CN101969078B - Selectively converging optical device - Google Patents
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- CN101969078B CN101969078B CN2010102479845A CN201010247984A CN101969078B CN 101969078 B CN101969078 B CN 101969078B CN 2010102479845 A CN2010102479845 A CN 2010102479845A CN 201010247984 A CN201010247984 A CN 201010247984A CN 101969078 B CN101969078 B CN 101969078B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
- Y02E10/52—PV systems with concentrators
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
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Abstract
The invention discloses a selectively converging optical device comprising a selective reflecting coating, an upper light guide layer, a light-to-frequency conversion coating, a lower light guide layer, a reflective layer and an encapsulation protective layer, which are overlapped sequentially from top to bottom. One side of the optical device is an emergent surface, and the other sides of the optical device are provided with the reflective layer and the encapsulation protective layer from the inside to the outside. The selective reflecting coating consists of any one selected from one-dimensional photonic crystals, two-dimensional photonic crystals and three-dimensional photonic crystals. The light-to-frequency conversion coating consists of an organic or inorganic fluorescent conversion material or semiconductor nanometer crystals for converting incident light into isotropic light with the same wavelength for being emitted. The forbidden-band wavelength of the photonic crystals is the same with the wavelength of the emitted light of the light-to-frequency conversion coating. The selectively converging optical device can be used for converging light and emitting light with the same wavelength on the emergent surface.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the optics that a kind of Wavelength-selective converges output, this optics can convert the incident light of sensitive surface into the light of specific wavelength, and converges output at the fixedly end face of optics.
Background technology
Converging of light all has great significance to optics, light-use etc.And converging of the light of conventional geometric optical significance has two kinds of forms usually: a kind of is to converge through the transmission refraction; Promptly adopt the lens or the Fresnel Lenses of certain geometrical shape to make anaclasis, thereby converge the direction of propagation that changes directional light regularly in the focus generation.A kind of is to converge through reflection, promptly adopts concave mirrors such as parabolic minute surface, concave-sphere face to the reflection of incident directional light light to be produced in focus and converges.Limitation below yet the light of the above-mentioned two kinds of geometric opticses form that converges exists: the one, have only the light of horizontal infection to be converged, diffusion light can't converge through above-mentioned two kinds of forms; The 2nd, light can only be converged in the along of lens or concave mirror, and the position of focus can change along with the variation of incident parallel rays direction.
The dyestuff concentration piece of a kind of new model of the prior art sees also Fig. 2.This concentration piece is a doping fluorescent material dyestuff 92 in high index of refraction body phase material 91; Fluorescence through dyestuff; The incident light of sensitive surface part wavelength is converted into the fluorescence of isotropic same wavelength; Through the inner full-reflection of high-index material and the high reflection layer of periphery and bottom surface, the inside fluorescence after transforming is converged in the exiting surface of a built-in edge of body phase material, thereby realize converging the sensitive surface incident light.
This concentration piece can converge directional light and diffuse, and it is irrelevant basically to converge the direction of light and incident ray.But because: 1, can only transform the light that partly can excite the wavelength of dyestuff in the incident light.2, can't overcome the dopant dye molecule decays interior lights to the repeating to absorb of internal light fast.3, there is the escape angle in the inner full-reflection of body phase material, and the light that is in the total reflection escape angle can be escaped from the plane of incidence, thereby can't avoid the energy loss of escape of light.4, dyestuff causes the dyestuff concentration piece extremely unstable easily by photobleaching, and the life-span is very short.
The patent No. is the flat-plate concentration device that the United States Patent (USP) of US6476312 B1 discloses another kind of novelty; This flat-plate concentration device is with the nanocrystalline height refraction transparent material that is doped into; Utilize the inner full-reflection effect of nanocrystalline fluorescent effect and body phase material, light is converged to a built-in edge of body phase material.
Though the absorption of nanocrystalline luminescence generated by light and emission wavelength can be by nanocrystalline particle diameter controls; Material is relatively stable; But because the monodispersity of nanocrystalline material is difficult to control, polydisperse nanocrystalline the overlapping of fluorescence Strock effect and emission-absorption spectrum that exist equally kept away and unavoidably repeats the problem that absorbs; Thereby the optical efficiency of entire device is reduced, can't reach practical state; And, also can't avoid the light loss at total reflection escape angle because the plane of incidence adopts inner full-reflection that the fluorescence guiding is converged end face equally.
Summary of the invention
The present invention exists escape angle and the technical problem that repeats to absorb, the optics that provides a kind of selectivity to converge in order to solve the existing optics that converges.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above; The optics that the technical scheme that the present invention adopts converges for a kind of selectivity of design; It is characterized in that: comprise the selective reflecting rete that stacks gradually, last optical waveguide layer, optical frequency conversion rete, following optical waveguide layer, reflector and packaging protection layer from top to bottom; One side of said optics is an exiting surface, and all the other sides are outside equipped with described reflector and packaging protection layer by introversion.
Said selective reflecting rete is made up of any of 1-D photon crystal, 2 D photon crystal or three-D photon crystal.
Said optical frequency conversion layer constitutes by incident light being converted into the same wavelength of isotropism photoemissive organic or inorganic fluorescence transformational substance or semiconductor nano; The forbidden band wavelength of said photonic crystal is identical with the radiative wavelength of this optical frequency conversion layer.
Said optical frequency conversion layer is the combination of any or said structure of overall structure, multi-layer compound structure, lattice structure or bar paten film layer structure.
Described upper and lower optical waveguide layer is made up of any of the liquid cavity of organic or inorganic material, vacuum cavity or the high permeability of high permeability.
Said reflector is any of metallic mirror surface reflector, organic or inorganic diffuse reflector or one dimension, two dimension, three-D photon crystal.
Said packaging protection layer is made up of organic resin or inorganic Coating Materials.
Said exiting surface position is provided with a photoelectric conversion device.
The present invention also provides the manufacture method of the optics that a kind of selectivity converges, and comprises the following steps:
Photonic crystal is produced on the LGP of a high permeability, forms the photon crystal film of one deck selective reflecting, i.e. the selective reflecting rete;
Embedded photoluminescent material is produced on the another side of said LGP, forms optical frequency conversion rete, and make the radiative wavelength of optical frequency conversion rete identical with the forbidden band wavelength of selective reflecting rete photonic crystal;
With bonding with the LGP of said optical frequency conversion rete and another high permeability of the optical cement of high permeability;
At the bottom surface of above-mentioned stepped construction and the material of three side vacuum evaporation high reflectances, form the reflector, remain a side as exiting surface, form a packaging protection layer again in the outside in said reflector.
Said photonic crystal adopts vertical deposition method or vacuum vapour deposition to be produced on the LGP; The mode of said embedded photoluminescent material employing vacuum coating or the mode of spin-coating are produced on the another side of conductor plate.
Compared with prior art; The present invention through optics be provided with the selective reflecting rete, on optical waveguide layer, optical frequency conversion rete, optical waveguide layer, reflector down; And the selective reflecting rete falls into one dimension, two dimension or the three-D photon crystal that target converges among the wavelength by the forbidden band wavelength and constitutes; Optical frequency conversion rete converts incident light into the light identical with the forbidden band wavelength of selective reflecting rete photonic crystal and penetrates from exiting surface through the reflection in selective reflecting rete or reflector, thereby has overcome the problem that light is escaped away from the escape angle in the prior art.Simultaneously,, be provided with down optical waveguide layer and reflector below it, overcome the problem that light repeats to absorb because optical frequency conversion rete adopts film layer structure.
The optics that selectivity of the present invention converges has the following advantages: 1, light converges end face and fixes, and output intensity is basic and the incident ray orientation independent; 2, directional light can either be converged, diffusion light can be converged again; 3, can be through the forbidden band wavelength of adjustment selective reflecting rete and the emission wavelength of optical frequency conversion layer, the output wavelength of light is converged in adjustment; 4, the optical frequency conversion layer has avoided repeating the absorption problem largely owing to adopt film layer structure; 5, the optical frequency conversion layer adopts film layer structure, can realize the full spectrum utilization of incident light basically; 6,, cause the optical energy loss problem thereby avoided the escape angle of total reflection to cause transmission to be gone out basically owing to adopt the selective reflecting rete; 7, the optically focused ratio is proportional with the ratio that sensitive surface area and light converge the face area, and optically focused is than adjustable.
Description of drawings
Below in conjunction with embodiment and accompanying drawing the present invention is elaborated, wherein:
Accompanying drawing 1 is optic structure and the optically focused principle schematic that selectivity of the present invention converges;
Accompanying drawing 2 is optically focused schematic diagrams of prior art dyestuff concentration piece.
Accompanying drawing 3a is photonic crystal choice reflective film layer wavelength-transmitance figure.
Accompanying drawing 3b is photonic crystal choice reflective film layer wavelength-reflectance map.
Embodiment
See also Fig. 1.The optics that selectivity of the present invention converges comprises the selective reflecting rete 1 that is arranged in order, last optical waveguide layer 2, optical frequency conversion rete 3, following optical waveguide layer 4, reflector 5, packaging protection layer 6 from top to bottom; The right flank of the optics that converges in selectivity is an exiting surface 7, and all the other sides are outside equipped with reflector and packaging protection layer by introversion.Side at exiting surface 7 places also is provided with a photoelectric conversion device 8, and described photoelectric conversion device can be photocell or photoconduction etc.Photoelectric conversion device 8 is used for the phototransformation that converges that exiting surface obtains is become signal of telecommunication output.In the present embodiment, selective reflecting rete 1 adopts 1-D photon crystal to constitute, and also can select 2 D photon crystal to constitute as required or the three-D photon crystal formation.
Photonic crystal is a kind of artificial crystal that is formed in the space periodicity arrangement by two or more material with differing dielectric constant.According to the spatial arrangements mode of differing dielectric constant material, photonic crystal can be divided into one dimension, two and three dimensions photonic crystal.
There is photon band gap in photonic crystal; The light that falls into the wavelength in the photon band gap can not be propagated at photonic crystal; Thereby demonstrate total reflection phenomenon; And the orientation independent of this total reflection and incident light, there is not the escape angle of light, the light wavelength that the photon band gap of this moment is corresponding is called the forbidden band wavelength of photonic crystal in the design.
Therefore; Dielectric constant, space scale and the duty ratio of the photonic crystal of selection cycle property arrangement " lattice material "; Just can control the light spread state therein of different wave length, thereby to the light generation total reflection of selected target wavelength, then almost completely transparent to all the other light.
Fig. 3 a is that a photonic crystal sees through wavelength and transmitance graph of a relation, and Fig. 3 b is this photonic crystal reflection wavelength and reflectivity graph of a relation.Visible by figure, photonic crystal can reflect seldom part to the transmittance overwhelming majority of some wavelength, perhaps to the light reflection overwhelming majority of some wavelength and a transmission part seldom.
The present invention will utilize this specific character of photonic crystal to come selective reflecting or transmitted ray in selective reflecting rete 1 just, makes the sub-fraction reflection of incident light, and most of selective reflecting rete that sees through.The light that sees through simultaneously converts the light identical with the forbidden band wavelength of photonic crystal to through optical frequency conversion rete 3, thereby makes the light total reflection in selective reflecting rete 1 after the conversion, converges at last in the photoelectric conversion device 7, has reduced the loss of light.
The photonic crystal band wavelength of photonic crystal that is selective reflecting rete 1 is identical with the radiative wavelength of optical frequency conversion layer, falls into target and converges among the wavelength.The photonic crystal band wavelength is convert light corresponding light wavelength of photonic crystal photon band gap when the total reflection of selective reflecting rete of the emission of light after the conversion that makes the optical frequency conversion layer.
Photonic crystal can adopt vacuum coating, little processing etching, interference light to cause methods such as organic polymer, electrostatic force assembling, gravitational settling, centrifugal force sedimentation particulate and make.
Embedded photoluminescent materials such as conversion or semiconductor nano constitute on conversion under the optical frequency conversion rete 3 employing organic or inorganic fluorescence, the organic or inorganic fluorescence; And form whole film layer structure or rete combining structure by above-mentioned embedded photoluminescent material, the dot matrix film layer structure or the bar paten film layer structure that perhaps constitute by above-mentioned embedded photoluminescent material.It also can be the combination of said structure.Optical frequency conversion rete 3 is converted into incident light the light of isotropic same wavelength; And the radiative wavelength of optical frequency conversion rete is identical with the forbidden band wavelength of the photonic crystal of selective reflecting rete 1, also penetrates from exiting surface 7 at last so that at selective reflecting rete 1 total reflection takes place through the emission luminous energy after the conversion.
Simultaneously, optical frequency conversion rete 3 adopts film layer structure also can prevent the repeat absorption of the material of optical frequency conversion rete to light.
Upper and lower optical waveguide layer is to adopt the organic or inorganic material of high permeability to constitute, and also can be made up of liquid cavity, the 2 D photon crystal of vacuum cavity, high permeability.
Metallic mirror surface reflector, organic or inorganic diffuse reflector are adopted in reflector 5, or adopt one dimension, two dimension, three-dimensional forbidden band photonic crystal to constitute, and it is arranged on bottom surface and three sides, penetrate from exiting surface 7 at last with the light reflection that will be mapped to the reflector.
Behind the sensitive surface incident light I process selective reflecting rete 1; The light I ' of the specific wavelength of few part is reflected, the light transmission selective reflecting rete 1 of its commplementary wave length, and through too high last optical waveguide layer 2 arrival optical frequency conversion retes 3; Change the conversion of the embedded photoluminescent material of rete 3 through optical frequency; Launch light I isotropic and the identical wavelength of I ' ", through the reflection of the selective reflection film on upper strata 1, finally converge to exiting surface 7 and penetrate light Io with bottom surface and offside reflection film 5.The light that the present invention can be converted into specific wavelength with the incident directional light and the diffusion light of sensitive surface; And with the output of the light of this specific wavelength; Exiting surface obtain with (sensitive surface area/exiting surface area) ratio proportional converge light, and the direction of output light intensity and incident ray is irrelevant basically.Therefore, can select the embedded photoluminescent material of forbidden band wavelength and the optical frequency conversion rete of photonic crystal can obtain the light that converges of actual needs as required at exiting surface 7 places.
The optics that selectivity of the present invention converges can be made through following method:
Method 1:
Is that the styrene particle deposition of 266 nanometers is thick to 2.5mm through vertical deposition method with particle diameter; On the optical glass sheet of 50mm*50mm high permeability; Form the photon crystal film of one deck selective reflecting, promptly the selective reflecting rete 1, and its reflection forbidden band wavelength is 630nm.
The mode that adopts vacuum coating forms optical frequency conversion rete 3 with the another side of the CaS:Eu Sm vapor deposition that has converting photoluminescent effect up and down simultaneously to this sheet glass, and its conversion back emission wavelength peak is positioned at 625nm, 630nm.
Sheet glass with the EVA optical cement of high permeability is identical with lower floor is bonding, forms sandwich, thereby forms optical waveguide layer 4 down.
The aluminium of three the side vacuum evaporation in bottom surface and edge high reflectance forms reflector 5, reserves a side as the exiting surface 7 that converges light, and 5 the outside adopts organic resin or inorganic Coating Materials to form a packaging protection layer 6 in the reflector again.Exiting surface obtain with (sensitive surface Mian Ji exports area) proportional relation of ratio converge ruddiness.
Method 2:
Is that to deposit to thickness be 2.5mm for the polystyrene microsphere of 230 nanometers through vertical deposition method with particle diameter; Area is on the optical glass sheet front of high permeability of 100mm*100mm; Form the photon crystal film of one deck selective reflecting; Be selective reflecting rete 1, its reflection forbidden band wavelength is 520nm.
Adopt the mode of vacuum coating will launch the embedded photoluminescent material SrAl2O4:Eu2+ of 520nm wavelength light, the Dy3+ vapor deposition forms optical frequency conversion rete 3 at the another side of the glass lens that forms photon crystal film.
Sheet glass with the EVA optical cement of high permeability is identical with lower floor is bonding, forms sandwich, thereby forms optical waveguide layer 4 down.
The barium sulfate of three the high diffuse reflectances of side vacuum evaporation in bottom surface and edge forms reflector 5, reserves a remaining side as the exiting surface 7 that converges light, and 5 the outside adopts organic resin or inorganic Coating Materials to form a packaging protection layer 6 in the reflector again.Exiting surface obtain with (sensitive surface Mian Ji exports area) proportional relation of ratio converge green glow.
Method 3:
Is that to be deposited on thickness be 3mm for the phenylethylene micro ball of 189 nanometers through vertical deposition method with particle diameter; Area is the front of the high permeability glass sheet of 150mm*150mm; Form the photon crystal film of one deck selective reflecting, promptly the selective reflecting rete 1, and its reflection forbidden band wavelength is 440nm.
Adopt the mode of vacuum coating will launch the embedded photoluminescent material CaAl2O4:Eu2+ of 440nm wavelength light, Nd3+, La3+ vapor deposition form optical frequency conversion rete 3 at the another side of the glass lens that forms photon crystal film.
Sheet glass with the EVA optical cement of high permeability is identical with lower floor is bonding, forms sandwich, thereby forms optical waveguide layer 4 down.
The argent of three the side vacuum evaporation in bottom surface and edge high reflectance forms reflector 5, reserves a remaining side as the exiting surface 7 that converges light, and 5 the outside adopts organic resin or inorganic Coating Materials to form a packaging protection layer 6 in the reflector again.Exiting surface obtain with (sensitive surface Mian Ji exports area) proportional relation of ratio converge blue light.
Method 4:
Mode through vacuum evaporation is 3mm at thickness, and area is that the front of the high permeability glass sheet of 50mm*50mm replaces each 10 layers of vapor deposition MgF and Zns, and forming the forbidden band wavelength is the 1-D photon crystal film 1 of 800nm.
The embedded photoluminescent material that the mode of employing spin-coating will be launched the hybrid of 800nm forms optical frequency conversion rete 3 at the another side of the sheet glass that forms photon crystal film.
The argent of three the side vacuum evaporation in bottom surface and edge high reflectance forms reflector 5, reserves a remaining side as the exiting surface 7 that converges light, and 5 the outside adopts organic resin or inorganic Coating Materials to form a packaging protection layer 6 in the reflector again.Exiting surface obtain with (sensitive surface Mian Ji exports area) proportional relation of ratio converge near infrared light.
Embedded photoluminescent material in the said method is the design's optical frequency conversion layer described organic or inorganic fluorescence transformational substance or semiconductor nano.
Claims (8)
1. optics that selectivity converges; It is characterized in that: comprise the selective reflecting rete (1) that stacks gradually, last optical waveguide layer (2), optical frequency conversion rete (3), following optical waveguide layer (4), reflector (5) and packaging protection layer (6) from top to bottom; One side of said optics is exiting surface (7), and all the other sides are outside equipped with described reflector (5) and packaging protection layer (6) by introversion; Said selective reflecting rete (1) is made up of any of 1-D photon crystal, 2 D photon crystal or three-D photon crystal; Said optical frequency conversion layer (3) constitutes by incident light being converted into the same wavelength of isotropism photoemissive organic or inorganic fluorescence transformational substance or semiconductor nano; The forbidden band wavelength of said photonic crystal is identical with the radiative wavelength of this optical frequency conversion layer.
2. the optics that selectivity according to claim 1 converges is characterized in that: said optical frequency conversion layer (3) is the combination of any or said structure of overall structure, multi-layer compound structure, lattice structure or bar paten film layer structure.
3. the optics that selectivity according to claim 2 converges is characterized in that: described upper and lower optical waveguide layer (2,4) is made up of any of the liquid cavity of organic or inorganic material, vacuum cavity or the high permeability of high permeability.
4. the optics that selectivity according to claim 3 converges is characterized in that: said reflector (5) are any of metallic mirror surface reflector, organic or inorganic diffuse reflector or one dimension, two dimension, three-D photon crystal.
5. the optics that selectivity according to claim 4 converges is characterized in that: said packaging protection layer (6) is made up of organic resin or inorganic Coating Materials.
6. the optics that selectivity according to claim 1 converges is characterized in that: said exiting surface (7) position is provided with a photoelectric conversion device (8).
7. the manufacture method of the optics that converges of a selectivity as claimed in claim 1 comprises the following steps:
Photonic crystal is produced on the LGP (2) of a high permeability, forms the photon crystal film of one deck selective reflecting, i.e. selective reflecting rete (1);
Embedded photoluminescent material is produced on the another side of said LGP (2), forms optical frequency conversion rete (3), and make the radiative wavelength of optical frequency conversion rete (3) identical with the forbidden band wavelength of selective reflecting rete (1) photonic crystal;
With bonding with the LGP (4) of said optical frequency conversion rete (3) and another high permeability of the optical cement of high permeability;
At the bottom surface of above-mentioned stepped construction and the material of three side vacuum evaporation high reflectances, form reflector (5), remain a side as exiting surface (7), form a packaging protection layer (6) again in the outside in said reflector.
8. the manufacture method of the optics that selectivity according to claim 7 converges is characterized in that: said photonic crystal adopts vertical deposition method or vacuum vapour deposition to be produced on the LGP; The mode of said embedded photoluminescent material employing vacuum coating or the mode of spin-coating are produced on the another side of conductor plate.
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| CN103236462A (en) * | 2013-04-01 | 2013-08-07 | 重庆大学 | Efficient solar energy fluorescence condenser |
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| US20080105293A1 (en) * | 2006-11-02 | 2008-05-08 | Guardian Industries Corp. | Front electrode for use in photovoltaic device and method of making same |
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| EP0940860A1 (en) * | 1997-08-27 | 1999-09-08 | NAKATA, Josuke | Spheric semiconductor device, method for manufacturing the same, and spheric semiconductor device material |
| WO2008093834A1 (en) * | 2007-02-02 | 2008-08-07 | Rohm Co., Ltd. | Solid-state imaging device and method for manufacturing the same |
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