CN101975132B - Short tube gas replenishing device for draft tube of water turbine - Google Patents
Short tube gas replenishing device for draft tube of water turbine Download PDFInfo
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- CN101975132B CN101975132B CN201010559372XA CN201010559372A CN101975132B CN 101975132 B CN101975132 B CN 101975132B CN 201010559372X A CN201010559372X A CN 201010559372XA CN 201010559372 A CN201010559372 A CN 201010559372A CN 101975132 B CN101975132 B CN 101975132B
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title abstract description 25
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000010349 pulsation Effects 0.000 description 12
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008676 import Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010977 unit operation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009661 fatigue test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003643 water by type Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003313 weakening effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/20—Hydro energy
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- Hydraulic Turbines (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a short tube gas replenishing device for a draft tube of a water turbine, belonging to the field of gas replenishing of a water turbine generator set. The short tube gas replenishing device for the draft tube of the water turbine is characterized in that the short tube gas replenishing device is arranged in the draft tube, passes through the tube wall of the draft tube through four branch tubes and is communicated with the atmosphere through an annular tube to form a gas replenishing loop; four short tubes are uniformly distributed on the same horizontal plane of the draft tube; and each short tube is in an upward arched form, i.e. each short tube forms an angle of 30-45 degrees with the upward horizontal plane or is parallel with the horizontal plane, each short tube is sealed by a plug, a gas outlet hole is formed below each short tube, and each gas outlet hole is positioned in the third quadrant of the cross section of each short tube seen from the center of the draft tube. The short tube gas replenishing device operates stably, and the gas replenishing quantity meets the requirement of the set. The short tube gas replenishing device does not generate the pipeline falling phenomenon, thereby reducing the daily maintenance, lowering the maintenance cost, avoiding the condition that the set operates without the gas replenishing device, and improving the safety and the stability of operation of the set.
Description
Technical field
This device belongs to hydraulic generator unit tonifying Qi field.
Background technique
Hydraulic generator unit making-up air device is divided into: two kinds of natural tonifying Qi and forced air supplies, and the tonifying Qi of draft tube short tube is the nature tonifying Qi; 1) for water turbine, the tonifying Qi majority all is used for reducing pressure pulsation.The draft tube tonifying Qi is to appear at whirlpool band pressure pulsation in the draft tube when being used for reducing the Francis turbine operation at part load, improves the draft tube internal pressure simultaneously, can improve the extent of cavitation of unit, and this also is the main purpose and the target of this project.2) position: in the turbine draft tube.
Existing draft tube tonifying Qi mode is: the draft tube cross current.
The damage of tonifying Qi frame mainly contains two kinds of possible reasons: the one, and strength deficiency; The 2nd, fatigue ruption.
(1) about the intensity of tonifying Qi frame
The mechanism of the parts damages that strength deficiency causes is that the static action force rate is bigger, makes the rupture strength of the stress at rest of parts above component materials.
In draft tube, static action power is only from the impact of current.If with extremely approximate method estimation, under the different operating modes, the static action power that is produced by water impact is no more than 10t～20t, the limit stress at rest value that produces at the arm root is no more than 500kg/cm
2～1000kg/cm
2, also do not consider the structure effect that various strengthening measures that the tonifying Qi frame taked and each arm are joined together in the estimation.Therefore, simple stress at rest can not make the arm of tonifying Qi frame rupture.
It is unexpected that situation also have: the tonifying Qi frame constitutes the structure of a sealing together with draft tube liner; During welding; The arm of tonifying Qi frame produces and expands, when cooling, because the contraction of material; Very big tensile stress will appear in arm, and this tensile stress can make the welding junction place of arm, particularly arm rupture sometimes.Even fracture do not occur, its intensity also can receive significantly and weakening, and than being easier to fatigue fracture takes place faster under the effect of dynamic load.When adopting the structure of cross current, this situation is with ubiquity.
(2) about the fatigue strength of tonifying Qi frame
Existing fatigue test of materials result shows that the fatigue strength of structure and material receives the influence of several factors, wherein has at least the influence of 6 kinds of factors can make the fatigue strength of material reduce by 30%～60%.For example, asymmetric circulation (average stress the be not equal to zero) fatigue strength of the material fatigue strength reduction that possibly circulate than symmetry under (average stress equals zero) situation down is at half; Fatigue strength during fatigue ratio unifrequency under the multi-frequency dynamic load low 30% is with first-class.
In the practical structures thing, usually be that multiple factor works simultaneously, thereby, the actual fatigue strength of material is reduced to below 10% or even 5% of test value.
As everyone knows, material can bear bigger stress at rest, but smaller dynamic stress just can make it that fatigue ruption takes place.Be not lack dynamic load in turbine draft tube, particularly under non-optimum operating condition, for example, whirlpool band pressure pulsation, the pressure pulsation that the pressure pulsation of karman vortex, blade frequencies, runner import impact, the separation of flow produce etc.The dynamic stress that they produce also can reach the degree that can compare with stress at rest.
Relate to above-mentioned current and the effect of welding to the cross current stress at rest, think, white scenery with hills and waters turbine tonifying Qi frame has the condition that produces fatigue ruption fully, and is likely the fatigue ruption that under static load and complicated dynamic load synergy, takes place.The pattern of back boxing place fracture also demonstrates certain fatigue fracture characteristic.
The problem that former technology exists: the former design of water turbine, draft tube cross current device is installed, but puts into operation soon, the tonifying Qi frame is just washed out, mend dress after, operation has still been washed out soon, so repeated multiple times.Therefore, water turbine usually moves under the situation that does not have the tonifying Qi frame.Through field measurement, under the situation that does not have the tonifying Qi frame, the full admission wind speed under the various power is less than 1m/s, and is pulsation air inlet state, and historical facts or anecdotes border air compensation is very little, and the tonifying Qi effect is undesirable; 2) new technology problem to be solved: A solves original cross making-up air device problem that often comes off; B solves the not enough problem of draft tube air compensation, increases air compensation, improves the tonifying Qi effect; Thereby reduce other pressure pulsations beyond the band pressure pulsation of whirlpool; Reduce the hydrodynamic noise in the draft tube; Improve the pressure in the draft tube, alleviate the cavitation corrosion of water turbine; The turbine efficiency in band operating mode district, whirlpool is slightly improved to some extent.C reduces the maintenance to the draft tube making-up air device.
Summary of the invention:
The former relatively cross making-up air device of this making-up air device is called as the short tube making-up air device, and characteristics are the defectives that often come off to hydraulic generator unit tail water tonifying Qi frame.
The short tube making-up air device is located in the draft tube, passes the draft tube tube wall by four short tubes and is connected with atmosphere through endless tube, check valve, forms the tonifying Qi loop; Four short tubes evenly distribute on the same horizontal plane of draft tube; Short tube adopt the arch form promptly with become 30 °-45 to upper horizontal plane or be parallel to horizontal plane, pipeline is connected in convenient and former draft tube base concrete, the while has also reduced the impact of tail water current to it; The short tube plug is shut, and air outlet hole is opened below the short tube, see that with the draft tube center short tube air outlet hole is in the third quadrant in short tube cross section.
Short tube is being seen with the draft tube center in the air outlet hole optimum position, in the third quadrant in short tube cross section and the air outlet hole center line become 130 ° of angles with+Y direction.
The tail water current impact from top to bottom, and further, short tube adopts the arch form promptly from the horizontal by 30 °-45.Reduced of the impact of tail water current to it.1) the short tube making-up air device is cancelled original cross making-up air device exposed conduit section; The short tube that changes into by four diameter of phi 219mm * 18mm links to each other with the outer endless tube of former draft tube back boxing; Endless tube is through a total steam outlet pipe and atmosphere; Check valve is equipped with in total steam outlet pipe import, and the small sircle hole on the short tube is an air outlet hole.Short tube is the arch form; Front plug shutoff.Determine the pore position at third quadrant and and towards the tail water tube wall according to the maximum principle of air compensation under the design head, during 50% load (whirlpool band pressure pulsation maximum).
2) principle: the short tube tonifying Qi utilizes main current in the draft tube to stream the vacuum that the tonifying Qi short tube forms and sucks draft tube to atmosphere.Therefore, its air outlet hole is positioned at the main current district of comparison near the tail water tube wall.Its advantage is: the power vacuum by main current form is highly stable, thereby air compensation is also highly stable, and, say that qualitatively air compensation is big more, it is big more to stream power vacuum, helps the increase of air compensation.
3) characteristics: (1) short tube making-up air device is stable, and air compensation satisfies the unit needs;
(2) the pipeline obscission did not take place in the short tube making-up air device, reduced the regular maintenance amount, reduced maintenance cost, had avoided unit not have the situation that making-up air device moves, and had improved the security and stability of unit operation.
(3) short tube making-up air device air compensation satisfies the unit operation requirement fully.
Description of drawings:
The plan view of Fig. 1 short tube air compensating system figure.
The sectional drawing of Fig. 2 (a) short tube making-up air device front view.
Fig. 2 (b) is the A-A direction view of Fig. 2 (a).
Wherein: 1 air outlet hole, 2 short tubes, 3 tail water inner boards, 4 endless tubes 5 are strengthened gusset 6 other unit pipeline 7 check valves.
Embodiment
Specify present embodiment below in conjunction with Fig. 1
The Bai Shanshui power station is positioned at the upper reaches, master stream, second Song Hua River, 1,700,000 kilowatts of total installed capacities, and design average annual energy output 24.77 hundred million kilowatt hours, wherein: the water power plant is three 300,000 kilowatts of mixed-flow wheel generator set under the white mountain region; Water power plant, Bai Shan left bank is two 300,000 kilowatts of mixed-flow wheel generator set; 39 kilometers red stone water power plant is four 50,000 kilowatts axial fixed blade propeller water turbine formula hydraulic generator units apart from the Bai Shan downstream.In system, undertake peak regulation, frequency modulation, emergency duty effect.Bai Shanshui power station first phase is installed three units, respectively at putting into operation year December December to 1984 nineteen eighty-three.Water turbine model HL001-LJ-550, rated head 112m, generator rating power 300MW, semi-umbrella type structure.
The tonifying Qi of hydraulic generator unit is divided into nature tonifying Qi and forced air supply dual mode, and the tonifying Qi of this draft tube short tube is the wherein a kind of of unit nature tonifying Qi;
The defective that this making-up air device often comes off to hydraulic generator unit tail water tonifying Qi frame and the innovation carried out improves.The short tube making-up air device is located in the draft tube, passes the draft tube tube wall by four diameters short tube that is Φ 219mm * 18mm and is connected with atmosphere through endless tube, check valve, forms the tonifying Qi loop; In this structure; Short tube length is 900mm-950mm; Because short tube length is merely 1/4 to 1/3 size of former cross short tube length, make it act on the dynamic load on the short tube and root is stressed reduces greatly, short tube all is relatively independent existence; Except that the diameter and pipe thickness of short tube, its intensity, rigidity and life-span are mainly by the fixing of root and reinforcing mode decision.Do not have the mutual interference between the short tube, the dynamic load that every short tube bears wants much little than cross; The mutual restriction and four blowdown pipes of former cross making-up air device connect together.
Four short tubes evenly distribute on the same horizontal plane of draft tube; Short tube adopts the arch form promptly from the horizontal by 30 °-45, and pipeline is connected in convenient and former draft tube base concrete, and the while has also reduced the impact of tail water current to it, avoids it obscission to occur;
The size of air compensation depends primarily on the design of air outlet hole position, direction and size in the draft tube; According to the maximum principle of air compensation under the design head, during 50% load (whirlpool band pressure pulsation maximum); Through design studies with the optimum position in tonifying Qi hole be taken at the short tube below, in the third quadrant of tail water tube wall; The air outlet hole center line becomes 130 ° of angles with+Y direction, and air outlet hole is of a size of 120*200mm, shuts the plug distance apart from short tube and is 100-150mm; Smooth, the no burr in edge of while air outlet hole is to reduce the flow resistance of air.
Improving innovation through this makes the draft tube air compensation increase 2-3 times for former making-up air device; Other pressure pulsations beyond the band pressure pulsation of whirlpool are reduced to some extent; Also reduced simultaneously the hydrodynamic noise in the draft tube; Improve the pressure in the draft tube, alleviate the cavitation corrosion of water turbine; The turbine efficiency in band operating mode district, whirlpool is increased; Ensure unit safety stable operation, reduced the regular maintenance amount, reduced maintenance cost.
Claims (2)
1. turbine draft tube short tube making-up air device, it is characterized in that: the short tube making-up air device is located in the draft tube, passes the draft tube tube wall by four short tubes and is connected with atmosphere through endless tube, forms the tonifying Qi loop; Four short tubes evenly distribute on the same horizontal plane of draft tube; Short tube adopts the arch form promptly to make progress into 30 °-45 or be parallel to horizontal plane with horizontal plane, and the short tube plug is shut, and air outlet hole is opened below the short tube, see that with the draft tube center short tube air outlet hole is in the third quadrant in short tube cross section.
2. according to the turbine draft tube short tube making-up air device of claim 1, it is characterized in that:
Short tube is being seen with the draft tube center in the air outlet hole position, in the third quadrant in short tube cross section and the air outlet hole center line become 130 ° of angles with+Y direction.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201010559372XA CN101975132B (en) | 2010-11-26 | 2010-11-26 | Short tube gas replenishing device for draft tube of water turbine |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201010559372XA CN101975132B (en) | 2010-11-26 | 2010-11-26 | Short tube gas replenishing device for draft tube of water turbine |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN101975132A CN101975132A (en) | 2011-02-16 |
| CN101975132B true CN101975132B (en) | 2012-11-14 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201010559372XA Expired - Fee Related CN101975132B (en) | 2010-11-26 | 2010-11-26 | Short tube gas replenishing device for draft tube of water turbine |
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Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103114956B (en) * | 2012-12-07 | 2015-08-05 | 哈尔滨电机厂有限责任公司 | Current stabilization making-up air device reduces the method for draft tube pressure pulsation amplitude |
| CN109187040B (en) * | 2018-09-13 | 2021-01-29 | 西安热工研究院有限公司 | Mechanical analysis method for failure of T-shaped blade root and blade root groove of steam turbine |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN2100503U (en) * | 1991-07-20 | 1992-04-01 | 东方电机厂 | Vane flow-stabilizing device of turbines |
| CN2871894Y (en) * | 2005-12-26 | 2007-02-21 | 武汉大学 | Air aerator of hydraulic turbine |
| CN201858074U (en) * | 2010-11-26 | 2011-06-08 | 白山发电厂 | Short pipe air supplement device for turbine draft tube |
-
2010
- 2010-11-26 CN CN201010559372XA patent/CN101975132B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN2100503U (en) * | 1991-07-20 | 1992-04-01 | 东方电机厂 | Vane flow-stabilizing device of turbines |
| CN2871894Y (en) * | 2005-12-26 | 2007-02-21 | 武汉大学 | Air aerator of hydraulic turbine |
| CN201858074U (en) * | 2010-11-26 | 2011-06-08 | 白山发电厂 | Short pipe air supplement device for turbine draft tube |
Non-Patent Citations (3)
| Title |
|---|
| 丁国兴.100MW机组尾水管压力异常脉动的消除.《浙江电力》.2003,(第2期),56~58. * |
| 上官永红等.湖南润海水电站水轮机补气装置设计.《机电技术》.2006,(第2期),29~31. * |
| 冯文贵等.东风发电厂机组大轴中心补气装置改造.《贵州水力发电》.2005,第19卷(第3期),54~56. * |
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| CN101975132A (en) | 2011-02-16 |
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| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
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Owner name: STATE ELECTRIC NET CROP. STATE GRID XINYUAN HYDROE Effective date: 20130124 |
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Effective date of registration: 20130124 Address after: 132400 Baishan power plant, 274 Huadian Avenue, Jilin, Huadian Patentee after: Baishan Power Plant Patentee after: State Grid Corporation of China Patentee after: State Grid Xinyuan Hydropower Co., Ltd. Address before: 132400 Baishan power plant, 274 Huadian Avenue, Jilin, Huadian Patentee before: Baishan Power Plant |
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| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20121114 Termination date: 20141126 |
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