CN102022078A - Particle percussive drilling method and device - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides particle percussive drilling method and device. A set of particle injection system is connected to a pumpout pipe of a drill pump so that high-pressure slurry to be injected in a well is continuously mixed with hard particles, waterpower energy of drilling fluid and hard steel particles carried by the drilling fluid impact rocks together so as to quickly break rocks under the joint action of mechanical and particle impact; in addition, a set of particle separation system is connected in a slurry return pipe at the head of the well and used for separating metal particles out for recycling; and a particle storage and treatment system is used for treating and storing the particles after the particle percussive drilling is stopped.

Description

Particle Impact Drilling Method and Device

technical field

The invention relates to a novel drilling device in the field of petroleum development, which can increase the drilling speed in hard formations.

Background technique

At present, the conventional drilling technology is to use the drilling pressure and rotation of the drill bit at the bottom of the hole to mechanically break the rock to achieve the purpose of drilling. This method only relies on the mechanical action of the drill bit to break the rock when drilling into hard formations. Carrying cuttings, it is impossible to achieve the combined rock-breaking effect of hydraulic power and machinery, and the operation period is long and the drilling cost is high. With the increase in the number of domestic deep wells and ultra-deep wells, the solution to this problem has become more urgent.

Contents of the invention

In order to overcome the problems of long operation period and high drilling cost caused by the existing drilling technology solely using mechanical rock breaking, this patent provides a new type of drilling device, which can increase the drilling speed of the drilling rig in hard formations and save costs , to shorten the cycle.

The technical solution of the patented device is: adding round hard steel particles into the drilling fluid to make it impact the rock at the bottom of the well through the water hole of the drill bit, so as to achieve the effect of mechanically adding particles and impacting combined rock breaking. Different from conventional drilling technology, this process not only relies on the drill bit to achieve mechanical rock breaking, but also uses the particle injection system to add particles into the mud at the outlet of the drilling pump, so that it goes down the drill string until the drill bit, and is released at the water hole. Accelerate and impact the rock at a very high speed, causing it to generate high stress and break the rock. The crushed rock cuttings, together with steel particles and mud, are circulated to the ground through environmental control, and then the steel particles are separated by the particle recovery device, so that they can be injected into the circulating mud again for reuse.

The beneficial effect of this patent is that the drilling speed is 3 to 5 times faster than the traditional drilling technology, the operation time is greatly shortened, and manpower, fuel, rent, drilling time and other various drilling consumptions are saved.

Description of drawings

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment this patent is described.

Fig. 1 is the overall device connection working diagram of this patent

Figure 2 is a composition diagram of the injection system of this patent

Figure 3 is a composition diagram of the particle separation system

Fig. 4 is the working diagram of the processing system of the particle delivery system and particle storage of this patent

In the figure 1. Drilling pump, 2. Mud tank, 3. Inflow pipe of mud tank, 4. Particle mud switch valve, 5. Mud valve, 6. Injection chamber pressure pipeline, 7. Mud pipeline for injection well , 8. Screw propeller, 9. Lower chamber, 10. Hydraulic station, 11. Mud valve for pressurization, 12. Hydraulic control particle mud valve, 13. Upper chamber, 14. Injection tower, 15. Pressure discharge Valve, 16. Hydraulic control particle slurry valve, 17. Particle injection hopper, 18. Tandem disc conveyor, 19. Output pipe, 20. Stuffing hopper of tandem disc conveyor, 21. Particle processing inlet pipe, 22. Agitation Car, 23. Blowing pipe, 24. Discharge pipe, 25. Loading port, 26. Multi-point loading and unloading scraper buried plate conveyor, 27. Loading port, 28. Particle introduction tank, 29. Output pipe, 30. Hair dryer , 31. Turnover box, 32. Demagnetizer, 33. Magnetic separator, 34. Vibrating screen, 35. Vibrating screen outflow pipe, 36. Vibrating screen inflow pipe, 37. Particle mud switch valve, 38. Inflowing into the original vibrating screen Pipe, 39. Particle mud switch valve, 40. Downhole return mud direction control valve, 41. Original vibrating screen, 42. Elevated pipe, 43. Gooseneck, 44. Water tap, 45. Kelly, 46. Turntable, 47. Casing, 48. Drill pipe, 49. Drill collar, 50. Drill bit, 51. Formation, 52. Storage box.

The particle impact drilling device of this patent is mainly divided into a particle injection system, a particle separation system, a particle delivery system and a particle storage and processing system. The working methods and the entire process of each part will be described below.

When the drill bit drills into a hard formation and requires a particle impact drilling device, the particle mud switch valve 4 on the drilling pump discharge pipeline is opened to communicate with the injection system; the mud valve 5 is opened to communicate with the pressure pipeline 6 of the injection chamber; it has bottom hole return The particle mud on-off valve 37 for mud direction control is opened and connected to the vibrating screen inflow pipe 36; the particle mud on-off valve 39 is opened and connected to the vibrating screen outflow pipe 35; the bottom-hole return mud direction control valve 40 is closed.

The particle conveying system starts to work, and the particles flow out from the storage box 52 with a higher installation position, enter the scraper conveyor 26 through the loading port 27 of the multi-point loading and unloading scraper conveyor, and enter from the output pipe 19 Injection system. The injection part has two sets of devices that can work independently. After the particles enter the filler hopper 20 of the serial disc conveyor of one of the devices from the output pipe 19, they enter the particle at the top of the injection tower 14 through the serial disc conveyor 18. Inject in the hopper 17. The particles injected into the hopper 17 enter the upper chamber 13 and the lower chamber 9 through the hydraulically controlled particle mud valves 16 and 12 . When the injection system starts to work, after the upper chamber 13 and the lower chamber 9 are filled with particles, the liquid-controlled particle mud valve 16 is closed, and the pressurized mud valve 11 is opened to pressurize the upper and lower chambers. After pressure, the mud valve 11 is closed, and the screw propeller 8 continuously pushes the granular mud in the chamber into the mud pipeline 7 of the injection well, and then injects the drill pipe and the bottom of the well through the gooseneck. During this process, the drilling fluid with a very small particle size before the outlet of the screw propeller 8 is reversely connected to the upper and lower chambers to achieve a balance between the chamber pressure and the drilling fluid pressure. At this time, under the action of gravity in the chamber, the metal particles with a larger specific gravity will sink in the lower part of the chamber. When the liquid level of the particles is below the liquid-controlled particle mud valve 12, the liquid-controlled particle mud valve 12 will be closed. The upper and lower compartments are separated. Afterwards, the pressure relief valve 15 is opened, and then closed when the pressure in the upper chamber is reduced to atmospheric pressure, the hydraulically controlled particle mud valve 16 is opened, and the particles injected into the hopper 17 enter the upper chamber 13, and the hydraulically controlled particle mud valve is filled after the upper chamber 13 is full. 16 is closed, the liquid-controlled particle mud valve 12 is opened, and the mud valve 11 for pressurization is opened to pressurize the upper and lower chambers, and then repeat the above-mentioned injection process.

The separation system starts to work after the particles are injected into the mud and enter the well to work for a period of time. The mud with particles returned from the well bottom enters the vibrating screen 34 through the overhead pipe 42 and the vibrating screen inflow pipe 36 for screening. The sieved mud and large cuttings are sent to the vibrating screen unit 41 originally equipped on the well site through the vibrating screen outlet pipe 35 for further processing, while the particles and cuttings close to their particle size are magnetically separated by a magnetic separator 33 to separate The discharged particles enter the turnover box 31 after being demagnetized by the demagnetizer 32 . Once the separated particles flow into the turnover box 31, the particle flow out of the storage box 52 is stopped. The separated particles that enter the turnover box 31 are transported from the charging port 25 through the scraper conveyor 26, and enter the filling hopper 20 of the serial disc conveyor of the injection system from the output pipe 19, thereby starting the cycle of injecting particles use.

When it is time to stop drilling with particle mud, the storage and handling system starts working. Switch the unloading point of the scraping and embedding conveyor 26 from 19 to 21, and the demagnetized particles are sent from the particle processing inlet pipe 21 to the drum of the mixer truck 22 for stirring and turning, and at the same time, the blower 30 passes through the blowing pipe 32. Constantly blowing air into the drum for drying. When the amount of particles in the drum reaches the working load of the mixer truck, the turnover box 31 is closed, the scraping and embedding conveyor 26 is stopped, and the particles continuously separated by the separation system are temporarily piled up in the turnover box 31. After the drying of the particles in the drum of the mixer truck 22 is completed, the scraper conveyor 26 is turned on, and the particles in the drum enter the scraper conveyor 26 from the discharge pipe 24 through the charging port 25 and are sent to the discharge pipe 29, and pass through. The particle introduction tank 28 enters the storage box 52 for storage. After the particles in the drum of the mixer truck 22 are discharged, open the turnover box 31, and the particles to be dried enter the drum of the mixer truck 22 in the same way for drying treatment. The above process is repeated until all the particles in the mud are separated and dried. Put it in the storage box 52 until.

Claims (4)

1. A new type of drilling method and device, characterized in that: a set of particle injection system is connected to the pumping pipeline of the drilling pump, so that the high-pressure mud to be injected into the well is continuously mixed with hard particles with a diameter in the range of 2-8mm The particles, which travel down the drill string to the drill bit, are accelerated at the water hole and impact the rock at a very high speed, thereby achieving the effect of combining mechanical and particle impact to break the rock, increasing the drilling speed in hard formations, and in the wellhead mud A set of particle separation system is connected to the return pipeline to separate metal particles from the mixed liquid returned from the bottom of the well for repeated recycling. 2. The high-pressure particle impact drilling method and device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the liquid-controlled particle mud valve (16), the upper chamber (13), the liquid-controlled particle mud valve (12), the lower The two compartments (9) and the screw propellers (8) are connected in series from top to bottom along the height direction, the upper part of the upper compartment (13) is connected to the pressure relief valve (15), and the passages of the upper and lower compartments are connected to Pressurize the valve (11), while the particles enter the particle injection hopper (17) at the top of the injection tower (14) through the serial disc conveyor (18), and then pass through the hydraulically controlled particle slurry valves (16) and (12) Enter upper chamber (13) and lower chamber (9), rely on the alternate opening of hydraulic control particle mud valve (16), liquid control particle mud valve (12), pressure relief valve (15) and pressurization valve (11) The method of shutting off and on provides the screw propeller (8) with pressurized particles continuously, and the screw propeller (8) continuously pushes the pressurized particle mud in the chamber into the mud pipeline (7) of the injection well, and then Inject the drill pipe and the well bottom through the gooseneck (43) again. 3. The high-pressure particle impact drilling method and device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the separation system uses a vibrating screen (34) to screen out particles and cuttings close to the particle size, and then uses magnetic separation Machine (33) selects the metal particles from it, and finally or the order and method of demagnetization (32) treatment, and the particles from the vibrating screen (34) to the magnetic separator (33) and the demagnetizer (32) depend on the height Poor to achieve inflow and outflow. 4. The high-pressure particle impact drilling method and device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the storage and processing method therein adopts a processing method of stirring by a mixer truck (22) and simultaneously blowing by a fan (30).

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