CN102005843B - Brushless double-fed wind driven generator and method for controlling brushless double-fed wind driven generating system - Google Patents
Brushless double-fed wind driven generator and method for controlling brushless double-fed wind driven generating system Download PDFInfo
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- CN102005843B CN102005843B CN2010105516102A CN201010551610A CN102005843B CN 102005843 B CN102005843 B CN 102005843B CN 2010105516102 A CN2010105516102 A CN 2010105516102A CN 201010551610 A CN201010551610 A CN 201010551610A CN 102005843 B CN102005843 B CN 102005843B
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Abstract
The invention relates to a brushless double-fed generator. In the generator, the number of the pole pairs of a power winding and the pole pair number of a control winding on a stator are pp and pc; a hybrid rotor is positioned in the stator and has pp+pc salient poles, a plurality of gaps are formed on each salient pole, a conducting wire is arranged in each gap, and end parts of the conducting wires in the adjacent gaps are subjected to short-circuiting to form a concentric type coil. A method for controlling brushless double-fed wind driven generating system comprises the following steps that: in an excitation control mode, a method of direct torque control is adopted; and in a method of speed observation, the rotate speed of the generator is measured by utilizing a formula, namely omega r=omegae+omegas1. In the brushless double-fed generator disclosed by the invention, compared with the conventional magnetic resistance rotor and the cage type rotor, a novel structure of the hybrid rotor formed by combining the conventional magnetic resistance rotor and the cage type rotor has the excellent performance. In the excitation control mode, the brushless double-fed wind driven generator is suitable for the wicked wind-site environment and has the excellent tracking response capacity of maximum power by adopting the direct torque control strategy and combining the technology of sensorless control.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to wind generator system, be specifically related to have the direct Torque Control of the brushless dual-feedback wind power generator of mixed rotor structure.
Background technology
In recent years, brushless double feed generator has obtained the extensive concern of Chinese scholars in the variable-speed constant-frequency wind power generation field with himself advantage.But, because the stator of brushless double feed generator has the different winding of two cover numbers of poles, its internal magnetic field relation is complicated more a lot of than conventional induction generator, therefore how it is control effectively and become difficult point and the hot issue that needs to be resolved hurrily in the variable speed constant frequency brushless double feed wind power generation field, especially one of key problem of wind turbine generator control---maximal power tracing problem is to improve wind power generation efficiency.At present, Chinese scholars is studied mainly to concentrate on to the power control of brushless dual-feedback wind power generator and is adopted power winding magnetic field directional vector control method that active power and the reactive power of generator are carried out decoupling zero, realizes maximal power tracing by independent control active power and reactive power.But vector control need to be carried out coordinate transform, and amount of calculation is large, and is subject to the impact that generator parameter changes, and this greatly reduces the robustness of system.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to the brushless double feed generator with mixed rotor structure, a kind of excitation system based on the Speedless sensor direct torque control is provided, the robustness of enhancing system, make brushless dual-feedback wind power generator more be applicable to abominable wind field environment, and have good maximal power tracing responding ability.
Technical scheme of the present invention is:
Brushless double feed generator comprises stator and rotor, it is characterized in that: embed double winding on the stator, namely the power winding and control winding, number of pole-pairs is respectively
p pWith
p cRotor is mixed rotor, is positioned at stator interior; Have at mixed rotor
p p+
p cIndividual salient pole, on each salient pole along rotating shaft a plurality of slits are axially arranged, wire and NULL embed in the adjacent slits of salient pole, and the wire termination short circuit in the salient pole adjacent slits, consist of concentric coil.
Number of stator slots is 72 grooves.
The number of poles of stator power winding and control winding is respectively 12 utmost points and 8 utmost points, and is double-deck short distance winding, namely groove is embedded four layers of winding, and the power winding is at the top, and the control winding is in the bottom.
The air gap of stator is 0.5mm.
The NULL number of plies in the salient pole adjacent slits is 1 ~ 4 layer.
Brushless double feed wind generator system control method is characterized in that: described method comprises:
(1) the excitation control mode adopts the Speedless sensor Direct Torque Control, regulates its active power by torque and the power factor of control brushless double feed generator; Change according to wind speed, with the speed preset of the corresponding optimum speed value of the absorption maximum power points on the wind energy conversion system performance curve as direct torque control, and then it is given to obtain torque; Flux linkage set then adopts the maximum power factor principle, makes power factor be tending towards as far as possible 1, and the reactive power that flows through power winding side is gone to zero; At this moment, the flux linkage set of control winding is:
In the formula,
pBe number of pole-pairs;
LBe self-induction;
MBe mutual inductance;
ΨBe magnetic linkage;
T eBe total electromagnetic torque; Subscript
pExpression power winding; Subscript
cExpression control winding; Subscript
dThe expression corresponding amount
dThe axle component, subscript
qThe expression corresponding amount
qThe axle component; Subscript * represents the set-point of corresponding amount;
(2) the speed observation procedure be with the two-phase rest frame as the reference coordinate system, at first calculate rotor flux synchronous rotary speed
ω eAnd slip speed
ω Sl,
ω eWith
ω SlCalculating formula be respectively:
Recycling
ω r=
ω e+
ω SlRelation is surveyed generator speed.
The mixed rotor new structure that brushless dual-feedback wind power generator disclosed by the invention adopts traditional magnetic resistance and cage-type rotor to combine has more excellent performance than traditional reluctance rotor and cage-type rotor.The excitation control mode adopts Strategy of Direct Torque Control, and in conjunction with the Speedless sensor control technology, makes brushless dual-feedback wind power generator more be applicable to abominable wind field environment, and has good maximal power tracing responding ability.
Description of drawings:
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of brushless double feed wind generator system;
Fig. 2 is the principle schematic of speed sensorless direct torque control system;
Fig. 3 is the brushless dual-feedback wind power generator schematic diagram;
Description of reference numerals:
1. wind energy conversion system; 2. brushless dual-feedback wind power generator; 3. transformer; 4. wind energy conversion system performance curve; 5. stator; 6. mixed rotor; 7. concentric coil; 8. rotating shaft; 9. every magnetosphere.
Embodiment:
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the present invention is specifically described:
The structural representation of Fig. 1 brushless double feed wind generator system, as shown in the figure, wind energy conversion system 1 connects brushless dual-feedback wind power generator by gearbox, brushless dual-feedback wind power generator connects respectively load and two-way PWM frequency converter, load connects electrical network, and two-way PWM frequency converter also is connected with electrical network by transformer; Two-way PWM frequency converter also connects the upper control system, and upper control system one end connects the voltage and current signal checkout gear, and the other end connects man-machine interface.
Fig. 2 is respectively the structure composition of brushless double feed wind generator system and the schematic diagram of exciter control system thereof, wherein,
vBe wind speed;
P mBe the generator absorbed power;
PfBe power factor; Subscript ^ represents the estimated value of corresponding amount.
Because the direct torque control theory is based upon in the static reference frame of two-phase, so the present invention will be based on the rotor speed of brushless dual-feed motor
DqNumber of axle model inference goes out the Mathematical Modeling of mixed rotor type brushless dual-feedback wind power generator in the static reference frame of two-phase, and the result is as follows:
The voltage of power winding and magnetic linkage equation:
Voltage and the magnetic linkage equation of control winding:
The voltage of rotor winding and magnetic linkage equation:
The electromagnetic torque equation:
(4)
Power equation:
In the formula,
uBe voltage;
iBe electric current;
ΨBe magnetic linkage;
RBe resistance;
LBe self-induction;
MBe mutual inductance;
ω rBe generator speed;
θ rBe the generator amature angle of displacement;
T eBe total electromagnetic torque;
PBe active power;
QBe reactive power; Subscript
pExpression power winding; Subscript
cExpression control winding; Subscript
rThe expression rotor; Subscript
sBe illustrated in the two-phase rest frame; Subscript
dThe expression corresponding amount
dThe axle component, subscript
qThe expression corresponding amount
qThe axle component.
For the brushless double feed wind generator system, the excitation control mode adopts Direct Torque Control.According to wind energy conversion system performance curve 4 as can be known, has one-to-one relationship between generator absorption maximum power and the rotating speed, namely in the certain situation of wind speed, the corresponding generator speed value of an absorption maximum power points is arranged on every wind energy conversion system performance curve, this tachometer value is made as generator optimum speed value.The present invention utilizes this relation exactly, change according to wind speed, with the speed preset of the corresponding tachometer value of absorption maximum power points on these curves as direct torque control, and then it is given to obtain torque, that is to say, from the angle of controlling torque, as long as make the rapidly and accurately tracing preset torque of actual torque of generator, can obtain absorption maximum power.
Flux linkage set then adopts the maximum power factor principle, and this is that power factor is very important performance index, its set-point because in wind generator system
Pf * Be to be determined by the required actual value of electrical network, for improving generating efficiency, improving the quality of power supply, often improve the power factor of wind generator system by reactive-load compensation method, make it be tending towards as far as possible 1, the reactive power that flows through like this power winding side will go to zero.At this moment, the flux linkage set of control winding is
(6)
In the formula, subscript * represents the set-point of corresponding amount.
In direct torque control, photoelectric pulse coder or tachogenerator are adopted in the detection of velocity feedback quantity more, but will increase cost and the complexity of system at generator end installation rate transducer, the reliability of reduction system, make system should not be used for abominable operational environment, this and brushless double feed generator are removed the purpose of brush and slip ring and are disagreed.The present invention is directed to the internal magnetic field relation of mixed rotor type brushless double feed generator complexity, derive a kind of new speed observation procedure, utilize
ω r=
ω e+
ω SlRelation is by estimation rotor flux synchronous rotary speed
ω eAnd slip speed
ω SlEstimate generator speed.The control of realization Speedless sensor is of great significance improving system reliability and environmental suitability tool.
Rotor flux synchronous rotary speed
ω eAnd slip speed
ω SlThe estimation formula be respectively:
Can be found out that by formula (8) slip speed is estimated and load
R rRelevant, so that the process of estimation slip speed will be subject to the impact that parameter changes, the robustness that this greatly reduces speed observer makes it can not estimate rapidly and accurately the rotating speed of generator in the situation of load variations.Therefore, in the estimation process of slip speed, introduced fuzzy control, design the slip speed Fuzzy Observer, the robustness of Speedless sensor control system makes it can not estimate rapidly and accurately the rotating speed of generator in the situation of load variations during with the raising load variations.
Fig. 3 is the brushless dual-feedback wind power generator schematic diagram, as shown in the figure, the groove number of stator 5 is 72 grooves, and air gap is 0.5mm, embeds double winding on the stator 5, be power winding and control winding, number of pole-pairs is respectively 12 utmost points and 8 utmost points, and is double-deck short distance winding, namely groove is embedded four layers of winding, the power winding is at the top, and the control winding is in the bottom.
Rotor adopts mixed rotor 6, is positioned at stator 5 inside; At mixed rotor 68 salient poles of 12+ are arranged, along rotating shaft 8 on each salient pole a plurality of slits are arranged axially, wire embeds in the adjacent slits of salient pole, then filling NULL consists of every magnetosphere 9, play on the one hand the restriction magnetic flux according to the effect of the path circulation of hope every magnetosphere 9, can also dispel the heat on the other hand.With the wire termination short circuit in the salient pole adjacent slits, consist of concentric coil 7.In fact the concentric coil 7 that embeds has consisted of cage type rotor structure, so just consisted of the mixed rotor structure based on magnetic resistance and cage-type rotor combination, this structure has reluctance rotor and cage-type rotor denominator and advantage, can improve rotor to the magnetic field modulation ability of air gap, realize efficiently the number of poles transformation of these motor two cover stator winding, improve the runnability of motor.Added in the salient pole of such rotor can be 1 ~ 4 every the magnetosphere number range, when the brushless double feed generator number of poles increases, will suitably reduce every the magnetosphere number.
Adopt the brushless dual-feedback wind power generator of this novel mixed rotor structure to have following features: simply be easy on the structure realize, brushless reliable; The number of poles transfer capability of generator is greatly improved, and the magnetic field modulation effect improves a lot than existing such generator, and the efficient of generator is improved, and volume is with reduced; The multipole number design of the easier realization of such rotor generator, and have better coupling performance and operation stability when several multipole.The version of mixed rotor has overcome the inefficient problem of brushless double feed generator, and is easy to realize in technique.
Claims (1)
1. brushless double feed wind generator system control method, it is characterized in that: described method comprises:
(1) the excitation control mode adopts the Speedless sensor Direct Torque Control, regulates its active power by torque and the power factor of control brushless double feed generator; Change according to wind speed, with the speed preset of the corresponding optimum speed value of the absorption maximum power points on the wind energy conversion system performance curve as direct torque control, and then it is given to obtain torque; Flux linkage set then adopts the maximum power factor principle, makes power factor be tending towards as far as possible 1, and the reactive power that flows through power winding side is gone to zero; At this moment, the flux linkage set of control winding is:
In the formula,
pBe number of pole-pairs;
LBe self-induction;
MBe mutual inductance;
ΨBe magnetic linkage;
T eBe total electromagnetic torque; Subscript
pExpression power winding; Subscript
cExpression control winding; Subscript
dThe expression corresponding amount
dThe axle component, subscript
qThe expression corresponding amount
qThe axle component; Subscript * represents the set-point of corresponding amount;
(2) the speed observation procedure be with the two-phase rest frame as the reference coordinate system, at first calculate rotor flux synchronous rotary speed
ω eAnd slip speed
ω Sl,
ω eWith
ω SlCalculating formula be respectively:
Recycling
ω r=
ω e+
ω SlRelation is surveyed generator speed.
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| CN2010105516102A CN102005843B (en) | 2010-11-21 | 2010-11-21 | Brushless double-fed wind driven generator and method for controlling brushless double-fed wind driven generating system |
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| CN2010105516102A CN102005843B (en) | 2010-11-21 | 2010-11-21 | Brushless double-fed wind driven generator and method for controlling brushless double-fed wind driven generating system |
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| CN102005843B true CN102005843B (en) | 2013-04-24 |
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Families Citing this family (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB201112247D0 (en) * | 2011-07-15 | 2011-08-31 | Wind Technologies Ltd | Brushless doubly fed machines |
| CN102332861B (en) * | 2011-09-20 | 2013-09-18 | 中国农业大学 | Method for controlling active power of double-fed wind power generator |
| CN102355192B (en) * | 2011-09-20 | 2013-09-18 | 中国农业大学 | Control method of reactive power of doubly fed wind power generator |
| CN102368676B (en) * | 2011-11-25 | 2014-03-05 | 郑州金阳电气有限公司 | Variable-speed constant-voltage direct-current brushless generator |
| CN102983590A (en) * | 2012-11-28 | 2013-03-20 | 沈阳工业大学 | System and method for controlling direct power of open-winding brushless double-fed wind driven generator |
| CN105577064A (en) * | 2015-12-19 | 2016-05-11 | 华北电力大学（保定） | Brushless double-fed motor direct torque control method capable of reducing torque pulsation |
| CN105763135A (en) * | 2016-03-16 | 2016-07-13 | 上海新源工业控制技术有限公司 | Voltage vector PWM method based on duty ratio DTC |
| CN106787545B (en) * | 2017-01-05 | 2019-06-25 | 东南大学 | A kind of double-stator magneto resistance brushless wind generator of three electrical ports |
| CN107231106A (en) * | 2017-05-23 | 2017-10-03 | 杭州电子科技大学 | A kind of doubly fed induction generator system Direct Torque Controller for reducing torque ripple |
| CN108242904A (en) * | 2018-03-26 | 2018-07-03 | 南京立超电子科技有限公司 | A kind of zero reactive power control method of permanent magnet synchronous motor |
| CN110350838B (en) * | 2019-07-15 | 2021-04-23 | 安徽工业大学 | BDFIM direct torque control method without speed sensor |
| CN111277189B (en) * | 2020-03-25 | 2022-02-25 | 海信（山东）空调有限公司 | Compressor low-frequency vibration suppression method and system |
| CN112003321B (en) * | 2020-08-11 | 2022-05-17 | 宝鸡文理学院 | Low-voltage ride through control method for dynamic resistor of double-feeder rotor string |
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