CN102019432A - Preparation method of metal icosahedral nanoparticles - Google Patents

Preparation method of metal icosahedral nanoparticles Download PDF

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Publication number
CN102019432A
CN102019432A CN 201010510666 CN201010510666A CN102019432A CN 102019432 A CN102019432 A CN 102019432A CN 201010510666 CN201010510666 CN 201010510666 CN 201010510666 A CN201010510666 A CN 201010510666A CN 102019432 A CN102019432 A CN 102019432A
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icosahedron
polyvinylpyrrolidone
noble metal
preparation
reaction
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耿保友
蒯龙
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Anhui Normal University
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Anhui Normal University
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Abstract

The invention discloses a preparation method of metal icosahedral nanoparticles. The preparation method is as follows: at room temperature, adding polyvinylpyrrolidone into noble metal precursor aqueous solution; stirring uniformly, then adding ammonia water, and stirring for 10-30 minutes at room temperature; transferring the prepared reaction solution into a reactor, sealing and reacting for 2-10 hours at the temperature of 100-200 DEG C; after cooling, centrifuging products, collecting precipitates, and cleaning for 2-3 times by deionized water and absolute ethyl alcohol to obtain the metal icosahedral nanoparticles. Compared with the prior art, in the invention, the polyvinylpyrrolidone is used as both a surface active agent and a reducing agent, the preparation cost is obviously reduced, and water which is low in cost and easy to obtain is used as a solvent and a reaction medium, thus the synthetic method is simple and environment-friendly, is finished by one step, is easy to operate and has strong reproducibility; and the prepared product has the characteristics of high yield, high purity, uniform size distribution and the like, has excellent catalytic activity and can be used for heterogeneous organic reaction catalysis, electric catalysis, electrode materials of fuel batteries and the like.

Description

A kind of metal icosahedron nanometer particle process method
Technical field:
The invention belongs to this technical field of preparation method of metal nano material.
Technical background:
Metal among the present invention is meant noble metals such as gold, silver, platinum, palladium, and its nano material has the performance of many excellences, at optics, and catalysis, fields such as sensing have important application prospects, have therefore obtained paying close attention to widely.Yet the size and the pattern of these particular performances and material are closely bound up, and especially the noble metal nano particles of polyhedral structure shows excellent more performance than the same material of other pattern usually, has bigger superiority in above-mentioned field.Wherein, icosahedral noble metal nano particles is more noticeable, because it has high symmetry, thereby shows unique optical property and remarkable catalytic performance.Usually, the noble metal nano particles of polyhedral structure prepares by the polyalcohol process, in preparation process, usually needs to add the growth that some crystal seeds or foreign ion come the induced nano particle.And the report of preparation icosahedron noble metal nano particles is less, in limited report, mainly still adopts the polyalcohol method, yet, this method has some inevitable defectives: the first, and polyalcohol can cause to a certain degree pollution to environment, does not meet the requirement of Green Chemistry; The second, because the participation of foreign ion more or less all can have impurity to exist, for the post processing of product is made troubles in the product; The 3rd, owing to need prepare crystal seed in advance, make preparation process complicated, can cause the reappearance of preparation process relatively poor owing to the uncertainty of crystal seed simultaneously; The 4th, preparation cost is higher, is unfavorable for suitability for industrialized production.
Summary of the invention:
A kind of technical problem to be solved by this invention provides a kind of method for preparing noble metal icosahedron nano particle of simple environmental protection.
The present invention mainly solves above-mentioned technical problem by following technical scheme, and described technical matters comprises the following steps:
A, ready reaction solution: under the room temperature polyvinylpyrrolidone is added in the noble metal precursor aqueous solution, stir, add ammoniacal liquor then, stirring at room 10-30 minute; The mol ratio of polyvinylpyrrolidone, noble metal precursor body, ammoniacal liquor is 1: 0.05-0.4: 0.5-5;
B, preparation noble metal icosahedron nano material: will be transferred in the reactor in the above-mentioned reaction solution for preparing, sealing, reaction is 2-10 hour under 100-200 ℃ temperature;
C, washing: after the cooling that product is centrifugal, collecting precipitation is used deionized water and absolute ethanol washing 2-3 time, promptly obtains noble metal icosahedron nano particle, and particle diameter is 40-100nm.
Described noble metal precursor AgNO 3, HAuCl 4, H 2PdCl 4, H 2PtCl 6
Reaction temperature preferably 120 ℃ (silver and gold) and 200 ℃ (palladium and platinum).
The present invention compared with prior art, not only as surfactant but also as reducing agent, preparation cost significantly reduces with polyvinylpyrrolidone, make water as solvent and reaction medium, cheap and easy to get, the simple environmental protection of synthetic method, one step finished, and easy to operate, reappearance is strong; The product that makes has characteristics such as productive rate height, purity height and even size distribution, and has fabulous catalytic activity, can be used for heterogeneous organic reaction catalysis, the electrode material of electro-catalysis and fuel cell etc.
Description of drawings:
Fig. 1 is SEM (SEM) photo that embodiment 1 makes silver-colored icosahedron nano particle, and what inserted in the upper right corner is transmission electron microscope (TEM) photo that embodiment one makes single silver-colored icosahedron nano particle.
Fig. 2 is X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) figure that embodiment 1 makes silver-colored icosahedron nano particle.
Fig. 3 is the ultraviolet-visible light spectrogram that embodiment 1 makes silver-colored icosahedron nano particle.
Fig. 4 is the cyclic voltammetry curve of embodiment 13 described silver-colored icosahedron nano particle electro-catalysis oxygen reduction reactions.
The specific embodiment:
Be the non-limiting preparation embodiment of the present invention below, the present invention be further described by these embodiment.
Embodiment 1:
Measure 10mL 0.02mol/L silver nitrate aqueous solution, add the 0.1g polyvinylpyrrolidone, stir.Measure the ammoniacal liquor of 5mL 2% (weight concentration), join in the above-mentioned solution, stirred 15 minutes.Then above-mentioned mixed solution is transferred in the stainless steel cauldron of 25mL polytetrafluoroethylsubstrate substrate sealing.Reaction is 10 hours in 120 ℃ baking oven.The room temperature cooling, centrifugal, collecting precipitation is used distilled water and absolute ethanol washing 2 times respectively, promptly obtains the icosahedron nano particle of silver, and particle diameter is 60-80nm.
Embodiment 2:
Measure 10mL 0.025mol/L silver nitrate aqueous solution, add the 0.2g polyvinylpyrrolidone, stir.Measure the ammoniacal liquor of 5mL 2%, join in the above-mentioned solution, stirred 20 minutes.Then above-mentioned mixed solution is transferred in the stainless steel cauldron of 25mL polytetrafluoroethylsubstrate substrate sealing.Reaction is 6 hours in 140 ℃ baking oven.The room temperature cooling, centrifugal, collecting precipitation is used distilled water and absolute ethanol washing 2 times respectively, promptly obtains the icosahedron nano particle of silver, and particle diameter is 50-70nm.
Embodiment 3:
Measure 10mL 0.03mol/L silver nitrate aqueous solution, add the 0.4g polyvinylpyrrolidone, stir.Measure the ammoniacal liquor of 8mL 2%, join in the above-mentioned solution, stirred 15 minutes.Then above-mentioned mixed solution is transferred in the stainless steel cauldron of 25mL polytetrafluoroethylsubstrate substrate sealing.Reaction is 7 hours in 120 ℃ baking oven.The room temperature cooling, centrifugal, collecting precipitation is used distilled water and absolute ethanol washing 2 times respectively, promptly obtains the icosahedron nano particle of silver, and particle diameter is 40-60nm.
Embodiment 4:
Measure the 10mL 0.0007mol/L tetra chlorauric acid aqueous solution, add the 0.4g polyvinylpyrrolidone, stir.Measure the ammoniacal liquor of 6mL 2%, join in the above-mentioned solution, stirred 20 minutes.Then above-mentioned mixed solution is transferred in the stainless steel cauldron of 25mL polytetrafluoroethylsubstrate substrate sealing.Reaction is 2 hours in 120 ℃ baking oven.The room temperature cooling, centrifugal, collecting precipitation is used distilled water and absolute ethanol washing 3 times respectively, promptly obtains the icosahedron nano particle of gold, and particle diameter is 40-60nm.
Embodiment 5:
Measure the 10mL 0.0006mol/L tetra chlorauric acid aqueous solution, add the 0.2g polyvinylpyrrolidone, stir.Measure the ammoniacal liquor of 6mL 2%, join in the above-mentioned solution, stirred 30 minutes.Then above-mentioned mixed solution is transferred in the stainless steel cauldron of 25mL polytetrafluoroethylsubstrate substrate sealing.Reaction is 4 hours in 120 ℃ baking oven.The room temperature cooling, centrifugal, collecting precipitation is used distilled water and absolute ethanol washing 2 times respectively, promptly obtains the icosahedron nano particle of gold, and particle diameter is 35-50nm.
Embodiment 6:
Measure the 10mL 0.0005mol/L tetra chlorauric acid aqueous solution, add the 0.1g polyvinylpyrrolidone, stir.Measure the ammoniacal liquor of 6mL 2%, join in the above-mentioned solution, stirred 15 minutes.Then above-mentioned mixed solution is transferred in the stainless steel cauldron of 25mL polytetrafluoroethylsubstrate substrate sealing.Reaction is 2 hours in 100 ℃ baking oven.The room temperature cooling, centrifugal, collecting precipitation is used distilled water and absolute ethanol washing 3 times respectively, promptly obtains the icosahedron nano particle of gold, and particle diameter is 40-55nm.
Embodiment 7:
Measure the 10mL 0.0005mol/L tetrachloro-palladium acid aqueous solution, add the 0.2g polyvinylpyrrolidone, stir.Measure the ammoniacal liquor of 3mL 2%, join in the above-mentioned solution, stirred 10 minutes.Then above-mentioned mixed solution is transferred in the stainless steel cauldron of 25mL polytetrafluoroethylsubstrate substrate sealing.Reaction is 5 hours in 180 ℃ baking oven.The room temperature cooling, centrifugal, collecting precipitation is used distilled water and absolute ethanol washing 3 times respectively, promptly obtains the icosahedron nano particle of palladium, and particle diameter is 30-50nm.
Embodiment 8:
Measure the 10mL 0.0007mol/L tetrachloro-palladium acid aqueous solution, add the 0.4g polyvinylpyrrolidone, stir.Measure the ammoniacal liquor of 3mL 2%, join in the above-mentioned solution, stirred 10 minutes.Then above-mentioned mixed solution is transferred in the stainless steel cauldron of 25mL polytetrafluoroethylsubstrate substrate sealing.Reaction is 5 hours in 200 ℃ baking oven.The room temperature cooling, centrifugal, collecting precipitation is used distilled water and absolute ethanol washing 3 times respectively, promptly obtains the icosahedron nano particle of palladium, and particle diameter is 40-60nm.
Embodiment 9:
Measure the 10mL 0.0006mol/L tetrachloro-palladium acid aqueous solution, add the 0.2g polyvinylpyrrolidone, stir.Measure the ammoniacal liquor of 5mL 2%, join in the above-mentioned solution, stirred 20 minutes.Then above-mentioned mixed solution is transferred in the stainless steel cauldron of 25mL polytetrafluoroethylsubstrate substrate sealing.Reaction is 8 hours in 200 ℃ baking oven.The room temperature cooling, centrifugal, collecting precipitation is used distilled water and absolute ethanol washing 3 times respectively, promptly obtains the icosahedron nano particle of palladium, and particle diameter is 30-60nm.
Embodiment 10:
Measure the 10mL 0.001mol/L chloroplatinic acid aqueous solution, add the 0.3g polyvinylpyrrolidone, stir.Measure the ammoniacal liquor of 4mL 2%, join in the above-mentioned solution, stirred 15 minutes.Then above-mentioned mixed solution is transferred in the stainless steel cauldron of 25mL polytetrafluoroethylsubstrate substrate sealing.Reaction is 4 hours in 200 ℃ baking oven.The room temperature cooling, centrifugal, collecting precipitation is used distilled water and absolute ethanol washing 2 times respectively, promptly obtains the icosahedron nano particle of platinum, and particle diameter is 80-100nm.
Embodiment 11:
Measure the 10mL 0.003mol/L chloroplatinic acid aqueous solution, add the 0.4g polyvinylpyrrolidone, stir.Measure the ammoniacal liquor of 5mL 2%, join in the above-mentioned solution, stirred 15 minutes.Then above-mentioned mixed solution is transferred in the stainless steel cauldron of 25mL polytetrafluoroethylsubstrate substrate sealing.Reaction is 10 hours in 180 ℃ baking oven.The room temperature cooling, centrifugal, collecting precipitation is used distilled water and absolute ethanol washing 2 times respectively, promptly obtains the icosahedron nano particle of platinum, and particle diameter is 70-90nm.
Embodiment 12:
Measure the 10mL 0.002mol/L chloroplatinic acid aqueous solution, add the 0.3g polyvinylpyrrolidone, stir.Measure the ammoniacal liquor of 5mL 2%, join in the above-mentioned solution, stirred 25 minutes.Then above-mentioned mixed solution is transferred in the stainless steel cauldron of 25mL polytetrafluoroethylsubstrate substrate sealing.Reaction is 8 hours in 200 ℃ baking oven.The room temperature cooling, centrifugal, collecting precipitation is used distilled water and absolute ethanol washing 3 times respectively, promptly obtains the icosahedron nano particle of platinum, and particle diameter is 60-85nm.
Embodiment 13:
Take by weighing the silver-colored icosahedron nano particle of 2.5mg embodiment 1 gained, be dispersed in the 5mL absolute ethyl alcohol, add the conductive black of the commercial usefulness of 1.5mg, stirred 8 hours.Get the above-mentioned hanging drop of 15 μ L on the glass-carbon electrode of 3mm diameter, the nafion solution that drips 10 μ L 0.05% after the drying is again fixed.In 1mol/LNaOH solution, measure the catalytic activity of its electro-catalysis oxygen reduction.Under the similarity condition, measure the catalytic activity of more common silver-colored particle, the result shows that silver-colored icosahedron nano particle has higher catalytic activity than common silver-colored particle.
Embodiment 14:
Take by weighing the golden icosahedron nano particle of 2.5mg embodiment 4 gained, be dispersed in the 5mL absolute ethyl alcohol, add the conductive black of the commercial usefulness of 1.5mg, stirred 8 hours.Get the above-mentioned hanging drop of 15 μ L on the glass-carbon electrode of 3mm diameter, the nafion solution that drips 10 μ L 0.05% after the drying is again fixed.In 1mol/LNaOH solution, measure the catalytic activity of its electro-catalysis oxygen reduction.Under the similarity condition, measure the catalytic activity of more common gold grain, the result shows that golden icosahedron nano particle has higher catalytic activity than common gold grain.

Claims (4)

1. metal icosahedron nanometer particle process method is characterized in that:
A, ready reaction solution: under the room temperature polyvinylpyrrolidone is added in the noble metal precursor aqueous solution, stir, add ammoniacal liquor then, stirring at room 10-30 minute; The mol ratio of polyvinylpyrrolidone, noble metal precursor body, ammoniacal liquor is 1: 0.05-0.4: 0.5-5;
B, preparation nano material: will be transferred in the reactor in the above-mentioned reaction solution for preparing, sealing was at 100-200 ℃ reaction 2-10 hour;
C, washing: after the cooling that product is centrifugal, collecting precipitation is used deionized water and absolute ethanol washing 2-3 time, gets final product.
2. a kind of metal icosahedron nanometer particle process method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described noble metal precursor AgNO 3, HAuCl 4, H 2PdCl 4, H 2PtCl 6
3. a kind of metal icosahedron nanometer particle process method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described noble metal precursor is AgNO 3, HAuCl 4The time, preferred reaction temperature is 120 ℃.
4. a kind of metal icosahedron nanometer particle process method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described noble metal precursor is H 2PdCl 4, H 2PtCl 6The time, preferred reaction temperature is 200 ℃.
CN 201010510666 2010-10-15 2010-10-15 Preparation method of metal icosahedral nanoparticles Pending CN102019432A (en)

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Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102642029A (en) * 2012-04-24 2012-08-22 同济大学 Preparation method of FeNi-Ru alloy nanosphere
CN102990082A (en) * 2012-12-17 2013-03-27 桂林理工大学 Method for preparing fluorescence nano gold sol by using PVP (Poly Vinyl Pyrrolidone) through reduction modification under hydrothermal condition
CN103170642A (en) * 2013-03-22 2013-06-26 北京航空航天大学 Preparation method of irregular icosahedron gold nanometer materials
CN103464783A (en) * 2013-09-18 2013-12-25 上海大学 Method for preparing nano-dendritic platinum catalyst
CN103934470A (en) * 2014-04-04 2014-07-23 中南大学 Preparation method for Marks decanedron Pd nano particles
CN104128617A (en) * 2014-08-13 2014-11-05 厦门大学 Preparation method of spherical gold nanoparticles and application of spherical gold nanoparticles
CN105268987A (en) * 2015-04-14 2016-01-27 华东理工大学 Method for preparing mesoporous platinum through liquid-phase ultraviolet radiation
CN105814216A (en) * 2013-12-03 2016-07-27 田中贵金属工业株式会社 Method for collecting palladium
CN106400120A (en) * 2016-10-14 2017-02-15 中国科学院光电技术研究所 Triacodihedron gold nanocrystal and controllable preparation method thereof
CN107699954A (en) * 2017-09-29 2018-02-16 中国科学院光电技术研究所 Strong-coupling gold nano superlattice structure and self-assembly preparation method thereof
CN109293639A (en) * 2018-10-15 2019-02-01 东莞理工学院 A kind of nanogold preparation method based on functionalized ion liquid

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Cited By (17)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102642029B (en) * 2012-04-24 2013-08-14 同济大学 Preparation method of FeNi-Ru alloy nanosphere
CN102642029A (en) * 2012-04-24 2012-08-22 同济大学 Preparation method of FeNi-Ru alloy nanosphere
CN102990082A (en) * 2012-12-17 2013-03-27 桂林理工大学 Method for preparing fluorescence nano gold sol by using PVP (Poly Vinyl Pyrrolidone) through reduction modification under hydrothermal condition
CN103170642B (en) * 2013-03-22 2016-03-23 北京航空航天大学 The preparation method of non-regular dodecahedron gold nano-material
CN103170642A (en) * 2013-03-22 2013-06-26 北京航空航天大学 Preparation method of irregular icosahedron gold nanometer materials
CN103464783A (en) * 2013-09-18 2013-12-25 上海大学 Method for preparing nano-dendritic platinum catalyst
CN105814216A (en) * 2013-12-03 2016-07-27 田中贵金属工业株式会社 Method for collecting palladium
CN103934470A (en) * 2014-04-04 2014-07-23 中南大学 Preparation method for Marks decanedron Pd nano particles
CN104128617A (en) * 2014-08-13 2014-11-05 厦门大学 Preparation method of spherical gold nanoparticles and application of spherical gold nanoparticles
CN104128617B (en) * 2014-08-13 2016-09-07 厦门大学 The preparation method of a kind of spherical gold nano grain and application
CN105268987A (en) * 2015-04-14 2016-01-27 华东理工大学 Method for preparing mesoporous platinum through liquid-phase ultraviolet radiation
CN105268987B (en) * 2015-04-14 2018-05-18 华东理工大学 A kind of method that liquid phase ultraviolet irradiation prepares mesoporous platinum
CN106400120A (en) * 2016-10-14 2017-02-15 中国科学院光电技术研究所 Triacodihedron gold nanocrystal and controllable preparation method thereof
CN106400120B (en) * 2016-10-14 2020-05-01 中国科学院光电技术研究所 Triacodihedron gold nanocrystal and controllable preparation method thereof
CN107699954A (en) * 2017-09-29 2018-02-16 中国科学院光电技术研究所 Strong-coupling gold nano superlattice structure and self-assembly preparation method thereof
CN107699954B (en) * 2017-09-29 2020-03-20 中国科学院光电技术研究所 Strong-coupling gold nano superlattice structure and self-assembly preparation method thereof
CN109293639A (en) * 2018-10-15 2019-02-01 东莞理工学院 A kind of nanogold preparation method based on functionalized ion liquid

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Application publication date: 20110420