CN102001779B - Method for treating electroplating waste water containing heavy metal by electric flocculation-active carbon adsorption method - Google Patents
Method for treating electroplating waste water containing heavy metal by electric flocculation-active carbon adsorption method Download PDFInfo
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- CN102001779B CN102001779B CN2010106006959A CN201010600695A CN102001779B CN 102001779 B CN102001779 B CN 102001779B CN 2010106006959 A CN2010106006959 A CN 2010106006959A CN 201010600695 A CN201010600695 A CN 201010600695A CN 102001779 B CN102001779 B CN 102001779B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for treating electroplating waste water containing heavy metal by an electric flocculation-active carbon adsorption method, which relates to a method for treating the electroplating waste water. By using the method of the invention, the problems that the electroplating waste water containing the heavy metal after being treated by a chemical method can not be recycled and the floor space of equipment is large are solved. The method comprises an electric flocculation unit and an active carbon unit. The method of the invention comprises the following steps: firstly, enabling the waste water containing the heavy metal to enter the electric flocculation unit; removing a large amount of heavy metal ions by an electric flocculation-electric gas flotation effect; then statically settling the treated water to float a large amount of floc or gas on the water surface; or settling to discharge the middle waste water to enter the active carbon treating unit; removing the residual trace heavy metal by the adsorptive action; and finally discharging the water. The effluent water quality of the waste water treated by the method meets the national standard and can be recycled, and the floor space of the equipment is small.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method of handling electroplating wastewater.
Background technology
Along with the continuous development of social productive forces, a large amount of being discharged in the surrounding enviroment of waste gas, waste water, waste residue that from produce, produces, caused pollution also is on the rise.Plating, petrochemical industry, pharmacy are the three big contamination industry in the current whole world.With regard to China's electroplating wastewater, national Electroplate Factory has about 10,000 families approximately, and the waste water of annual discharging reaches 4,000,000,000 m
3More than.Contain plurality of heavy metal ion, prussiate and objectionable impuritiess such as organic and mineral compound in the electroplating wastewater,, still have a large amount of pollutents to pour in rivers,lakes and seas though effectively administer through part, perhaps infiltrate the soil bottom, pollute underground water source, destroyed the eubiosis, jeopardized human health.Because the water quality more complicated of electroplating wastewater, composition are difficult to control, heavy metal ion such as the chromium that wherein contains, copper, lead, zinc, lead and fluorochemical, prussiate are difficult to utilize with the biochemical process degraded, therefore become the improvement difficult point of trade effluent.Present stage, the conventional processing for electroplating wastewater adopted chemical method usually, chemical method adds chemical agent exactly in waste water, change the chemical property of water pollutant by chemical reaction, make it become harmless or be easy to material with water sepn, thereby reach the purpose of removal, mainly comprise chemical oxidization method, chemical reduction method, chemical precipitation method, chemical neutralisation.The chemical Treatment electroplating wastewater, technical comparatively ripe, have characteristics such as less investment, processing cost are low, simple to operate, be adapted to the improvement of all kinds of electroplating wastewaters.But the weak point of chemical method is that water of productive use can not be recycled, and occupation area of equipment is bigger, and the mud that produces does not easily cause secondary pollution problems if do not deal carefully with.
Originally research and propose electricity consumption flocculation-active carbon adsorption combined treatment electroplating wastewater,, be applied in less on the electroplating wastewater processing though electric flocculation technique is being applied aspect some Industrial Wastewater Treatment.Containing a large amount of heavy metal ion and organism in the electroplating wastewater, is a dispersion system stable, that specific conductivity is higher, and it is feasible using theoretically that electric flocculation technique handles.But only use electric flocculation technique and also be not enough to remove all objectionable impuritiess in the electroplating wastewater, therefore utilize charcoal absorption, in subsequent disposal, remove not removed organism and micro heavy, make effluent quality reach discharging standards as auxiliary process.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem that the present invention solves is to adopt containing heavy metal-containing electroplating effluent and can not recycle after the chemical Treatment in order to solve, and the problem that occupation area of equipment is big provides the processing of a kind of electricity flocculation-active carbon adsorption to contain the method for heavy metal-containing electroplating effluent.
It is as follows that electricity flocculation-active carbon adsorption is handled the method that contains heavy metal-containing electroplating effluent: one, electricity flocculation unit: regulating the pH value that contains heavy metal-containing electroplating effluent is 5.0～6.0, then by electricity flocculation unit, electrolysis time is 30min～1h, quiet heavy 20min, wherein the unitary electric current of electricity flocculation is controlled by constant voltage supply, the input voltage of constant voltage supply is 1V～220V, output voltage is 1V～30V, outward current is 1A～3A, what electrode adopted is the fine aluminium electrode, and fine aluminium electrode pad spacing is 1cm～5cm; Two, gac unit: regulating the unitary water outlet pH value of electricity flocculation is 6.0, enters the gac unit then, and the dosage of gac unit activity charcoal is 2g/L, and hydraulic detention time is 30min, draining.
The present invention proposes electricity consumption flocculation-active carbon adsorption combined treatment electroplating wastewater, contain a large amount of heavy metal ion and organism in the electroplating wastewater, be a dispersion system stable, that specific conductivity is higher, it is feasible using theoretically that electric flocculation technique handles.But only use electric flocculation technique and also be not enough to remove all objectionable impuritiess in the electroplating wastewater, therefore utilize charcoal absorption, in subsequent disposal, remove not removed organism and micro heavy, make effluent quality reach discharging standards as auxiliary process.
The inventive method makes heavy metal wastewater thereby at first enter electricity flocculation unit, utilize electric flocculation electro air supporting effect to remove for the plurality of heavy metal ion, it is quiet heavy then treated water to be carried out, so that a large amount of flcos or air supporting are in the water surface, perhaps precipitate, discharge intermediary waste water and enter the activated carbon treatment unit, utilize adsorption to remove wherein remaining micro heavy, last draining, the every effluent quality of waste water that adopts present method to handle satisfies national standard, can recycle, occupation area of equipment is little.
Embodiment
Technical solution of the present invention is not limited to following cited embodiment, also comprises the arbitrary combination between each embodiment.
Embodiment one: the method that electric flocculation-active carbon adsorption processing contains heavy metal-containing electroplating effluent in the present embodiment is as follows: one, electricity flocculation unit: regulating the pH value that contains heavy metal-containing electroplating effluent is 5.0～6.0, then by electricity flocculation unit, electrolysis time is 30min～1h, quiet heavy 20min, wherein the unitary electric current of electricity flocculation is controlled by constant voltage supply, the input voltage of constant voltage supply is 1V～220V, output voltage is 1V～30V, outward current is 1A～3A, what electrode adopted is the fine aluminium electrode, and fine aluminium electrode pad spacing is 1cm～5cm; Two, gac unit: regulating the unitary water outlet pH value of electricity flocculation is 6.0, enters the gac unit then, and the dosage of gac unit activity charcoal is 2g/L, and hydraulic detention time is 30min, draining.
Embodiment two: what present embodiment and embodiment one were different is that electrolysis time is 40min～50min in the step 1.Other is identical with embodiment one.
Embodiment three: present embodiment and embodiment one are different is that the outward current of constant voltage supply in the step 1 is 2A.Other is identical with embodiment one.
Embodiment four: what present embodiment and embodiment one were different is that fine aluminium electrode pad spacing is 2cm～4cm in the step 1.Other is identical with embodiment one.
Embodiment five: what present embodiment and embodiment one were different is that fine aluminium electrode pad spacing is 3cm in the step 1.Other is identical with embodiment one.
Embodiment six: the method that electric flocculation-active carbon adsorption processing contains heavy metal-containing electroplating effluent in the present embodiment is as follows: one, electricity flocculation unit: regulating the pH value that contains heavy metal-containing electroplating effluent is 5.0, then by electricity flocculation unit, electrolysis time is 30min, wherein the unitary electric current of electricity flocculation is controlled by constant voltage supply, the input voltage of constant voltage supply is 1V, and output voltage is 1V, and outward current is 1A, what electrode adopted is the fine aluminium electrode, and fine aluminium electrode pad spacing is 1cm; Two, gac unit: regulating the unitary water outlet pH value of electricity flocculation is 6.0, enters the gac unit then, and the dosage of gac unit activity charcoal is 2g/L, and hydraulic detention time is 30min, draining.
Embodiment seven: the method that electric flocculation-active carbon adsorption processing contains heavy metal-containing electroplating effluent in the present embodiment is as follows: one, electricity flocculation unit: regulating the pH value that contains heavy metal-containing electroplating effluent is 6.0, then by electricity flocculation unit, electrolysis time is 1h, wherein the unitary electric current of electricity flocculation is controlled by constant voltage supply, the input voltage of constant voltage supply is 220V, and output voltage is 30V, and outward current is 3A, what electrode adopted is the fine aluminium electrode, and fine aluminium electrode pad spacing is 5cm; Two, gac unit: regulating the unitary water outlet pH value of electricity flocculation is 6.0, enters the gac unit then, and the dosage of gac unit activity charcoal is 2g/L, and hydraulic detention time is 30min, draining.
Embodiment eight: the method that electric flocculation-active carbon adsorption processing contains heavy metal-containing electroplating effluent in the present embodiment is as follows: one, electricity flocculation unit: regulating the pH value that contains heavy metal-containing electroplating effluent is 5.5, then by electricity flocculation unit, electrolysis time is 40min, wherein the unitary electric current of electricity flocculation is controlled by constant voltage supply, the input voltage of constant voltage supply is 100V, output voltage is 20V, outward current is 2A, what electrode adopted is the fine aluminium electrode, and fine aluminium electrode pad spacing is 3cm; Two, gac unit: regulating the unitary water outlet pH value of electricity flocculation is 6.0, enters the gac unit then, and the dosage of gac unit activity charcoal is 2g/L, and hydraulic detention time is 30min, draining.
Embodiment nine: the method that electric flocculation-active carbon adsorption processing contains heavy metal-containing electroplating effluent in the present embodiment is as follows: one, electricity flocculation unit: regulating the pH value that contains heavy metal-containing electroplating effluent is 5.0, then by electricity flocculation unit, electrolysis time is 50min, wherein the unitary electric current of electricity flocculation is controlled by constant voltage supply, the input voltage of constant voltage supply is 120V, output voltage is 15V, outward current is 1.5A, what electrode adopted is the fine aluminium electrode, and fine aluminium electrode pad spacing is 4cm; Two, gac unit: the unitary water outlet of electricity flocculation enters the gac unit, and the dosage of gac unit activity charcoal is 2g/L, and hydraulic detention time is 30min, draining.
Embodiment ten: utilize the electricity flocculation unit heavy metal ion Cr higher in the present embodiment to content in the heavy metal wastewater thereby
6+Remove experiment, method is as follows: to the 1L initial pH value be 5.0, starting point concentration is the Cr that contains of 20mg/L
6+Adding 5mmolNaCl in the waste water, is that 1cm, current density are 8mA/cm in fine aluminium electrode pad spacing then
2, temperature is electrolysis 1h under 25 ℃ the condition, quiet then heavy 20min.
The method that adopts this enforcement after measured is to containing Cr
6+Cr in the waste water
6+Clearance can reach more than 80%.
Embodiment 11: utilize electricity flocculation unit that the higher heavy metal ion F-of content in the heavy metal wastewater thereby is removed experiment in the present embodiment, method is as follows: to the 1L initial pH value be 5.0, starting point concentration is the F that contains of 40mg/L
-Adding 5mmolNaCl in the waste water, is that 1cm, current density are 4mA/cm in fine aluminium electrode pad spacing then
2, temperature is electrolysis 1h under 25 ℃ the condition, quiet then heavy 20min.
The method that adopts this enforcement after measured is to containing F
-F in the waste water
-Clearance can reach about 90%.
Embodiment 12: utilize the electricity flocculation unit heavy metal ion Cu higher in the present embodiment to content in the heavy metal wastewater thereby
2+Remove experiment, method is as follows: to the 1L initial pH value be 5.0, starting point concentration is the Cu that contains of 100mg/L
2+Adding 5mmolNaCl in the waste water, is that 1cm, current density are 2mA/cm in fine aluminium electrode pad spacing then
2, temperature is electrolysis 1h under 25 ℃ the condition, quiet then heavy 20min.
Adopt after measured in the method water outlet of this enforcement and contain Cu
2+Amount can reach below the 10mg/L.
Embodiment 13: utilize the electricity flocculation unit heavy metal ion Pb higher in the present embodiment to content in the heavy metal wastewater thereby
2+Remove experiment, method is as follows: to the 1L initial pH value be 5.0, starting point concentration is the Pb that contains of 100mg/L
2+Adding 5mmolNaCl in the waste water, is that 1cm, current density are 2mA/cm in fine aluminium electrode pad spacing then
2, temperature is electrolysis 1h under 25 ℃ the condition, quiet then heavy 20min.
The method that adopts this enforcement after measured is to containing Pb
2+Pb in the waste water
2+Clearance can reach 40%.
Embodiment 14: utilize the electricity flocculation unit heavy metal ion Zn higher in the present embodiment to content in the heavy metal wastewater thereby
2+Remove experiment, method is as follows: to the 1L initial pH value be 4.0, starting point concentration is the Zn that contains of 40mg/L
2+Adding 5mmolNaCl in the waste water, is that 1cm, current density are 2mA/cm in fine aluminium electrode pad spacing then
2, temperature is electrolysis 1h under 25 ℃ the condition, quiet then heavy 20min.
Adopt after measured in the method water outlet of this enforcement and contain Zn
2++Amount can reach below the 5mg/L.
Embodiment 15: utilize the gac unit heavy metal ion Cr higher in the present embodiment to content in the heavy metal wastewater thereby
6+Remove experiment, method is as follows: get the 0.1g gac and put into iodine flask, pouring the 50ml starting point concentration into is the Cr of 20mg/L
6+Solution is regulated pH value to 6.0 with HCl and NaOH, and temperature is 25 ± 2 ℃, takes a sample behind the vibration 60min in water bath chader, and centrifugal sample is got supernatant liquor spectrophotometry Cr
6+Ionic concn.
The method gac that adopts present embodiment is for Cr
6+Clearance be 76%.
Embodiment 16: utilize the gac unit heavy metal ion Cu higher in the present embodiment to content in the heavy metal wastewater thereby
2+Remove experiment, method is as follows: get the 0.1g gac and put into iodine flask, pouring the 50ml starting point concentration into is the Cu of 20mg/L
2+Solution is regulated pH value to 6.0 with HCl and NaOH, and temperature is 25 ± 2 ℃, takes a sample behind the vibration 60min in water bath chader, and centrifugal sample is got supernatant liquor spectrophotometry Cu
2+Ionic concn.
The method gac that adopts present embodiment is for Cu
2+Clearance be 53%.
Embodiment 17: utilize the gac unit heavy metal ion Zn higher in the present embodiment to content in the heavy metal wastewater thereby
2+Remove experiment, method is as follows: get the 0.1g gac and put into iodine flask, pouring the 50ml starting point concentration into is the Zn of 20mg/L
2+Solution is regulated pH value to 6.0 with HCl and NaOH, and temperature is 25 ± 2 ℃, takes a sample behind the vibration 60min in water bath chader, and centrifugal sample is got supernatant liquor spectrophotometry Zn
2+Ionic concn.
The method gac that adopts present embodiment is for Zn
2+Clearance be 51%.
Embodiment 18: utilize the gac unit heavy metal ion Pb higher in the present embodiment to content in the heavy metal wastewater thereby
2+Remove experiment, method is as follows: get the 0.1g gac and put into iodine flask, pouring the 50ml starting point concentration into is the Pb of 20mg/L
2+Solution is regulated pH value to 6.0 with HCl and NaOH, and temperature is 25 ± 2 ℃, takes a sample behind the vibration 60min in water bath chader, and centrifugal sample is got supernatant liquor spectrophotometry Pb
2+Ionic concn.
The method gac that adopts present embodiment is for Pb
2+Clearance be 72%.
Embodiment 19: adopt electricity flocculation-active carbon adsorption to handle in the present embodiment and mix Cleaning Wastewater after the method that contains heavy metal-containing electroplating effluent is handled Harbin Electroplate Factory pickling plating piece copper, concrete grammar is as follows: one, electricity flocculation unit: regulating the pH value that contains heavy metal-containing electroplating effluent is 5.0, then by electricity flocculation unit, electrolysis time is 30min, wherein the unitary electric current of electricity flocculation is controlled by constant voltage supply, what electrode adopted is the fine aluminium electrode, fine aluminium electrode pad spacing is 3cm, and strength of current is 2mA/cm
2Two, gac unit: regulating the unitary water outlet pH value of electricity flocculation is 6.0, enters the gac unit then, and the dosage of gac unit activity charcoal is 2g/L, and hydraulic detention time is 30min, draining.
The water quality such as the table 1 that mix Cleaning Wastewater in the present embodiment behind the Harbin Electroplate Factory pickling plating piece copper:
Table 1
Claims (5)
1. electricity flocculation-active carbon adsorption is handled the method that contains heavy metal-containing electroplating effluent, it is as follows to it is characterized in that electricity flocculation-active carbon adsorption is handled the method that contains heavy metal-containing electroplating effluent: one, electricity flocculation unit: regulating the pH value that contains heavy metal-containing electroplating effluent is 5.0～6.0, then by electricity flocculation unit, electrolysis time is 30min～1h, quiet heavy 20min, wherein the unitary electric current of electricity flocculation is controlled by constant voltage supply, the input voltage of constant voltage supply is 1V～220V, output voltage is 1V～30V, outward current is 1A～3A, what electrode adopted is the fine aluminium electrode, and fine aluminium electrode pad spacing is 1cm～5cm; Two, gac unit: regulating the unitary water outlet pH value of electricity flocculation is 6.0, enters the gac unit then, and the dosage of gac unit activity charcoal is 2g/L, and hydraulic detention time is 30min, draining.
2. handle the method that contains heavy metal-containing electroplating effluent according to the described electricity of claim 1 flocculation-active carbon adsorption, it is characterized in that electrolysis time is 40min～50min in the step 1.
3. handle the method that contains heavy metal-containing electroplating effluent according to the described electricity of claim 1 flocculation-active carbon adsorption, the outward current that it is characterized in that constant voltage supply in the step 1 is 2A.
4. handle the method that contains heavy metal-containing electroplating effluent according to the described electricity of claim 1 flocculation-active carbon adsorption, it is characterized in that fine aluminium electrode pad spacing is 2cm～4cm in the step 1.
5. handle the method that contains heavy metal-containing electroplating effluent according to the described electricity of claim 1 flocculation-active carbon adsorption, it is characterized in that fine aluminium electrode pad spacing is 3cm in the step 1.
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| CN102351280A (en) * | 2011-09-14 | 2012-02-15 | 北京大学深圳研究生院 | Method for treating leachate containing cadmium slags by utilizing electric flocculation method |
| CN102531111A (en) * | 2012-01-18 | 2012-07-04 | 北京大学 | Device and method for treating zinc smelting waste water by using parallelly-connected aluminum electrodes with electro-coagulation method |
| CN102942287A (en) * | 2012-11-08 | 2013-02-27 | 常德力元新材料有限责任公司 | Method for processing electroplating wastewater |
| CN104556497B (en) * | 2014-12-12 | 2017-02-22 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | Method and device for removing organic pollutants in lignite upgrading condensed water |
| CN105174562A (en) * | 2015-09-14 | 2015-12-23 | 北京京润环保科技股份有限公司 | Method for electric flocculation treatment of heavy metal wastewater |
| CN109231607A (en) * | 2018-11-26 | 2019-01-18 | 佛山科学技术学院 | A kind of device and method by electric flocculation and microfiltration membranes combination processing industrial wastewater |
| CN109205878A (en) * | 2018-11-28 | 2019-01-15 | 佛山科学技术学院 | A kind of electric flocculation device and method handling effluent containing heavy metal ions |
| CN110040900A (en) * | 2019-04-23 | 2019-07-23 | 襄阳先创环保科技有限公司 | A kind of processing method of electroplating wastewater |
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