CN102005801B - Charging circuit of solar charging controller in common-ground structure - Google Patents
Charging circuit of solar charging controller in common-ground structure Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of solar power supply circuits, in particular to a charging circuit of a solar charging controller in a common-ground structure, which comprises a solar battery, a storage battery, a central processor, a PWM (Pulse Width Modulation) drive circuit, a current sampling circuit and a voltage sampling circuit, wherein the PWM drive circuit, the current sampling circuit and the voltage sampling circuit are connected with the central processor. The charging circuit also comprises a backflow-preventing circuit connected with the central processor and the PWM drive circuit, wherein the cathode of the solar battery and the cathode of the storage battery are grounded (GND). The solar battery is conveniently sampled by using a resistance direct voltage-dividing method, the backflow-preventing circuit adopts an MOSFET (Metal-Oxide -Semiconductor Field Effect Transistor) circuit connected in a synchronous rectification mode, when a PWM signal is opened, a gate drive of the backflow-preventing circuit is driven by a positive voltage, which greatly reduces the voltage drop loss of a charging loop, lowers the difficulty in heat radiation management and effectively improves the whole efficiency of the system. The charging circuit has simple structure and low cost and is convenient for realizing.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to power circuit technical field, relate in particular to a kind of charging circuit of the solar charging controller of ground structure altogether.
Background technology
At present, on market, there is very eurypalynous solar charging controller, comprise common anode structure and the charging circuit that is total to ground structure type, in actual motion, come with some shortcomings:
The charging circuit of the solar charging controller of some simple types; after storage battery is full of; for protection storage battery; the both positive and negative polarity of solar panel is carried out to short circuit; can cause like this joint temperature of solar panel array too high; easily damage solar panel, the useful life of reducing solar panel.
Some are the charging circuit of anodal solar charging controllers altogether, due to the negative pole of solar cell and the negative pole of storage battery not altogether, cause the difficulty aspect solar array voltage sampling.
In the anti-backflow circuit design of some solar charging controllers, adopt the mode that seals in diode to prevent that storage battery flowed to solar cell and poured in down a chimney night.But when charging, the forward conduction voltage drop of diode is large, and conduction loss is large, causes the conversion efficiency of charge controller low.
The object of the invention is to provide for the deficiencies in the prior art a kind of charging circuit of the solar charging controller of ground structure altogether, its conversion efficiency is high, and solar array voltage sampling is convenient, simple for structure, realization is convenient, low cost.
Object of the present invention realizes by following technical measures: a kind of charging circuit of the solar charging controller of ground structure altogether, comprise solar cell, storage battery, central processing unit, PWM drive circuit, current sampling circuit, voltage sampling circuit, PWM drive circuit, current sampling circuit, voltage sampling circuit are connected with central processing unit, also comprise anti-backflow circuit, anti-backflow circuit is connected with PWM drive circuit, and the negative pole of solar cell and the negative pole of storage battery meet GND publicly.
Wherein, also comprise power MOSFET circuit, smoothing circuit, voltage sampling circuit comprises solar array voltage sample circuit and battery tension sample circuit, power MOSFET circuit and current sampling circuit, anti-backflow circuit, PWM drive circuit connects, smoothing circuit is connected with solar cell is anodal, solar array voltage sample circuit the first port is connected with solar cell is anodal, solar array voltage sample circuit the second port is connected with solar cell negative pole, the control port of solar array voltage sample circuit is connected with central processing unit, first port of battery tension sample circuit is connected with solar cell is anodal, second port of battery tension sample circuit is connected with solar cell negative pole, the control port of battery tension sample circuit is connected with central processing unit.
Wherein, anti-backflow circuit comprises power MOSFET Q3, resistance R 10, and resistance R 10 one end are connected with the driving signal end DRVH of power MOSFET Q3, and the R10 other end is connected with the grid of power MOSFET Q3;
The source electrode of Q3 is connected with power MOSFET circuit, and the drain electrode of Q3 is connected with the positive pole of storage battery.
Wherein, PWM drive circuit comprises driver U1, capacitor C 8, C9, resistance R 13, and the pin 3 of U1 is connected with the signal output pin of central processing unit;
The pin one of U1 is the first output of PWM drive circuit;
The pin 5 of U1 is the second output of PWM drive circuit;
The pin 8 of U1 is the 3rd output of PWM drive circuit;
C9 one end is connected with the pin two of U1, and the other end of C9 is connected with the pin of U1 8;
The pin 7 of one end of C8 and the pin of U1 6, U1 connects direct current, the other end ground connection of C8;
One end of R13 is connected with the pin of U1 3, and the other end of R13 is connected with the pin of U1 4.
Wherein, power MOSFET circuit comprises power MOSFET Q1, Q2, diode D1, resistance R 4, capacitor C 3, diode D1, resistance R 4, capacitor C 3 form the absorbing circuit of upper brachium pontis power MOSFET Q1, and diode D2, resistance R 5, capacitor C 4 form the absorbing circuit of lower brachium pontis power MOSFET Q2;
The positive pole of D1 is connected with the drain electrode of one end of R4, Q1; The negative pole of D1 is connected with one end of the other end of R4, C3;
The C3 other end is connected with source electrode, the source electrode of Q3, the drain electrode of Q2, the positive pole of D2, one end of R5, the 3rd output of PWM drive circuit of Q1;
The grid of Q1 is connected with first output of PWM drive circuit;
The negative pole of D2 is connected with one end of the other end of R5, C4;
The other end of C4 and the source ground of Q2;
Second output of the grid of Q2 and PWM drive circuit is connected.
Wherein, also comprise inductance L 1, resistance R 1, R2, R3, R6, R7, R8, R9, R11, R12, capacitor C 1, C2, C5, C6, C7, diode ZD1, ZD2, transient voltage suppressor diode TVS1, protective tube F1;
The positive pole of TVS1 mono-termination solar cell, the negative pole of another termination solar cell of TVS1;
One end of R1 is connected with the positive pole of solar cell, one end of L1 connects, and the other end of R1 is connected with one end of one end of R2, C1, the 3rd signal input tube pin of central processing unit;
The other end of the other end of R2 and the negative pole of solar cell, C1, the negative pole of C2, the source ground of Q2;
The other end of L1 is connected with first signal input tube pin of one end of R3, central processing unit;
The other end of R3 is connected with the positive pole of the positive pole of C2, D1, the drain electrode of Q1, second signal input tube pin of central processing unit;
One end of R7 is connected with one end of the grid of Q1, R6, the negative pole of ZD1;
The other end of R7 is connected with source electrode, the source electrode of Q3, the 3rd output of PWM drive circuit of the positive pole of ZD1, Q1;
The other end of R6 is connected with first output of PWM drive circuit;
One end of R9 is connected with one end of the grid of Q2, R8, the negative pole of ZD2;
The negative pole of the source electrode of the other end of R9 and the positive pole of ZD2, Q2, the negative pole of C5, C6, one end of R12, one end of C7, battery terminal negative ground connection;
Second output of the other end of R8 and PWM drive circuit is connected;
The positive pole of C5 is connected with one end of the positive pole of C6, R11, the drain electrode of Q3, one end of F1;
The other end of R11 is connected with the 3rd signal input tube pin of the other end and central processing unit of the R12 other end, C7;
The other end of F1 is connected with battery positive voltage.
Wherein, R1, R2, R3, R11, R12 are precision resistance.
Wherein, U1 is high-speed synchronous driver U1, and concrete model is: TPS28225.
Wherein, also comprise lightning protection circuit, lightning protection circuit one end is connected with solar cell is anodal, and the lightning protection circuit other end is connected with solar cell negative pole.
Wherein, central processing unit is PSoC central processing unit, and concrete model is: CY8CLED03D02.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is: a kind of charging circuit of the solar charging controller of ground structure altogether, comprise solar cell, storage battery, central processing unit, PWM drive circuit, current sampling circuit, voltage sampling circuit, PWM drive circuit, current sampling circuit, voltage sampling circuit are connected with central processing unit, also comprise that anti-backflow circuit is connected with PWM drive circuit, the negative pole of solar cell and the negative pole of storage battery meet GND publicly.The present invention adopts public domain structure, utilize the method for the direct dividing potential drop of resistance to sample to solar cell, solar array voltage sampling is convenient, anti-backflow circuit adopts the MOSFET circuit that is connected into synchronous rectification mode, when pwm signal is opened, its grid drives and adopts positive voltage to drive, effectively reduce the forward conduction voltage drop of the endoparasitic body diode of MOSFET, the anti-backflow circuit forming with respect to diode, greatly reduced the voltage drop loss of charge circuit, reduced the difficulty of radiating management, effectively improved the whole efficiency of system, simple for structure, it is convenient to realize, low cost.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is system architecture diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is charging circuit figure of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the PWM drive circuit figure of charging circuit.
Reference numeral:
100---central processing unit
101---storage battery
102---solar array voltage sample circuit
103---solar cell
104---battery tension sample circuit
105---PWM drive circuit
106---anti-backflow circuit
107---lightning protection circuit
108---smoothing circuit
109---current sampling circuit
110---power MOSFET circuit.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is further illustrated, as shown in Fig. 1 ~ Fig. 3.
The present embodiment provides a kind of charging circuit of the solar charging controller of ground structure altogether, comprise solar cell 103, storage battery 101, central processing unit 100, PWM drive circuit 105, current sampling circuit 109, voltage sampling circuit, PWM drive circuit 105, current sampling circuit 109, voltage sampling circuit are connected with central processing unit 100, also comprise anti-backflow circuit 106, anti-backflow circuit 106 is connected with PWM drive circuit 105, and the negative pole of the negative pole of solar cell 103 and storage battery 101 meets GND publicly.The present invention adopts structure publicly, utilize the method for the direct dividing potential drop of resistance to sample to solar cell 103, solar cell 103 voltage samples are convenient, anti-backflow circuit 106 adopts the MOSFET circuit that is connected into synchronous rectification mode, when pwm signal is opened, its grid drives and adopts positive voltage to drive, effectively reduce the forward conduction voltage drop of the endoparasitic body diode of MOSFET, the anti-backflow circuit forming with respect to prior art diode, greatly reduced the voltage drop loss of charge circuit, reduced the difficulty of radiating management, effectively improved the whole efficiency of system, simple for structure, it is convenient to realize, low cost.
The present embodiment also comprises power MOSFET circuit 110, smoothing circuit 108, voltage sampling circuit comprises solar array voltage sample circuit 102 and battery tension sample circuit 104, power MOSFET circuit 110 and current sampling circuit 109, anti-backflow circuit 106, PWM drive circuit 105 connects, smoothing circuit 108 is connected with solar cell 103 is anodal, first port of solar array voltage sample circuit 102 is connected with solar cell 103 is anodal, second port of solar array voltage sample circuit 102 is connected with solar cell 103 negative poles, the control port of solar array voltage sample circuit 102 is connected with central processing unit 100, first port of battery tension sample circuit 104 is connected with solar cell 103 is anodal, second port of battery voltage sampling circuit is connected with solar cell 103 negative poles, the control port of battery tension sample circuit 104 is connected with central processing unit 100.
The PWM drive circuit 105 of the present embodiment comprises driver U1, capacitor C 8, C9, resistance R 13, and the pin 3 of U1 is connected with the signal output pin of central processing unit;
The pin one of U1 is the first output of PWM drive circuit 105;
The pin 5 of U1 is the second output of PWM drive circuit 105;
The pin 8 of U1 is the 3rd output of PWM drive circuit 105;
C9 one end is connected with the pin two of U1, and the other end of C9 is connected with the pin of U1 8;
The pin 7 of one end of C8 and the pin of U1 6, U1 connects direct current, the other end ground connection of C8;
One end of R13 is connected with the pin of U1 3, and the other end of R13 is connected with the pin of U1 4.
The anti-backflow circuit 106 of the present embodiment comprises power MOSFET Q3, resistance R 10, and resistance R 10 one end are connected with the first output of PWM drive circuit, and the R10 other end is connected with the grid of power MOSFET Q3;
The source electrode of Q3 is connected with power MOSFET circuit 110, and the drain electrode of Q3 is connected with the positive pole of storage battery 101.
The circuit of the power MOSFET circuit 110 of the present embodiment adopts MOSFET half-bridge structure, power MOSFET Q1, Q2 form the main circuit of power MOSFET circuit 110, diode D1, resistance R 4, capacitor C 3 form the absorbing circuit of upper brachium pontis power MOSFET Q1, and diode D2, resistance R 5, capacitor C 4 form the absorbing circuit of lower brachium pontis power MOSFET Q2;
The positive pole of D1 is connected with the drain electrode of one end Q1 of R4; The negative pole of D1 is connected with one end of the other end of R4, C3;
The C3 other end is connected with source electrode, the source electrode of Q3, the drain electrode of Q2, the positive pole of D2, one end of R5, the 3rd output of PWM drive circuit 105 of Q1;
The grid of Q1 is connected with PWM drive circuit 105 first outputs;
The negative pole of D2 is connected with one end of the other end of R5, C4;
The other end of C4 and the source ground of Q2;
105 second outputs of the grid of Q2 and PWM drive circuit are connected.
The present embodiment also comprises inductance L 1, resistance R 3, R1, R2, R3, R6, R7, R8, R9, R11, R12, capacitor C 1, C2, C5, C6, C7, diode ZD1, ZD2, transient voltage suppressor diode TVS1, protective tube F1;
The positive pole of TVS1 mono-termination solar cell 103, the negative pole of another termination solar cell 103 of TVS1;
One end of R1 is connected with the positive pole of solar cell 103, one end of L1, and the other end of R1 is connected with one end of one end of R2, C1, the 3rd signal input tube pin of central processing unit 100;
The negative pole of the negative pole of the other end of R2 and solar cell 103, the other end of C1, C2, the source ground of Q2;
The other end of L1 is connected with first signal input tube pin of one end of R3, central processing unit 100;
The other end of R3 is connected with the positive pole of the positive pole of C2, D1, the drain electrode of Q1, second signal input tube pin of central processing unit 100;
One end of R7 is connected with one end of the grid of Q1, R6, the negative pole of ZD1;
The other end of R7 is connected with source electrode, the source electrode of Q3, the 3rd output of PWM drive circuit 105 of the positive pole of ZD1, Q1;
The other end of R6 is connected with PWM drive circuit 105 first outputs;
One end of R9 is connected with one end of the grid of Q2, R8, the negative pole of ZD2;
The negative pole of the source electrode of the other end of R9 and the positive pole of ZD2, Q2, the negative pole of C5, C6, one end of R12, one end of C7, storage battery 101 minus earths;
105 second outputs of the other end of R8 and PWM drive circuit are connected;
The positive pole of C5 is connected with one end of the positive pole of C6, R11, the drain electrode of Q3, one end of F1;
The other end of R11 is connected with the 3rd signal input tube pin of the other end and central processing unit 100 of the R12 other end, C7;
The other end of F1 is connected with storage battery 101 is anodal.
R1, the R2 of the present embodiment, R3, R11, R12 are precision resistance.
Power MOSFET Q1, the Q2 of the present embodiment and the concrete model of Q3 are IPB025N10N3.
The U1 of the present embodiment is high-speed synchronous driver U1, and concrete model is: TPS28225.
The central processing unit 100 of the present embodiment is PSoC central processing unit, and concrete model is: CY8CLED03D02.
The principle of the present embodiment is:
As shown in Figure 2, transient voltage suppressor diode TVS1 is connected between the positive and negative electrode of solar cell 103 inputs;
The sampling of solar cell 103 voltage signals adopts precision resistance dividing potential drop sample mode.Solar cell 103 voltage pressure sampling circuits consist of precision resistance R1, R2 and capacitor C 1, and voltage division signal PV_sense send PSoC central processing unit to carry out A/D conversion, obtain solar cell 103 voltage signals.
The sampling of storage battery 101 voltage signals adopts precision resistance dividing potential drop sample mode.Storage battery 101 voltage pressure sampling circuits consist of precision resistance R11, R12 and capacitor C 7, and voltage division signal Batt_sense send PSoC central processing unit to carry out A/D conversion, obtain storage battery 101 voltage signals.
The sampling of solar cell 103 output currents adopts the mode of series connection precision resistance, solar cell 103 output currents form voltage differential signal PVCurV+ and PVCurV-at accurate sampling resistor R3 two ends, the inside differential operational amplifier that is sent to PSoC carries out differential amplification, then by the A/D converting unit of PSoC, carry out mould/number conversion, obtain solar cell 103 output current signals.
When measuring solar cell 103 output current, adopt the mode of series connection precision resistance, but the high common-mode voltage differential signal that solar cell 103 output currents form at series connection precision resistance two ends, adopt discrete differential operational amplifier to be difficult to bear so high common mode difference input voltage, therefore, measure solar cell 103 output currents and just become a difficult problem.The present invention utilizes the high common-mode voltage differential operational amplifier on PSoC sheet, the high common-mode voltage that has effectively solved solar cell 103 output current sampling existence carries out the technical barrier of differential amplification, simultaneously, reduce component number and the pcb board size of peripheral hardware circuit, improved integrated level and the confidentiality of system.
The driving signal DRVH being sent by the pin one of U1 is the driving signal of upper brachium pontis power MOSFET Q1, and the driving signal DRVL being sent by the pin 5 of U1 is the driving signal of lower brachium pontis power MOSFET Q2;
As shown in Figure 3, U1 is the high-speed synchronous driver U1 of N passage complementary drive power MOSFET, power supply end pin 6, the U1 pin 7 of U1 are connected with DC power supply VDD2, and the pin 4 of U1 is connected with GND publicly, and DC power supply VDD2 is connected with GND publicly by decoupling capacitance C8.The pwm control signal PWM1 that PSoC central processing unit sends delivers to the pin 3 of U1, and meanwhile, the pin of U1 3 is connected with GND publicly through pull down resistor R13.The pin two of U1 is connected by the pin 8 of capacitor C 9 and U1, and the pin 8 of U1 is connected with the source electrode of power MOSFET Q1.The pin one of U1 produces the driving signal DRVH of brachium pontis MOSFET on power MOSFET half-bridge, and the pin 5 of U1 produces the driving signal DRVL of brachium pontis MOSFET under power MOSFET half-bridge.
The present embodiment has also increased lightning protection circuit 107 on the basis of embodiment 1, and one end is connected with solar cell 103 is anodal, and lightning protection circuit 107 other ends are connected with solar cell 103 negative poles.
Because solar cell 103 is to be all exposed to the external world, so lightning protection circuit 107 is set, can further protect solar cell 103, extend the useful life of solar cell 103.
Finally should be noted that; above embodiment is only in order to illustrate technical scheme of the present invention; but not limiting the scope of the invention; although the present invention has been done to explain with reference to preferred embodiment; those of ordinary skill in the art is to be understood that; can modify or be equal to replacement technical scheme of the present invention, and not depart from essence and the scope of technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. one kind is total to the charging circuit of the solar charging controller of ground structure, comprise solar cell, storage battery, central processing unit, PWM drive circuit, current sampling circuit, voltage sampling circuit, PWM drive circuit, current sampling circuit, voltage sampling circuit are connected with central processing unit, it is characterized in that: also comprise anti-backflow circuit, anti-backflow circuit is connected with PWM drive circuit, and the negative pole of solar cell and the negative pole of storage battery meet GND publicly, also comprise power MOSFET circuit, smoothing circuit, voltage sampling circuit comprises solar array voltage sample circuit and battery tension sample circuit, power MOSFET circuit and current sampling circuit, anti-backflow circuit, PWM drive circuit connects, smoothing circuit is connected with solar cell is anodal, solar array voltage sample circuit the first port is connected with solar cell is anodal, solar array voltage sample circuit the second port is connected with solar cell negative pole, the control port of solar array voltage sample circuit is connected with central processing unit, first port of battery tension sample circuit is connected with battery positive voltage, second port of battery tension sample circuit is connected with battery terminal negative, the control port of battery tension sample circuit is connected with central processing unit, wherein smoothing circuit consists of inductance L 1,
Also comprise lightning protection circuit, lightning protection circuit one end is connected with solar cell is anodal, and the lightning protection circuit other end is connected with solar cell negative pole;
Specifically comprise resistance R 1, R2, R11, R12, capacitor C 1, C7, protective tube F1;
One end of R1 is connected with the positive pole of solar cell, and the other end of R1 is connected with one end of one end of R2, C1, the signal input tube pin of central processing unit;
The other end ground connection of the other end of R2 and the negative pole of solar cell, C1;
One end of R11 is connected with one end of F1; The other end of F1 is connected with battery positive voltage;
The other end of R11 is connected with the other end of the R12 other end, C7, the signal input tube pin of central processing unit;
One end of R12, one end of C7, battery terminal negative ground connection;
Anti-backflow circuit comprises power MOSFET Q3, resistance R 10, and resistance R 10 one end are connected with the first output of PWM drive circuit, and the R10 other end is connected with the grid of power MOSFET Q3;
The source electrode of Q3 is connected with power MOSFET circuit, and the drain electrode of Q3 is connected with the positive pole of storage battery;
PWM drive circuit comprises driver U1, capacitor C 8, C9, resistance R 13, and wherein U1 is the high-speed synchronous driver U1 of N passage complementary drive power MOSFET;
The pin 3 of U1 is connected with the signal output pin of central processing unit;
The pin one of U1 is the first output of PWM drive circuit;
The pin 5 of U1 is the second output of PWM drive circuit;
The pin 8 of U1 is the 3rd output of PWM drive circuit;
C9 one end is connected with the pin two of U1, and the other end of C9 is connected with the pin of U1 8;
The pin 7 of one end of C8 and the pin of U1 6, U1 connects direct current, the other end ground connection of C8;
One end of R13 is connected with the pin of U1 3, and the other end of R13 is connected with the pin of U1 4;
Power MOSFET circuit comprises power MOSFET Q1, Q2, diode D1, resistance R 4, capacitor C 3, diode D1, resistance R 4, capacitor C 3 form the absorbing circuit of upper brachium pontis power MOSFET Q1, and diode D2, resistance R 5, capacitor C 4 form the absorbing circuit of lower brachium pontis power MOSFET Q2;
The positive pole of D1 is connected with the drain electrode of one end of R4, Q1; The negative pole of D1 is connected with one end of the other end of R4, C3;
The C3 other end is connected with source electrode, the source electrode of Q3, the drain electrode of Q2, the positive pole of D2, one end of R5, PWM drive circuit the 3rd output of Q1;
The grid of Q1 is connected with PWM drive circuit the first output;
The negative pole of D2 is connected with one end of the other end of R5, C4;
The other end of C4 and the source ground of Q2;
The grid of Q2 is connected with PWM drive circuit the second output;
Also comprise inductance L 1, resistance R 3, R6, R7, R8, R9, capacitor C 2, C5, C6, diode ZD1, ZD2, transient voltage suppressor diode TVS1;
The positive pole of TVS1 mono-termination solar cell, the negative pole of another termination solar cell of TVS1;
One end of R1 is connected with one end of L1;
The negative pole of C2, the source ground of Q2;
The other end of L1 is connected with first signal input tube pin of one end of R3, central processing unit;
The other end of R3 is connected with the positive pole of the positive pole of C2, D1, the drain electrode of Q1, second signal input tube pin of central processing unit;
One end of R7 is connected with one end of the grid of Q1, R6, the negative pole of ZD1;
The other end of R7 is connected with source electrode, the source electrode of Q3, PWM drive circuit the 3rd output of the positive pole of ZD1, Q1;
The other end of R6 is connected with PWM drive circuit the first output;
One end of R9 is connected with one end of the grid of Q2, R8, the negative pole of ZD2;
The source electrode of the other end of R9 and the positive pole of ZD2, Q2, the negative pole of C5, the minus earth of C6;
The other end of R8 is connected with PWM drive circuit the second output;
The positive pole of C5 is connected with the drain electrode of the positive pole of C6, Q3, one end of F1;
Central processing unit is PSoC central processing unit, and concrete model is: CY8CLED03D02.
2. a kind of charging circuit of the solar charging controller of ground structure altogether according to claim 1, is characterized in that: R1, R2, R3, R11, R12 are precision resistance.
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CN102270870A (en) * | 2011-07-27 | 2011-12-07 | 广东易事特电源股份有限公司 | Topological structure of charging circuit of solar controller |
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太阳能LED路灯照明系统的研制;杨晓光等;《电工技术学报》;20100630;第25卷(第6期);第131-132页、图1和图2 * |
杨晓光等.太阳能LED路灯照明系统的研制.《电工技术学报》.2010,第25卷(第6期), |
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