CN102018024A - Method for preparing and using plant extract for inhibiting orange post-harvest pathogenic bacteria - Google Patents
Method for preparing and using plant extract for inhibiting orange post-harvest pathogenic bacteria Download PDFInfo
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- CN102018024A CN102018024A CN 201010521785 CN201010521785A CN102018024A CN 102018024 A CN102018024 A CN 102018024A CN 201010521785 CN201010521785 CN 201010521785 CN 201010521785 A CN201010521785 A CN 201010521785A CN 102018024 A CN102018024 A CN 102018024A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for preparing a plant extract for inhibiting orange post-harvest pathogenic bacteria, which comprises the following steps: drying the washed caulis impatientis at temperature of 45-50 DEG C, crushing and sieving the dried caulis impatientis with a 40-mesh sieve, and taking minus sieve powder for extraction; adding ethanol with the concentration of 70-95% based on feed liquid volume ratio of 1:10 for carrying out ultrasonic circulated extraction at ultrasonic frequency of 30-40kHz at temperature of 45-55 DEG C for 3-5 hours; and carrying out reduced pressure concentration on the extract, and recovering a reagent so as to be prepared into a caulis impatientis stock solution with the content of 1g/mL. When in use, Tween 80 with the concentration of 0.01% is added to the stock solution of the extract to be diluted by 10 times. The orange fruits are soaked in the diluent for 1 minute, dried in the air, and packed into polyethylene film bags. The caulis impatientis extract has stronger inhibiting effect on the post-harvest pathogenic bacteria, belongs to a natural plant extract, and is used for retaining the freshness of the oranges without chemical residuals, health hazard to human bodies, and environmental contamination.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of preparation and use of plant extraction liquid, particularly a kind of citrus that suppresses is adopted the afterwards preparation and the using method of the plant extraction liquid of pathogenic bacteria
Background technology
Mandarin orange (citrus fruits) cultivated area and output all rank first in the world, and occupy important status in China's agricultural economy.Fresh citrus fruit because infecting of pathogenic microorganism is easily corrupt rotten, causes the huge wasting of resources and economic loss from pluck storage, processing, process of consumption.Citrus rotting rate in the storage transportation is generally 10%-30%, can reach more than 60% when serious.Wherein common pathogen is the fruit rot that citrus pathogens penicillium (Penicillium digitatum, Penicillium digitatum) and green mold of citrus bacterium (Italian mould, Penicillium italicum) cause, generally accounts for 70%80% of fruit rot.Therefore, the Preservation Treatment of citrus in harvesting, transportation, storage and sales process just seems particularly important.
Pathogenic microorganism also can produce toxin when causing rotten loss, can cause food poisoning, the health that jeopardizes people.Therefore in the fruit storage process, need to use a certain amount of bactericide suppress microbial growth and breeding, reach and prolong storage period, prevent putrid and deteriorated purpose.For preventing breakdown of fruit, must inhibition, killing microorganisms or cause and be unsuitable for the microbial growth environment; Or fruit and external environment are completely cut off, do not contact, to prevent the pollution again of microorganism with moisture, air.What use was maximum at present is chemical bactericide, as iprodione, Te Keduo, carbendazim, thiophanate methyl, benomyl, chlorine, sec-butylamine, sulfur dioxide, benzimidazole and substituted benzene etc., the growth of pathogenic microorganism is killed and suppressed to these chemicals mass-energy, reaches the purpose of anti-corrosive fresh-keeping.Perfect along with progress of science and technology and check and analysis means finds to think in the past that some safe chemical bactericides have the possibility of carcinogenic or potential carcinogenic, mutagenesis, teratogenesis; Use a large amount of chemical bactericides also can cause pathogen to develop immunity to drugs continuously, prevention effect descends.Therefore needing to seek new broad-spectrum high efficacy, safety low-poison biogenic antistaling agent replaces or reduces the use of chemical bactericide on citrus fruit.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of preparation and use in all do not have chemical residual, human body is not had health hazard, the inhibition citrus of environmentally safe adopt the back pathogenic bacteria plant extraction liquid preparation and use ten thousand methods.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, technical scheme of the present invention is: a kind of citrus that suppresses is adopted the preparation method of the plant extraction liquid of pathogenic bacteria afterwards:
(1) with the CAULIS IMPATIENTIS 45-50 ℃ oven dry of cleaning, pulverize the back and cross 40 mesh sieves, get the minus sieve powder spice and extract;
(2) carry out ultrasonic circulation by material liquid volume than the ethanol that adds 70%-95% at 1: 10 and extract, extracting temperature is 45-55 ℃, and extraction time is 3-5 hour, and supersonic frequency is 30-40KHZ;
(3) after above-mentioned steps gained extract reached through reducing pressure, concentrating and reclaims reagent, the content of making CAULIS IMPATIENTIS was the stoste of 1g/mL.
It is at twice that the described ethanol that added 70%-95% than 1: 10 by material liquid volume carries out that ultrasonic circulation extracts, and adds the 70%-95% ethanol of 5 times of volumes for the first time to the powder spice, ultrasonic extraction 1-3 hour, filters; The 70%-95% ethanol that adds 5 times of volumes for the second time to filter residue, ultrasonic extraction 1-3 hour.
Ultrasonic wave has " cavitation phenomenon ", characteristic such as " mechanical oscillation " and " fuel factor ", " cavitation phenomenon " can produce thousand pressure of moment youngster, make micro-bubble compression, explosion, the fragmentation of extracting medium be extracted raw material and cell membrane, quicken the stripping of natural medicinal component, " mechanical oscillation " and " fuel factor " have further strengthened the diffusion of stripping composition, make medicinal component reach concentration balance fast in extracting medium, can shorten extraction cost greatly, improve the quality of products.
A kind of citrus that suppresses is adopted the using method of the plant extraction liquid of pathogenic bacteria afterwards:
(1) stoste of CAULIS IMPATIENTIS extract being added concentration is 10 times of 0.01% Tween80 (polyoxyethylene sorbitol acid anhydride list olein) aqueous solution dilutions;
(2) citrus fruit was soaked in dilution 1 minute;
(3) citrus fruit after will soaking dries the sealed polyethylene plastic bag of packing into (thickness 0.04mm) naturally.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: CAULIS IMPATIENTIS (Impatiens balsamina L.) is a kind of traditional Chinese medicine, be the dry stem of Balsaminaceae (Balsaminaceae) impatiens (Impatiens L.) balsamine, have another name called lopseed, the celestial stalk of phoenix, Caulis Impatientis, balsamine straw, balsamine bar etc.All there is cultivation China north and south various places, extract aerial part during the plant riotous growth between the autumn in summer, remove defoliation and flowers and fruits, clean, and dry, can dispel the wind wet, invigorate blood circulation, detoxify, have antiallergy, anti-inflammatory, pharmacological action such as antimycotic.Citrus is adopted the main pathogenic bacteria Penicillium digitatum (Penicillium digitatum) in back to the CAULIS IMPATIENTIS extract and Italian mould (Penicillium italicum) has stronger inhibitory action, belong to natural plant extracts, be used for the no chemical residual in the fresh-keeping back of citrus, human body there is not health hazard, environmentally friendly.
Abundant in China's CAULIS IMPATIENTIS raw material resources, low price, extraction process is simple, safety, removes and uses ethanol, does not use any poisonous, hazardous solvent in the technology.Pollution-free when this extracting method is applied to produce, the dregs of a decoction after the extraction can be used as the organic fertilizer recycling, can not cause environment damage.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is that plant extraction liquid of the present invention is to Italian mould germ fungistatic effect figure.
Fig. 2 is that plant extraction liquid of the present invention is to Penicillium digitatum germ fungistatic effect figure.
The specific embodiment
The present invention is further described below in conjunction with drawings and Examples.
Embodiment 1: a kind of citrus that suppresses is adopted the preparation method of the plant extraction liquid of pathogenic bacteria afterwards:
(1) with 50 ℃ of oven dry of CAULIS IMPATIENTIS of cleaning, pulverize the back and cross 40 mesh sieves, get the minus sieve powder spice and extract;
(2) for the first time to 90% ethanol of 5 times of volumes of powder spice adding, ultrasonic extraction 2 hours is filtered; 90% ethanol that adds 5 times of volumes for the second time to filter residue, ultrasonic extraction 1.5 hours; Extracting temperature is 50 ℃, and supersonic frequency is 40KHZ;
(3) after above-mentioned steps gained extract concentrated through reducing pressure and reclaims reagent, the content of making CAULIS IMPATIENTIS was the stoste of 1g/mL, promptly contains the extract of 1g CAULIS IMPATIENTIS in the 1mL extract stoste.
Embodiment 2: a kind of citrus that suppresses is adopted the preparation method of the plant extraction liquid of pathogenic bacteria afterwards:
(1) with 45 ℃ of oven dry of CAULIS IMPATIENTIS of cleaning, pulverize the back and cross 40 mesh sieves, get the minus sieve powder spice and extract;
(2) for the first time to 75% ethanol of 5 times of volumes of powder spice adding, ultrasonic extraction 2.5 hours is filtered; 75% ethanol that adds 5 times of volumes for the second time to filter residue, ultrasonic extraction 2 hours; Extracting temperature is 45 ℃, and supersonic frequency is 30KHZ;
(3) after above-mentioned steps gained extract concentrated through reducing pressure and reclaims reagent, the content of making CAULIS IMPATIENTIS was the stoste of 1g/mL.
Embodiment 3: extract of the present invention is to the bacteriostatic test of citrus postharvest disease;
Penicillium digitatum (Penicillium digitatum, ACCC30389), (Penicillium italicum is ACCC30399) all from Chinese agriculture microorganism fungus kind preservation center (ACCC) for Italian mould.Get for the examination bacterium and be inoculated in the test tube slant culture medium, cultivate 2-3d for 30 ℃, with washing in the triangular flask that sterilized water is housed with sterilized water for the examination bacterium in the test tube culture medium, shake up, bead is broken up, and makes the pityrosporion ovale suspension, makes bacterial concentration reach 10
6/ mL is standby.
Adopt agar diffusion method to measure plant extracts to inhibitory action for the examination pathogen.The bacterium liquid that makes, absorption 5mL bacteria suspension is sneaked into and is cooled to 50 ℃ of left and right sides PDA culture mediums, prepares the culture medium that carries disease germs.Place aseptic Oxford cup then, two in every ware, triplicate.Plant extraction liquid respectively at adding 200 μ L1g/mL in the cup of Oxford places 28 ℃ of insulating boxs to cultivate 48h, and the right-angled intersection method is measured the size of inhibition zone.The result shows, CAULIS IMPATIENTIS 95% ethanol extract is that (the culture dish diameter is 90mm to 31.67mm to the inhibition zone size of Italian mould, fungistatic effect is as shown in Figure 1), the inhibition zone size of Penicillium digitatum is 26.33mm (the culture dish diameter is 90mm, and fungistatic effect is as shown in Figure 2).Use doubling dilution to record CAULIS IMPATIENTIS 95% ethanol extract the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of Penicillium digitatum and Italian mould is 25mg/mL.
Embodiment 4: extract of the present invention is to the bacteriostasis, preservation test of citrus postharvest disease;
For examination navel orange kind is Niu Heer, picks up from Chang'an, Xinfeng County, Jiangxi Province garden spot.On November 20th, 2009 gathered, and be transported to Agricultural University Of Jiangxi agricultural college with the fruit case packing same day.Select size evenly, no disease and pest, the maturity one navel orange fruit that the surface inorganic tool damages of making peace.It is 10 times of 0.01% Tween80 (polyoxyethylene sorbitol acid anhydride list olein) aqueous solution dilutions that the stoste of CAULIS IMPATIENTIS extract is added concentration, soaks fruit 1 minute.
The Niu Heer navel orange of contrast uses 50% carbendazol wettable powder (diluting 1000 times) and clear water to soak fruit respectively, dries naturally, and the sealed polyethylene plastic bag (d=0.04mm) of packing into, 7 ℃ of refrigerations, relative humidity 90-95% regularly detects every index.Preserve after 120 days, the penicilliosis of the navel orange of handling through extract of the present invention, green mould incidence be than the 15-20% that soaked reduction really with 50% carbendazol wettable powder (diluting 1000 times), and navel orange storage period has prolonged 12-15 days; Than with clear water soaked the fruit reduction 40-65%; Navel orange storage period has prolonged 20-25 days.
Claims (3)
1. one kind is suppressed the preparation method that citrus is adopted the plant extraction liquid of back pathogenic bacteria, it is characterized in that:
(1) with the CAULIS IMPATIENTIS 45-50 ℃ oven dry of cleaning, pulverize the back and cross 40 mesh sieves, get the minus sieve powder spice and extract;
(2) carry out ultrasonic circulation by material liquid volume than the ethanol that adds 70%-95% at 1: 10 and extract, extracting temperature is 45-55 ℃, and extraction time is 3-5 hour, and supersonic frequency is 30-40KHZ;
(3) after above-mentioned steps gained extract reached through reducing pressure, concentrating and reclaims reagent, the content of making CAULIS IMPATIENTIS was the stoste of 1g/mL.
2. the preparation method of the plant extraction liquid of pathogenic bacteria after the described inhibition citrus of claim 1 is adopted, it is characterized in that: it is at twice that the described ethanol that added 70%-95% than 1: 10 by material liquid volume carries out that ultrasonic circulation extracts, the 70%-95% alcohol that adds 5 times of volumes for the first time to the powder spice, ultrasonic extraction 1-3 hour is filtered; The 70%-95% alcohol that adds 5 times of volumes for the second time to filter residue, ultrasonic extraction 1-3 hour.
3. the using method of the plant extraction liquid of pathogenic bacteria after the described inhibition citrus of claim 1 is adopted is characterized in that:
(1) stoste of CAULIS IMPATIENTIS extract being added concentration is 10 times of 0.01% Tween80 aqueous solution dilutions;
(2) citrus fruit was soaked in dilution 1 minute;
(3) citrus fruit after will soaking dries the sealed polyethylene plastic bag of packing into (thickness is 0.04mm) naturally.
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Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102524354A (en) * | 2012-02-27 | 2012-07-04 | 上海海洋大学 | Method for compound preservation of pork |
| CN103404537A (en) * | 2013-08-23 | 2013-11-27 | 江西农业大学 | Preparation method of cassia twig extractive, prepared cassia twig extractive and application of prepared cassia twig extractive |
| CN104585306A (en) * | 2014-10-08 | 2015-05-06 | 江西农业大学 | Method for preparing rhizoma smilacis glabrae extract, rhizoma smilacis glabrae extract and application of extract |
| CN104585305A (en) * | 2014-10-08 | 2015-05-06 | 江西农业大学 | Cynanchum atratum extract as well as preparation method and application thereof |
| CN104585307A (en) * | 2014-10-08 | 2015-05-06 | 江西农业大学 | Method for preparing radix berberidis extract, prepared radix berberidis extract and application of extract |
| CN104605013A (en) * | 2014-10-08 | 2015-05-13 | 江西农业大学 | Preparation method of thalictrum plant extract, thalictrum plant extract prepared according to preparation method, and application of thalictrum plant extract |
| CN105076377A (en) * | 2015-08-27 | 2015-11-25 | 太仓市永发农场专业合作社 | Complex preservative for strawberries |
| CN105166027A (en) * | 2015-08-27 | 2015-12-23 | 太仓市永发农场专业合作社 | Compound preservative for tangerines |
| CN107232299A (en) * | 2017-06-29 | 2017-10-10 | 中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所 | A kind of citrus antimicrobial antistaling agent |
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| CN102524354A (en) * | 2012-02-27 | 2012-07-04 | 上海海洋大学 | Method for compound preservation of pork |
| CN103404537A (en) * | 2013-08-23 | 2013-11-27 | 江西农业大学 | Preparation method of cassia twig extractive, prepared cassia twig extractive and application of prepared cassia twig extractive |
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| CN104585305A (en) * | 2014-10-08 | 2015-05-06 | 江西农业大学 | Cynanchum atratum extract as well as preparation method and application thereof |
| CN104585307A (en) * | 2014-10-08 | 2015-05-06 | 江西农业大学 | Method for preparing radix berberidis extract, prepared radix berberidis extract and application of extract |
| CN104605013A (en) * | 2014-10-08 | 2015-05-13 | 江西农业大学 | Preparation method of thalictrum plant extract, thalictrum plant extract prepared according to preparation method, and application of thalictrum plant extract |
| CN104585306A (en) * | 2014-10-08 | 2015-05-06 | 江西农业大学 | Method for preparing rhizoma smilacis glabrae extract, rhizoma smilacis glabrae extract and application of extract |
| CN104605013B (en) * | 2014-10-08 | 2017-12-01 | 江西农业大学 | A kind of preparation method of thalictrum spp extract and its thalictrum spp extract and purposes of preparation |
| CN104585305B (en) * | 2014-10-08 | 2017-12-01 | 江西农业大学 | A kind of preparation method of Radix Cynanchi Atrati extract and its Radix Cynanchi Atrati extract of preparation and purposes |
| CN104585307B (en) * | 2014-10-08 | 2018-01-05 | 江西农业大学 | A kind of preparation method of Radix Berberidis extract and its Radix Berberidis extract of preparation and purposes |
| CN105076377A (en) * | 2015-08-27 | 2015-11-25 | 太仓市永发农场专业合作社 | Complex preservative for strawberries |
| CN105166027A (en) * | 2015-08-27 | 2015-12-23 | 太仓市永发农场专业合作社 | Compound preservative for tangerines |
| CN107232299A (en) * | 2017-06-29 | 2017-10-10 | 中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所 | A kind of citrus antimicrobial antistaling agent |
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