Background technology
Input impedance is the important parameter that characterizes the low-voltage power line transport property, and the input impedance on the low-voltage power line is closely related with the power carrier signal frequency of being transmitted.In theory, do not having load ideally, line of electric force is an equally distributed transmission line of impedance, and under the influence of distributed inductance and distributed capacitance, input impedance should be reduced to certain value along with the increase of frequency; And when on the line of electric force load being arranged, the input impedance of all frequencies all can reduce.But, because the difference of loadtype makes the impedance variation of different frequency also different, so actual conditions are very complicated.Because at random access of loadtype difference, load on the electrical network, cut out, the stoppage in transit of motor, startup, the open and close of household electrical appliance, the access of power factor compensation capacitance, reason such as remove, cause input impedance on the line of electric force along with the variation of frequency acute variation, variation range has surpassed 1000 times, and input impedance is with the variation of frequency and do not meet the Changing Pattern that the increase with frequency under the general imagination reduces, even in contrast.Because these load meetings connect randomly on line of electric force or disconnect, so input impedance still is the function of time, at different time, change by a relatively large margin takes place in the input impedance meeting of line of electric force.
Therefore, because low-voltage power line input impedance is with touchdown point, time, carrier frequency and violent random variation, when design carrier wave transmitter, the output impedance that can't the guaranteed output amplifier and the input impedance of receiver are complementary, and bring very big difficulty to circuit design.
At present, the branch of known low voltage electric network is many, and power network inserts load and has diversity, complicacy and time variation, and the carrier channel impedance of low voltage electric network does not match seriously, influences the real-time reliable transmission of power line carrier.Therefore, under the network operation state, need obtain corresponding data to the carrier channel impedance measurement of power network, so that optimize the power carrier signal transmission and guarantee power line carrier, PLC and the quality of checking meter, the carrier channel impedance measurement method is to adopt high-frequency transformer and resonant circuit and low-voltage power line coupling at present, ratio-voltage is measured the modulus of impedance value, there is following subject matter in they: the frequency characteristic of high-frequency transformer and resonant circuit influences the accuracy of carrier wave measured value, carrier wave survey frequency point is limited, can only measure the modulus of impedance value, not the energy measurement impedance phase.
Summary of the invention
The present invention seeks to influences the accuracy of carrier wave measured value for there is the frequency characteristic of high-frequency transformer and resonant circuit in the method that solves the impedance of present measurement carrier channel, carrier wave survey frequency point is limited, can only measure the modulus of impedance value, the problem of energy measurement impedance phase does not provide a kind of low-voltage power carrier channel impedance proving installation.
The present invention includes DDS carrier signal source, high frequency power amplifier, high-frequency transformer, detuned circuit coupling unit, embedded signal acquisition processing system and free coordinate axis vector test cell,
The startup carrier Control end of embedded signal acquisition processing system links to each other with the signal controlling end in DDS carrier signal source, and the test input/output terminal of embedded signal acquisition processing system links to each other with the test input/output terminal of free coordinate axis vector test cell,
The output terminal in DDS carrier signal source links to each other with the input end of high frequency power amplifier, the output terminal of high frequency power amplifier links to each other with the former limit of high-frequency transformer, pull-up resistor R is connected between the former limit of high frequency power amplifier and high-frequency transformer, the secondary output terminal of high-frequency transformer links to each other with the input end of detuned circuit coupling unit, the output terminal of detuned circuit coupling unit connects two tested low-voltage power lines
Free coordinate axis vector test cell is measured the original edge voltage of high-frequency transformer and is flow through the electric current of the pull-up resistor R that the former limit of high-frequency transformer is provided with.
Advantage of the present invention: adopt high-frequency transformer and detuned circuit coupling unit to solve 80kHz-500kHz carrier wave frequency range coverage, adopt correcting unit to eliminate the frequency characteristic influence of high-frequency transformer and resonant circuit, the measurement respectively that the method that adopts free coordinate axis vector test to combine with correcting unit has solved the mould value and the phase place of impedance.In the 80kHz-500kHz frequency range, can set a plurality of carrier wave impedance measurement Frequency points arbitrarily, can finish the carrier wave complex impedance measurement of setting-up time point, Frequency point, also can carry out the carrier wave complex impedance measurement in real time, automatically write down and store the complex impedance measurement value of setting-up time point every day, Frequency point, can reach by 8 days writing time.Instrument adopts Embedded System Design, and software is finished signals collecting, processing, Measurement Algorithm and telecommunication, adopts the GPRS communication mode, realizes the setting and the control of long-range impedance measurement, and the remote transmission of impedance measurement data.
Embodiment
Embodiment one: present embodiment is described below in conjunction with Fig. 1 to Fig. 2, present embodiment comprises DDS carrier signal source 1, high frequency power amplifier 2, high-frequency transformer 3, detuned circuit coupling unit 4, embedded signal acquisition processing system 5 and free coordinate axis vector test cell 6
The startup carrier Control end of embedded signal acquisition processing system 5 links to each other with the signal controlling end in DDS carrier signal source 1, and the test input/output terminal of embedded signal acquisition processing system 5 links to each other with the test input/output terminal of free coordinate axis vector test cell 6,
The output terminal in DDS carrier signal source 1 links to each other with the input end of high frequency power amplifier 2, the output terminal of high frequency power amplifier 2 links to each other with the former limit of high-frequency transformer 3, pull-up resistor R is connected between the former limit of high frequency power amplifier 2 and high-frequency transformer 3, the secondary output terminal of high-frequency transformer 3 links to each other with the input end of detuned circuit coupling unit 4, the output terminal of detuned circuit coupling unit 4 connects two tested low-voltage power lines
Free coordinate axis vector test cell 6 is measured the original edge voltage of high-frequency transformers 3 and is flow through the electric current of the pull-up resistor R that the former limit of high-frequency transformer 3 is provided with.
The principle of work that apparatus of the present invention are measured: embedded signal acquisition processing system control DDS carrier signal source produces the carrier test signal of changeable frequency, amplification by high frequency power amplifier produces high frequency carrier power source signal and outputs to high-frequency transformer, is sent to the low-voltage power line of tested impedance again by detuned circuit coupling and correcting unit.Embedded signal acquisition processing system control correcting unit, under each carrier frequency point to the correction of frequency characteristic and the record of high-frequency transformer and detuned circuit coupling unit, the embedded signal acquisition processing system is controlled free coordinate axis vector test cell startup work simultaneously, the real part and the imaginary values of gathering the power line carrier complex impedance respectively by carrier wave impedance real part test cell and carrier wave imaginary impedance test cell, by program computing impedance mould value and phase value, and software program is finished the accurate measurement of complex impedance according to the correction of frequency characteristic value correction modulus of impedance value and the phase value of record.
Free coordinate axis vector test cell 6 comprises carrier wave impedance real part test cell 61 and carrier wave imaginary impedance test cell 62, carrier wave impedance real part test cell 61 is used for obtaining according to detected electric signal the real part of impedance of tested low-voltage power line, and export to embedded signal acquisition processing system 5, carrier wave imaginary impedance test cell 62 is used for obtaining according to detected electric signal the imaginary part of the impedance of tested low-voltage power line, and exports to embedded signal acquisition processing system 5.
The measuring task of the free coordinate axis vector test cell 6 of embedded signal acquisition processing system 5 controls, by real part and the imaginary values that carrier wave impedance real part test cell 61 and carrier wave imaginary impedance test cell 62 are gathered the power line carrier complex impedance respectively, calculate, revise the measured value that obtains modulus of impedance and phase place by program.
It can further include correcting unit 7, and the output terminal of detuned circuit coupling unit 4 connects the input end of correcting unit 7, and two output terminals of correcting unit 7 connect the low-voltage power line of survey respectively.Correcting unit 7 is used for the output valve of detuned circuit coupling unit 4 is proofreaied and correct, and the acquisition methods of its correction coefficient is:
Correcting unit 7 built-in normal impedances, the real impedance values of normal impedance is known, measure the measured value that obtains built-in normal impedance by free coordinate axis vector test cell 6, finish impedance correction according to the margin of error of the real impedance values of the measured value of built-in normal impedance and built-in normal impedance, and then obtain tested accurately low-voltage power line impedence actual value tested low-voltage power line.
Emphasis has been considered the interior treatment for correcting to high-frequency transformer 3 and detuned circuit coupling unit 4 of 80kHz-500kHz carrier wave frequency range scope, and correcting unit 7 is connected to detuned circuit coupling unit 4, also is connected to the low-voltage power line of tested impedance simultaneously.
Embedded signal acquisition processing system 5 control correcting units 7, under each carrier frequency point to the correction of frequency characteristic and the record of high-frequency transformer 3 and detuned circuit coupling unit 4, reduce the measurement influence of the frequency characteristic of high-frequency transformer 3 and detuned circuit coupling unit 4 by the software program correction, can carry out measurement less than the little impedance of 2 Ω.
It can further include embedded communication unit 8 and GPRS module 9, the communication input/output terminal of embedded communication unit 8 links to each other with the communication input/output terminal of embedded signal acquisition processing system 5, and the control signal of embedded communication unit 8 is launched by GPRS module 9.Embedded signal acquisition processing system and embedded communication unit carry out data transmission by the RS232C interface, finish telecommunication by the GPRS module, can realize the function such as setting, real-time impedance measuring of setting, the test interval of Long-distance Control carrier wave testing impedance Frequency point.
Instrument of the present invention can be under mains supply, load operation state, measure 220V/380V line of electric force A, B, C, three-phase carrier wave complex impedance simultaneously, carrier wave impedance frequency scope is 80kHz-500kHz, and A, B, C three-phase power line are by cable access carrier testing impedance instrument.The single-phase electricity line of force can be connected, also three-phase power line can be connected.
Instrument of the present invention has accomplished to set every day a plurality of Measuring Time points, carries out the carrier wave complex impedance measurement at the setting-up time point, can write down and store the complex impedance measurement value of setting-up time point every day automatically.Every day, the number of setting-up time point can be adjusted, and can carry out real-time carrier wave complex impedance measurement simultaneously.Can reach 8 days writing time.
The invention instrument adopts Embedded System Design, and software is finished signals collecting, processing, Measurement Algorithm and telecommunication, adopts the GPRS communication mode, realizes the setting and the control of long-range impedance measurement, and the remote transmission of impedance measurement data.