CN102005801B - Charging circuit of solar charging controller with common ground structure - Google Patents

Charging circuit of solar charging controller with common ground structure Download PDF

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CN102005801B
CN102005801B CN201010613468.XA CN201010613468A CN102005801B CN 102005801 B CN102005801 B CN 102005801B CN 201010613468 A CN201010613468 A CN 201010613468A CN 102005801 B CN102005801 B CN 102005801B
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solar cell
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韩军良
徐海波
何思模
宋青华
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Guangdong East Power Co Ltd
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Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of solar power supply circuits, in particular to a charging circuit of a solar charging controller with a common ground structure, which comprises a solar battery, a storage battery, a central processing unit, a PWM (pulse-width modulation) driving circuit, a current sampling circuit and a voltage sampling circuit, wherein the PWM driving circuit, the current sampling circuit and the voltage sampling circuit are connected with the central processing unit, the anti-backflow circuit is connected with the central processing unit and the PWM driving circuit, and the negative electrode of the solar battery and the negative electrode of the storage battery are connected with a common ground GND. The solar cell is sampled by using a method of direct voltage division by using the resistor, the sampling is convenient, the backflow prevention circuit adopts the MOSFET circuit connected into a synchronous rectification mode, and when the PWM signal is switched on, the grid drive of the backflow prevention circuit adopts positive voltage drive, so that the voltage drop loss of a charging loop is greatly reduced, the difficulty of heat dissipation management is reduced, the overall efficiency of the system is effectively improved, the structure is simple, the realization is convenient, and the cost is low.

Description

一种共地结构的太阳能充电控制器的充电电路A charging circuit of solar charge controller with common ground structure

技术领域 technical field

本发明涉及电源电路技术领域，尤其涉及一种共地结构的太阳能充电控制器的充电电路。  The invention relates to the technical field of power circuits, in particular to a charging circuit of a solar charging controller with a common ground structure. the

背景技术 Background technique

目前，市场上有很多类型的太阳能充电控制器，包括共正极结构和共地结构类型的充电电路，在实际运行中，存在一些不足： At present, there are many types of solar charge controllers on the market, including charging circuits with a common anode structure and a common ground structure. In actual operation, there are some shortcomings:

一些简易型的太阳能充电控制器的充电电路，在蓄电池充满后，为保护蓄电池，对太阳能电池板的正负极进行短路，这样会造成太阳能电池板阵列的节温过高，容易损坏太阳能电池板，降低太阳能电池板的使用寿命。 The charging circuit of some simple solar charge controllers, after the battery is fully charged, short-circuits the positive and negative poles of the solar panel to protect the battery, which will cause the temperature of the solar panel array to be too high and easily damage the solar panel , reducing the service life of solar panels.

一些共正极的太阳能充电控制器的充电电路，由于太阳能电池的负极和蓄电池的负极不共地，造成在太阳能电池电压采样方面的困难。 The charging circuits of some common positive solar charge controllers have difficulty in sampling the voltage of the solar battery because the negative pole of the solar battery and the negative pole of the storage battery do not share the same ground.

一些太阳能充电控制器的防倒流电路设计上，采用串入二极管的方式防止夜间蓄电池电流向太阳能电池倒灌。但在充电时，二极管的正向导通压降大，导通损耗大，导致充电控制器的转换效率低。 In the design of the anti-backflow circuit of some solar charge controllers, diodes are connected in series to prevent the battery current from flowing back into the solar battery at night. However, during charging, the forward conduction voltage drop of the diode is large, and the conduction loss is large, resulting in low conversion efficiency of the charge controller.

本发明的目的在于针对现有技术的不足而提供一种共地结构的太阳能充电控制器的充电电路，其转换效率高，太阳能电池电压采样方便、结构简洁、实现方便、低成本。 The object of the present invention is to provide a charging circuit for a solar charging controller with a common ground structure, which has high conversion efficiency, convenient solar battery voltage sampling, simple structure, convenient implementation and low cost.

本发明的目的通过以下技术措施实现：一种共地结构的太阳能充电控制器的充电电路，包括太阳能电池、蓄电池、中央处理器、PWM驱动电路、电流采样电路、电压采样电路，PWM驱动电路、电流采样电路、电压采样电路与中央处理器连接，还包括防倒流电路，防倒流电路与PWM驱动电路连接，太阳能电池的负极与蓄电池的负极接公共地GND。 The purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical measures: a charging circuit of a solar charge controller with a common ground structure, including a solar cell, a storage battery, a central processing unit, a PWM drive circuit, a current sampling circuit, a voltage sampling circuit, a PWM drive circuit, The current sampling circuit and the voltage sampling circuit are connected to the central processing unit, and an anti-backflow circuit is also included. The anti-backflow circuit is connected to the PWM driving circuit, and the negative pole of the solar cell and the negative pole of the storage battery are connected to the common ground GND.

其中，还包括功率MOSFET电路、平流电路，电压采样电路包括太阳能电池电压采样电路和蓄电池电压采样电路，功率MOSFET电路与电流采样电路、防倒流电路、PWM驱动电路连接，平流电路与太阳能电池正极连接，太阳能电池电压采样电路第一端口与太阳能电池正极连接，太阳能电池电压采样电路第二端口与太阳能电池负极连接，太阳能电池电压采样电路的控制端口与中央处理器连接，蓄电池电压采样电路的第一个端口与太阳能电池正极连接，蓄电池电压采样电路的第二个端口与太阳能电池负极连接，蓄电池电压采样电路的控制端口与中央处理器连接。 Among them, it also includes a power MOSFET circuit and an advection circuit. The voltage sampling circuit includes a solar cell voltage sampling circuit and a battery voltage sampling circuit. The power MOSFET circuit is connected with a current sampling circuit, an anti-backflow circuit, and a PWM drive circuit. The first port of the solar cell voltage sampling circuit is connected to the positive pole of the solar cell, the second port of the solar cell voltage sampling circuit is connected to the negative pole of the solar cell, the control port of the solar cell voltage sampling circuit is connected to the central processing unit, and the first port of the battery voltage sampling circuit is connected to the central processing unit. The first port is connected to the positive pole of the solar battery, the second port of the battery voltage sampling circuit is connected to the negative pole of the solar battery, and the control port of the battery voltage sampling circuit is connected to the central processing unit.

其中，防倒流电路包括功率MOSFET Q3、电阻R10，电阻R10一端与功率MOSFET Q3的驱动信号端DRVH连接， R10另一端和功率MOSFET Q3的栅极连接； Among them, the anti-backflow circuit includes a power MOSFET Q3 and a resistor R10, one end of the resistor R10 is connected to the drive signal terminal DRVH of the power MOSFET Q3, and the other end of R10 is connected to the gate of the power MOSFET Q3;

Q3的源极和功率MOSFET电路连接，Q3的漏极与蓄电池的正极连接。 The source of Q3 is connected to the power MOSFET circuit, and the drain of Q3 is connected to the positive pole of the battery.

其中，PWM驱动电路包括驱动器U1、电容C8、C9，电阻R13，U1的管脚3与中央处理器的信号输出管脚连接； Wherein, the PWM driving circuit includes a driver U1, capacitors C8 and C9, and a resistor R13, and the pin 3 of U1 is connected to the signal output pin of the central processing unit;

U1的管脚1为PWM驱动电路的第一输出端； Pin 1 of U1 is the first output end of the PWM drive circuit;

U1的管脚5为PWM驱动电路的第二输出端； The pin 5 of U1 is the second output terminal of the PWM drive circuit;

U1的管脚8为PWM驱动电路的第三输出端； The pin 8 of U1 is the third output end of the PWM drive circuit;

C9一端与U1的管脚2连接，C9的另一端与U1的管脚8连接； One end of C9 is connected to pin 2 of U1, and the other end of C9 is connected to pin 8 of U1;

C8的一端与U1的管脚6、U1的管脚7接直流电，C8的另一端接地； One end of C8 is connected to direct current with pin 6 of U1 and pin 7 of U1, and the other end of C8 is grounded;

R13的一端与U1的管脚3连接，R13的另一端与U1的管脚4连接。 One end of R13 is connected to pin 3 of U1, and the other end of R13 is connected to pin 4 of U1.

其中，功率MOSFET电路包括功率MOSFET Q1、Q2、二极管D1、电阻R4、电容C3，二极管D1、电阻R4、电容C3构成上桥臂功率MOSFET Q1的吸收电路，二极管D2、电阻R5、电容C4构成下桥臂功率MOSFET Q2的吸收电路； Among them, the power MOSFET circuit includes power MOSFET Q1, Q2, diode D1, resistor R4, and capacitor C3. Diode D1, resistor R4, and capacitor C3 form the absorption circuit of the power MOSFET Q1 on the upper bridge arm, and diode D2, resistor R5, and capacitor C4 form the lower circuit. Snubber circuit of bridge arm power MOSFET Q2;

D1的正极与R4的一端、Q1的漏极连接；D1的负极与R4的另一端、C3的一端连接； The positive pole of D1 is connected to one end of R4 and the drain of Q1; the negative pole of D1 is connected to the other end of R4 and one end of C3;

C3另一端与Q1的源极、Q3的源极、Q2的漏极、D2的正极、R5的一端、PWM驱动电路第三个输出端连接； The other end of C3 is connected to the source of Q1, the source of Q3, the drain of Q2, the positive electrode of D2, one end of R5, and the third output end of the PWM drive circuit;

Q1的栅极与PWM驱动电路第一个输出端连接； The gate of Q1 is connected to the first output end of the PWM drive circuit;

D2的负极与R5的另一端、C4的一端连接； The negative pole of D2 is connected to the other end of R5 and one end of C4;

C4的另一端与Q2的源极接地； The other end of C4 is grounded to the source of Q2;

Q2的栅极与PWM驱动电路第二个输出端连接。 The gate of Q2 is connected to the second output end of the PWM drive circuit.

其中，还包括电感L1、电阻R1、R2、R3、R6、R7、R8、R9、R11、R12，电容C1、C2、C5、C6、C7，二极管ZD1、ZD2，瞬态电压抑制二极管TVS1、保险管F1； Among them, it also includes inductor L1, resistors R1, R2, R3, R6, R7, R8, R9, R11, R12, capacitors C1, C2, C5, C6, C7, diodes ZD1, ZD2, transient voltage suppression diode TVS1, insurance pipe F1;

TVS1一端接太阳能电池的正极，TVS1另一端接太阳能电池的负极； One end of TVS1 is connected to the positive pole of the solar cell, and the other end of TVS1 is connected to the negative pole of the solar cell;

R1的一端与太阳能电池的正极连接、L1的一端连接，R1的另一端与R2的一端、C1的一端、中央处理器的第三个信号输入管脚连接； One end of R1 is connected to the positive pole of the solar cell, one end of L1 is connected, the other end of R1 is connected to one end of R2, one end of C1, and the third signal input pin of the central processing unit;

R2的另一端与太阳能电池的负极、C1的另一端、C2的负极、Q2的源极接地； The other end of R2 is grounded to the negative pole of the solar cell, the other end of C1, the negative pole of C2, and the source of Q2;

L1的另一端与R3的一端、中央处理器的第一个信号输入管脚连接； The other end of L1 is connected with one end of R3 and the first signal input pin of the CPU;

R3的另一端与C2的正极、D1的正极、Q1的漏极、中央处理器的第二个信号输入管脚连接； The other end of R3 is connected to the positive pole of C2, the positive pole of D1, the drain of Q1, and the second signal input pin of the central processing unit;

R7的一端与Q1的栅极、R6的一端、ZD1的负极连接； One end of R7 is connected to the gate of Q1, one end of R6, and the negative pole of ZD1;

R7的另一端与ZD1的正极、Q1的源极、Q3的源极、PWM驱动电路第三个输出端连接； The other end of R7 is connected to the anode of ZD1, the source of Q1, the source of Q3, and the third output terminal of the PWM drive circuit;

R6的另一端与PWM驱动电路第一个输出端连接； The other end of R6 is connected to the first output end of the PWM drive circuit;

R9的一端与Q2的栅极、R8的一端、ZD2的负极连接； One end of R9 is connected to the gate of Q2, one end of R8, and the negative pole of ZD2;

R9的另一端与ZD2的正极、Q2的源极、C5的负极、C6的负极、R12的一端、C7的一端、蓄电池负极接地； The other end of R9 is grounded to the positive pole of ZD2, the source pole of Q2, the negative pole of C5, the negative pole of C6, one end of R12, one end of C7, and the negative pole of the battery;

R8的另一端与PWM驱动电路第二个输出端连接； The other end of R8 is connected to the second output end of the PWM drive circuit;

C5的正极与C6的正极、R11的一端、Q3的漏极、F1的一端连接； The positive pole of C5 is connected to the positive pole of C6, one end of R11, the drain of Q3, and one end of F1;

R11的另一端与R12另一端、C7的另一端与中央处理器第三个信号输入管脚连接； The other end of R11 is connected with the other end of R12, and the other end of C7 is connected with the third signal input pin of the CPU;

F1的另一端与蓄电池正极连接。 The other end of F1 is connected to the positive pole of the battery.

其中，R1、R2、R3、R11、R12为精密电阻。 Among them, R1, R2, R3, R11, R12 are precision resistors.

其中，U1为高速同步驱动器U1，具体型号为：TPS28225。 Among them, U1 is a high-speed synchronous driver U1, the specific model is: TPS28225.

其中，还包括防雷保护电路，防雷保护电路一端与太阳能电池正极连接，防雷保护电路另一端与太阳能电池负极连接。 It also includes a lightning protection circuit, one end of the lightning protection circuit is connected to the positive pole of the solar battery, and the other end of the lightning protection circuit is connected to the negative pole of the solar battery.

其中，中央处理器为PSoC中央处理器，具体型号为：CY8CLED03D02。 Among them, the central processing unit is a PSoC central processing unit, and the specific model is: CY8CLED03D02.

本发明有益效果在于：一种共地结构的太阳能充电控制器的充电电路，包括太阳能电池、蓄电池、中央处理器、PWM驱动电路、电流采样电路、电压采样电路，PWM驱动电路、电流采样电路、电压采样电路与中央处理器连接，还包括防倒流电路与PWM驱动电路连接，太阳能电池的负极与蓄电池的负极接公共地GND。本发明采用公地结构，利用电阻直接分压的方法对太阳能电池采样，太阳能电池电压采样方便，防倒流电路采用接成同步整流方式的MOSFET电路，PWM信号开通时，其栅极驱动采用正电压驱动，有效降低了MOSFET内部寄生的体二极管的正向导通压降，相对于二极管构成的防倒流电路，极大地减小了充电回路的电压降损失，降低了散热管理的困难，有效地提高了系统的整体效率，结构简洁、实现方便、低成本。 The beneficial effect of the present invention is that: a charging circuit of a solar charging controller with a shared ground structure, including a solar battery, a storage battery, a central processing unit, a PWM driving circuit, a current sampling circuit, a voltage sampling circuit, a PWM driving circuit, a current sampling circuit, The voltage sampling circuit is connected with the central processing unit, and an anti-backflow circuit is connected with the PWM drive circuit, and the negative pole of the solar cell and the negative pole of the storage battery are connected to the common ground GND. The present invention adopts a public ground structure and uses the method of directly dividing the voltage of the resistance to sample the solar cell, the voltage sampling of the solar cell is convenient, the anti-backflow circuit adopts a MOSFET circuit connected into a synchronous rectification mode, and when the PWM signal is turned on, the gate drive adopts a positive voltage Drive, effectively reducing the forward conduction voltage drop of the parasitic body diode inside the MOSFET. Compared with the anti-backflow circuit composed of diodes, it greatly reduces the voltage drop loss of the charging circuit, reduces the difficulty of heat dissipation management, and effectively improves The overall efficiency of the system, the structure is simple, the implementation is convenient, and the cost is low.

附图说明 Description of drawings

图1是本发明的系统结构框图； Fig. 1 is a system structure block diagram of the present invention;

图2是本发明的充电电路图； Fig. 2 is a charging circuit diagram of the present invention;

图3是充电电路的PWM驱动电路图。 Fig. 3 is a PWM driving circuit diagram of the charging circuit.

附图标记： Reference signs:

100——中央处理器 100 - CPU

101——蓄电池 101 - storage battery

102——太阳能电池电压采样电路 102——Solar battery voltage sampling circuit

103——太阳能电池 103 - solar cells

104——蓄电池电压采样电路 104——Battery voltage sampling circuit

105—— PWM驱动电路 105—— PWM drive circuit

106——防倒流电路 106——Anti-backflow circuit

107——防雷保护电路 107——Lightning protection circuit

108——平流电路 108—Advection circuit

109——电流采样电路 109——Current sampling circuit

110——功率MOSFET电路。 110—power MOSFET circuit.

具体实施方式 Detailed ways

下面结合附图对本发明作进一步的说明，如图1~图3所示。 Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is described further, as shown in Figure 1～Figure 3.

实施例1 Example 1

本实施例提供一种共地结构的太阳能充电控制器的充电电路，包括太阳能电池103、蓄电池101、中央处理器100、PWM驱动电路105、电流采样电路109、电压采样电路，PWM驱动电路105、电流采样电路109、电压采样电路与中央处理器100连接，还包括防倒流电路106，防倒流电路106与PWM驱动电路105连接，太阳能电池103的负极与蓄电池101的负极接公共地GND。本发明采用公共地结构，利用电阻直接分压的方法对太阳能电池103采样，太阳能电池103电压采样方便，防倒流电路106采用接成同步整流方式的MOSFET电路，PWM信号开通时，其栅极驱动采用正电压驱动，有效降低了MOSFET内部寄生的体二极管的正向导通压降，相对于现有技术二极管构成的防倒流电路，极大地减小了充电回路的电压降损失，降低了散热管理的困难，有效地提高了系统的整体效率，结构简洁、实现方便、低成本。 This embodiment provides a charging circuit of a solar charging controller with a common ground structure, including a solar battery 103, a storage battery 101, a central processing unit 100, a PWM driving circuit 105, a current sampling circuit 109, a voltage sampling circuit, a PWM driving circuit 105, The current sampling circuit 109 and the voltage sampling circuit are connected to the central processing unit 100, and also include an anti-backflow circuit 106, which is connected to the PWM drive circuit 105, and the negative pole of the solar cell 103 and the negative pole of the storage battery 101 are connected to the common ground GND. The present invention adopts a public ground structure, utilizes the method of resistance direct voltage division to sample the solar battery 103, the voltage sampling of the solar battery 103 is convenient, and the anti-backflow circuit 106 adopts a MOSFET circuit connected into a synchronous rectification mode, and when the PWM signal is turned on, its gate drive Driven by a positive voltage, it effectively reduces the forward conduction voltage drop of the parasitic body diode inside the MOSFET. Compared with the anti-backflow circuit formed by the diode in the prior art, it greatly reduces the voltage drop loss of the charging circuit and reduces the heat dissipation management. Difficulties, effectively improving the overall efficiency of the system, simple structure, easy implementation, and low cost.

本实施例还包括功率MOSFET电路110、平流电路108，电压采样电路包括太阳能电池电压采样电路102和蓄电池电压采样电路104，功率MOSFET电路110与电流采样电路109、防倒流电路106、PWM驱动电路105连接，平流电路108与太阳能电池103正极连接，太阳能电池电压采样电路102的第一个端口与太阳能电池103正极连接，太阳能电池电压采样电路102的第二个端口与太阳能电池103负极连接，太阳能电池电压采样电路102的控制端口与中央处理器100连接，蓄电池电压采样电路104的第一个端口与太阳能电池103正极连接，电池电压采样电路的第二个端口与太阳能电池103负极连接，蓄电池电压采样电路104的控制端口与中央处理器100连接。 This embodiment also includes a power MOSFET circuit 110, a smoothing circuit 108, a voltage sampling circuit including a solar cell voltage sampling circuit 102 and a battery voltage sampling circuit 104, a power MOSFET circuit 110, a current sampling circuit 109, an anti-backflow circuit 106, and a PWM drive circuit 105 connection, the smoothing circuit 108 is connected to the positive pole of the solar battery 103, the first port of the solar battery voltage sampling circuit 102 is connected to the positive pole of the solar battery 103, the second port of the solar battery voltage sampling circuit 102 is connected to the negative pole of the solar battery 103, and the solar battery The control port of the voltage sampling circuit 102 is connected with the central processing unit 100, the first port of the battery voltage sampling circuit 104 is connected with the positive pole of the solar battery 103, the second port of the battery voltage sampling circuit is connected with the negative pole of the solar battery 103, and the battery voltage sampling The control port of the circuit 104 is connected with the CPU 100 .

本实施例的PWM驱动电路105包括驱动器U1、电容C8、C9，电阻R13，U1的管脚3与中央处理器的信号输出管脚连接； The PWM driving circuit 105 of this embodiment includes a driver U1, capacitors C8, C9, and a resistor R13, and the pin 3 of U1 is connected to the signal output pin of the central processing unit;

U1的管脚1为PWM驱动电路105的第一输出端； The pin 1 of U1 is the first output end of the PWM driving circuit 105;

U1的管脚5为PWM驱动电路105的第二输出端； The pin 5 of U1 is the second output end of the PWM driving circuit 105;

U1的管脚8为PWM驱动电路105的第三输出端； The pin 8 of U1 is the third output end of the PWM driving circuit 105;

C9一端与U1的管脚2连接，C9的另一端与U1的管脚8连接； One end of C9 is connected to pin 2 of U1, and the other end of C9 is connected to pin 8 of U1;

C8的一端与U1的管脚6、U1的管脚7接直流电，C8的另一端接地； One end of C8 is connected to direct current with pin 6 of U1 and pin 7 of U1, and the other end of C8 is grounded;

R13的一端与U1的管脚3连接，R13的另一端与U1的管脚4连接。 One end of R13 is connected to pin 3 of U1, and the other end of R13 is connected to pin 4 of U1.

本实施例的防倒流电路106包括功率MOSFET Q3、电阻R10，电阻R10一端与PWM驱动电路的第一输出端连接， R10另一端和功率MOSFET Q3的栅极连接； The anti-backflow circuit 106 of this embodiment includes a power MOSFET Q3 and a resistor R10, one end of the resistor R10 is connected to the first output end of the PWM drive circuit, and the other end of R10 is connected to the gate of the power MOSFET Q3;

Q3的源极和功率MOSFET电路110连接，Q3的漏极与蓄电池101的正极连接。 The source of Q3 is connected to the power MOSFET circuit 110 , and the drain of Q3 is connected to the positive electrode of the battery 101 .

本实施例的功率MOSFET电路110的电路采用MOSFET半桥结构，功率MOSFET Q1、Q2构成功率MOSFET电路110的主电路，二极管D1、电阻R4、电容C3构成上桥臂功率MOSFET Q1的吸收电路，二极管D2、电阻R5、电容C4构成下桥臂功率MOSFET Q2的吸收电路； The circuit of the power MOSFET circuit 110 of this embodiment adopts a MOSFET half-bridge structure, and the power MOSFET Q1 and Q2 form the main circuit of the power MOSFET circuit 110, and the diode D1, the resistor R4, and the capacitor C3 form the absorption circuit of the upper bridge arm power MOSFET Q1, and the diode D2, resistor R5, and capacitor C4 constitute the absorbing circuit of the lower bridge arm power MOSFET Q2;

D1的正极与R4的一端Q1的漏极连接；D1的负极与R4的另一端、C3的一端连接； The positive pole of D1 is connected to the drain of Q1 at one end of R4; the negative pole of D1 is connected to the other end of R4 and one end of C3;

C3另一端与Q1的源极、Q3的源极、Q2的漏极、D2的正极、R5的一端、PWM驱动电路105第三个输出端连接； The other end of C3 is connected to the source of Q1, the source of Q3, the drain of Q2, the anode of D2, one end of R5, and the third output end of the PWM drive circuit 105;

Q1的栅极与PWM驱动电路105第一个输出端连接； The gate of Q1 is connected to the first output end of the PWM drive circuit 105;

D2的负极与R5的另一端、C4的一端连接； The negative pole of D2 is connected to the other end of R5 and one end of C4;

C4的另一端与Q2的源极接地； The other end of C4 is grounded to the source of Q2;

Q2的栅极与PWM驱动电路105第二个输出端连接。 The gate of Q2 is connected to the second output end of the PWM drive circuit 105 .

本实施例还包括电感L1、电阻R3、R1、R2、R3、R6、R7、R8、R9、R11、R12，电容C1、C2、C5、C6、C7，二极管ZD1、ZD2，瞬态电压抑制二极管TVS1、保险管F1； This embodiment also includes inductor L1, resistors R3, R1, R2, R3, R6, R7, R8, R9, R11, R12, capacitors C1, C2, C5, C6, C7, diodes ZD1, ZD2, transient voltage suppression diodes TVS1, fuse F1;

TVS1一端接太阳能电池103的正极、TVS1另一端接太阳能电池103的负极； One end of TVS1 is connected to the positive electrode of the solar cell 103, and the other end of TVS1 is connected to the negative electrode of the solar cell 103;

R1的一端与太阳能电池103的正极、L1的一端连接，R1的另一端与R2的一端、C1的一端、中央处理器100的第三个信号输入管脚连接； One end of R1 is connected to the positive pole of the solar cell 103 and one end of L1, and the other end of R1 is connected to one end of R2, one end of C1, and the third signal input pin of the central processing unit 100;

R2的另一端与太阳能电池103的负极、C1的另一端、C2的负极、Q2的源极接地； The other end of R2 is grounded to the negative pole of the solar cell 103, the other end of C1, the negative pole of C2, and the source of Q2;

L1的另一端与R3的一端、中央处理器100的第一个信号输入管脚连接； The other end of L1 is connected with one end of R3 and the first signal input pin of the CPU 100;

R3的另一端与C2的正极、D1的正极、Q1的漏极、中央处理器100的第二个信号输入管脚连接； The other end of R3 is connected to the positive pole of C2, the positive pole of D1, the drain of Q1, and the second signal input pin of the central processing unit 100;

R7的一端与Q1的栅极、R6的一端、ZD1的负极连接； One end of R7 is connected to the gate of Q1, one end of R6, and the negative pole of ZD1;

R7的另一端与ZD1的正极、Q1的源极、Q3的源极、PWM驱动电路105第三个输出端连接； The other end of R7 is connected to the positive pole of ZD1, the source pole of Q1, the source pole of Q3, and the third output terminal of the PWM driving circuit 105;

R6的另一端与PWM驱动电路105第一个输出端连接； The other end of R6 is connected to the first output end of the PWM driving circuit 105;

R9的一端与Q2的栅极、R8的一端、ZD2的负极连接； One end of R9 is connected to the gate of Q2, one end of R8, and the negative pole of ZD2;

R9的另一端与ZD2的正极、Q2的源极、C5的负极、C6的负极、R12的一端、C7的一端、蓄电池101负极接地； The other end of R9 is grounded to the positive pole of ZD2, the source pole of Q2, the negative pole of C5, the negative pole of C6, one end of R12, one end of C7, and the negative pole of battery 101;

R8的另一端与PWM驱动电路105第二个输出端连接； The other end of R8 is connected to the second output end of the PWM drive circuit 105;

C5的正极与C6的正极、R11的一端、Q3的漏极、F1的一端连接； The positive pole of C5 is connected to the positive pole of C6, one end of R11, the drain of Q3, and one end of F1;

R11的另一端与R12另一端、C7的另一端与中央处理器100第三个信号输入管脚连接； The other end of R11 is connected with the other end of R12, the other end of C7 is connected with the third signal input pin of central processing unit 100;

F1的另一端与蓄电池101正极连接。 The other end of F1 is connected to the positive pole of the storage battery 101 .

本实施例的R1、R2、R3、R11、R12为精密电阻。 R1, R2, R3, R11 and R12 in this embodiment are precision resistors.

本实施例的功率MOSFET Q1、Q2和Q3的具体型号为IPB025N10N3。 The specific models of the power MOSFETs Q1, Q2 and Q3 in this embodiment are IPB025N10N3.

本实施例的U1为高速同步驱动器U1，具体型号为：TPS28225。 U1 in this embodiment is a high-speed synchronous driver U1, and the specific model is: TPS28225.

本实施例的中央处理器100为PSoC中央处理器，具体型号为：CY8CLED03D02。 The central processing unit 100 of this embodiment is a PSoC central processing unit, and the specific model is: CY8CLED03D02.

本实施例的原理为： The principle of this embodiment is:

如图2所示，瞬态电压抑制二极管TVS1接在太阳能电池103输入端的正、负极之间； As shown in FIG. 2, the transient voltage suppression diode TVS1 is connected between the positive and negative poles of the input terminal of the solar cell 103;

太阳能电池103电压信号的采样采用精密电阻分压采样方式。太阳能电池103电压分压采样电路由精密电阻R1、R2和电容C1构成，分压信号PV_sense送PSoC中央处理器进行A/D转换，得到太阳能电池103电压信号。 The sampling of the voltage signal of the solar cell 103 adopts a precise resistance voltage division sampling method. The solar cell 103 voltage divider sampling circuit is composed of precision resistors R1, R2 and capacitor C1. The voltage divider signal PV_sense is sent to the PSoC CPU for A/D conversion to obtain the solar cell 103 voltage signal.

蓄电池101电压信号的采样采用精密电阻分压采样方式。蓄电池101电压分压采样电路由精密电阻R11、R12和电容C7构成，分压信号Batt_sense送PSoC中央处理器进行A/D转换，得到蓄电池101电压信号。 The voltage signal of the storage battery 101 is sampled using a precision resistor voltage divider sampling method. The battery 101 voltage divider sampling circuit is composed of precision resistors R11, R12 and capacitor C7. The voltage divider signal Batt_sense is sent to the PSoC CPU for A/D conversion to obtain the battery 101 voltage signal.

太阳能电池103输出电流的采样采用串联精密电阻的方式，太阳能电池103输出电流在精密采样电阻R3两端形成电压差信号PVCurV+和PVCurV-，送往PSoC的内部差分运算放大器进行差分放大，然后由PSoC的A/D转换单元进行模/数转换，得到太阳能电池103输出电流信号。 The sampling of the output current of the solar cell 103 adopts the method of series precision resistors, the output current of the solar cell 103 forms voltage difference signals PVCurV+ and PVCurV- at both ends of the precision sampling resistor R3, and sends them to the internal differential operational amplifier of PSoC for differential amplification, and then the PSoC The A/D converting unit of the solar cell 103 performs analog/digital conversion to obtain the output current signal of the solar cell 103.

在测量太阳能电池103输出电流时，采用串联精密电阻的方式，但太阳能电池103输出电流在串联精密电阻两端形成的高共模电压差分信号，采用分立的差分运算放大器难以承受如此高的共模差分输入电压，因此，测量太阳能电池103输出电流就成了一个难题。本发明利用PSoC片上的高共模电压差分运算放大器，有效地解决了太阳能电池103输出电流采样存在的高共模电压进行差分放大的技术难题，同时，减少了外围硬件电路的元器件数量和PCB板尺寸，提高了系统的集成度和保密性。 When measuring the output current of the solar cell 103, a series precision resistor is used, but the output current of the solar cell 103 forms a high common-mode voltage differential signal at both ends of the series precision resistor, and it is difficult to withstand such a high common-mode voltage by using a discrete differential operational amplifier. Differential input voltage, therefore, measuring the output current of the solar cell 103 becomes a difficult problem. The present invention uses the high common-mode voltage differential operational amplifier on the PSoC chip to effectively solve the technical problem of differential amplification of the high common-mode voltage existing in the output current sampling of the solar cell 103, and at the same time, reduce the number of components and components of the peripheral hardware circuit and PCB The board size improves the integration and security of the system.

PWM驱动电路105采用N 通道互补驱动功率MOSFET 的高速同步驱动器U1，PSoC中央处理器发出的PWM脉冲信号经过同步驱动器U1后，产生互补的高端和低端驱动信号，分别加在充电回路MOSFET半桥的上桥臂和下桥臂MOSFET的栅极，高、低端驱动信号具有自适应的死区时间控制。  The PWM driving circuit 105 adopts the high-speed synchronous driver U1 of N-channel complementary driving power MOSFET. After the PWM pulse signal sent by the PSoC central processor passes through the synchronous driver U1, complementary high-end and low-end driving signals are generated, which are respectively added to the MOSFET half-bridge of the charging circuit. The gates of the upper bridge arm and the lower bridge arm MOSFET, the high-side and low-side drive signals have adaptive dead-time control. the

电感L1构成平流电路108，作用是对太阳能电池103输出电流进行平滑； The inductance L1 constitutes the smoothing circuit 108, which functions to smooth the output current of the solar cell 103;

由U1的管脚1发出的驱动信号DRVH是上桥臂功率MOSFET Q1的驱动信号，由U1的管脚5发出的驱动信号DRVL是下桥臂功率MOSFET Q2的驱动信号； The driving signal DRVH sent by pin 1 of U1 is the driving signal of the power MOSFET Q1 of the upper bridge arm, and the driving signal DRVL sent by the pin 5 of U1 is the driving signal of the power MOSFET Q2 of the lower bridge arm;

如图3所示，U1是N 通道互补驱动功率MOSFET 的 高速同步驱动器U1，U1的供电电源端管脚6、U1管脚7与直流电源VDD2连接，U1的管脚4与公共地GND连接，直流电源VDD2通过解耦电容C8与公共地GND连接。PSoC中央处理器发出的PWM控制信号PWM1送到U1的管脚3，同时，U1的管脚3经过下拉电阻R13与公共地GND连接。U1的管脚2通过电容C9和U1的管脚8相连，U1的管脚8和功率MOSFET Q1的源极连接。U1的管脚1产生功率MOSFET半桥上桥臂MOSFET的驱动信号DRVH，U1的管脚5产生功率MOSFET半桥下桥臂MOSFET的驱动信号DRVL。 As shown in Figure 3, U1 is a high-speed synchronous driver U1 for N-channel complementary drive power MOSFETs. U1's power supply terminal pin 6 and U1 pin 7 are connected to the DC power supply VDD2, and U1's pin 4 is connected to the common ground GND. The DC power supply VDD2 is connected to the common ground GND through the decoupling capacitor C8. The PWM control signal PWM1 sent by the PSoC central processing unit is sent to the pin 3 of U1, and at the same time, the pin 3 of U1 is connected to the common ground GND through the pull-down resistor R13. Pin 2 of U1 is connected to pin 8 of U1 through capacitor C9, and pin 8 of U1 is connected to the source of power MOSFET Q1. The pin 1 of U1 generates the driving signal DRVH of the upper-arm MOSFET of the power MOSFET half-bridge, and the pin 5 of U1 generates the driving signal DRVL of the lower-arm MOSFET of the power MOSFET half-bridge.

实施例2 Example 2

本实施例在实施例1的基础上还增加了防雷保护电路107，一端与太阳能电池103正极连接，防雷保护电路107另一端与太阳能电池103负极连接。 In this embodiment, on the basis of Embodiment 1, a lightning protection circuit 107 is added, one end of which is connected to the positive pole of the solar battery 103 , and the other end of the lightning protection circuit 107 is connected to the negative pole of the solar battery 103 .

由于太阳能电池103都是裸露于外界，所以设置防雷保护电路107，可以进一步保护太阳能电池103，延长太阳能电池103的使用寿命。 Since the solar cells 103 are exposed to the outside world, the lightning protection circuit 107 is provided to further protect the solar cells 103 and prolong the service life of the solar cells 103 .

最后应当说明的是，以上实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案，而非对本发明保护范围的限制，尽管参照较佳实施例对本发明作了详细地说明，本领域的普通技术人员应当理解，可以对本发明的技术方案进行修改或者等同替换，而不脱离本发明技术方案的实质和范围。 Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than limiting the protection scope of the present invention, although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand , the technical solution of the present invention may be modified or equivalently replaced without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims (2)

1. one kind is total to the charging circuit of the solar charging controller of ground structure, comprise solar cell, storage battery, central processing unit, PWM drive circuit, current sampling circuit, voltage sampling circuit, PWM drive circuit, current sampling circuit, voltage sampling circuit are connected with central processing unit, it is characterized in that: also comprise anti-backflow circuit, anti-backflow circuit is connected with PWM drive circuit, and the negative pole of solar cell and the negative pole of storage battery meet GND publicly, also comprise power MOSFET circuit, smoothing circuit, voltage sampling circuit comprises solar array voltage sample circuit and battery tension sample circuit, power MOSFET circuit and current sampling circuit, anti-backflow circuit, PWM drive circuit connects, smoothing circuit is connected with solar cell is anodal, solar array voltage sample circuit the first port is connected with solar cell is anodal, solar array voltage sample circuit the second port is connected with solar cell negative pole, the control port of solar array voltage sample circuit is connected with central processing unit, first port of battery tension sample circuit is connected with battery positive voltage, second port of battery tension sample circuit is connected with battery terminal negative, the control port of battery tension sample circuit is connected with central processing unit, wherein smoothing circuit consists of inductance L 1,
Also comprise lightning protection circuit, lightning protection circuit one end is connected with solar cell is anodal, and the lightning protection circuit other end is connected with solar cell negative pole;
Specifically comprise resistance R 1, R2, R11, R12, capacitor C 1, C7, protective tube F1;
One end of R1 is connected with the positive pole of solar cell, and the other end of R1 is connected with one end of one end of R2, C1, the signal input tube pin of central processing unit;
The other end ground connection of the other end of R2 and the negative pole of solar cell, C1;
One end of R11 is connected with one end of F1; The other end of F1 is connected with battery positive voltage;
The other end of R11 is connected with the other end of the R12 other end, C7, the signal input tube pin of central processing unit;
One end of R12, one end of C7, battery terminal negative ground connection;
Anti-backflow circuit comprises power MOSFET Q3, resistance R 10, and resistance R 10 one end are connected with the first output of PWM drive circuit, and the R10 other end is connected with the grid of power MOSFET Q3;
The source electrode of Q3 is connected with power MOSFET circuit, and the drain electrode of Q3 is connected with the positive pole of storage battery;
PWM drive circuit comprises driver U1, capacitor C 8, C9, resistance R 13, and wherein U1 is the high-speed synchronous driver U1 of N passage complementary drive power MOSFET;
The pin 3 of U1 is connected with the signal output pin of central processing unit;
The pin one of U1 is the first output of PWM drive circuit;
The pin 5 of U1 is the second output of PWM drive circuit;
The pin 8 of U1 is the 3rd output of PWM drive circuit;
C9 one end is connected with the pin two of U1, and the other end of C9 is connected with the pin of U1 8;
The pin 7 of one end of C8 and the pin of U1 6, U1 connects direct current, the other end ground connection of C8;
One end of R13 is connected with the pin of U1 3, and the other end of R13 is connected with the pin of U1 4;
Power MOSFET circuit comprises power MOSFET Q1, Q2, diode D1, resistance R 4, capacitor C 3, diode D1, resistance R 4, capacitor C 3 form the absorbing circuit of upper brachium pontis power MOSFET Q1, and diode D2, resistance R 5, capacitor C 4 form the absorbing circuit of lower brachium pontis power MOSFET Q2;
The positive pole of D1 is connected with the drain electrode of one end of R4, Q1; The negative pole of D1 is connected with one end of the other end of R4, C3;
The C3 other end is connected with source electrode, the source electrode of Q3, the drain electrode of Q2, the positive pole of D2, one end of R5, PWM drive circuit the 3rd output of Q1;
The grid of Q1 is connected with PWM drive circuit the first output;
The negative pole of D2 is connected with one end of the other end of R5, C4;
The other end of C4 and the source ground of Q2;
The grid of Q2 is connected with PWM drive circuit the second output;
Also comprise inductance L 1, resistance R 3, R6, R7, R8, R9, capacitor C 2, C5, C6, diode ZD1, ZD2, transient voltage suppressor diode TVS1;
The positive pole of TVS1 mono-termination solar cell, the negative pole of another termination solar cell of TVS1;
One end of R1 is connected with one end of L1;
The negative pole of C2, the source ground of Q2;
The other end of L1 is connected with first signal input tube pin of one end of R3, central processing unit;
The other end of R3 is connected with the positive pole of the positive pole of C2, D1, the drain electrode of Q1, second signal input tube pin of central processing unit;
One end of R7 is connected with one end of the grid of Q1, R6, the negative pole of ZD1;
The other end of R7 is connected with source electrode, the source electrode of Q3, PWM drive circuit the 3rd output of the positive pole of ZD1, Q1;
The other end of R6 is connected with PWM drive circuit the first output;
One end of R9 is connected with one end of the grid of Q2, R8, the negative pole of ZD2;
The source electrode of the other end of R9 and the positive pole of ZD2, Q2, the negative pole of C5, the minus earth of C6;
The other end of R8 is connected with PWM drive circuit the second output;
The positive pole of C5 is connected with the drain electrode of the positive pole of C6, Q3, one end of F1;
Central processing unit is PSoC central processing unit, and concrete model is: CY8CLED03D02.
2. a kind of charging circuit of the solar charging controller of ground structure altogether according to claim 1, is characterized in that: R1, R2, R3, R11, R12 are precision resistance.
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CN102255363B (en) * 2011-07-27 2013-07-31 广东易事特电源股份有限公司 Charging circuit topology with fully-protected solar controller and control method
CN102270870A (en) * 2011-07-27 2011-12-07 广东易事特电源股份有限公司 A charging circuit topology of a solar controller
CN105186599A (en) * 2015-08-04 2015-12-23 广东瑞德智能科技股份有限公司 Circuit preventing reverse connection and reverse charging of solar controller
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