CN102012823A - Method and device for quickly restarting computer - Google Patents
Method and device for quickly restarting computer Download PDFInfo
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- CN102012823A CN102012823A CN2009101714633A CN200910171463A CN102012823A CN 102012823 A CN102012823 A CN 102012823A CN 2009101714633 A CN2009101714633 A CN 2009101714633A CN 200910171463 A CN200910171463 A CN 200910171463A CN 102012823 A CN102012823 A CN 102012823A
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Abstract
The invention provides a method for quickly restarting a computer, comprising the steps of: storing a new kernel and loading a guidance code by a computer when the computer receives a command about restarting an operating system, wherein the guidance code is a code independent of position and a global variable is accessed relative to the current operation address; executing a step of shutting down the operating system by the computer, wherein the new kernel information required by the computer during the preparation of restarting at least comprises the size of the new kernel and the physical address of an inlet during the execution; skipping to an inlet of the guidance code by the computer so as to introduce the new kernel information as a parameter; and skipping to the physical address of the inlet during the execution by the computer so as to execute the new kernel and finish the quick starting process. Correspondingly, the invention also provides a device for quickly restarting the computer, which comprises a guidance module, a storage module, an operating system shutdown module and a loading module. The method and the device greatly shorten the offline time of the operating system and simplify the starting process.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to computer system, relate to a kind of computer method and device of restarting fast particularly.
Background technology
Along with the continuous development of embedded system, in order to realize more complicated function, the vectoring phase needs initialized external unit more and more, and what boot also designed becomes increasingly complex, and causes toggle speed to reduce greatly.Therefore, when system update some significant components and need restart the time,, need the time of cost also more and more longer to online next time from system off-line when beginning to restart, this is unacceptable in specific application scenario for this.
In the existing technology, the deviser of operating system can select the technology of microkernel design and loadable module usually, avoids restarting systems when revising partial function as far as possible.However, when kernel was changed to some extent, the operation of restarting systems still can't be avoided.
When needs were restarted system, the deviser can carry out some to current state usually and handle, and as preserving the data in the current cache, notifies all processes to withdraw from or the like, utilizes the function of house dog or power management chip that total system is resetted then.As: if utilize watchdog reset, then enter the built in self testing state behind the processor reset, read in boot from the outside after self check is finished, boot again can the essential peripheral hardware of initialization, and then the pilot operationp system kernel.
Therefore, the computing machine restarting process comprises at present: reload boot after processor reset finishes; After boot finishes to processor and peripheral components initialization, attempt reading and the load operation system kernel; After operating system nucleus starts, carry out necessary software and hardware initialization earlier, then loading application programs; After application program brought into operation normally, system entered presence once more.According to present this mode restarting operating systems, the system off-line time is long.
Summary of the invention
The present invention will solve provides a kind of computer method and device of restarting fast, can realize starting fast computer system.
In order to address the above problem, the invention provides a kind of computer method that restarts fast, comprising:
Receive the order of restarting operating systems when described computing machine after, described computing machine is preserved new kernel and is loaded guidance code; Described guidance code is a position-independence code, visits global variable with respect to current operation address;
Described computing machine is carried out the shutoff operation system;
Required new kernel information when described computing machine is prepared to restart comprises new kernel size and the physical address of inlet when carrying out at least;
Described computing machine jumps to described guidance code porch described new kernel information is imported into as parameter;
The physical address of inlet was carried out described new kernel when described computing machine jumped to described the execution, and start-up course finishes fast.
Further, said method also has following characteristics:
Described computing machine is saved in described new kernel among the RAM, is saved in described guidance code among the RAM or in the external module.
Further, said method also has following characteristics:
Described computing machine jumps to described guidance code porch imports described new kernel information into as parameter after, and the physical address of inlet is carried out before the described new kernel when jumping to described the execution, also comprises:
The physical address of inlet when described guidance code backups to described the execution with copy mode with described new kernel information.
Further, said method also has following characteristics:
Described new kernel information also comprises the current virtual address of new kernel, the virtual address and the memory management unit state that enter the mouth when carrying out;
When described memory management unit state when enabling, described computing machine jumps to described guidance code porch imports described new kernel information into as parameter after, the physical address of inlet is carried out before the described new kernel when jumping to described the execution, also comprises:
The virtual address of inlet when described guidance code backups to described the execution with copy mode with described new kernel information, and forbidding memory management unit function.
Further, said method also has following characteristics:
After described guidance code backs up described new kernel information with copy mode, handle the significant data section, comprise code segment, data segment and bss section.
Further, said method also has following characteristics:
Described new kernel information also comprises: the boot parameter of current inner;
Before the physical address of inlet was carried out described new kernel when described computing machine jumped to described the execution, also comprise:
Set up new storehouse, and copy the boot parameter of described kernel to new zone, make up the boot parameter of described new kernel.
In order to address the above problem, the present invention also provides a kind of device that restarts computing machine fast, and described device comprises bootstrap module, memory module, operating system closing module and load-on module; Wherein,
Described bootstrap module is used for loading guidance code after the order that receives restarting operating systems, and the indication memory module is preserved new kernel, and indicates described operating system closing module shutoff operation system; Described guidance code is a position-independence code, visits global variable with respect to current operation address;
Described memory module is used to preserve guidance code, and preserves described new kernel after the indication that receives described bootstrap module;
Described operating system closing module is carried out the shutoff operation system after being used to receive the instruction of shutoff operation system of described bootstrap module, and the described load-on module of back indication is finished;
Described load-on module after being used to receive the indication of described operating system closing module, is prepared new kernel information required when restarting, and described new kernel information comprises new kernel size and the physical address of inlet when carrying out at least; And call guidance code in the described memory module, and the porch that jumps to described guidance code imports described new kernel information into as parameter, the physical address of inlet is carried out described new kernel when jumping to described the execution then.
Further, said apparatus also has following characteristics:
Described load-on module jumps to described guidance code porch imports described new kernel information into as parameter after, and the physical address of inlet is carried out before the described new kernel when jumping to described the execution, also comprises:
The physical address of inlet when described guidance code backups to described the execution with copy mode with described new kernel information.
Further, said apparatus also has following characteristics:
Described new kernel information also comprises the current virtual address of new kernel, the virtual address and the memory management unit state that enter the mouth when carrying out;
When described memory management unit state when enabling, described load-on module jumps to described guidance code porch imports described new kernel information into as parameter after, the physical address of inlet is carried out before the described new kernel when jumping to described the execution, also comprises:
The virtual address of inlet when described guidance code backups to described the execution with copy mode with described new kernel information, and forbidding memory management unit function.
Further, said apparatus also has following characteristics:
Described new kernel information also comprises: the boot parameter of current inner;
Before the physical address of inlet was carried out described new kernel when described load-on module jumped to described the execution, also comprise:
Set up new storehouse, and copy the boot parameter of described current inner to new zone, make up the boot parameter of described new kernel.
The method of the kernel of said method and the direct load operation of device employing system, shortened the time of operating system off-line greatly, can be on the basis of stability that guarantees operating system and functional completeness, skip unnecessary setting up procedure, promptly can system not carried out built in self testing not to processor reset, the essential hardware that does not need the initialization periphery, thereby simplified the startup flow process, reduce start-up time, thereby realized restarting systems apace.In addition, and the mean free error time (Mean Time BetweenFailures, MTBF) etc. performance index also can increase along with the minimizing of system off-line time, and the service reliability of system also can improve greatly.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the process flow diagram that restarts computing machine fast of the embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 2 is the structure drawing of device that restarts computing machine fast of realizing the embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 3 be the present invention use example restart process flow diagram fast.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the embodiment of apparatus of the present invention and method is described in detail further.
The method that restarts computer system fast of present embodiment may further comprise the steps as shown in Figure 1:
(a) after computing machine receives the order of restarting operating systems, computing machine is preserved new kernel (restarting later operating system nucleus) and is loaded guidance code;
In order to simplify the process that restarts, system can be saved in new kernel among the RAM (as internal memory), can certainly be the position of other agreements.
Guidance code is used for copying and load new kernel when restarting operating systems; This guidance code does not use specific address to conduct interviews, and promptly with location independent, visits global variable and be to use with respect to current operation address.
This guidance code can be saved among the RAM with new kernel, can be saved in also that the mode with external module is loaded in the new kernel in the external module, does not need to be stored in one with new kernel.
(b) computing machine is carried out the shutoff operation systemic-function;
Existing restart procedure comprises that operating system closes and operating system two parts that reset, and the present invention only executive operating system closes, and does not reset and do not carry out operating system, so just can not reset to Advanced Program Zoom chip and house dog;
Wherein, comprise the operation of forbidding external interrupt in the shutoff operation systemic-function, thereby the institute after guaranteeing can carry out in proper order in steps, other branches do not occur;
In addition, owing to do not close the Advanced Program Zoom chip in this step, so the information of the new kernel preserved of step (a) can not lost.
Required new kernel information when (c) computing machine is prepared to restart;
Wherein, new kernel information comprises the physical address of inlet when new kernel is carried out, and can further include the boot parameter of the current virtual address of new kernel, the virtual address that enters the mouth when carrying out, memory management unit state, new kernel size and current inner etc.;
If the processor of computing machine does not have memory management unit (MMU), when perhaps not using the memory management unit function, new kernel information does not need to comprise the memory management unit state, the virtual address of inlet when new current virtual address of kernel and execution; The virtual address that enters the mouth during execution is to use before closing MMU, and the physical address that enters the mouth during execution uses after closing MMU.
(d) computing machine jumps to the porch of guidance code, and the new kernel information of collecting in the step (c) is imported into the inlet of guidance code as parameter;
Wherein, the inlet of guidance code is definite for operation system of computer;
The virtual address of inlet when (e) computing machine backs up new kernel information to execution with copy mode;
In this step, for fear of new kernel information because the inefficacy of operating system and destroyed, this step is optional; If system does not have the MMU function or MMU does not enable, backup to the physical address of inlet when carrying out herein.
(f) computing machine backups to the physical address that enters the mouth when carrying out with new kernel, handles significant data section such as bss section, and this step is optional;
If the memory management unit state representation has MMU and enabled, this step needs earlier new kernel to be backuped to the virtual address of inlet when carrying out, and forbids the memory management unit function then;
If processor does not have memory management unit, perhaps the memory management unit state representation bans use of, and need not to forbid the memory management unit function herein, and the physical address that directly new kernel is backuped to inlet when carrying out gets final product.
(g) computing machine is set up new storehouse, and copies the boot parameter of the current inner of backup in the step (d) to new zone, and handles according to the kernel demand, makes up the boot parameter of new kernel;
(h) computing machine jumps to the physical address place of inlet when carrying out, and new kernel begins to carry out, and start-up course finishes fast.
Correspondingly, present embodiment also provides a kind of a kind of device that restarts computing machine fast of realizing said method, and as shown in Figure 2, this device comprises bootstrap module, memory module, operating system closing module and load-on module; Wherein,
Bootstrap module is used for loading guidance code after the order that receives restarting operating systems, and the indication memory module is preserved new kernel, and indication operating system closing module shutoff operation system; The guidance code position-independence code visits global variable with respect to current operation address;
Memory module is used to preserve guidance code, and preserves new kernel after the indication that receives bootstrap module;
The operating system closing module is carried out the shutoff operation system after being used to receive the instruction of shutoff operation system of bootstrap module, and back indication load-on module is finished;
Load-on module, after being used to receive the indication of operating system closing module, required new kernel information when preparation is restarted, the physical address of inlet when new kernel information comprises new kernel size and execution at least, and call guidance code in the memory module, and the porch that jumps to guidance code imports new kernel information into as parameter, and the physical address that jumps to inlet when carrying out is then carried out new kernel.
Load-on module jumps to described guidance code porch imports described new kernel information into as parameter after, and the physical address of inlet is carried out before the described new kernel when jumping to described the execution, also comprises:
Guidance code backups to new kernel information the physical address that enters the mouth when carrying out with copy mode.
New kernel information also comprises the current virtual address of new kernel, the virtual address and the memory management unit state that enter the mouth when carrying out;
When the memory management unit state when enabling, load-on module jumps to the guidance code porch imports new kernel information into as parameter after, the physical address that jumps to inlet when carrying out is carried out before the new kernel, also comprises:
Guidance code backups to the virtual address that enters the mouth when carrying out with copy mode with new kernel information, and forbidding memory management unit function.
New kernel information also comprises: the boot parameter of current inner;
Before the physical address of inlet was carried out described new kernel when load-on module jumped to described the execution, also comprise:
Set up new storehouse, and according to the boot parameter of current inner, copy the boot parameter of current inner to new zone, make up the boot parameter of new kernel.
Below in conjunction with Fig. 3, introduce a process of using the quick restarting systems of example, wherein should have MMU, and MMU enables with the processor in the example.
Should be with in the example, guidance code is included in the current inner, and is position independent code, and the flow process that restarts fast afterwards may further comprise the steps:
Step 110 is loaded into code segment, data segment and other significant datas of new kernel file in the kernel spacing that can not be exchanged;
Wherein, the kernel spacing that can be exchanged is not: be set to the region of memory of the overall situation in MMU, can not lose efficacy in these zones, can not exchanged yet, and determined by operating system;
Exchange (swap), be often referred to the exchanges data of the virtual memory between internal memory and the hardware;
Since be not all information all be useful, be most important a part of data here, comprise code segment, data segment and bss section; Code segment refers to deposit the section of code; Data segment refers to deposit the section of initialization data; The bss section refers to deposit the section of no initializtion data;
Synchrodata is a kind of special case to disk in this step, and in order to improve execution speed, operating system is understood buffer memory part data usually, and operating system can write hard disk with it during shutdown system, to guarantee the integrality of data;
Step 150 jumps to the guidance code place and carries out;
Step 160 copies to boot code data section corresponding region with important information;
Wherein, important information comprises the virtual address of new kernel mirror image inlet, the start address of size, the bss section of the virtual address of inlet and physical address, new kernel mirror image and size, MMU state when carrying out, and restarts the virtual address of code and physical address etc. fast;
Step 170 copies new kernel mirror image to enter the mouth when carrying out virtual address place, determines the length of copy according to new kernel mirror image size;
Step 180 is carried out zero clearing according to the start address and the size of the bss section of new kernel mirror image to the bss section of new kernel mirror image;
Step 190 judges that the memory management unit state is an enabled state, closes memory management unit, guarantees that the memory management unit function is in closed condition;
Step 210 makes up the boot parameter of new kernel according to the boot parameter of current inner;
In addition, top application example is described just and is realized in fact according to a kind of of specific operation system and processor characteristic, but the present invention is not limited to this.
As mentioned above, restart flow process fast and do not utilize Advanced Program Zoom chip or watchdog chip to realize restarting of system, avoided unnecessary system bootstrap process, thereby accelerated the process of system restart.
Obviously, the present invention is not limited to above-mentioned example, can change and changes according to the demand of reality, and not depart from the scope of the present invention and main idea.
Claims (10)
1. one kind is restarted computer method fast, comprising:
Receive the order of restarting operating systems when described computing machine after, described computing machine is preserved new kernel and is loaded guidance code; Described guidance code is a position-independence code, visits global variable with respect to current operation address;
Described computing machine is carried out the shutoff operation system;
Required new kernel information when described computing machine is prepared to restart comprises new kernel size and the physical address of inlet when carrying out at least;
Described computing machine jumps to described guidance code porch described new kernel information is imported into as parameter;
The physical address of inlet was carried out described new kernel when described computing machine jumped to described the execution, and start-up course finishes fast.
2. the method for claim 1 is characterized in that:
Described computing machine is saved in described new kernel among the RAM, is saved in described guidance code among the RAM or in the external module.
3. the method for claim 1 is characterized in that:
Described computing machine jumps to described guidance code porch imports described new kernel information into as parameter after, and the physical address of inlet is carried out before the described new kernel when jumping to described the execution, also comprises:
The physical address of inlet when described guidance code backups to described the execution with copy mode with described new kernel information.
4. the method for claim 1 is characterized in that:
Described new kernel information also comprises the current virtual address of new kernel, the virtual address and the memory management unit state that enter the mouth when carrying out;
When described memory management unit state when enabling, described computing machine jumps to described guidance code porch imports described new kernel information into as parameter after, the physical address of inlet is carried out before the described new kernel when jumping to described the execution, also comprises:
The virtual address of inlet when described guidance code backups to described the execution with copy mode with described new kernel information, and forbidding memory management unit function.
5. as claim 3 or 4 described methods, it is characterized in that:
After described guidance code backs up described new kernel information with copy mode, handle the significant data section, comprise code segment, data segment and bss section.
6. method as claimed in claim 1 or 2 is characterized in that:
Described new kernel information also comprises: the boot parameter of current inner;
Before the physical address of inlet was carried out described new kernel when described computing machine jumped to described the execution, also comprise:
Set up new storehouse, and copy the boot parameter of described kernel to new zone, make up the boot parameter of described new kernel.
7. a device that restarts computing machine fast is characterized in that, described device comprises bootstrap module, memory module, operating system closing module and load-on module; Wherein,
Described bootstrap module is used for loading guidance code after the order that receives restarting operating systems, and the indication memory module is preserved new kernel, and indicates described operating system closing module shutoff operation system; Described guidance code is a position-independence code, visits global variable with respect to current operation address;
Described memory module is used to preserve guidance code, and preserves described new kernel after the indication that receives described bootstrap module;
Described operating system closing module is carried out the shutoff operation system after being used to receive the instruction of shutoff operation system of described bootstrap module, and the described load-on module of back indication is finished;
Described load-on module after being used to receive the indication of described operating system closing module, is prepared new kernel information required when restarting, and described new kernel information comprises new kernel size and the physical address of inlet when carrying out at least; And call guidance code in the described memory module, and the porch that jumps to described guidance code imports described new kernel information into as parameter, the physical address of inlet is carried out described new kernel when jumping to described the execution then.
8. device as claimed in claim 7 is characterized in that:
Described load-on module jumps to described guidance code porch imports described new kernel information into as parameter after, and the physical address of inlet is carried out before the described new kernel when jumping to described the execution, also comprises:
The physical address of inlet when described guidance code backups to described the execution with copy mode with described new kernel information.
9. device as claimed in claim 7 is characterized in that:
Described new kernel information also comprises the current virtual address of new kernel, the virtual address and the memory management unit state that enter the mouth when carrying out;
When described memory management unit state when enabling, described load-on module jumps to described guidance code porch imports described new kernel information into as parameter after, the physical address of inlet is carried out before the described new kernel when jumping to described the execution, also comprises:
The virtual address of inlet when described guidance code backups to described the execution with copy mode with described new kernel information, and forbidding memory management unit function.
10. as claim 7 or 8 or 9 described methods, it is characterized in that:
Described new kernel information also comprises: the boot parameter of current inner;
Before the physical address of inlet was carried out described new kernel when described load-on module jumped to described the execution, also comprise:
Set up new storehouse, and copy the boot parameter of described current inner to new zone, make up the boot parameter of described new kernel.
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| WO2016101519A1 (en) * | 2014-12-26 | 2016-06-30 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | Method and device for realizing restart of operating system |
| WO2017166447A1 (en) * | 2016-03-30 | 2017-10-05 | 百度在线网络技术（北京）有限公司 | Method and device for loading kernel module |
| CN115292721A (en) * | 2022-10-09 | 2022-11-04 | 北京麟卓信息科技有限公司 | Starting method for adapting to multiple Linux kernels in android compatible environment |
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| WO2016101519A1 (en) * | 2014-12-26 | 2016-06-30 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | Method and device for realizing restart of operating system |
| CN105786547A (en) * | 2014-12-26 | 2016-07-20 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | Operation system restarting method and apparatus |
| WO2017166447A1 (en) * | 2016-03-30 | 2017-10-05 | 百度在线网络技术（北京）有限公司 | Method and device for loading kernel module |
| CN115292721A (en) * | 2022-10-09 | 2022-11-04 | 北京麟卓信息科技有限公司 | Starting method for adapting to multiple Linux kernels in android compatible environment |
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Application publication date: 20110413 |