CN102018024B - Method for preparing and using plant extract for inhibiting orange post-harvest pathogenic bacteria - Google Patents
Method for preparing and using plant extract for inhibiting orange post-harvest pathogenic bacteria Download PDFInfo
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- CN102018024B CN102018024B CN 201010521785 CN201010521785A CN102018024B CN 102018024 B CN102018024 B CN 102018024B CN 201010521785 CN201010521785 CN 201010521785 CN 201010521785 A CN201010521785 A CN 201010521785A CN 102018024 B CN102018024 B CN 102018024B
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for preparing a plant extract for inhibiting orange post-harvest pathogenic bacteria, which comprises the following steps: drying the washed caulis impatientis at temperature of 45-50 DEG C, crushing and sieving the dried caulis impatientis with a 40-mesh sieve, and taking minus sieve powder for extraction; adding ethanol with the concentration of 70-95% based on feed liquid volume ratio of 1:10 for carrying out ultrasonic circulated extraction at ultrasonic frequency of 30-40kHz at temperature of 45-55 DEG C for 3-5 hours; and carrying out reduced pressure concentration on the extract, and recovering a reagent so as to be prepared into a caulis impatientis stock solution with the content of 1g/mL. When in use, Tween 80 with the concentration of 0.01% is added to the stock solution of the extract to be diluted by 10 times. The orange fruits are soaked in the diluent for 1 minute, dried in the air, and packed into polyethylene film bags. The caulis impatientis extract has stronger inhibiting effect on the post-harvest pathogenic bacteria, belongs to a natural plant extract, and is used for retaining the freshness of the oranges without chemical residuals, health hazard to human bodies, and environmental contamination.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to preparation and the use of a Plant Extracts, particularly a kind ofly suppress the preparation and application that citrus is adopted the plant extraction liquid of rear pathogenic bacteria
Background technology
Mandarin orange (citrus fruits) cultivated area and output all rank first in the world, and occupy very important status in China's agricultural economy.Fresh citrus fruit because infecting of pathogenic microorganism is easily corrupt rotten, causes the huge wasting of resources and economic loss from plucking to storage, processing, process of consumption.Citrus rotting rate in the storage transportation is generally 10%-30%, can reach more than 60% when serious.Wherein common pathogen is citrus pathogens penicillium (Penicillium digitatum, Penicillium digitatum) and Penicillium digitatum (Italian mould, Penicillium italicum) fruit rot that causes generally accounts for 70%80% of fruit rot.Therefore, the Preservation Treatment of citrus in harvesting, transportation, storage and sales process just seems particularly important.
Pathogenic microorganism also can produce toxin when causing rotten loss, can cause food poisoning, the health that jeopardizes people.Therefore in the fruit storage process, need suppress microbial growth and breeding with a certain amount of bactericide, reach and prolong storage period, prevent putrid and deteriorated purpose.For preventing breakdown of fruit, must inhibition, killing microorganisms or cause and be unsuitable for the microbial growth environment; Or fruit and external environment are completely cut off, do not contact with moisture, air, to prevent the again pollution of microorganism.What use was maximum at present is chemical bactericide, such as iprodione, TBZ, carbendazim, thiophanate methyl, benomyl, chlorine, sec-butylamine, sulfur dioxide, benzimidazole and substituted benzene etc., the growth of pathogenic microorganism is killed and suppressed to these chemicals mass-energy, reaches the purpose of anti-corrosive fresh-keeping.Along with the progress of science and technology with detect the perfect of analysis means, find to think in the past that some safe chemical bactericides have the possibility of carcinogenic or potential carcinogenic, mutagenesis, teratogenesis; Use continuously a large amount of chemical bactericides also can cause pathogen to develop immunity to drugs, prevention effect descends.Therefore needing to seek new broad-spectrum high efficacy, safety low-poison biogenic preservative replaces or reduces the use of chemical bactericide on citrus fruit.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of prepare and use in all without chemical residual, to human body without health hazard, the inhibition citrus of environmentally safe adopt rear pathogenic bacteria plant extraction liquid preparation and use ten thousand methods.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, technical scheme of the present invention is: a kind ofly suppress the preparation method that citrus is adopted the plant extraction liquid of rear pathogenic bacteria:
(1) with the CAULIS IMPATIENTIS 45-50 ℃ oven dry of cleaning, cross 40 mesh sieves after pulverizing, get the minus sieve powder spice and extract;
(2) carry out ultrasonic circulation by material liquid volume than the ethanol that adds 70%-95% at 1: 10 and extract, extracting temperature is 45-55 ℃, and extraction time is 3-5 hour, and supersonic frequency is 30-40KHZ;
(3) after above-mentioned steps gained extract reached through reducing pressure, concentrating and reclaims reagent, the content of making CAULIS IMPATIENTIS was the stoste of 1g/mL.
It is at twice that the described ethanol that added 70%-95% than 1: 10 by material liquid volume carries out that ultrasonic circulation extracts, and adds for the first time the 70%-95% ethanol of 5 times of volumes to the powder spice, ultrasonic extraction 1-3 hour, filters; The 70%-95% ethanol that adds for the second time 5 times of volumes to filter residue, ultrasonic extraction 1-3 hour.
Ultrasonic wave has " cavitation phenomenon ", the characteristic such as " mechanical oscillation " and " fuel factor ", " cavitation phenomenon " can produce thousand pressure of moment youngster, make micro-bubble compression, explosion, the fragmentation of extracting medium be extracted raw material and cell membrane, accelerate the stripping of natural medicinal component, " mechanical oscillation " and " fuel factor " have further strengthened the diffusion of stripping composition, make medicinal component reach fast concentration balance in extracting medium, can greatly shorten extraction cost, improve the quality of products.
A kind ofly suppress the using method that citrus is adopted the plant extraction liquid of rear pathogenic bacteria:
(1) stoste of CAULIS IMPATIENTIS extract being added concentration is 10 times of 0.01% Tween80 (polyoxyethylene sorbitol acid anhydride list olein) aqueous solution dilutions;
(2) citrus fruit was soaked in dilution 1 minute;
(3) citrus fruit after will soaking dries the sealed polyethylene plastic bag of packing into (thickness 0.04mm) naturally.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: CAULIS IMPATIENTIS (Impatiens balsamina L.) is a kind of traditional Chinese medicine, be the dry stem of Balsaminaceae (Balsaminaceae) impatiens (Impatiens L.) balsamine, have another name called lopseed, the celestial stalk of phoenix, Caulis Impatientis, balsamine straw, balsamine bar etc.All there is cultivation China north and south various places, extract aerial part during the plant riotous growth between the autumn in summer, except defoliation and flowers and fruits, clean, and dry, but wines used as antirheumatic, invigorate blood circulation, detoxify, and have antiallergy, anti-inflammatory, the pharmacological action such as antimycotic.Citrus is adopted rear Main Pathogenic Bacteria Penicillium digitatum (Penicillium digitatum) to the CAULIS IMPATIENTIS extract and Italian mould (Penicillium italicum) has stronger inhibitory action, belong to natural plant extracts, be used for citrus fresh-keeping rear without chemical residual, without health hazard, environmentally friendly to human body.
Abundant in China's CAULIS IMPATIENTIS raw material resources, low price, extraction process is simple, safety, except using ethanol, does not use any poisonous, hazardous solvent in the technique.Pollution-free when this extracting method is applied to produce, the dregs of a decoction after the extraction can be used as the organic fertilizer recycling, can not cause environmental disruption.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is that plant extraction liquid of the present invention is to Italian mould germ fungistatic effect figure.
Fig. 2 is that plant extraction liquid of the present invention is to Penicillium digitatum germ fungistatic effect figure.
The specific embodiment
The present invention is further described below in conjunction with drawings and Examples.
Embodiment 1: a kind ofly suppress the preparation method that citrus is adopted the plant extraction liquid of rear pathogenic bacteria:
(1) with 50 ℃ of oven dry of CAULIS IMPATIENTIS of cleaning, cross 40 mesh sieves after pulverizing, get the minus sieve powder spice and extract;
(2) for the first time to 90% ethanol of 5 times of volumes of powder spice adding, ultrasonic extraction 2 hours is filtered; 90% ethanol that adds for the second time 5 times of volumes to filter residue, ultrasonic extraction 1.5 hours; Extracting temperature is 50 ℃, and supersonic frequency is 40KHZ;
(3) above-mentioned steps gained extract is after reduced pressure concentration reclaims reagent, and the content of making CAULIS IMPATIENTIS is the stoste of 1g/mL, namely contains the extract of 1g CAULIS IMPATIENTIS in the 1mL extract stoste.
Embodiment 2: a kind ofly suppress the preparation method that citrus is adopted the plant extraction liquid of rear pathogenic bacteria:
(1) with 45 ℃ of oven dry of CAULIS IMPATIENTIS of cleaning, cross 40 mesh sieves after pulverizing, get the minus sieve powder spice and extract;
(2) for the first time to 75% ethanol of 5 times of volumes of powder spice adding, ultrasonic extraction 2.5 hours is filtered; 75% ethanol that adds for the second time 5 times of volumes to filter residue, ultrasonic extraction 2 hours; Extracting temperature is 45 ℃, and supersonic frequency is 30KHZ;
(3) above-mentioned steps gained extract is after reduced pressure concentration reclaims reagent, and the content of making CAULIS IMPATIENTIS is the stoste of 1g/mL.
Embodiment 3: extract of the present invention is to the bacteriostatic test of citrus postharvest disease;
Penicillium digitatum (Penicillium digitatum, ACCC30389), Italian mould (Penicillium italicum, ACCC30399) are all from Chinese agriculture microorganism fungus kind preservation center (ACCC).Get for the examination bacterium and be inoculated in the test tube slant culture medium, cultivate 2-3d for 30 ℃, with washing in the triangular flask that sterilized water is housed for examination bacterium sterilized water in the test-tube culture medium, shake up, bead is broken up, and makes the pityrosporion ovale suspension, makes bacterial concentration reach 10
6/ mL is for subsequent use.
Adopt agar diffusion method to measure plant extracts to the inhibitory action for the examination pathogen.The bacterium liquid that makes, absorption 5mL bacteria suspension is sneaked into and is cooled to 50 ℃ of left and right sides PDA culture mediums, preparation band bacterium culture medium.Then place aseptic Oxford cup, two in every ware, triplicate.Plant extraction liquid respectively at adding 200 μ L1g/mL in the cup of Oxford places 28 ℃ of insulating boxs to cultivate 48h, and the right-angled intersection method is measured the size of inhibition zone.The result shows, CAULIS IMPATIENTIS 95% ethanol extract is that (the culture dish diameter is 90mm to 31.67mm to the inhibition zone size of Italian mould, fungistatic effect as shown in Figure 1), inhibition zone size to Penicillium digitatum is 26.33mm (the culture dish diameter is 90mm, and fungistatic effect as shown in Figure 2).Use doubling dilution to record CAULIS IMPATIENTIS 95% ethanol extract the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of Penicillium digitatum and Italian mould is 25mg/mL.
Embodiment 4: extract of the present invention is to the bacteriostasis, preservation test of citrus postharvest disease;
Supplying examination navel orange kind is Niu Heer, picks up from Chang'an, Xinfeng County, Jiangxi Province garden spot.On November 20th, 2009 gathered, and be transported to Agricultural University Of Jiangxi agricultural college with the fruit case packing same day.Select size evenly, without the make peace Navel Orange Fruits of surface inorganic tool damage of disease and pest, maturity one.It is 10 times of 0.01% Tween80 (polyoxyethylene sorbitol acid anhydride list olein) aqueous solution dilutions that the stoste of CAULIS IMPATIENTIS extract is added concentration, soaks fruit 1 minute.
The Niu Heer navel orange of contrast uses respectively 50% carbendazol wettable powder (diluting 1000 times) and clear water to soak fruit, naturally dries, and the sealed polyethylene plastic bag (d=0.04mm) of packing into, 7 ℃ of refrigerations, relative humidity 90-95% regularly detects indices.Preserve after 120 days, the penicilliosis of the navel orange of processing through extract of the present invention, green mould incidence be than the 15-20% that soaked reduction really with 50% carbendazol wettable powder (diluting 1000 times), and navel orange storage period has prolonged 12-15 days; Than with clear water soaked the fruit reduction 40-65%; Navel orange storage period has prolonged 20-25 days.
Claims (3)
1. one kind is suppressed the preparation method that citrus is adopted the plant extraction liquid of rear pathogenic bacteria, it is characterized in that:
(1) with the CAULIS IMPATIENTIS 45-50 ℃ oven dry of cleaning, cross 40 mesh sieves after pulverizing, get the minus sieve powder spice and extract;
(2) carry out ultrasonic circulation by material liquid volume than the ethanol that adds 70%-95% at 1: 10 and extract, extracting temperature is 45-55 ℃, and extraction time is 3-5 hour, and supersonic frequency is 30-40KHZ;
(3) after above-mentioned steps gained extract reached through reducing pressure, concentrating and reclaims reagent, the content of making CAULIS IMPATIENTIS was the stoste of 1g/mL.
2. preparation method that inhibition citrus claimed in claim 1 is adopted the plant extraction liquid of rear pathogenic bacteria, it is characterized in that: it is at twice that the described ethanol that added 70%-95% than 1: 10 by material liquid volume carries out that ultrasonic circulation extracts, the 70%-95% ethanol that adds for the first time 5 times of volumes to the powder spice, ultrasonic extraction 1-3 hour is filtered; The 70%-95% ethanol that adds for the second time 5 times of volumes to filter residue, ultrasonic extraction 1-3 hour.
3. the inhibition citrus that obtains of preparation method using method of adopting the plant extraction liquid of rear pathogenic bacteria as described in claim 1 is characterized in that:
(1) stoste of CAULIS IMPATIENTIS extract being added concentration is 10 times of 0.01% Tween80 aqueous solution dilutions;
(2) citrus fruit was soaked in dilution 1 minute;
(3) citrus fruit after will soaking dries the sealed polyethylene plastic bag of packing into naturally.
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| CN102524354A (en) * | 2012-02-27 | 2012-07-04 | 上海海洋大学 | Method for compound preservation of pork |
| CN103404537B (en) * | 2013-08-23 | 2015-09-30 | 江西农业大学 | A kind of preparation method of Ramulus Cinnamomi extract and the Ramulus Cinnamomi extract of preparation thereof and purposes |
| CN104585305B (en) * | 2014-10-08 | 2017-12-01 | 江西农业大学 | A kind of preparation method of Radix Cynanchi Atrati extract and its Radix Cynanchi Atrati extract of preparation and purposes |
| CN104605013B (en) * | 2014-10-08 | 2017-12-01 | 江西农业大学 | A kind of preparation method of thalictrum spp extract and its thalictrum spp extract and purposes of preparation |
| CN104585307B (en) * | 2014-10-08 | 2018-01-05 | 江西农业大学 | A kind of preparation method of Radix Berberidis extract and its Radix Berberidis extract of preparation and purposes |
| CN104304347A (en) * | 2014-10-08 | 2015-01-28 | 江西农业大学 | Preparation method for smilax glabra extract, smilax glabra extract prepared by preparation method, and application of smilax glabra extract |
| CN105166027A (en) * | 2015-08-27 | 2015-12-23 | 太仓市永发农场专业合作社 | Compound preservative for tangerines |
| CN105076377A (en) * | 2015-08-27 | 2015-11-25 | 太仓市永发农场专业合作社 | Complex preservative for strawberries |
| CN107232299A (en) * | 2017-06-29 | 2017-10-10 | 中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所 | A kind of citrus antimicrobial antistaling agent |
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| CN101543242A (en) * | 2009-03-31 | 2009-09-30 | 华南农业大学 | Application of sasanqua extract in antisepsis and preservation |
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