wherein OD
796I for the 796nm image
0With the logarithm of the ratio of I, choose a plurality of dim spots and calculate ODR and make even then all, with the certainty of measurement of raising ODR; ODR and blood oxygen saturation are linear, just can obtain the blood oxygen saturation of this position in the blood vessel through ODR.
4. method of measuring optical fundus retinal blood oxygen saturation is characterized in that performing step is following:
(1) utilizes the device that can produce at least two different wavelengths of light; Produce the light of at least two specific wavelengths successively, the light of these specific wavelengths comprises that at least the light of the wavelength that the extinction coefficient difference of a redox protein and reduced hemoglobin is bigger is a kind of light responsive to blood oxygen saturation;
The light that (2) will produce a plurality of wavelength that the device of at least two different wavelengths of light produces is successively as the light source based on the Oph optical system of the laser cofocus scanning of adaptive optics and control system, and with the described device observation of claim 1 optical fundus retina;
(3) utilize adaptive optics to produce out of focus based on Oph optical system of the laser cofocus scanning of adaptive optics and control system, the light that makes different wave length is to the same one deck imaging in the retinal vessel layer;
(4) utilize light detection device to survey amphiblestroid reflected light, and, import data processing equipment then by the data acquisition unit collection;
(5) data processing equipment carries out registration to the image of the different wave length that collects, so that extract the multi-wavelength information of retina same position;
(6) in any piece image of data processing equipment in above-mentioned different wave length image, seek in a plurality of blood vessels dim spot and the point in the tissue of dim spot fixed range, extract the half-tone information of these points, calculate the blood oxygen saturation of this blood vessel along blood vessel;
Oph optical system of said laser cofocus scanning based on adaptive optics and control system (33) comprise three spectroscopes, i.e. first spectroscope (7), second spectroscope (8) and the 3rd spectroscope (24), eight spherical reflectors; I.e. first spherical reflector (9), second spherical reflector (10), the 3rd spherical reflector (12), the 4th spherical reflector (13), the 5th spherical reflector (15), the 6th spherical reflector (16), the 7th spherical reflector (18), the 8th spherical reflector (20); Two plane mirrors, i.e. first plane mirror (19) and second plane mirror (21), distorting lens (11); Directions X scanning mirror (14); Y scanning direction mirror (17), test lenses (22), Hartmann sensor (25); Condenser lens (26), pin hole (27) and computer (31); The light that can produce device (32) generation of at least two different wavelengths of light at first passes through first spectroscope (7) and second spectroscope (8); Then successively by first spherical reflector (9), second spherical reflector (10), distorting lens (11), the 3rd spherical reflector (12), the 4th spherical reflector (13), directions X scanning mirror (14), the 5th spherical reflector (15), the 6th spherical reflector (16), Y scanning direction mirror (17), the 7th spherical reflector (18), first plane mirror (19), the 8th spherical reflector (20), second plane mirror (21) reflection; Through behind the test lenses (22), converge at a bit at last at living human eye retina (23); Accomplish certain regional scanning of living human eye retina (23) through directions X scanning mirror (14) and Y scanning direction mirror (17) in the light path; The light that living human eye retina (23) reflects returns by original optical path; Behind second spectroscope (8); Be divided into two-way by the 3rd spectroscope (24); One road light is surveyed by Hartmann sensor (25), and this signal is handled back controlled deformation mirror (5) through computer (31) and proofreaied and correct the optical fundus aberration, and the device (34) that other one road light is surveyed light through condenser lens (26) and pin hole (27) back is surveyed.
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| CN104997519B (en) * | 2015-08-13 | 2018-09-18 | 中国科学院光电技术研究所 | Dual-wavelength retinal blood vessel blood oxygen measurement system based on fundus camera |
| CN106442406A (en) * | 2016-11-25 | 2017-02-22 | 佛山科学技术学院 | Device and method for detecting blood oxygen saturation based on dual-wavelength lasers |
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| CN109692009A (en) * | 2018-12-29 | 2019-04-30 | 佛山科学技术学院 | Human eye capillary blood oxygen measuring device and method |
| CN109917908B (en) * | 2019-02-01 | 2023-03-24 | 谷东科技有限公司 | Image acquisition method and system of AR glasses |
| CN113197574B (en) * | 2021-04-30 | 2023-06-09 | 山东湾迪吏贸易有限公司 | Non-contact blood oxygen monitoring device based on near infrared F-theta scanning field lens |
| CN114343625B (en) * | 2021-12-17 | 2024-04-26 | 杭州电子科技大学 | Non-contact capillary blood gas parameter determination method based on color image analysis and application |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5308919A (en) * | 1992-04-27 | 1994-05-03 | Minnich Thomas E | Method and apparatus for monitoring the arteriovenous oxygen difference from the ocular fundus |
| CN101862178A (en) * | 2010-06-02 | 2010-10-20 | 中国科学院光电技术研究所 | Reflection type confocal scanning retina imaging system based on adaptive optics |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5308919A (en) * | 1992-04-27 | 1994-05-03 | Minnich Thomas E | Method and apparatus for monitoring the arteriovenous oxygen difference from the ocular fundus |
| CN101862178A (en) * | 2010-06-02 | 2010-10-20 | 中国科学院光电技术研究所 | Reflection type confocal scanning retina imaging system based on adaptive optics |
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