CN102011546A - Large-diameter engineering well holing construction method in super-thick pebble formation - Google Patents
Large-diameter engineering well holing construction method in super-thick pebble formation Download PDFInfo
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- CN102011546A CN102011546A CN2010105395521A CN201010539552A CN102011546A CN 102011546 A CN102011546 A CN 102011546A CN 2010105395521 A CN2010105395521 A CN 2010105395521A CN 201010539552 A CN201010539552 A CN 201010539552A CN 102011546 A CN102011546 A CN 102011546A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a large-diameter engineering well holing construction method in super-thick pebble formation. The method comprises the following steps of: (1) protecting a wall by using slurry, and drilling a front guide hole by using a slewing drilling machine; (2) after the slewing drilling machine drills through the bottom of the pebble formation, and replacing a bit to perform ream drilling; (3) filling fallen pebbles and drilling slag obtained through ream drilling into the front guide hole and lifting the bit; (4) manufacturing a grabbing awl; (5) mounting a derrick and the grabbing awl in place to perform grabbing and drilling; and (6)grabbing the pebbles out of the holes by using the grabbing awl, and normally drilling by using the slewing drilling machine so as to form a hole. By combining slewing drilling machine drilling and holing technology with grabbing awl grabbing and holing technology, the problem of holing in a formation containing pebbles with the diameter of over 1m in the large-diameter engineering well construction can be solved. In the method, degree of mechanization and automation is high, construction progress is fast, the well completion period is short and a drilling tool is slightly abraded, and the engineering cost is effectively reduced; and compared with that of the traditional process, the holing speed of the pebble formation can be improved by over 30 percent.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind ofly, belong to the construction technical field of construction in the huge thick major diameter engineering well drilling construction method in the pebble layer of floating.
Background technology
At present, the job practices that domestic major diameter engineering well floats boulder bed mainly adopts two kinds of methods: the one, adopt the major works rig, utilize roller cutter bit or drag bit to creep into and float boulder bed, float during the construction of this method cobble with drill bit in the hole, roll, slippage, floating cobble is difficult for broken, situations such as bit bouncing appear, drilling efficiency is low, and, increase engineering cost, simultaneously to the drilling tool serious wear, because the erratic boulder particle diameter is bigger, can not in time in the hole, discharge, cause piling up the increasing large diameter cobble that floats in the hole, make boring difficulty more; The 2nd, adopt freezing, this method needs artificial underground work, and operating condition is poor, and security risk is big, and required electric power, energy consumption are higher.In addition, float boulder bed and mostly be and be rich in water layer, be unfavorable for using this method.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind ofly, overcome that the prior art pore-forming efficiency is low, the deficiency of drilling tool serious wear, avoid personnel's underground work simultaneously, guaranteed construction safety in the huge thick major diameter engineering well drilling construction method in the pebble layer of floating.
Design of the present invention is such; The present invention utilizes the slewing drilling machine drilling process, uses to dash to grab to bore to grasp and floats the cobble drilling depth and finish the huge thick pore-forming that floats boulder bed of major diameter engineering well.
Particularly, the present invention is said thickly floats that major diameter engineering well drilling construction method may further comprise the steps in the pebble layer huge:
(1) utilize mud off, slewing drilling machine carries out leading hole drill and advances;
(2) leading hole drill advances to pass to float cobble at the end layer by layer, and more bit change carries out reaming and creeps into;
(3) preceding guide hole is crept into floating of dropping by reaming and carries brill after cobble and boring mud fill up;
(4) make towards grabbing awl;
(5) install derrick, dash and grab awl, dash and grab pore-forming;
(6) use to dash and to grab awl, utilize slewing drilling machine normally to creep into, finish to pore-forming after erratic boulder is grabbed out in the hole.
Among the present invention, leading bore dia is a bit larger tham to dash grabs the effective working diameter of awl.
Technological principle of the present invention: the present invention utilizes slewing drilling machine mud off, the anti-deslagging drilling and forming hole that circulates, carrying out leading hole drill earlier advances, be drilled into and float at the bottom of the pebble layer layer, use reaming bit to carry out reaming then, the cobble that floats that can't be broken is fallen in the preceding guide hole, utilize again and grab awl with dashing of being complementary of bore diameter and dash and grab pore-forming, the cobble of falling in the preceding guide hole that floats is grabbed out.
Work progress of the present invention is described in detail as follows:
Accompanying drawing 1 is seen in technological process.The interior flow process of frame of broken lines is for repeating the part of constructing among Fig. 1.
Key points for operation are as follows:
(1) boring main points
When selecting, rig mainly considers moment of torsion and hoisting power, general requirements rig moment of torsion＞100KNM, hoisting power＞1200KN.Determine the fore shaft diameter and the degree of depth according to bore diameter and the native situation of table, general fore shaft internal diameter should be greater than bore diameter 20～40cm, the fore shaft degree of depth is 2.0～3.0m, fore shaft can adopt brick or concrete pouring construction, when table soil is layer of sand, can adopt concrete casting to build up integral body fore shaft and rig basis.The rig basis should be according to borer chassis size and movement requirement construction.Excavate mud pit respectively around every mouthful of vertical shaft, the volume of mud pit is not less than the boring volume, and mud pit should divide and is set as 2～3 sedimentation basins, circulatory pool, with guarantee to bore quarrel fully precipitation and premium mud creep into circulation.Adopt water, swell soil and Admixture to prepare mud, its proportioning is a water: swell soil: soda ash: PAM=1000: 80～100: 4～6: 0.1～0.2.The performance indications of preparation mud are: viscosity 20～24s, proportion 1.03～1.08, pH value 8～10, sand factor≤0.5%, colloidity 〉=98%, fluid loss≤15ml/30min, mudcake thickness＜1.5mm/30min.Mud is prepared in the mud agitator of special use, and the mud mixing speed is fast, and preparation evenly at first adds entry according to proportioning during preparation, adds swell soil, soda ash, PAM then, deposits in the pulp storage tank after preparing.Rig marks the well location center before in place on fore shaft, should adjust the borer chassis level that makes after in place,
And guaranteeing drill power head center and wellhole center on same plumb line, its deviation must not be greater than 10mm.Earlier equipment is carried out Installation and Debugging before spudding in, machinery is carried out detailed inspection and lubricating maintenance, guarantee that equipment keeps good working order.
Carry out leading hole drill when advancing, bore diameter is generally less than 3.5m, and concrete diameter can be grabbed the effective radius of clean-up of awl and determines according to dashing.Leading bore dia is a bit larger tham to dash grabs the effective working diameter of awl.Utilize mud off, slewing drilling machine carries out leading hole drill and advances, and boring radius is not more than to dash grabs the effective radius of clean-up of awl.When floating boulder bed and creep into, use roller cutter bit.The perforate stage, adopt low pressure, slow-speed, the direct circulation deslagging creeps into, and when hole depth satisfies the gaslift sinking when requiring, should use the anti-deslagging that circulates of gaslift instead and creep into.At any time note in the drilling process observing rig service behavior and deslagging situation, in time adjust drilling parameter.The flushing dose of mud at first need satisfy the requirement of mud upward velocity in drilling rod, and the upward velocity of mud in drilling rod generally got V=2～3m/s.
Bore operation is answered points for attention: 1) drillng operation should carry out continuously, when rig downtime is longer, and regular circulating mud.Boring procedure should often detect the drilling mud index, adjusts at any time.2) in the time of need installing drilling rod additional in the drilling process, should stop drilling depth earlier, and slow rotary drilling bits, keep more than the mud circulation 5min, shutdown adds stacks then; During stacks connecting bolt must tighten the jail and guarantee stressed evenly, added air channel and drilling rod sealing ring, gas leakage in case tool joint is leaked.3) should make every effort to during the lifting drilling tool steadily, must prevent drilling tool collision fore shaft, hole wall or hook fore shaft bottom.When 4) creeping into, the mud liquid level in the well should be higher than more than the local hydrostatic level 2m all the time.As when being difficult to reach requirement, can set up drilling platform, to improve liquid level in the well.5) when floating the boulder bed lose returns when comparatively serious, should in mud, add inert materials such as sawdust, rice husk, suitably improve the viscosity and the sand factor of mud, to carry out leak stopping.6) when find that the rig running is undesired, deslagging occurs unusually, and equipment fault perhaps takes place, and should in time stop to bore, and lifts from drilling tool more than the 2m of shaft bottom or directly proposes well head according to different situations, adopt an effective measure and handle.Boring procedure should utilize the ultrasonic wave logging instrument to carry out deviational survey according to strata condition, according to the deviational survey result, should be at different abnormal conditions, and analysis produces the reason of abnormal conditions and handles.
(2) rack making main points
Support is support to dash to grab awl and grab weight such as soil and wire rope and hang to dash and grab the awl detaching/attaching device and realize unloading the vitals of native function.Realize unloading the required safe altitude of native function according to the specification of drilling well fore shaft with towards grabbing awl, the technical data of support is as shown in table 1.
Table 1 support technology parameter
Grab technological requirement according to dashing, from shaft bottom 2～3m the time, realize the automatic shunting acceleration shock towards grabbing awl.Grab the awl pulley system and add depth measurement device promote dashing, control is dashed and is grabbed awl transfer the degree of depth in well.Grab the safety of awl in lifting process for guaranteeing to dash, promote stop towards grabbing awl in a top of the trellis setting.Dash to grab and rise chute by secondary hoist engine after awl rises to well head, the cobble that floats that grasps is put into chute and transported out of well head.
(3) make main points towards grabbing awl
Dash grab awl structural relation to realizing towards grabbing technology.To grab object be the actual features that big particle diameter floats cobble according to dashing, and grabs easier the entering of lobe and float in the boulder bed for making, and the grab bucket part is six and forms the reverse taper pattern after grabbing the lobe closure.For reducing the resistance that produces when mud moves up and down to cone, the grab bucket body adopts unenclosed construction.Dash grab wimble fraction mainly by detaching/attaching device assembly, switching mechanism, pulley force-increasing mechanism, grab lobe and linkage etc. and partly form, as shown in Figure 2, dash and to grab wimble structure and operating principle is: dash and grab awl and grab lobe 7 open-shaped attitudes, with a certain distance from the bottom of the hole time in the freely falling body mode, deadweight impact by cone 4 enters in the ground of stratum, cone switching mechanism 3 is opened, and carries by wire rope and draws mechanism 1 and make pulley force-increasing mechanism 5 drive assembly pulleys and linkage 6 interlocks, grabs lobe 7 and grabs soil and close up.Dash and to grab awl when being promoted to the face of land, open the hanger casting mechanism of grab bucket, make and grab lobe 7 and open and unload soil by the detaching/attaching device 2 that is suspended on crown.Repeat next round trip.
(4) hoist engine is made main points
Hoist engine is to promote, transfer to dash and grab awl and realize dashing the power section of grabbing function.According to grabbing parameters such as awl hoisting velocity towards grabbing awl maximum weight and definite dashing together with wire rope when grabbing full bucket.According to towards the degree of depth, guarantee to dash and grab effect.Require elevator to grab awl and realize dashing the requirement of grabbing technology, dash and to grab awl and grab lobe and enter and float boulder bed certain acceleration will be arranged, just can make and grab lobe and under the effect of impact force, enter certain confidential in stratum and have the automatic shunting function could realize dashing to grab the awl acceleration and transfer, hoist engine is provided with a pair of gear drive that can open and close specially, using hydraulic thrust brake and hydraulic tongs disk brake is used, can realize the automatic shunting function of reel, satisfy to dash and grab awl acceleration impact requirement.
The beneficial effect that the present invention obtains is:
1, can solve in the construction of major diameter engineering well, contain the huge thick pore-forming problem of floating pebble layer that diameter surpasses 1m.2, construction speed is fast, becomes the well cycle short, the economic benefit height.Compare with traditional handicraft, can improve more than 30% floating the pebble layer speed of fulfiling hole.3, mechanization and automaticity height overcome the shortcoming of personnel's underground work.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a process chart of the present invention, and the interior flow process of frame of broken lines is for repeating the part of constructing among the figure.
Fig. 2 dashes to grab the wimble structure schematic diagram.
Label declaration among Fig. 2:
1, wire rope is carried and is drawn mechanism 2, cone hanger casting mechanism 3, cone switching mechanism 4, cone 5, pulley force-increasing mechanism 6, linkage 7, grabs lobe.
Fig. 3 dashes to grab awl towards grabbing process schematic representation.
Label declaration among Fig. 3:
8, unload earthy attitude 9, derrick 10, control chute hoist engine 11, chute 12, secondary reaming 13, one-level reaming 14, preceding guide hole 15, bore seized condition 16, control to dash and grab the awl hoist engine towards grabbing awl towards grabbing.
The specific embodiment
Following examples are used to illustrate the present invention.
Embodiment 1
Zunhua Wen Jiazhuan iron ore work shaft bore diameter 8.3m, depth of pore forming 285m.For floating boulder bed, maximum visible particle diameter is 102cm (drill bit is carried into the face of land when carrying brill), is generally 20～80cm at 231.6～251.0m, and the main component of floating cobble is a quartzite, and intensity is high, and extremely difficult broken, local interval is the cohesive soil filling.
This layer employing AD-60 type rig carries out leading hole drill and advances, and the rig important technological parameters sees Table 2.Bore diameter 3.5m, drilling depth is to 285m.Before change φ 6.3m drill bit behind the whole hole of guide hole and carry out the one-level reaming, with the part boring mud and before floating cobble and falling in the guide hole.Carry brill after preceding guide hole fills up rig is moved apart the aperture, install then to dash and grab the awl support.The technical data of support sees Table 3.Will be in place after support installs towards grabbing awl and hoist engine.According to grabbing parameters such as awl hoisting velocity towards grabbing awl maximum weight and definite dashing together with wire rope when grabbing full bucket, select JK-150 type hoist engine for use, its technical data is as shown in table 4.Dash to grab to bore and select for use effluent north construction prospecting academy Co., Ltd and China Geology Academy of Science and Technologys Exploration Technology Research Institute to research and develop jointly, the CZ-2000 type that China Geology Academy of Science and Technologys Exploration Technology Research Institute manufactures is towards grabbing awl, and technical data is as shown in table 5.Hoist engine and dash grab the awl debugging good after, dash and grab pore-forming.
Table 2 AD-60 type rig important technological parameters
Table 3 derrick technical data
Table 4JK150 type hoist engine technical data
Table 5 CZ-2000 type dashes grabs the awl technical data
Dash and grab the awl concrete structure as shown in Figure 2, dash and grab mode as shown in Figure 3.Dash and to grab awl awl lobe and open to enter and float certain depth in the pebble layer with freely falling body mode acceleration shock, dash to grab to bore and be in seized condition 15, carry by hoist engine 16 and to draw wire rope and make and grab lobe and close to close to grasp and float cobble and be promoted to the face of land, towards grabbing the detaching/attaching device realization extension holder that awl mushroom head enters crown, hoist engine 16 control wire rope loosen to make grabs lobe and opens to and unload earthy attitude 8, realizes that by 11 upsets of hoist engine 10 control chutes will grab soil transports out of well head.Boom hoist cable breaks away from cone and detaching/attaching device, and the awl lobe is opened to dash to grab to bore and transferred, and finishes a round trip towards grabbing.
Floating after cobble grabs out of the big particle diameter in top layer, shaft bottom, re-use the anti-slewing drilling machine drilling process that circulates of gaslift, carry out short grained ovum gravel by mud circulation and finish drilling depth.When the cobble that floats that meets big particle diameter dashes and grabs, two kinds of technologies hocket, and remove and fall into the boring mud in the leading hole and float cobble, and slewing drilling machine normally creeps into again at last.
Claims (2)
1. one kind in the huge thick major diameter engineering well drilling construction method in the pebble layer of floating, and it is characterized in that comprising the steps:
(1) utilize mud off, slewing drilling machine carries out leading hole drill earlier and advances;
(2) leading hole drill advances to pass to float cobble at the end layer by layer, and more bit change carries out reaming and creeps into;
(3) preceding guide hole is crept into floating of dropping by reaming and carries brill after cobble and boring mud fill up;
(4) make towards grabbing awl;
(5) install derrick, dash and grab awl, dash and grab pore-forming;
(6) utilize to dash and to grab awl, utilize slewing drilling machine normally to creep into, finish to pore-forming after erratic boulder is grabbed out in the hole.
2. according to claim 1 in the huge thick major diameter engineering well drilling construction method in the pebble layer of floating, it is characterized in that: leading bore dia is a bit larger tham to dash grabs the effective working diameter of awl.
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| CN2010105395521A CN102011546A (en) | 2010-11-11 | 2010-11-11 | Large-diameter engineering well holing construction method in super-thick pebble formation |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102644275A (en) * | 2012-05-22 | 2012-08-22 | 中国建筑第二工程局有限公司 | Rotary-digging combined pile-forming construction method in complicated geological conditions |
| CN103114805A (en) * | 2013-03-19 | 2013-05-22 | 天津开发区三友新科技开发有限公司 | Drilling and reaming dual-purpose drilling tool and construction method thereof |
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| CN101029559A (en) * | 2007-04-13 | 2007-09-05 | 中国京冶工程技术有限公司 | Long-spiral replaceable and extruded borehole construction |
| CN101280561A (en) * | 2008-03-10 | 2008-10-08 | 河南六建建筑集团有限公司 | Method for making composite type pile body suitable for special formation |
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2010
- 2010-11-11 CN CN2010105395521A patent/CN102011546A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
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| US3908771A (en) * | 1974-03-01 | 1975-09-30 | Wylie P Garrett | Drill collar incorporating device for jetting drilling fluid transversely into bore hole |
| JPH0359290A (en) * | 1989-07-26 | 1991-03-14 | Shin Gijutsu Koei Kk | Drilling method for large-diameter underground hole |
| CN1074504A (en) * | 1992-09-25 | 1993-07-21 | 河北华兴基础公司 | Turriform awl, hand basket method pore-forming technique in boulder bed |
| CN101029559A (en) * | 2007-04-13 | 2007-09-05 | 中国京冶工程技术有限公司 | Long-spiral replaceable and extruded borehole construction |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102644275A (en) * | 2012-05-22 | 2012-08-22 | 中国建筑第二工程局有限公司 | Rotary-digging combined pile-forming construction method in complicated geological conditions |
| CN103114805A (en) * | 2013-03-19 | 2013-05-22 | 天津开发区三友新科技开发有限公司 | Drilling and reaming dual-purpose drilling tool and construction method thereof |
| CN103114805B (en) * | 2013-03-19 | 2014-10-29 | 天津开发区三友新科技开发有限公司 | Drilling and reaming dual-purpose drilling tool and construction method thereof |
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Application publication date: 20110413 |