CN101985062A - 火灾急救口罩 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种火灾急救口罩，它包括罩体和挂带。所述罩体由塑料外壳、纤维滤纸层、活性炭与分子筛混合层、纤维滤纸层、防渗纤维滤纸层、含不干胶海绵层、防渗纤维滤纸层、纤维滤纸层和无纺布层依次一层一层地叠加压紧，再用线沿着塑料外壳层周边缝制而成；罩体外形呈“兔嘴形”中间稍凸起。所述活性炭与分子筛混合层是由吸附用活性炭和少量分子筛混合制成。所述含不干胶海绵层由不干胶、海绵和负离子组成。本发明具有构思新颖、工艺规范、制造成本低廉、使用方便、舒适无污染，可以工业化批量生产；当火灾发生时，使用本发明可以帮助人们逃生避免烟雾窒息和有毒气体致死。本发明可广泛地应用于城市中的写字楼、住宅楼、娱乐城、医院和宾馆等领域。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种口罩，特别是涉及一种特种防护用品的火灾急救口罩。
技术背景
众所周知，口罩是一种预防疾病的防护用品，普通口罩只能预防细菌的侵入，但是遇到特殊环境如火灾、有毒气体等，它的作用就要大打折扣。火灾是一种可以预防但却又是不可避免的人为灾难，火灾在现代城市一旦发生对人的威胁更大，因为现代城市的写字楼、宾馆、娱乐城、住宅楼，多数为十几层、几十层经过豪华装修的大楼，火灾一旦发生、浓烟滚滚，其中各种塑料燃烧时的性能千差万别，这种性能差别通常与塑料等装修材料的分子结构中主碳链分子所含的元素有关。塑料的化学成分不同，燃烧时产生的有毒气体种类也不同。如：
含碳、氢或碳、氢、氧的塑料：如聚乙烯和聚丙烯，容易燃烧但不猛烈且慢。含氧的塑料如聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯(有机玻璃)硝酸纤维素(硝棉塑料)，聚苯乙烯等极易着火，燃烧猛烈，他们燃烧产生的有毒气体是一氧化碳。
含氮的塑料：如尼龙、三聚氰胺、甲醛树脂、通常不易着火(聚氨酯例外)。燃烧时除能产生一氧化碳外还产生氧化氯和氯化氢这种混合气体、毒性极大。
含氯(或溴元素)的塑料：如聚氯乙烯，冒白烟，离开火源即可熄灭，但在火灾中聚氯乙烯能持续燃烧，产生氯化氢，达到一定浓度能致人死亡。
含氟的塑料：在一般的建筑中很少，如四氟乙烯，火灾中会产生氟化氢气体，具有毒性和腐蚀性。
火灾燃烧产生的浓烟含有大量的碳微粒，它会堵塞火灾逃生者的呼吸道，是火灾致死的主要原因之一。
一般民用楼火灾的有毒气体成分有一氧化碳、二氧化碳、二氧化硫、二氧化氮，以一氧化碳为主。
火灾一旦发生，浓烟滚滚，人们在浓烟中逃生，直接被火烧死的是极少数、大多数遇难者都是被浓烟雾窒息或中毒而死，要避免浓烟烟雾的窒息和有毒气体的致死，普通口罩是无能为力的。
发明内容
本发明的目的就是为了弥补现有技术的不足，经过多年潜心研制，反复实验，提供一种当火灾发生时，人们能够避免浓烟烟雾窒息或有毒气体致死的火灾急救口罩。
为了实现上述目的，本发明所述的火灾急救口罩的技术方案是这样的：
火灾急救口罩，它包括罩体和挂带，所述罩体由塑料外壳层、纤维滤纸层、活性炭与分子筛混合层、纤维滤纸层、防渗纤维滤纸层、含不干胶海绵层、防渗纤维滤纸层、纤维滤纸层和无纺布层依次一层一层地叠加压紧，再用线沿着塑料外壳层周边缝制而成；所述的罩体外形呈“兔嘴形”中间稍凸起。
所述的活性炭与分子筛混合层是由以吸附用活性炭为主加有少量分子筛混合，搅拌均匀后放置在120至200目滤布袋内制成；所述活性炭的比表面积为500至1500m2/g；所述分子筛为微粒状，其比表面积为900至1100m2/g。
所述的活性炭的比表面积为1000m2/g，所述的分子筛的比表面积为1000m2/g，所述滤布袋为150目。
所述的含不干胶海绵层包括不干胶、海绵和负离子，所述不干胶由高分子聚合物葡甘聚糖、壳聚糖、羧甲基纤维素纳和甘油按重量百分比配制而成，其中葡甘聚糖占26至21％、壳聚糖占26％至21％、羧甲基纤维素纳占26％至21、甘油占33％至25％，将上述配制好的组分混合且均匀搅拌成为不干胶，然后将海绵浸泡在胶体中，使海绵充分吸收不干胶体之后，取出海绵挤干不干胶体，再用占所述不干胶总量的千分之二至万分之六的负离子均匀地放置在海绵上制成含有不干胶海绵层。
所述的葡甘聚糖占24％，所述的壳聚糖占24％，所述的羧甲基纤维素钠占24％，所述的甘油占28％，所述负离子占所述不干胶总量的万分之八。
本发明所述的火灾急救口罩，其有益效果如下：构思新颖、设计合理、工艺规范，可以形成工业化指生产；本发明制造成本低廉、使用方便、舒适无污染；火灾一旦发生，使用本发明可以帮助人们在滚滚浓烟中逃生，避免浓烟烟雾窒息和有毒气体致死。本发明可以广泛地应用于现代城市中的写字楼、住宅楼、娱乐城、医院和宾馆酒楼等领域。
附图说明
图1火灾急救口罩的结构示意图；
图2如图1所示火灾急救口罩的罩体的截面图。
具体实施方式
本发明所述的火灾急救口罩，结合附图1至2，对其技术方案的具体实施方式详细叙述如下：
实施例1：本发明包括罩体10和挂带11。所述罩体10由塑料外壳层1、纤维滤纸层2、活性炭与分子筛混合层3、纤维滤纸层4、防渗纤维滤纸层5、含不干胶海绵层6、防渗纤维滤纸层7、纤维滤纸层8和无纺布层9依次一层一层地叠加压紧，再用棉线或尼龙线沿着塑料外壳层1周边缝制而成。所述的罩体10外形呈“兔嘴形”中间稍凸起，罩体10的厚度为18至20mm。所述活性炭与分子筛混合层3厚度为5至7mm，该混合层3是由以吸附用活性炭为主，加有少量分子筛混合，搅拌均匀后放置在150目滤布袋内制成。活性炭与分子筛之间重量比为3∶1；所述活性炭的比表面积为1000m2/g；所述分子筛为微粒状，其比表面积为1000m2/g。所述含不干胶海绵层6的厚度为7至9mm，该海绵层6包括不干胶、海绵和负离子；所述不干胶由高分子聚合物葡甘聚糖、壳聚糖、羧甲基纤维素纳(CMC)和甘油按重量百分比配制而成，其中葡甘聚糖占24％，壳聚糖占24％，羧甲基纤维素钠占24％，甘油占28％，将上述配制好的组分混合且均匀搅拌成为不干胶体，然后将海绵浸泡在胶体中，使海绵充分吸收不干胶体之后，取出海绵挤干不干胶体，再用占不干胶总量的万分之八的粉状负离子均匀地放置在海绵上制成含有不干胶海绵层。所述的活性炭对气体、蒸汽、有机高分子物质有极强吸附力，最适宜温度为60至70℃。所述分子筛无臭、无味、无毒、无腐蚀性、热稳定性高、吸附性能高，而且有选择性，能进行可逆阳离子交换，从而可改进吸附性能，它对极性分子和饱和分子有优先吸附能力，也是唯一的高温吸附剂。所述葡甘聚糖、壳聚糖、CMC和甘油分别能吸附CO、CO2、SO2、H2S等有害气体。所述负离子能促进人体内氧的活性，使人感到清新。本发明有一定厚度，但非常松软，可以紧贴口鼻，保存在真空封密的塑胶袋中，需要时撕破塑料袋即可，直接戴在口鼻处，使用方便。房间内可根据居住或办公人员的多少，在门背或墙角挂几个火灾急救口罩，口罩是一次性的，因开启后其防护作用将逐渐减小，不宜再做第二次使用。
实施例2：所述罩体10的厚度为19mm；所述活性炭与分子筛混合层3的厚度为6mm；所述含不干胶海绵层6的厚度为8mm。除上述技术特征之外，其余部分与实施倒1完全相同。
Claims (5)
1.一种火灾急救口罩，包括罩体和挂带，其特征是，所述罩体由塑料外壳层、纤维滤纸层、活性炭与分子筛混合层、纤维滤纸层、防渗纤维滤纸层、含不干胶海绵层、防渗纤维滤纸层、纤维滤纸层和无纺布层依次一层一层地叠加压紧，再用线沿着塑料外壳层周边缝制而成；所述的罩体外形呈“兔嘴形”中间稍凸起。
2.根据权利要求1所述的火灾急救口罩，其特征是，所述活性炭与分子筛混合层是由以吸附用活性炭为主加有少量分子筛混合，搅拌均匀后放置在120至200目滤布袋内制成；所述活性炭的比表面积为500至1500m2/g；所述分子筛为微粒状，其比表面积为900至1100m2/g。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的火灾急救口罩，其特征是，所述活性炭的比表面积为1000m2/g，所述的分子筛的比表面积为1000m2/g，所述滤布袋为150目。
4.根据权利要求1所述的火灾急救口罩，其特征是，所述含不干胶海绵层包括不干胶、海绵和负离子，所述不干胶由高分子聚合物葡甘聚糖、壳聚糖、羧甲基纤维素纳和甘油按重量百分比配制而成，其中葡甘聚糖占26至21％、壳聚糖占26％至21％、羧甲基纤维素纳占26％至21、甘油占33％至25％，将上述配制好的组分混合且均匀搅拌成为不干胶，然后将海绵浸泡在胶体中，使海绵充分吸收不干胶体之后，取出海绵挤干不干胶体，再用占所述不干胶总量的千分之二至万分之六的负离子均匀地放置在海绵上制成含有不干胶海绵层。
5.根据权利要求1或4所述的火灾急救口罩，其特征是，所述葡甘聚糖占24％，所述的壳聚糖占24％，所述的羧甲基纤维素钠占24％，所述的甘油占28％，所述负离子占所述不干胶总量的万分之八。
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102987604A (zh) * | 2012-09-29 | 2013-03-27 | 中国人民武装警察部队学院 | 溶合润湿型火灾疏散防毒防烟口罩 |
| CN107754762A (zh) * | 2017-12-05 | 2018-03-06 | 广州尊卓环保科技有限公司 | 用于防雾霾的球形滤料、过滤盒、口鼻罩以及制备方法 |
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| CN2261264Y (zh) * | 1996-02-13 | 1997-09-03 | 邱炳耀 | 双带密合防尘口罩 |
| JP2007006977A (ja) * | 2005-06-28 | 2007-01-18 | Norie Suzuki | 活性炭フィルターパックを付設したマスク |
| DE102009003485A1 (de) * | 2008-02-26 | 2009-08-27 | Bha Group, Inc. | Atemmaske mit mikroporöser Membran und Aktivkohle |
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| CN2261264Y (zh) * | 1996-02-13 | 1997-09-03 | 邱炳耀 | 双带密合防尘口罩 |
| JP2007006977A (ja) * | 2005-06-28 | 2007-01-18 | Norie Suzuki | 活性炭フィルターパックを付設したマスク |
| DE102009003485A1 (de) * | 2008-02-26 | 2009-08-27 | Bha Group, Inc. | Atemmaske mit mikroporöser Membran und Aktivkohle |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102987604A (zh) * | 2012-09-29 | 2013-03-27 | 中国人民武装警察部队学院 | 溶合润湿型火灾疏散防毒防烟口罩 |
| CN102987604B (zh) * | 2012-09-29 | 2015-07-22 | 中国人民武装警察部队学院 | 溶合润湿型火灾疏散防毒防烟口罩 |
| CN107754762A (zh) * | 2017-12-05 | 2018-03-06 | 广州尊卓环保科技有限公司 | 用于防雾霾的球形滤料、过滤盒、口鼻罩以及制备方法 |
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