CN102002744B - Plastic electroplating product and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Plastic electroplating product and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN102002744B
CN102002744B CN200910189699XA CN200910189699A CN102002744B CN 102002744 B CN102002744 B CN 102002744B CN 200910189699X A CN200910189699X A CN 200910189699XA CN 200910189699 A CN200910189699 A CN 200910189699A CN 102002744 B CN102002744 B CN 102002744B
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plastic
plating
plastic cement
electroless plating
plated item
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CN102002744A (en
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刘梦辉
刘青松
陈永阳
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Suzhou Shihao Building Materials New Technology Engineering Co Ltd
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BYD Co Ltd
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Abstract

The invention relates to a plastic electroplating product. The plastic electroplating product comprises a substrate and a plastic piece jointed to the substrate through a joint adhesive, wherein the surface of the plastic piece is divided into an electroplating area and at least one non-electroplating area, a circle of insulating oil is coated on the border of the non-electroplating area which comprises an area covered with the insulating oil and an insulating oil ring internal sealed area encircled by the insulating oil, a chemical electroplating layer and an electroplating layer sequentially cover the electroplating area, the chemical electroplating layer contacts with the plastic piece, and the joint adhesive is jointed with the non-electroplating area on the surface of the plastic piece. The invention also relates to the preparation method of the plastic electroplating product which has favorable bonding force and is widely used as spare parts of automobiles, motorcycles, household appliances and mobile phones.

Description

A kind of plastic cement plated item and preparation method thereof
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of plastic cement plated item and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
The plastic cement plated item is because it has in light weight, the easy-formation and the beautiful appearance characteristics of metal plating of plastic cement concurrently; Thereby be widely used in the production of the component of automobile, motorcycle, household electrical appliance, mobile phone, like vehicle door handle, trade mark, mirror, bearing circle, phone housing, button etc.
But the electroplating process of plastic cement plated item is to make plastic rubber member surface form the very thin conductive metal layer of one deck through the electroless plating process in the pre-treatment by galvanized plastic parts; Then through electroplating process with ornamental and functional metal attached to plastic rubber member surface, thereby make plastic parts have the appearance and the performance of metal.General plastic cement plated item only needs to be electroplate with metal plating in appearance and function face, and interior structure zone does not often need plated metal coating.Because the bonding force of metal plating and applying glue is not good enough, the zone that product need be fitted (being plastic parts and the contacted surface of applying glue) can not plated metal coating simultaneously.Therefore, consider effective cost savings and good coating performance, generally need carry out the galvanic insulation processing in non-appearance of product and NOT-function face.
Traditional galvanic insulation method is galvanic insulation oil to be sprayed at need insulating plastic cement surface, and the zone that product need be fitted after electroplating then has only one deck transformer oil and metal plating do not occur, thereby reaches the purpose of minor insulation.But there is following shortcoming in traditional insulating method: (1) transformer oil reacts with the glue of partly fitting, and causes glue not done, and is not firm when the plastic cement plated item is fitted; (2) thickness that electroless plating district transformer oil applies in traditional insulating method is difficult to control, and transformer oil is thin excessively, and can not insulate fully in the electroless plating district to go up metal cladding; Transformer oil is blocked up, increases product thickness, influences the product fitted position; (3) bonding force of transformer oil and plastic rubber substrate is relatively poor, peels off between insulation oil reservoir and the plastic rubber substrate when product after causing fitting carries out the drawing force test.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem that the present invention will solve is the defective that the bonding force of existing plastic cement plated item is poor, peel off easily, thereby the plastic cement plated item that a kind of bonding force is good, be difficult for peeling off is provided.
The invention provides a kind of plastic cement plated item; The plastic parts that this plastic cement plated item comprises base material, fits through applying glue and base material; Wherein, the surface of said plastic parts is divided into electroplating region and at least one electroless plating district, is coated with a circle transformer oil along the edge in said electroless plating district; Said electroless plating district comprises, the inner closed area of the insulation scraper ring that transformer oil region covered and transformer oil encompass; Be covered with chemical plating coating, galvanization coating on the said electroplating region successively, wherein, chemical plating coating contacts with plastic parts, and the electroless plating district of said applying glue and plastic rubber member surface fits.
Another technical problem that the present invention will solve is the defective that the preparation method of existing plastic cement plated item makes the bonding force of plastic cement products poor, peels off easily; A kind of bonding force is good, the preparation method of the plastic cement plated item that is difficult for peeling off thereby provide, and this method may further comprise the steps successively:
A applies a circle transformer oil along the edge in the electroless plating district of plastic parts;
The plastic parts that B will be coated with transformer oil carries out electroless plating;
The plastic parts of C after with electroless plating electroplated again;
D removes the chemical plating coating in the electroless plating zone of the plastic parts after the plating;
E fits with electroless plating district and base material that applying glue is removed chemical plating coating with plastic parts.
The preparation method of plastic cement plated item of the present invention and plastic cement plated item; When the zone that has overcome that product need be fitted in the prior art all is transformer oil; The bad defective of bonding force between transformer oil and plastic parts, the applying glue has promoted the drawing force performance after plastic cement products is fitted.
Embodiment
The invention provides a kind of plastic cement plated item; The plastic parts that this plastic cement plated item comprises base material, fits through applying glue and base material; Wherein, the surface of said plastic parts is divided into electroplating region and at least one electroless plating district, is coated with a circle transformer oil along the edge in said electroless plating district; Said electroless plating district comprises, the inner closed area of the insulation scraper ring that transformer oil region covered and transformer oil encompass; Be covered with chemical plating coating, galvanization coating on the said electroplating region successively, wherein, chemical plating coating contacts with plastic parts, and the electroless plating district of said applying glue and plastic rubber member surface fits.
In order to adapt to the needs to the plastic cement plated item, said plastic parts can be by one or more electroless platings district.The number in said electroless plating district can be decided as required.Under preferable case, said electroless plating district quantity is one.
According to plastic cement plated item provided by the invention, under preferable case, the live width of said insulation scraper ring is more than the 0.4mm.If the live width of insulation scraper ring is higher to the insulating accuracy requirement less than 0.4mm, otherwise causes the subregion not insulate fully easily, possibly causes the electroless plating district to be overflow and plate; The live width no maximum of insulation scraper ring, but in order to guarantee the fitting area and the bonding force of electroless plating district and applying glue, the live width of insulation scraper ring is no more than 0.8mm.
According to plastic cement plated item provided by the invention, under preferable case, the thickness of described chemical plating coating is 0.2-1.0 μ m.If the thickness of chemical plating coating less than 0.2 μ m, is prone to cause product topochemistry coated coating thinner, be difficult to guarantee excellent conducting performance; If the thickness of chemical plating coating can influence the processing of acid cleaning process greater than 1.0 μ m, be difficult to when galvanization coating is not produced injury, not remove chemical plating coating fully.The excessive chemical plating coating of thickness forms bad orders such as pit, pitted skin on the surface of plastic parts easily in the process of removing simultaneously, makes the bonding force of plastic parts and applying glue poor.Said chemical plating coating can pass through the coating that redox reactions obtain for various metals known in those skilled in the art, like metallic copper coating or metallic nickel plated layer.
According to plastic cement plated item provided by the invention, said thickness of plating layer has no particular limits, and can regulate as required.Said electrolytic coating can be that various metals processes as well known to those skilled in the art are electroplated resulting coating; The coating that said electrolytic coating can separate metal forms; Also can be the coating of electroplating the multiple metal that forms through multistep, as being tetra-sodium copper plate, acid copper-plating layer, bright nickel plating layer and chromium coating successively.
According to plastic cement plated item provided by the invention, said base material can be the base material of various material prepns, as being a kind of in plastic cement, metal and the alloy.Under preferable case, said base material can be a kind of in SE, Vestolen PP 7052, Vilaterm, polymeric amide, polyoxymethylene, ROHM, polybutylenes, polyisobutene, tetrafluoroethylene, epoxy resin, resol, urethane, PS, polyethyleneterephthalate, polymethylmethacrylate, acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer, stainless steel, duraluminum and the magnesiumalloy.
According to plastic cement plated item provided by the invention; Said plastic parts can be the plastic parts of various materials; Under preferable case; Said plastic parts is a kind of in SE, Vestolen PP 7052, Vilaterm, polymeric amide, polyoxymethylene, ROHM, polybutylenes, polyisobutene, tetrafluoroethylene, epoxy resin, resol, urethane, PS, polyethyleneterephthalate, polymethylmethacrylate and the acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer, more preferably acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer (ABS).
According to plastic cement plated item provided by the invention, said transformer oil is a various transformer oil known in those skilled in the art, and under preferable case, described transformer oil is a kind of in silicone oil, ester class oil, ethers and sulfone class synthetic oil and the polybutylenes.As can adopt the ABS plastic cement galvanic insulation oil of Shenzhen three power letter Science and Technology Ltd..
The present invention also provides a kind of preparation method of plastic cement plated item, and wherein, this method may further comprise the steps successively:
A applies a circle transformer oil along the edge in the electroless plating district of plastic parts;
The plastic parts that B will be coated with transformer oil carries out electroless plating;
The plastic parts of C after with electroless plating electroplated again;
D removes the chemical plating coating in the electroless plating zone of the plastic parts after the plating;
E fits with electroless plating district and base material that applying glue is removed chemical plating coating with plastic parts.
Electroless plating is to utilize appropriate reductant to make the solution metal ion selectively at reduction precipitating metal coating on the surface of catalyst activation.Chemical plating coating according to the invention can be the coating that various metals as well known to those skilled in the art obtain through reduction reaction.Commonly used is to carry out electroless copper or chemical nickel plating.The plating bath of said electroless copper is 3.0-5.0g/L CuSO 45H 2O, 30-50g/L Seignette salt, 5-10g/L NaOH, 2-5g/L Na 2CO 3, 0.5-2g/L NiCl 2.6H 2O, 10-20mL/L formaldehyde; The condition of said electroless copper is: the temperature of electroless copper is 43-47 ℃, and the time of electroless copper is 4-10min.The plating bath of said chemical nickel plating is the 2-3g/L single nickel salt, the 2-3g/L sodium phosphate, and 8-15g/L ammonium chloride, 5-15g/L Trisodium Citrate, the Ph of said plating bath are 8-10; The condition of said chemical nickel plating is: the temperature of said chemical nickel plating is 28-40 ℃, and the time of said chemical nickel plating is 4-10min.
Plastic parts is through after the electroless plating, and the surface forms layer of metal film, but this metallic membrane is very thin, can not satisfy request for utilization, so need strengthen the surface property of plastic parts through electric plating method.Said plating can be various electro-plating methods as well known to those skilled in the art, as carrying out tetra-sodium copper facing, acid copper-plating, bright nickel plating and chromium plating successively.The copper-plated plating bath of said tetra-sodium is cupric pyrophosphate 200-300g/L, potassium pyrophosphate 40-70g/L.The copper-plated condition of said tetra-sodium is: the copper-plated temperature of said tetra-sodium is 40-50 ℃, and current density is 0.5-2 ampere/square decimeter.The said tetra-sodium copper facing time can decide according to product appearance and performance requriements, is generally 2-5min.The plating bath of said acid copper-plating is: copper sulfate 160-260g/L, potassium pyrophosphate 40-100g/L.The condition of said electroplating acid copper is: the temperature of the plating bath of said electroplating acid copper is 20-30 ℃, and the current density of said electroplating acid copper is 4-6 ampere/square decimeter.The time of said electroplating acid copper can decide according to product appearance and performance requriements, is generally 2-20min.The plating bath of said bright nickel plating is: single nickel salt 110-400g/L, nickelous chloride 40-150g/L, boric acid 40-50g/L.The condition of said bright nickel plating is: the temperature of the plating bath of said bright nickel plating is 50-60 ℃, and the current density of said bright nickel plating is 4-6 ampere/square decimeter.The time of said bright nickel plating can decide according to product appearance and performance requriements, is generally 2-8min.Said chromed plating bath is: Cr 3+20-30g/L, H 3BO 340-110g/L, stablizer 55-85ml/L.Said chromed bath temperature is 30-40 ℃, and the time is 1-5min, and current density is 8-16 ampere/square decimeter.
According to the preparation method of plastic cement plated item provided by the invention, under preferable case, can carry out in order to make redox reaction, before said electroless plating, plastic parts is carried out surface active.Said activatory process comprises oil removing, alligatoring, neutralization, preimpregnation, heavy palladium, dispergation.
Said oil removing is in order to guarantee plastic parts product surface cleaning, no greasy dirt, and it is even and bonding force is good to make product electroplate afterwards coating.Said degreasing fluid is: 40-60g/L NaOH.The time of said oil removing is 3-5min, and it is 50-60 ℃ that temperature is put in said oil removing.
The purpose of said alligatoring is to improve the wetting ability roughness suitable with formation on plastic cement surface, to guarantee coating good bonding force is arranged.The method of alligatoring has mechanical alligatoring, solvent-swollen alligatoring, chemical roughen.Can be according to the method for roughening of definite selections such as the size of plastic parts product, shape, quantity.What the present invention selected for use is the chemical roughen method.Said coarsening solution is: sulfuric acid .300-430g/L, chromic anhydride 320-430g/L and Cr 3+0-45g/L.The time of said alligatoring is 5-20min, and the temperature of said alligatoring is 60-75 ℃.
In order to clean in the coarsening process at the sexavalent chrome of plastic cement remained on surface, the present invention also preferably neutralizes to it with HCl15-35g/L, and said neutralization is to put at ambient temperature, and the used time that neutralizes is 10-30S.
For further cleaning product is surperficial, guarantee good heavy palladium effect simultaneously, said preimpregnation solutions employed is NaCl 15-25g/L, HCl 60-80g/L.Said preimpregnation is carried out at normal temperature, and the time of said preimpregnation is 10-60S.
The purpose of heavy palladium is exactly in order to have the colloid of palladium atom at plastic rubber member surface absorption one deck, so that when dispergation was handled, the technology that will have katalysis was discharged into plastic rubber member surface by atom.The used reducing substances of said heavy palladium is a lot, and like SnCl2, TiCl3, SnSO4 etc., acvator commonly used is the salt of some precious metals, and the used solution of said heavy palladium is preferably Pd 20-50ppm in the present invention, hydrochloric acid 70-110g/L, Sn 2+1-5g/L.The temperature of said heavy palladium is 38-45 ℃, and the time is 2-4min.
In heavy palladium process, can be the micelle of core with the atom palladium, can play katalysis, need to be attached to atom Bivalent Tin on every side, promptly carry out dispergation of the present invention and handle in order to make palladium in the plastic cement surface adsorption.Said dispergation solutions employed is the sulfuric acid of 60-80g/L.The temperature of said dispergation is 35-45 ℃, and the used time of said dispergation is 1-3min.
According to the preparation method of plastic cement plated item provided by the invention, the method for the chemical plating coating in said electroless plating zone of removing the plastic parts after the plating is to carry out pickling with pickle solution.Said pickle solution is that volumetric concentration is the aqueous nitric acid of 40%-50%, and the temperature of said pickling is 20 ℃-45 ℃, and the time of pickling is 10-30S.Said pickle solution can be removed the chemical plating coating in electroless plating district very completely and not damage the coating and the plastic parts of electroplating region.
The plastic cement plated item that the present invention obtains has good bonding force, is widely used in the component of automobile, motorcycle, household electrical appliance, mobile phone.
According to embodiment the present invention is further explained below.
Embodiment 1
Present embodiment is an example with ABS plastic parts 4*2*1cm, and ABS is carried out following processing successively:
1) applies transformer oil
Do not need on the ABS surface to apply a circle transformer oil (Shenzhen's three power letter ABS of Science and Technology Ltd. plastic cement galvanic insulation oil SLG-100-20L/ bucket-green) around the galvanized zone.The width of transformer oil is 0.4mm.
2) oil removing
ABS after the step 1) processing is placed on: carry out oil removing in the degreasing fluid of NaOH 50g/L, temperature is 60 ℃, and the time is 4min.
3) alligatoring
To pass through step 2) ABS after handling is placed on: sulfuric acid 400g/L, chromic anhydride 380g/L, Cr 3+Carry out alligatoring in the coarsening solution of 30g/L, the alligatoring temperature is 70 ℃, and coarsening time is 15min.
4) neutralization
ABS after the alligatoring is neutralized with HCl 25g/L, and the neutral temperature is a room temperature, and the time is 20S.
5) preimpregnation
ABS after the neutralization is placed NaCl20g/L, carry out preimpregnation in the solution of HCl70g/L, the temperature of preimpregnation is a room temperature, and the time is 30S.
6) heavy palladium
ABS after the preimpregnation is placed Pd 30ppm, hydrochloric acid 90g/L, Sn 2+Carry out depositing Pd in the solution of 3g/L, the temperature of heavy palladium is 42 ℃, and the time is 3min.
7) dispergation
ABS behind the heavy palladium is carried out dispergation, and the used solution of dispergation is the sulfuric acid of 50g/L, and the temperature of dispergation is 40 ℃, and the used time of dispergation is 2min.
8) chemical nickel plating
The ABS that will pass through above-mentioned processing carries out chemical nickel plating, and the plating bath of chemical nickel plating is 2.5g/L single nickel salt, 2.5g/L sodium phosphate, 12g/L ammonium chloride, 9g/L Trisodium Citrate, and the Ph of plating bath is 9.The bath temperature of chemical nickel plating is 35 ℃, and the time of chemical nickel plating is 8min.The thickness of resulting chemical Ni-plating layer is 0.8 micron.
9) tetra-sodium copper facing
The ABS that will pass through chemical nickel plating carries out tetra-sodium copper facing, and the copper-plated plating bath of tetra-sodium is cupric pyrophosphate 250g/L, potassium pyrophosphate 5g/L, and the copper-plated bath temperature of tetra-sodium is 50 ℃, and the time is 3min, and current density is 1 ampere/square decimeter.
10) acid copper-plating
The ABS that will pass through the step 9) processing carries out acid copper-plating, and the plating bath of acid copper-plating is: copper sulfate 200g/L, potassium pyrophosphate 70g/L.The temperature of the plating bath of electroplating acid copper is 20 ℃, and the time is 10min, and the current density of electroplating acid copper is 5 amperes/square decimeter.
11) bright nickel plating
The ABS that will pass through the step 10) processing carries out bright nickel plating, and the plating bath of bright nickel plating is: single nickel salt 250g/L, nickelous chloride 80g/L, boric acid 45g/L.The temperature of the plating bath of bright nickel plating is 60 ℃, and the time is 4min, and the current density of bright nickel plating is 5 amperes/square decimeter.
12) chromium plating
The ABS that will pass through the step 11) processing carries out chromium plating, and chromed plating bath is: Cr 3+30g/L, H 3BO 380g/L, stablizer 65ml/L.Chromed bath temperature is 40 ℃, and the time is 3min, and current density is 12 amperes/square decimeter.
13) pickling
The ABS that will pass through the step 12) processing carries out pickling, and pickle solution is that volumetric concentration is 40% aqueous nitric acid.The temperature of pickling is 30 ℃, and the time is 20S.
14) fit
With applying glue the electroless plating district of removing chemical plating coating and the substrate (stainless steel) of plastic parts are fitted, promptly obtain plastic cement products A1 of the present invention.
Embodiment 2
Method according to embodiment 1 prepares the plastic cement plated item, and different is that chemical nickel plating changes electroless copper into, and plating bath is 3.5g/L CuSO 45H 2O, 35g/L Seignette salt, 7g/L NaOH, 3g/LNa 2CO 3, 1g/L N iCl 2.6H 2O, 5mL/L formaldehyde.The electroless plating temperature is 45 ℃, and the time of electroless plating is 8min, and base material is a Vilaterm, and the product of preparation is A2.
Comparative Examples 1
Method according to embodiment 1 prepares the plastic cement plated item, and different is, will not need galvanized zone all to apply transformer oil, obtains product B 1.
The drawing force test
The plastic cement plated item B1 that plastic cement plated item A1-A2 that embodiment 1-2 is obtained and Comparative Examples 1 obtain is placed on material testing machine, and (crystal-clear automatic contact engaging and separating force experimental machine is won in Taiwan; F460001) carry out the drawing force test on; Concrete test procedure does, A1, A2 or B1 are fixed on the test machine, and it applies pulling force upwards then; With test its draft that can bear, the result is as shown in table 1.
Table 1
The plastic parts plated item Drawing force (newton)
Embodiment 1 A1 12N
Embodiment 2 A2 12N
Comparative Examples 1 B1 8N
From table 1, can find out; Embodiment 1 is 12N with the drawing force of the plastic cement plated item that embodiment 2 obtains; The drawing force 8N of the plastic cement products that obtains greater than Comparative Examples 1; Plastic cement plated item of the present invention thus has good bonding force, and range applications is in the component of automobile, motorcycle, household electrical appliance, mobile phone.

Claims (10)

1. plastic cement plated item; The plastic parts that this plastic cement plated item comprises base material, fits through applying glue and base material; It is characterized in that: the surface of said plastic parts is divided into electroplating region and at least one electroless plating district, is coated with a circle transformer oil along the edge in said electroless plating district; Said electroless plating district comprises, the inner closed area of the insulation scraper ring that transformer oil region covered and transformer oil encompass; Be covered with chemical plating coating, galvanization coating on the said electroplating region successively, wherein, chemical plating coating contacts with plastic parts, and the electroless plating district of said applying glue and plastic rubber member surface fits.
2. plastic cement plated item according to claim 1, wherein, said electroless plating district quantity is one.
3. plastic cement plated item according to claim 1, the live width of said insulation scraper ring are 0.4mm-0.8mm.
4. plastic cement plated item according to claim 1, the thickness of described chemical plating coating are 0.2-1.0 μ m.
5. plastic cement plated item according to claim 1, said base material are a kind of in plastic cement, metal and the alloy.
6. according to any described plastic cement plated item of claim 1-5, said plastic parts is a kind of in SE, Vestolen PP 7052, Vilaterm, polymeric amide, polyoxymethylene, ROHM, polybutylenes, polyisobutene, tetrafluoroethylene, epoxy resin, resol, urethane, PS, polyethyleneterephthalate, polymethylmethacrylate and the acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer.
7. the preparation method of the described plastic cement plated item of claim 1 is characterized in that, this method may further comprise the steps successively:
A applies a circle transformer oil along the edge in the electroless plating district of plastic parts;
The plastic parts that B will be coated with transformer oil carries out electroless plating;
The plastic parts of C after with electroless plating electroplated again;
D removes the chemical plating coating in the electroless plating zone of the plastic parts after the plating;
E fits with electroless plating district and base material that applying glue is removed chemical plating coating with plastic parts.
8. the preparation method of plastic cement plated item according to claim 7 carried out surface active to plastic parts before said electroless plating.
9. the preparation method of plastic cement plated item according to claim 7, the method for chemical plating coating of removing the electroless plating zone of the plastic parts after the plating is to carry out pickling with pickle solution.
10. the preparation method of plastic cement plated item according to claim 9, said pickle solution is that volumetric concentration is the aqueous nitric acid of 40%-50%, and the temperature of said pickling is 20 ℃-45 ℃, and the time of pickling is 10-30S.
CN200910189699XA 2009-08-31 2009-08-31 Plastic electroplating product and preparation method thereof Expired - Fee Related CN102002744B (en)

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CN102787336B (en) * 2011-05-16 2016-06-01 深圳市信濠精密技术股份有限公司 One carries out electric plating method on plastic parts
CN102268673B (en) * 2011-06-07 2014-10-29 广东联塑科技实业有限公司 Method for preparing selective absorption coating of plastic solar thermal collector
CN103757677B (en) * 2013-11-29 2017-01-25 云南云天化股份有限公司 Polyformaldehyde product surface processing method
CN107034464B (en) * 2015-07-23 2019-03-19 中国兵器工业第五九研究所 A kind of preparation method of multifunctional protection layer
CN105239119A (en) * 2015-11-09 2016-01-13 芜湖华宇彩晶科技有限公司 Plastic electroplating spraying method
CN105931912B (en) * 2016-05-13 2018-12-21 兴科电子(东莞)有限公司 A kind of technique directly printing pattern in plastic water plating keycap
CN110093645A (en) * 2019-05-31 2019-08-06 厦门大学 Plastic electroplating method
CN111996567A (en) * 2020-09-03 2020-11-27 深圳市生利科技有限公司 Chromium plating process for PA plastic material and product thereof

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