CN101975360A - Backlight module and liquid crystal display device - Google Patents
Backlight module and liquid crystal display device Download PDFInfo
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- CN101975360A CN101975360A CN 201010504177 CN201010504177A CN101975360A CN 101975360 A CN101975360 A CN 101975360A CN 201010504177 CN201010504177 CN 201010504177 CN 201010504177 A CN201010504177 A CN 201010504177A CN 101975360 A CN101975360 A CN 101975360A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a backlight module and a liquid crystal display device. The backlight module comprises a light guide plate, a light source and a reflector; the light guide plate is provided with an light incident surface, a light reflection surface and a light emergent surface and comprises a plurality of fist light guide microstructures and a plurality of raised microstructures, wherein the light guide microstructures are arranged on the light guide plate and distributed on the light reflection surface, the raised microstructures are arranged on the light guide plate and distributed on the light emergent surface, and the raised microstructures and the first light guide microstructures are mutually staggered; the light source is arranged beside the light incident surface; and the reflector is arranged on one side of the light reflection surface and contacts the raised microstructures. The invention has the following advantages that: by arranging the raised microstructures with electrostatic accumulation resistance function, the reflector can not be adsorbed on the light guide plate by static electricity; and therefore, an even light reflection effect can be provided and an even area light source can be provided further.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of liquid crystal indicator, relate in particular to the backlight modular structure in this liquid crystal indicator.
Background technology
Generally speaking, liquid crystal indicator is made of liquid crystal panel and backlight module.Liquid crystal panel changes the throughput of light in different picture elements zone, and causes light and shade difference in different picture elements zone, to reach the purpose of show image by the rotation of liquid crystal molecule and the effect of Polarizer.
Because liquid crystal itself does not have the characteristics of luminescence, provide area source so need to rely on backlight module.Along with the development trend of large scale, slimming, present backlight module adopts the lateral incident type backlight module mostly.Lateral incident type backlight module can arrange in pairs or groups light emitting diode and LGP have the advantage of thinner thickness.
Yet in the large scale TV (as LED-TV) of slimming, it is big that the size of LGP also becomes thereupon, and large-sized LGP is accumulated static easily.Therefore, the subregion that is positioned at the reflector plate of LGP below can be adsorbed on the LGP because of the Electrostatic Absorption phenomenon.That is to say that the reflector plate of subregion can be adsorbed on the LGP, the reflector plate in another part zone can not be adsorbed on the LGP, causes the light reflecting effect difference of zones of different.The result is to cause backlight module that uniform surface light source can't be provided.
Summary of the invention
The technical issues that need to address of the present invention have provided a kind of backlight module, are intended to solve the above problems;
The present invention also provides the liquid crystal indicator that contains above-mentioned backlight module.
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:
Backlight module of the present invention comprises: a LGP; Described LGP has a light entrance face, a light reflection surface and a light-emitting face; This LGP comprises: a plurality of first leaded light micro-structurals; Described a plurality of first leaded light micro-structural is arranged at this LGP and is distributed in this light reflection surface; A plurality of outstanding micro-structurals; Described a plurality of outstanding micro-structural is arranged at this LGP and is distributed in this light reflection surface; Those outstanding micro-structurals and those first leaded light micro-structurals are distributions interlaced with each other; One light source; Described light source is arranged at by this light entrance face; An and reflector plate; Described reflector plate is arranged at a side of this light reflection surface, and this reflector plate is contacted with those outstanding micro-structurals;
Liquid crystal indicator of the present invention comprises: a backlight module; Described backlight module comprises: a LGP; Described LGP has a light entrance face, a light reflection surface and a light-emitting face; This LGP comprises: a plurality of first leaded light micro-structurals; Described a plurality of first leaded light micro-structural is arranged at this LGP and is distributed in this light reflection surface; A plurality of outstanding micro-structurals; Described a plurality of outstanding micro-structural is arranged at this LGP and is distributed in this light reflection surface; Those outstanding micro-structurals and those first leaded light micro-structurals are distributions interlaced with each other; One light source; Described light source is arranged at by this light entrance face; One reflector plate; Described reflector plate is arranged at a side of this light reflection surface, and this reflector plate is contacted with those outstanding micro-structurals; An and liquid crystal panel; Described liquid crystal panel subtend is in this backlight module, and this liquid crystal panel is positioned at a side of this light-emitting face of this LGP.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects as follows: by having the outstanding micro-structural that prevents the buildup of static electricity function, can make reflector plate can Electrostatic Absorption on LGP; Therefore, uniform light reflecting effect can be provided, and then uniform surface light source can be provided; Moreover outstanding micro-structural also has the light conduction function, because the first leaded light micro-structural and outstanding micro-structural be interspersed in the light reflection surface of LGP, so both can produce the conducting effect of synergy with lifting light.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the schematic perspective view of a kind of backlight module of the embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 2 is the schematic perspective view of LGP of the backlight module of Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is the schematic perspective view at the another kind of backlight module of the embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of a kind of LGP manufacturing installation of the embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram of a kind of liquid crystal indicator of the embodiment of the invention.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing and the specific embodiment the present invention is described in further detail:
The present invention proposes a kind of backlight module, comprising: LGP, light source and reflector plate.LGP has light entrance face, light reflection surface and light-emitting face.LGP comprises: a plurality of first leaded light micro-structurals and a plurality of outstanding micro-structural.The first leaded light micro-structural is arranged at LGP and is distributed in light reflection surface.Outstanding micro-structural is arranged at LGP and is distributed in light reflection surface, and wherein, the outstanding micro-structural and the first leaded light micro-structural are distributions interlaced with each other.Light source is arranged at by the light entrance face.Reflector plate is arranged at a side of light reflection surface, and reflector plate is contacted with outstanding micro-structural.
The present invention proposes a kind of liquid crystal indicator again, comprising: above-mentioned backlight module and liquid crystal panel.This liquid crystal panel subtend is in backlight module, and liquid crystal panel is positioned at a side of the light-emitting face of LGP.
In one embodiment of this invention, be embedded in LGP in the above-mentioned first leaded light micro-structural.
In one embodiment of this invention, the section shape of the first above-mentioned leaded light micro-structural is to be selected from square, rectangle, rhombus, circle, ellipse, triangle, waveform and combination thereof.
In one embodiment of this invention, the distribution density of the first above-mentioned leaded light micro-structural is along with increasing away from light source.
In one embodiment of this invention, above-mentioned backlight module more comprises: a plurality of second leaded light micro-structurals are arranged at LGP and are distributed in light-emitting face.
In one embodiment of this invention, above-mentioned outstanding micro-structural can be the antistatic micro-structural.
Fig. 1 is the schematic perspective view of a kind of backlight module of the embodiment of the invention.Fig. 2 is the schematic perspective view of LGP of the backlight module of Fig. 1.Please be simultaneously with reference to Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, backlight module 100 comprises: LGP 110, light source 120 and reflector plate 130.LGP 110 has light entrance face 110a, light reflection surface 110b and light-emitting face 110c.LGP 110 comprises: a plurality of first leaded light micro-structurals 112 and a plurality of outstanding micro-structurals 114.The first leaded light micro-structural 112 is arranged at LGP 110 and is distributed in light reflection surface 110b.Outstanding micro-structural 114 is arranged at LGP 110 and is distributed in light reflection surface 110b, and wherein, the outstanding micro-structural 114 and the first leaded light micro-structural 112 are distributions interlaced with each other.Light source 120 is arranged at by the light entrance face 110a, and light source 120 can send a light L.Reflector plate 130 is arranged at the side of light reflection surface 110b, and reflector plate 130 is contacted with outstanding micro-structural 114.
Fig. 2 makes light reflection surface 110b as last aspect the LGP 110 of Fig. 1 180 degree that overturn, and is beneficial to observe the set-up mode of the first leaded light micro-structural 112.In Fig. 2, shown the set-up mode and the distribution situation of a plurality of first leaded light micro-structurals 112 and a plurality of outstanding micro-structurals 114 on the light reflection surface 110b.The first leaded light micro-structural 112 can in be embedded in LGP 110, therefore, the first leaded light micro-structural 112 can with the friction of the diaphragm (as reflector plate 130) in the external world, can prevent that the light guide effect of the first leaded light micro-structural 112 is adversely affected.In addition, the first leaded light micro-structural 112 also can protrude in the structure (not illustrating) of LGP 110, see that design needs and decides.Not limiting the first leaded light micro-structural 112 at this is embedded in LGP 110 or protrudes in LGP 110 in being.
Moreover, the section shape of the first leaded light micro-structural 112 shown in Figure 2 illustrates and is circle, yet the section shape of the first leaded light micro-structural 112 can also be other shape, for example is selected from square, rectangle, rhombus, ellipse, triangle, waveform (not illustrating).In addition, the first leaded light micro-structural 112 with multiple different section shape (square, rectangle, rhombus, ellipse, triangle, circle, waveform) can also be set on the reflecting surface 110b of LGP 110, and make up arbitrarily.
As can be seen from Figure 2, the distribution density of the first leaded light micro-structural 112 can be along with increasing away from light source 120, that is, towards the light transmission direction of light L and increase.Because the intensity away from the light L of light source 120 can be tending towards weakening,, can promote reflectivity effectively away from the light L at light source 120 places so utilize in that a plurality of (distribution density height) first leaded light micro-structural 112 is set away from light source 120 places.The result is that LGP 110 can provide more uniform surface light source.Yet the distribution density of the first leaded light micro-structural 112, distribution mode can need to decide with design, also can adopt regular distribution or random distribution, are not limited at this.
It should be noted that the outstanding micro-structural 114 and the first leaded light micro-structural 112 on the LGP 110 are distributions interlaced with each other, that is outstanding micro-structural 114 intersperses among a plurality of first leaded light micro-structurals 112 each other equably.Outstanding micro-structural 117 can be the antistatic micro-structural, for example, can carry out antistatic for outstanding micro-structural and handle, so that outstanding micro-structural 114 further has the function of antistatic.Thus, all can prevent buildup of static electricity, be attached to the problem of the specific region of LGP 110 to avoid reflector plate 114 in each zone of LGP 110.Therefore, can provide uniform area light source.
Moreover outstanding micro-structural 114 also can have the effect of conducting light, when employing is interspersed mode, can makes the first leaded light micro-structural 112 and outstanding micro-structural 114 produce synergy, and then promote conducting effect and the utilization rate of light L.Therefore, can promote the optical effect of LGP 110.
Fig. 3 is the schematic perspective view at the another kind of backlight module of the embodiment of the invention.Please refer to Fig. 3, backlight module 102 is similar with the backlight module 100 of Fig. 1, and identical assembly indicates with identical symbol.Backlight module 102 as shown in Figure 3 can more comprise: a plurality of second leaded light micro-structurals 116 are arranged at LGP 110 and are distributed in light-emitting face 110c.
By the second leaded light micro-structural 116 of extra setting, can promote the optical effect of LGP 110 further, more uniform surface light source is provided.Similarly, the second leaded light micro-structural 116 is embedded in LGP 110 or protrudes in LGP 110 in can being.116 distribution modes of the second leaded light micro-structural and distribution density can be similar with the distribution mode and the distribution density of the first leaded light micro-structural 112, or have other suitable design, see that design needs and decides.
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of a kind of LGP manufacturing installation of the embodiment of the invention.Please jointly with reference to Fig. 1, Fig. 2 and Fig. 4, LGP manufacturing installation 200 comprises: raw material tank 210, heating spiral rod 220, add pressing die head 230, moulding rolling wheel 240a～240d, wheel 250a～250b and conveying roller 260 are drawn in holder.Below, introduce the flow process of making LGP 110.
At first, with the raw material particle M(of LGP 110 particle of polymethyl methacrylate transparent materials such as (PMMA) for example) be placed in the raw material tank 210.Then, raw material particle M is transported to heating spiral rod 220 to carry out heat fused.Come, the raw material particle M of the transparent glue of fusing can output to the external world via adding pressing die head 230, utilizes moulding rolling wheel 240a～240d to carry out the moulding of LGP 110 then again.Moulding rolling wheel 240a～240d can carry out the THICKNESS CONTROL of LGP 110, and can make the first leaded light micro-structural 112 and outstanding micro-structural 114 on the surface of LGP 110.
More specifically, utilize the move left and right (being the left and right directions among Fig. 4) of moulding rolling wheel 240a, can control the extrusion thickness of LGP 110.
In addition, the Surface Machining of moulding rolling wheel 240b can be become concave inward structure, the section shape of concave inward structure can be arbitrary shapes such as square, rectangle, rhombus, ellipse, triangle, circle, waveform.When LGP 110 is subjected to the signature pressure of moulding rolling wheel 240b, promptly can form outstanding structure (corresponding to the concave inward structure of moulding rolling wheel 240b), the promptly above-mentioned outstanding micro-structural 114 that protrudes in LGP 110 on the surface of LGP 110 (light reflection surface 110b).And, can utilize moulding rolling wheel 240b directly to carry out antistatic and handle for formed outstanding micro-structural 114, make outstanding micro-structural 114 have the function of the buildup of static electricity of preventing.
Moreover, the Surface Machining of moulding rolling wheel 240d can be become outer male structure, the section shape of outer male structure can be arbitrary shapes such as square, rectangle, rhombus, ellipse, triangle, circle, waveform.When LGP 110 is subjected to the signature pressure of moulding rolling wheel 240d, promptly can form concave inward structure (corresponding to the outer male structure of moulding rolling wheel 240d), be embedded in the first leaded light micro-structural 112 of LGP 110 in promptly above-mentioned on the surface of LGP 110 (light reflection surface 110b).
That is to say, make moulding rolling wheel 240b opposite each other with the surface micro-structure of moulding rolling wheel 240d, can impress alternately at the light reflection surface 110b of LGP 110, obtaining protruding in the outstanding micro-structural 114 of LGP 110, and in be embedded in the first leaded light micro-structural 112 of LGP 110.
In addition, the Surface Machining of moulding rolling wheel 240c can also be become outer male structure, the section shape of outer male structure can be arbitrary shapes such as square, rectangle, rhombus, ellipse, triangle, circle, waveform.When LGP 110 is subjected to the signature pressure of moulding rolling wheel 240c, promptly can form concave inward structure (corresponding to the outer male structure of moulding rolling wheel 240c), also can form the second leaded light micro-structural 116 that is embedded in LGP 110 in above-mentioned on the surface of LGP 110 (light-emitting face 110c).
In addition, the structure on the surface of moulding rolling wheel 240b～240d is outer male structure or concave inward structure, and end is seen the design needs and can be carried out suitable collocation, is not only the example that is limited in the above-mentioned explanation.
Moreover it is the pulling force that drags guiding tabula rasa 110 in order to provide that wheel 250a～250b is drawn in holder, and LGP 110 can transmit on conveying roller 260.The preparation method of above-mentioned LGP 110 can be made the first leaded light micro-structural 112 of LGP 110, outstanding micro-structural 114 and the second leaded light micro-structural 116 simultaneously in one processing procedure, therefore, have the competitive advantage of saving the fabrication steps cost.
Certainly, also can utilize the mode of secondary operations to make LGP 110, that is, in the first road processing procedure, only utilize moulding rolling wheel 240d to be embedded in the first leaded light micro-structural 112 of LGP 110 in forming.Then, in the second road processing procedure, spray the antistatic particle and toast at the light reflection surface 110b of LGP 110, to form above-mentioned outstanding micro-structural 114.
In sum, LGP 110 has the first leaded light micro-structural 112 and outstanding micro-structural 114 of distribution interlaced with each other.Not only can by outstanding micro-structural 114 make reflector plate 116 can Electrostatic Absorption on LGP 110, can also promote the conducting effect of light by the first leaded light micro-structural 112 and the synergy of outstanding micro-structural 114.
Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram of a kind of liquid crystal indicator of the embodiment of the invention.Please be simultaneously with reference to Fig. 1 and Fig. 5, liquid crystal indicator 300 can comprise: above-mentioned backlight module 100/102 and liquid crystal panel 310.These liquid crystal panel 310 subtends are in backlight module 100/102, and liquid crystal panel 310 is positioned at the side of the light-emitting face 110c of LGP 110.This liquid crystal indicator 300 has adopted the above-mentioned backlight module 100/102 that uniform area light source can be provided, and can show the image of good quality.
In sum, Backlight module and liquid crystal display module of the present invention has the following advantages at least:
LGP has the first leaded light micro-structural and the outstanding micro-structural of distribution interlaced with each other.By have the outstanding micro-structural that prevents the buildup of static electricity function can make reflector plate can Electrostatic Absorption on LGP.Therefore, LGP can produce uniform light reflecting effect, and then makes backlight module that uniform surface light source can be provided.Moreover outstanding micro-structural also has the light conduction function, because the first leaded light micro-structural and outstanding micro-structural are the light reflection surfaces that is distributed in LGP interlaced with each other, so both can further produce synergy, to promote the conducting effect of light.
Though the present invention discloses as above with embodiment; right its is not in order to limit the present invention; has common knowledge under any in the technical field; without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention; when doing a little change and retouching, so the present invention's protection domain is as the criterion when looking the accompanying Claim protection domain.
Claims (12)
1. a backlight module comprises: a LGP; Described LGP has a light entrance face, a light reflection surface and a light-emitting face; It is characterized in that: this LGP comprises: a plurality of first leaded light micro-structurals; Described a plurality of first leaded light micro-structural is arranged at this LGP and is distributed in this light reflection surface; A plurality of outstanding micro-structurals; Described a plurality of outstanding micro-structural is arranged at this LGP and is distributed in this light reflection surface; Those outstanding micro-structurals and those first leaded light micro-structurals are distributions interlaced with each other; One light source; Described light source is arranged at by this light entrance face; An and reflector plate; Described reflector plate is arranged at a side of this light reflection surface, and this reflector plate is contacted with those outstanding micro-structurals.
2. backlight module according to claim 1 is characterized in that: be embedded in this LGP in this first leaded light micro-structural.
3. backlight module according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the section shape of those first leaded light micro-structurals is to be selected from square, rectangle, rhombus, circle, ellipse, triangle, waveform and combination thereof.
4. backlight module according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the distribution density of those first leaded light micro-structurals is along with increasing away from this light source.
5. backlight module according to claim 1 is characterized in that: also comprise: a plurality of second leaded light micro-structurals; Described a plurality of second leaded light micro-structural is arranged at this LGP and is distributed in this light-emitting face.
6. backlight module according to claim 1 is characterized in that: those outstanding micro-structurals are the antistatic micro-structural.
7. a liquid crystal indicator comprises: a backlight module; Described backlight module comprises: a LGP; Described LGP has a light entrance face, a light reflection surface and a light-emitting face; It is characterized in that: this LGP comprises: a plurality of first leaded light micro-structurals; Described a plurality of first leaded light micro-structural is arranged at this LGP and is distributed in this light reflection surface; A plurality of outstanding micro-structurals; Described a plurality of outstanding micro-structural is arranged at this LGP and is distributed in this light reflection surface; Those outstanding micro-structurals and those first leaded light micro-structurals are distributions interlaced with each other; One light source; Described light source is arranged at by this light entrance face; One reflector plate; Described reflector plate is arranged at a side of this light reflection surface, and this reflector plate is contacted with those outstanding micro-structurals; An and liquid crystal panel; Described liquid crystal panel subtend is in this backlight module, and this liquid crystal panel is positioned at a side of this light-emitting face of this LGP.
8. liquid crystal indicator according to claim 7 is characterized in that: be embedded in this LGP in this first leaded light micro-structural.
9. liquid crystal indicator according to claim 7 is characterized in that: the section shape of those first leaded light micro-structurals is to be selected from square, rectangle, rhombus, circle, ellipse, triangle, waveform and combination thereof.
10. liquid crystal indicator according to claim 7 is characterized in that: the distribution density of those first leaded light micro-structurals is along with increasing away from this light source.
11. liquid crystal indicator according to claim 7 is characterized in that: also comprise: a plurality of second leaded light micro-structurals; Described a plurality of second leaded light micro-structural is arranged at this LGP and is distributed in this light-emitting face.
12. liquid crystal indicator according to claim 7 is characterized in that: those outstanding micro-structurals are the antistatic micro-structural.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 201010504177 CN101975360A (en) | 2010-10-12 | 2010-10-12 | Backlight module and liquid crystal display device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 201010504177 CN101975360A (en) | 2010-10-12 | 2010-10-12 | Backlight module and liquid crystal display device |
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| CN101975360A true CN101975360A (en) | 2011-02-16 |
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| CN 201010504177 Pending CN101975360A (en) | 2010-10-12 | 2010-10-12 | Backlight module and liquid crystal display device |
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| CN103375741A (en) * | 2012-04-30 | 2013-10-30 | 中强光电股份有限公司 | Light guide plate and backlight module using same |
| CN103697414A (en) * | 2013-12-20 | 2014-04-02 | 深圳市华星光电技术有限公司 | Light guide plate, light guide plate manufacturing method and backlight module |
| WO2015032180A1 (en) * | 2013-09-09 | 2015-03-12 | 深圳市华星光电技术有限公司 | Backlight module and liquid crystal display apparatus comprising same |
| CN104849794A (en) * | 2014-02-19 | 2015-08-19 | 惠和株式会社 | Optical waveguide sheet, backlight unit, and portable terminal |
| CN104991303A (en) * | 2012-06-08 | 2015-10-21 | 三星电子株式会社 | Light guide panel and liquid crystal display apparatus |
| CN106019463A (en) * | 2016-07-28 | 2016-10-12 | 广州创维平面显示科技有限公司 | Composite net dot light guide plate and manufacturing method thereof, backlight module and liquid crystal displayer |
| CN106019460A (en) * | 2016-07-12 | 2016-10-12 | 广州创维平面显示科技有限公司 | Light guide plate, backlight module and display device |
| CN106772765A (en) * | 2016-12-30 | 2017-05-31 | 奥英光电（苏州）有限公司 | A kind of light guide plate and its manufacture method without design site |
| CN110095893A (en) * | 2018-01-31 | 2019-08-06 | 夏普株式会社 | Display device |
| CN111552114A (en) * | 2020-03-24 | 2020-08-18 | 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 | Backlight module and display device |
| CN111584283A (en) * | 2019-02-15 | 2020-08-25 | 群光电能科技(苏州)有限公司 | Keyboard backlight module |
| WO2021097712A1 (en) * | 2019-11-20 | 2021-05-27 | 深圳市汇顶科技股份有限公司 | Under-display optical fingerprint recognition apparatus and system, reflective film and liquid crystal display screen |
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| US9329328B2 (en) | 2012-04-30 | 2016-05-03 | Coretronic Corporation | Light guide plate and backlight module using the same |
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| CN104849794A (en) * | 2014-02-19 | 2015-08-19 | 惠和株式会社 | Optical waveguide sheet, backlight unit, and portable terminal |
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| CN106019463A (en) * | 2016-07-28 | 2016-10-12 | 广州创维平面显示科技有限公司 | Composite net dot light guide plate and manufacturing method thereof, backlight module and liquid crystal displayer |
| CN106772765A (en) * | 2016-12-30 | 2017-05-31 | 奥英光电（苏州）有限公司 | A kind of light guide plate and its manufacture method without design site |
| CN110095893A (en) * | 2018-01-31 | 2019-08-06 | 夏普株式会社 | Display device |
| CN111584283A (en) * | 2019-02-15 | 2020-08-25 | 群光电能科技(苏州)有限公司 | Keyboard backlight module |
| CN111584283B (en) * | 2019-02-15 | 2022-09-30 | 群光电能科技(苏州)有限公司 | Keyboard backlight module |
| WO2021097712A1 (en) * | 2019-11-20 | 2021-05-27 | 深圳市汇顶科技股份有限公司 | Under-display optical fingerprint recognition apparatus and system, reflective film and liquid crystal display screen |
| CN111552114A (en) * | 2020-03-24 | 2020-08-18 | 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 | Backlight module and display device |
| US11487140B2 (en) | 2020-03-24 | 2022-11-01 | Fuzhou Boe Optoelectronics Technology Co., Ltd. | Backlight assembly and display device |
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Application publication date: 20110216 |