CN101986364A - Road traffic signal control machine - Google Patents
Road traffic signal control machine Download PDFInfo
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- CN101986364A CN101986364A CN2010102716747A CN201010271674A CN101986364A CN 101986364 A CN101986364 A CN 101986364A CN 2010102716747 A CN2010102716747 A CN 2010102716747A CN 201010271674 A CN201010271674 A CN 201010271674A CN 101986364 A CN101986364 A CN 101986364A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a road traffic signal control machine comprising a central processing unit for the traffic signal control machine, a programmable ASIC (application specific integrated circuit), a storage unit, a positioning and timing unit, an interconnection interface unit, a local application interface unit and a power supply unit. The road traffic signal control machine is characterized in that the traffic signal control machine and a traffic signal lamp are connected by a serial data communication link; particularly, the signal lamp driving interface of the road traffic signal control machine of the invention can be one or a plurality of serial data communication bus interfaces, thus avoiding 220VAC strong current driving. One serial data bus can hook tens even hundreds of traffic signal lamps.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of road traffic signal controller that is used for traffic administration and traffic signals control, belong to intelligent transportation control device technical field.
Background technology
Existing traffic lights are to show separately red, yellow, green all over the screen, direction arrow symbol, humanoid code light simply.Each signal lamp is separate, accepts the control of traffic signal controlling machine respectively.Interface between signal lamp and the road traffic signal controller is the break-make control of 220VAC power supply.Dozens or even hundreds of traffic lights on such road junction all must be connected with signal controlling machine one to one.
Fig. 1 is that existing traffic lights are connected topological diagram with traffic signal controlling machine, signal lamp can not display text, can not show multiple (two or more) graphical symbol at same traffic lights, can not show many colors (signals of different light colors) at same signal lamp.Existing signal lamp does not have intelligent processing system, and the break-make that only reliable traffic signal controlling machine is directly controlled the traffic lights power supply realizes the bright of traffic lights or goes out.Such crossing needs dozens or even hundreds of street lamp, and each street lamp will directly be received and carry out centralized control on the traffic signal controlling machine, and a traffic signal controlling machine needs to equip the drive controlling loop of respective signal lamp quantity at least.
The domestic manufacturer that road traffic signal controller is arranged also has the road traffic signal machine of productions such as the U.S., Germany, Japanese Australia that application is also arranged at home at present.This connected mode of signal lamp has its historical reasons, because the light source of early stage signal lamp is the bulb of 220VAC power supply, new afterwards light source technology is applied, but, control interface between road traffic signal controller and the signal lamp does not change, and Fig. 2 is existing road traffic signal controlling machine and signal lamp interface principle figure.The major defect of this interface mode has: 1) owing to point-to-pointly need a large amount of conductor layings when being connected site operation, attracted a large amount of pipe engineerings, increased engineering construction investment greatly.2) to on-the-spot urban operating mechanism, especially the destructiveness of road increases; 3) the system construction difficulty is big; 4) system reliability reduces greatly; 5) system's operation maintenance cost height; 6) traffic signal controlling machine cost height.
Summary of the invention
Technical matters to be solved by this invention is: simplify traffic signal controlling machine and be connected with signal between the traffic lights; Change the interface capability between traffic signal controlling machine and the traffic lights, be convenient to the enhancing of system capability and the expansion of capacity more.
Another technical matters to be solved by this invention is to improve the reliability of traffic signal control system, improves intellectuality, the digitized degree of traffic signal control system; Improve standardization, interconnection, intercommunication, the interoperability level of traffic signal control system;
Another technical matters to be solved by this invention is to reduce the manufacturing cost of traffic signal control system, reduces construction, the maintenance cost of traffic signal control system, reduces traffic signal system construction begging for mercy and destroying city municipal administration, means of transportation.
Another technical matters to be solved by this invention is to improve the access capability of intelligent transportation field apparatuss such as traffic information collection, the illegal evidence obtaining of motor vehicle, location-based service, Target Recognition, road condition demonstration.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the invention provides a kind of road traffic signal controller, it is characterized in that: being connected between road traffic signal controller and the traffic lights is the serial data communication link.
Aforesaid road traffic signal controller is characterized in that: comprise the center processing unit of the calculating, storage, processing and the control task that are used for traffic signal controlling machine, described center processing unit links to each other with each serial data communication link by Programmable ASIC.
Aforesaid road traffic signal controller is characterized in that: be connected to data communication bus between described road traffic signal machine and the traffic lights.
Aforesaid road traffic signal controller is characterized in that: be connected to the CAN data communication bus between described road traffic signal machine and the traffic lights.
Aforesaid road traffic signal controller is characterized in that: also comprise
Smart machine data link: be used for teleseme and interconnect about the information of traffic information collection, vehicle identification, location-based service, traffic behavior demonstration and traffic guidance smart machine on every side;
Host computer data link: be used to set up communicating by letter between traffic signal controlling machine and the regional coordination controller.
Aforesaid road traffic signal controller is characterized in that: described Programmable ASIC is CPLD or FPGA device.
Aforesaid road traffic signal controller is characterized in that: comprise the field control interface, be used to realize traffic signal controlling machine self or state-detection on every side and control, realize comprehensive intelligent management of working environment and duty.
Aforesaid road traffic signal controller is characterized in that: the field control interface is a bus interface.
Aforesaid road traffic signal controller is characterized in that: the second layer link layer functionality that realizes the communication control module ISO OSI interconnection reference model in road traffic signal controller and the intelligent transportation control signal lamp by communication control module.
The beneficial effect that the present invention reached:
The signal lamp driving interface of traffic signal controlling machine of the present invention is exactly a serial data bus interface, has avoided the 220VAC forceful electric power to drive; A serial data bus can articulate dozens or even hundreds of traffic lights; Whole traffic signal controlling machine only needs several such serial data bus just can satisfy the requirement of traffic signals control ability fully; The system expandability is good, and traffic signal controlling machine increases such serial data bus, just can expand and insert dozens or even hundreds of traffic lights; Connected mode is simple, the reliability height; Equipment performance improves, and system cost reduces; The site operation amount reduces, and the site operation difficulty reduces; The traffic signal control system construction cost reduces, and traffic and urban operating mechanism are destroyed minimizing.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is that existing traffic lights are connected topological diagram with traffic signal controlling machine;
Fig. 2 is existing road traffic signal controlling machine signal lamp interface principle figure;
Fig. 3 is traffic signal controlling machine of the present invention and signal lamp interface principle figure;
Fig. 4 is the on-the-spot networking structure figure of road traffic signal controller of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is that traffic signal controlling machine functional unit of the present invention is formed synoptic diagram;
Fig. 6 is the data communication protocol structural drawing of GB/T 20999;
Fig. 7 is the application layer data structure of GB/T20999;
Fig. 8 is traffic signal controlling machine of the present invention and traffic lights networking structure synoptic diagram;
Fig. 9 is the catenation principle figure between traffic signal controlling machine of the present invention and the traffic lights;
Figure 10 is the embedded real-time operating system structural drawing;
Figure 11 is teleseme software development flow figure;
Figure 12 is the programmable unit design flow diagram;
Figure 13 is the road traffic signal controller workflow diagram;
Figure 14 partly responds to control flow chart for road traffic signal controller time road detects;
Figure 15 responds to control flow chart entirely for road traffic signal controller.
Embodiment
The present invention is further illustrated below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
New traffic signal controlling machine is connected networking structure as shown in Figure 4 with traffic lights.Center processing unit
Center processing unit is the brain of traffic signal controlling machine, is responsible for calculating, storage, processing and the control task of traffic signal controlling machine.Center processing unit adopts technical grade embedded high-performance processor, as the MIPS (microprocessor that does not have inner interlocking pipelining-stage: Microprocessor without Interlocked Piped Stages), PowerPC, Sparc, ARM (advanced RISC machine: Advance RISC Machines, RISC:Reduce Instruction Set Computer Reduced Instruction Set Computer) kernel series SOC (system on a chip) (SoC:System on Chip), perhaps programmable system on chip (SoPC:System on Programmable Chip) series etc., these processing units have very strong calculation process ability.Be example explanation major technique characteristics with the ARM10E microprocessor below:
The ARM10E microprocessor belongs to the ARMv5TE framework, comprises subfamilies such as ARM1020E, ARM1022E and ARM1026EJ-S.The ARM10E microprocessor is supported DSP (digital signal processing) instruction set, and 6 grades of integer streamlines owing to adopted new architecture, are compared with equal ARM9 device, and under same clock frequency, performance has improved 50%.Simultaneously, the ARM10E series microprocessor has adopted two kinds of advanced persons' power save mode, makes its power consumption extremely low.Be applicable to the occasion that needs high-speed digital signal to handle.The principal feature of ARM10E has:
1) supports DSP (Digital Signal Processing) instruction set, be applicable to the occasion that needs high-speed digital signal to handle.
2) 6 grades of integer streamlines, it is higher that efficient is carried out in instruction.
3) support 32 ARM instruction set and 16 THUMB instruction set.
4) support 32 high speed AMBA (Advanced Microcontroller Bus Architecture) bus interface.
5) support the VFP10 floating-point to handle coprocessor.
6) MMU (Memory Manage Unit) of full performance supports Windows CE, multiple main flow embedded OSs such as Linux, Palm OS.
7) support Data Cache and instruction Cache, have higher instruction and data processing power.
8) dominant frequency reaches as high as 400MIPS.
9) embedded parallel read/write operation parts.
Local application interface
Local application interface mainly solves operations such as device context man-machine interaction, data access, function connection.Mainly contain following several interface type:
(1) RS-232 interface (UART);
(2) USB interface (USB (universal serial bus));
(3) IrDA (Infra Red Data Association, infrared interface);
(4) SPI (Serial Peripheral Interface);
(5)I
2C；
(6) bluetooth (Bluetooth);
(7) Ethernet interface;
(8) IEEE1394 interface;
(9) GPIO (general programmable interface);
(10) PCMCIA:Personal Computer Memory Card International Association can satisfy the requirement of many application.
Programmable ASIC
ASIC (Application Specific Integrated Circuits, special IC) is for circuit such as standard logic, general-purpose storage, general purpose microprocessor.It is towards special purpose, according to a certain user's specific (special) requirements, with the full customization or the semicustom integrated circuit of low development cost, short period delivery.ASIC attains full development along with the development of semiconductor integrated circuit technique technology, supporting technology, designing technique and measuring technology.Especially with design specialized, cost is low, the construction cycle is short, instrument is advanced, good reliability, good confidentiality, operating rate height, attack that consumption is low, chip volume is little and advantage such as in light weight, obtain significant progress, accounted for 1/3rd of integrated circuit market at present.
Programmable ASIC is broadly divided into programmable logic device (PLD) (PLD:Programmable Logic Device) by complexity, CPLD (CPLD:Complex Programmable Logic Device), and field programmable gate array (FPGA:Field Programmable Gate Array).
This programme is mainly selected CPLD or FPGA device for use, is used to solve control and logic coupling between center processor and the peripheral functional modules, guarantees correct, stable, the reliability service of traffic signal controlling machine Circuits System.
Storage unit
Storage unit is mainly used in the storage and the management of information such as service data in the traffic signal controlling machine, working routine, record data.Guarantee safe, correct, stable and reliable in the equipment running process.
Power supply unit
Power supply unit provides the working power guarantee of all size for whole traffic signal controlling machine.
The field control interface
The main transport solution teleseme of field control interface module self or state-detection on every side and control, comprehensive intelligent management of realization working environment and duty.
The smart machine data chainning
Smart machine data chainning module is mainly used in teleseme and inserts about the information of smart machines such as traffic information collection, vehicle identification, location-based service, traffic behavior demonstration, traffic guidance on every side.The access of this part can direct point-to-point custom protocol insert, and also can unify to adopt STD bus to concentrate and insert.Because the manufacturer of these smart machines relatively disperses, at present also there is not unified interface standard to carry out standard in the industry, its access interface of the different manufacturers of the equipment of every kind of equipment or said function is different with agreement, even insert so adopt bus mode to concentrate, its Interface Matching and protocol conversion are indispensable, and just the realization interface location of Interface Matching and protocol conversion is different.These two kinds of access waies have different meanings to traffic signal controlling machine.
The host computer data chainning
The host computer data chainning is mainly used in sets up communicating by letter between traffic signal controlling machine and the regional coordination controller.The physics of this interface and electrical specification do not have unified standard, and the device fabrication merchant can select to use RS-232, RS-485, ETHERNET or other interface mode according to experience of oneself and user's requirement.Data communication protocol between traffic signaling equipment and host computer has special national standard, and standard-required was from enforcement on January 1 in 2008, and standard No. is GB/T 20999 " data communication protocol between traffic signaling equipment and host computer ".This programme meets the technical requirement of GB/T 20999 fully.And upgrade synchronously according to the renewal of national standard.Now GB/T 20999 is briefly described below:
Comnnnication protocol structure comprises Physical layer, data link layer, network layer and application layer.Except that application layer, each layer provides the multiple choices scheme, and the agreement that meets this standard realizes a compatible protocol stack from top to bottom at least.Compatibility relation between the agreement that the line among Fig. 5 is represented to link to each other.
The signal control data link
The major function of road traffic signal controller is to control the demonstration combination of road traffic signal lamp in real time according to the traffic behavior of road network, realization is to the coordination of site road traffic flow and dredge, thereby improve road traffic efficient, improve the The coast is clear rate, reduce the top train number number of vehicle, shorten vehicle and pass through the time.A common intersection need be provided with dozens or even hundreds of traffic lights, being connected between traditional traffic lights and the traffic signal controlling machine is to be the center with the traffic signal controlling machine, all traffic lights all are independent point-to-pointly are connected with traffic signal controlling machine, configuration 220VAC switching signal lamp drive circuit in traffic signal controlling machine, each traffic lights accounts for a way switch and drives, this control mode is simple in structure, but installation quantity is huge, relating to the 220VAC forceful electric power drives and controls, the site operation difficulty is big, quantities is big, go wrong easily, system reliability is low, and a signal lamp can only show a kind of signal, can not realize the intelligent control that shows, the signal system control function is simple.
The serial data communication link is set in traffic signal controlling machine, realizes being connected between traffic signal controlling machine and the traffic lights; On physical connection, this link can be cable, optical fiber, optical channel and radio channel, comprises RS-232, RS-485, Ethernet, data bus etc.Like this, drive and control at the inner 220VAC forceful electric power that just do not need to relate to of traffic signal controlling machine, even the traffic lights of associated pathway can also be connected in series with a data communication bus, unification inserts road traffic signal controller with bus interface then, road traffic signal controller can utilize this data link to realize various signal intelligent demonstrations and control, the intelligent degree and the efficient of signal system have been improved greatly, the complexity of the road traffic signal controller of Jian Huaing greatly, simplify the signal system construction costs greatly, improved the stability and the reliability of whistle control system greatly.The digitizing and the intellectuality of traffic signal control system have really been realized.
Be that serial data bus is that example illustrates its principle of work with the serial data link between traffic signal controlling machine and the traffic lights below.
Bus interface
Bus interface is the interface between interior communication control module of road traffic signal controller and intelligent transportation control signal lamp and the physical bus, finishes the physical layer function of ISO OSI Reference Model.As shown in Figure 3, it mainly comprises following three parts:
1) function of physics letter bell (PLS:Physical Signalling) realization and bit representation, timing and sync correlation, media access unit (MAU:Medium Access Unit) expression is used for the funtion part of coupling node to the Physical layer that sends medium.MAU is made of physical medium auxiliary equipment (Physical Medium Attachment) and medium dependent interface (Medium Dependent Interface).
2) functional circuit of bus transmission/reception is realized in the PMA sublayer, and the bus failure detection method can be provided.
3) MDI realizes machinery and the electric interfaces between physical medium and the MAU.
Communication control module
Communication control module in road traffic signal controller and the intelligent transportation control signal lamp is mainly realized the second layer link layer functionality of ISOOSI interconnection reference model.This part mainly is made up of logic link control (LLC:Logic Link Control) and two parts of media interviews controls (Medium Access Control).
Logic connects control (LLC) sublayer, road: the function of logic link control LLC sublayer comprises: frame accepts filter, overloads and announces and recovery management.
1) frame accepts filter: the frame transition that begins on the LLC sublayer is independently, himself operates with previous frame transition irrelevant.Content frame is named by identifier.Identifier can not indicate the content of frame, but the implication of data of description, each receiver accepts filter by frame and determines whether this frame is relevant.
2) overload announcement:, begin to send the overload frame by the LLC sublayer if the receiver interior condition requires to postpone next LLC Frame or LLC remote frame.Can produce two overload frames at most, to postpone next data or to punish severely frame.
3) recovery management: during the transmission, for the frame of losing arbitration or being disturbed by mistake, the LLC sublayer has automatic retransmitting function.Before transmission completed successfully, frame sent service not by customer's approval.
The LLC frame structure
The LLC frame is to be equal to the data cell that exchanges between the entity (LPDU:LLC Protocol Data Unit, logical link control sublayer protocol Data Unit), is the structure of LLC Frame and remote frame below.
1. the LLC Frame is by three potential fields, and promptly identifier field, data length sign indicating number (DLC:Data Length Code) field and LLC data fields are formed, and table 1 is the LLC data frame format.
Table 1
| Identifier field: ID=11 position | Data length DLC field | The LLC data fields |
Identifier field: ID=11 position
Data length DLC field: 4
LLC data fields: a 0-8 byte
2. LLC remote frame
Table 2 is a LLC remote frame form.
Table 2
| Identifier field: ID=11 position | Data length DLC field |
Identifier field: ID=11 position
The data length sign indicating number DLC field of corresponding data frame: 4
Media interviews control (MAC) sublayer:
Media access control sublayer structure function model: the media access control sublayer function is described by the functional mode of regulation among the IEEE 802.3, as shown in Figure 4, in this model media access control sublayer is divided into two parts that work alone fully, promptly sends part and receiving unit, two-part function is as follows:
Sending the part functional packet draws together:
1. send data encapsulation
A receives LLC frame and interface control information;
B CRC cycle calculations;
2. c by sending the media interviews management to the additional SOF of LLC frame, RTR position, reservation position, CRC, ACK and EOF structure mac frame
A confirms bus after the free time, beginning process of transmitting (replying by the interframe free time);
The serialization of b mac frame;
C inserts filler (fill the position);
D is losing under the arbitration cases, withdraws from arbitration and changes receive mode over to;
E error-detecting (monitoring, format check);
F replys verification;
G confirms overload condition;
H structure overload frame also begins to send;
I constructs and makes mistakes frame and begin transmission;
J output serial bit stream to Physical layer is ready for sending.
The receiving unit function comprises:
1. receiving media Access Management Access
A receives serial bit stream by Physical layer;
B removes serial structure and constructs frame structure again;
C detects filler (removing the position fills);
D error-detecting (CRC, format check, fill rule verification)
E sends and replys;
F structure erroneous frame also begins to send;
G confirms overload condition;
H reactivation overload frame structure also begins to send.
2. receive the data dismounting
A is by removing the MAC customizing messages in the received frame;
B output LLC frame and interface control information are to the LLC sublayer.
The mac frame structure
Data send between node and receive with four kinds of dissimilar frames and occur and control, and wherein Frame reaches receiver with data by transmitter; Remote frame is sent by node, sends the Frame with like-identified with request; The frame of makeing mistakes can be sent by any node, and with the testbus mistake, and the overload frame is used to provide the additional delay between previous and subsequent data frame or the remote frame.In addition, Frame and remote frame with interframe space every separating with previous frame.Table 3MAC data frame format, table 4 is a MAC remote frame form.
Table 3
| Frame is initial | The field arbitration | Field control | Data fields | The CRC field | The ACK field | Frame end |
Table 4
| Frame is initial | The field arbitration | Field control | The CRC field | The ACK field | Frame end |
The road traffic signal controller software development
An effective disposal system, in the effective hardware processor of one of needs system, the software systems that also need a whole set of effectively can in this processor environment, efficiently move.This software systems can have two kinds of methods to realize, a kind of is direct loading application software in the hardware processor system, another kind is to load embedded real-time operating system (RTOS:Real-Time Operating Systems) in processor system, moves application software on the basis of embedded OS.In the application scenario of different demands, both can select configuration.Operating system is the ground floor software that is configured on the computer hardware, the status that has particular importance in computer system.Operating system can explain or be interpreted as that the interface of mending flat hardware differences hides hardware in other words.
Embedded real-time operating system be exactly one can be in official hour, realize systemic-function and to outside or inner, synchronously or the system that responds of asynchronous event.Embedded real-time operating system commonly used has: μ C/OS-II, VxWorks, WinCE.Embedded OS can be reduced and reconfigure according to actual needs, and composition can be according to the different application of reality and different, but following pith not too changes: real-time kernel, networking component, file system and graphic interface etc.The embedded real-time operating system structure as shown in figure 10.
Embedded system is a system that is subjected to resource limit, and it obviously is irrational therefore directly programming on embedded system hardware.In the performance history in embedded system, the method that adopts is to programme on general purpose PC earlier usually; By cross compile and link, program is made the binary code form that can move on the target platform then; At last program is downloaded to the ad-hoc location on the target platform, have on the Target Board start-up code move this section binary code, thus the operation embedded system.
Claims (10)
1. road traffic signal controller is characterized in that: being connected between road traffic signal controller and the traffic lights is the serial data communication link.
2. road traffic signal controller according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: comprise the center processing unit of the calculating, storage, processing and the control task that are used for traffic signal controlling machine, described center processing unit links to each other with each serial data communication link by Programmable ASIC.
3. road traffic signal controller according to claim 1 is characterized in that: be connected to data communication bus between described road traffic signal machine and the traffic lights.
4. road traffic signal controller according to claim 3 is characterized in that: be connected to the CAN data communication bus between described road traffic signal machine and the traffic lights.
5. road traffic signal controller according to claim 1 is characterized in that: also comprise
Smart machine data link: be used for teleseme and interconnect about the information of traffic information collection, vehicle identification, location-based service, traffic behavior demonstration and traffic guidance smart machine on every side;
Host computer data link: be used to set up communicating by letter between traffic signal controlling machine and the regional coordination controller.
6. road traffic signal controller according to claim 2 is characterized in that: described Programmable ASIC is CPLD or FPGA device.
7. road traffic signal controller according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: comprise the field control interface, be used to realize traffic signal controlling machine self or state-detection on every side and control, realize comprehensive intelligent management of working environment and duty.
8. road traffic signal controller according to claim 7 is characterized in that: the field control interface is equipment and environmental state information interface.
9. road traffic signal controller according to claim 4, it is characterized in that: by the communication control function between communication control module realization road traffic signal controller and the intelligent transportation control signal lamp, i.e. the second layer link layer functionality of ISO OSI interconnection reference model.
10. road traffic signal controller according to claim 2 is characterized in that: utilize local application interface to realize the high capacity preservation of related data.
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Application publication date: 20110316 |