CN1019669B - Process and apparatus for reduction of molten iron ore - Google Patents
Process and apparatus for reduction of molten iron oreInfo
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- CN1019669B CN1019669B CN 88108145 CN88108145A CN1019669B CN 1019669 B CN1019669 B CN 1019669B CN 88108145 CN88108145 CN 88108145 CN 88108145 A CN88108145 A CN 88108145A CN 1019669 B CN1019669 B CN 1019669B
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Abstract
A method for smelting reduction of iron ore comprises the steps of : preheating and prereducing iron ore ; charging said preheated and prereduced iron ore , carbonaceous material and flux into a smelting reduction furnace(10) ; blowing oxygen gas through a top blow oxygen lance(21) having decarburizing nozzles(25) and post-combustion nozzles(26) into said smelting reduction furnace (10), an end of said top blow oxygen lance(21) being arranged between an upper side level of a slag layer(12) and a lower side level ofsaid slag layer(12) ; blowing a stirring gas through at least one side tuyere(25) placed in side wall of said smelting furnace (10) and at least on bottom tuyer (26) placed in bottom wall of said reduction furnace (10) so that at least part of said stirring gas introduced through at least one said side tuyere hits a swollen portion of the molten metal by said stirring gas introduced through at least one said bottom tuyere(26); and controlling a flow rate of said oxygen gas and saidstirring gas blown in said smelting reduction furnace (10) so that an OD of infurnace gas of said smelting furnace (10) ranges 0.5 to 1.0. where said OD is represented bythe following formula : OD = ( H2O + CO2 )/( H2+ H2O + CO + CO2 ). And, further,an apparatus used in the above-mentioned method.
Description
The present invention relates to a kind of melting reduction method of the pig iron; Particularly, carbonaceous material is both as fuel in this method, and again as reductive agent, and iron ore is also reduced by melting in a top-blown oxygen converter.The invention still further relates to relevant equipment.
Melting reduction method attains full development recently to replace blast furnace system iron method, and it has overcome many shortcomings of the latter; Blast furnace system iron method not only requires expensive fabrication cost, but also requires huge construction place.
In previous a kind of melting reduction method, iron ore carries out prereduction by a kind of waste gas, then through the iron ore of prereduction with carbonaceous material and the flux fusion reducing furnace of packing into together.Then again oxidation and stirring gas are blasted the smelting reduction stove.So carbonaceous material fuses because of the liquid pig iron that is equipped with in advance, simultaneously, the carbon that contains in the carbonaceous material is by dioxygen oxidation.By means of the heat that this oxygenizement produced, ore obtains melting, and obtains reduction by means of the carbon that contains in the carbonaceous material.The CO gas that is produced in the molten metal so becomes CO again owing to blast unnecessary oxygen
2Gas.This CO
2Sensible heat pass to abrasive grit in slag and topped the slag on liquid pig iron surface, pass to liquid pig iron then.
Like this, iron ore is reduced into liquid pig iron.In this technological process, in order to alleviate the load of reduction process in the fusion reducing furnace, iron ore is through prereduction; Such as, as disclosed in the Japanese Patent NO.434 06/86, before iron ore is packed fusion reducing furnace into, with reduction degree 60 to 75% prereduction in addition.As a result, the waste gas that comes from fusion reducing furnace becomes the low gas of degree of oxidation with height reductibility, and people need to be forced to a large amount of this waste gas.
If before the fusion reducing furnace of packing into, iron ore alleviates purpose that in fusion reducing furnace reduction process load through prereduction to reach with at least 30% ratio, comes from the oxidisability (after this being called " OD ") of the waste gas of fusion reducing furnace and will beg to surrender low; Here OD is by formula " (H
2O+CO
2)/(H
2+ H
2O+CO+CO
2) " express.As a result, the amount of waste gas must strengthen; Just shown this point such as Japanese Patent NO.43406/86.The nature that increases of this waste gas has improved production cost.Thereby, in order to obtain the higher prereduction ratio of iron ore, then need to have the waste gas of low OD, also long than in the smelting reduction stove and the residence time of iron ore in pre-reducing furnace has to.So filling just is difficult to control through the iron ore of prereduction and the equilibrium of discharging between each circulation of liquid pig iron that has produced.The consequence that this situation must cause is to want the span of control limit of control in the strict restriction smelting reduction stove.
In addition, for the burn-off rate that improves iron ore and the reduction of quickening iron ore, adopt traditionally a kind of in fusion reducing furnace the right CO gas in back and utilize the method for the heat that generates therefrom, wherein be used for the right O in back
2Gas is to send into by some air ports that are positioned at the melting and reducing furnace top cover.But, in customary way, although the temperature of waste gas can raise when the right ratio in back improves, the sensible heat of passing to liquid pig iron is insufficient.The consequence that this situation causes is to be forced to discharge high-temp waste gas.The problem of this method is that a kind of like this High Temperature Gas is known from experience the fire-resistant inwall of invasion and attack fusion reducing furnace.
Thereby one to generally believing so far, and the OD of waste gas can not improve so far forth.In view of the above problems, the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of melting reduction method, yet obtain according to this that good heat transfer efficient, the fire-resistant inwall of protection are constant to be attacked, reach efficient preheating and prereduction and guarantee rational serviceability because of the heat that causes of back.
According to the present invention, a kind of melting reduction method of the pig iron is provided, this method comprises following each step:
Preheating and pre-reduced iron ore;
Will be through preheating and pre-reduced iron ore, carbonaceous material and the flux smelting reduction stove of packing into;
By a top blow oxygen lance that has the right nozzle of decarburization nozzle and back oxygen is blasted the smelting reduction stove, an end of described top blow oxygen lance is placed between the last plane and lower plane of slag layer;
Be positioned at the crosswind mouth on the melting and reducing furnace sidewall and air port, the end that at least one is positioned on the reduction furnace chassis blasts a kind of stirring gas by at least one, make at least a portion of sending into by at least one crosswind mouth stir gas percussion and heave portion by the liquid pig iron that the stirring gas of sending into by at least one air port, the end causes;
Described stirring gas is from by Ar, N
2, CO, CO
2At least a gas of selecting in the one group of gas that is constituted with process gas;
Adjusting blasts the oxygen of fusion reducing furnace and stirs the flow of gas, makes that the scope of OD of the furnace gas that fusion reducing furnace generates is 0.5 to 1.0(not comprise 1.0);
In addition,, provide a kind of equipment that meets aforesaid method, comprising according to the present invention:
The preheating pre-reducing furnace of preheating and pre-reduced iron ore;
To pack into wherein and iron ore fusion therein and reductive fusion reducing furnace through iron ore, carbonaceous material and the flux of preheating and prereduction for one;
A top blow oxygen lance that has the right nozzle of decarburization nozzle and back and oxygen is blasted described fusion reducing furnace;
At least one is positioned at crosswind mouth on the melting and reducing furnace sidewall and at least one and is positioned at air port, the end on the melting and reducing furnace hearth plate, blast a kind of stirring gas respectively by them, make the portion of heaving of the liquid pig iron that the described stirring gas percussion of at least a portion sent into by described at least one crosswind mouth is caused by described at least one air port, the end.
This purpose of the present invention and some other purpose and advantage, make in conjunction with the accompanying drawings subsequently be described in detail after, will be fairly obvious.
Fig. 1 is the synoptic diagram that shows smelting and rducing iron ores apparatus embodiments of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the view that shows air-flow situation in the fusion reducing furnace of a part of pie graph 1 apparatus shown;
Fig. 3 is the view that shows position relation between each crosswind mouth of the present invention and each end internal orifice;
Fig. 4 shows that heat transfer efficiency is with the figure of oxygen rifle height relationships among the present invention;
Fig. 5 is the figure that shows heat transfer efficiency homonymy air blowing body discharge relation among the present invention.
According to research and the concrete mensuration of very doing improving heat transfer efficiency and promotion reduction of iron ore to the fusion reducing furnace working mechanism, the inventor draws some conclusions.
(1) according to the basic conception in more above-mentioned prior arts, owing to improving biography Limitation on the thermal efficiency method and technology and because the overheated meeting of after-burning causes the damage of the thinner furnace wall of fusion reducing furnace, the after-burning ratio can not improve greatly. Yet, if oxygen is blasted slag layer, and meanwhile stir fiercely slag, so that after-burning is mainly carried out, in the very high heat transfer efficiency of maintenance, can reach the after-burning of height within slag layer. So, because the after-burning of height, the liquid pig iron pill that contains in slag and the slag just obtains sufficient heat supply, so that can be carried out efficiently by the formed reduction of iron ore process of the C that occurs in the following formula, O refers to shape or drips or the carbon for containing in the motlten metal of metal bath for metal is thin here.
(2) in the method for prior art, some examples are arranged, wherein during whole or certain restore job, to carry out oxygen bottom blowing. This oxygen bottom blowing is disadvantageous for the after-burning of height. When namely carrying out oxygen bottom blowing, can produce a large amount of CO gas in liquid pig iron, liquid pig iron is subjected to strong agitation. As a result, the liquid pig iron that splashes enters after-burning zone, the same oxygen reaction of the C that contains in the liquid pig iron that splashes, thus the after-burning ratio has been lowered. Thereby no matter the time length of bottom blowing must be avoided oxygen bottom blowing.
Based on these understanding and experience, the present invention has realized a kind of efficient restore job, and defined terms is as follows:
The side-blown of (a) stirring gas combines with bottom blowing, is present in the zone in the slag layer and goes so that liquid pig iron automatically is diffused into iron ore, has promoted the reduction by the formed iron ore of C in the liquid pig iron.
(b) decarburization nozzle and after-burning nozzle are placed among the top blow oxygen lance and pass through them Blast oxygen, obtain so predetermined or higher OD level. Oxygen by the after-burning nozzle is sent into slag layer, forms a zone of carrying out after-burning in slag layer. Slag layer carries out strong agitation jointly by side-blown gas and top-blown gas. Thereby, can pass to iron ore by the heat that after-burning produces.
(c) from by Ar, N2、CO、CO
2At least a gas of selecting in the one group of gas that consists of with process gas blasts by sidewall and chassis as stirring gas, makes the unlikely decline of after-burning degree. Oxygen is not used in this purpose.
Except aforesaid, blast powdery carbonaceous material, fuel oil or steam by the upper cover part of fusion reducing furnace or the gas upgrading air port of side wall upper part, reduction furnace exhaust emission tube or preheating and pre-reducing furnace among the present invention. This blowing can be improved the quality that generates gas in the fusion reducing furnace, reduces the OD of the furnace gas that generates; And the various gases of process upgrading can be facilitated higher prereduction degree. The temperature of the waste gas behind the upgrading preferably is controlled at 300 to 1,300 ℃ of scopes. If temperature is lower than 300 ℃, can't look to producing preheating effect, in addition, also worry in gas upgrading process, to occur the trouble of tar. Conversely, if temperature surpasses 1,300 ℃, in the equipment adiabatic problem can appear. Have again, by means of gas upgrading cooling degree also favourable aspect the adiabatic problem of equipment.
Now specifically with reference to the embodiment of smelting and rducing iron ores equipment among description of drawings the present invention.Fig. 1 shows the block diagram of smelting and rducing iron ores equipment among the present invention.Two M mean two M and interconnect among Fig. 1, and two N mean two N and interconnect.In smelting reduction stove 10, metal pool 11 and slag layer 12 have been formed.Fusion reducing furnace has a top blow oxygen lance 21, inserts slag layer downward vertically.Decarburization nozzle 22 and after-burning nozzle 23 are equipped with in the end of top blow oxygen lance, and oxygen is blasted stove 10.Crosswind mouth 25 and air port, the end 26 are housed respectively on stove 10 sidewalls and chassis, blast stirring gas by them.This gas is from by Af, N
2, CO, CO
2At least a gas of selecting in the one group of gas that constitutes with process gas.Process gas is a kind of gas that generates in the melting and reducing equipment among the present invention.
First chute 13 and second chute 14 are housed respectively about the top of stove 10.By first chute 13 and second chute 14, will by the carbonaceous material supplied with loading machine (not going out for simplicity's sake) and flux and in fluidized bed type preheating and pre-reducing furnace 30 iron ore of prereduction be respectively charged into fusion reducing furnace by gravity.The vapor pipe 15 that uses for the waste gas of discharging in the stove 10 is housed on the stove.Should be noted that fluidized bed type preheating and pre-reducing furnace can be replaced by shaft furnace and rotary kiln type stove; Shaft furnace has higher thermo-efficiency, low, the easy handling of rotary kiln type furnace apparatus cost; Do like this characteristic of the present invention is not had any impairment.
One or more gas upgrading air port 9 is housed on the top of described vapor pipe, blasts powdery carbon material, fuel oil or steam as the gas modification agent by the air port; The quality of waste gas is improved, make it to become a kind of gas with low OD value.In addition, also be equipped with: hot tornado dust collector 31, waste gas is sent into wherein from fusion reducing furnace 10, and dust is removed, but does not lose the high calorie of waste gas; Preheating and pre-reducing furnace 30, waste gas is sent into wherein, the preheating iron ore; Separator 35 is accepted the waste gas from preheating and pre-reducing furnace, removes the iron ore particulate that contains in the waste gas.Also have a pressure assembly 27, the iron ore particulate that the iron ore from separator 35 is separated mixes with a kind of carrier gases, forms mixture, and pressurizes to mixture.This kind mixture blasts stove 10 by crosswind mouth 25 and air port, the end 26.Should be noted that a part of iron ore particulate also can return preheating and pre-reducing furnace 30, as iron ore preheating and prereduction in addition, although do not draw among Fig. 1.Have, for the purpose of utilizing heat, without separator 35 a preheater preheating iron ore is installed, this practice is effectively.As carrier gases, can adopt from by Ar, N
2, CO, Co
2A kind of gas of selecting in the one group of gas that constitutes with process gas.
Secondly, narration is used for a kind of melting reduction method for iron ore of the melting and reducing equipment that the front illustrated.As the iron ore of raw material from described loading machine (not shown) pack into preheating and pre-reducing furnace 30, in stove 30 after preheating and the prereduction, iron ore by gravity by second chute 14 fusion reducing furnace 10 of packing into.Various carbonaceous materials and flux by gravity by first chute 13 stove 10 of also packing into.In fusion reducing furnace, form metal pool 11 and slag layer 12.The furnace gas that fusion reducing furnace 10 generates in slag layer 12 is owing to the reaction in furnace that will illustrate has in detail subsequently improved the OD value.This furnace gas in-line arrangement tracheae 15 is up, prepares to enter pre-reducing furnace 30, and will meet with a kind of gas modification agent as this furnace gas of waste gas, and the latter will blast vapor pipe 15 by the gas upgrading air port 9 that is placed in vapor pipe 15 tops.The upgrading operation of this waste gas also will be explained subsequently in detail.
Owing to reaction in furnace has strengthened the furnace gas of OD value (by the following equation expression that provides), can reduce the OD value by means of the gas modification agent:
OD＝（H
2O+CO
2）/（H
2+H
2O+CO+CO
2）……（1）
Improved the furnace gas of quality through upgrading like this, sent into preheating pre-reducing furnace 30 as waste gas.Iron ore is preheating and prereduction in addition in preheating and pre-reducing furnace, then by second chute 14 fusion reducing furnace of packing into.Meanwhile, waste gas enters separator 35, and after the iron ore particulate was separated from waste gas in separator, waste gas advanced along arbitrary of two lines.One of two lines are that waste gas is discharged by a general vent fan; Another is that waste gas uses as process gas, blasts stove 10 by crosswind mouth 25 and air port, the end 26, becomes a kind of stirring gas or a kind of carrier gases.In addition, this waste gas can be sent into vapor pipe 15, mixes with the furnace gas of discharging from fusion reducing furnace, and sends into the temperature of the gas of preheating and pre-reducing furnace 30 in order to control.
Now, specifically with reference to the accompanying drawing of Fig. 2 to 5, discuss in detail blast fusion reducing furnace 10 gas with the relation between the reaction in furnace.Fig. 2 shows the effect of the gas that crosswind mouth 25 by as shown in Figure 1 and air port, the end 26 blast.The arrow 28 and 29 of oxygen rifle 21 belows is pointed out respectively the direction of the oxygen that injects by decarburization nozzle 22 and after-burning nozzle 23 separately among Fig. 2.DC O
2The oxygen that expression blasts by the decarburization nozzle, pC O
2The oxygen that expression blasts by the after-burning nozzle.Run through the Restore All operation, from first to last gas send and blows operation and all undertaken by oxygen rifle 21, crosswind mouth 25 and air port, the end 26.Gas by crosswind mouth and air port, the end blows to coact and liquid pig iron is diffused in the slag blanket go, and consequently, gas blows and effectively strengthened reduction rate.
Mention in the beginning that describes in detail, according to draw a conclusion, the reduction that promptly is present in the iron ore in the slag layer 12 mainly utilizes and contains C in the liquid pig iron and carry out as reductive agent, the present invention attempt by means of violent stirring make iron ore float over slag layer than lower part, and make liquid pig iron automatically be diffused in this zone to improve reduction rate.For this purpose, blast stirring gas, melt the pig iron deeply in the formation of liquid pig iron surface and heave portion (shown in A among Fig. 2), blast stirring gas by crosswind mouth 25 simultaneously, make at least a portion heave the A of portion from the stirring gas percussion that side direction blasts by air port, the end 26.The liquid pig iron of heaving portion A place is splashed into slag blanket by this side-blown gas.The common scope of the bulk specific gravity of slag blanket is 0.1 to 0.5g/cm
3, and the about scope of the proportion of iron ore is 2 to 5.Thereby, the iron ore 16 that contains in the slag blanket concentrate on float over slag layer 12 than lower part.When the A of the portion of heaving of liquid pig iron stirs gas by means of side-blown and when splashing, the liquid pig iron 17 that splashes is diffused in the zone than lower part of slag layer 12 and goes.The C that contains in the liquid pig iron that splashes makes reduction of iron ore.Thereby very high reduction rate is achieved.In order to obtain this effect, preferably side-blown gas can impact fusion the A of the portion of heaving of the pig iron, make the bottom blown gas homonymy air blowing body intersection that meets at right angles as much as possible each other.In the horizontal direction, the arrangement in crosswind mouth 25 and air port, the end 26 to satisfy Fig. 3 (a) and (b) shown in position relation.
Fig. 3 (a) shows under the situation in air port 26 at the bottom of adopting a crosswind mouth 25 and the position relation of the two, and Fig. 3 (b) shows under the situation in air port 26 at the bottom of adopting three crosswind mouths 25 and three their position relation.Arrow indicates the gas direction that blasts by crosswind mouth 25 among Fig. 3.Certainly, the quantity in crosswind mouth 25 and air port, the end 26 and position always fully must be according to not shown in Figure 3.The capacity of the fusion reducing furnace that uses according to reality and the quantity that output can be determined the air port thereof.In addition, all need to blast a large amount of gases by crosswind mouth 25 and air port, the end 26.Can determine the gas amount of being blown into according to the quantity of liquid pig iron and the degree of depth of liquid pig iron.Except diffusion, side-blown gas is the top of rabbling roaster slag blanket also, forms after-burning zone therein.This point also will describe in detail subsequently.
The gas that is blown into by crosswind mouth 25 and air port, the end 26 is from by Ar, N
2, CO, CO
2At least a gas of selecting in the one group of gas that constitutes with process gas.But, never use O
2Gas.The reasons are as follows: at first, if O
2The gas side-blown gas will relate to a basic problem, and the reductive action that promptly has been splashed into the C that liquid pig iron contained of slag layer 12 in dividing than the bottom can be weakened.Secondly, if O
2Gas then can produce too much CO gas and make liquid pig iron be subjected to undue intensive stirring as bottom blown gas.As a result, the liquid pig iron that splashes enters the upper area of slag layer, and reaches after-burning zone (among Fig. 2 shown in the B), and hair tonic is by pCO in this zone
2The burning that causes.Therefore, because the C that liquid pig iron contained is used for the O of after-burning together
2React, after-burning is weakened.O is arranged again
2Gas is used for the bottom blowing meeting and carries the temperature of the refractory materials that constitutes air port, the end 26 very highly, so that must add such as C
3H
3Cooling gas.This interpolation also can increase the amount of bottom blown gas, and quickens to produce the phenomenon that splashes of liquid pig iron excessively.
Among the present invention, after-burning zone mainly forms in slag blanket is the B district, and has realized the height after-burning.Like this, adopt to form after-burning zone and the intensively stirred method of slag blanket side-blown gas, can reach the purpose that realizes the height after-burning and still obtain efficient heat transfer.Thereby after-burning oxygen mainly needs to be blown into the slag blanket that is present in the B district after-burning scope.
What need especially is, the height of top blow oxygen lance will be stipulated to such an extent that to make it to have a suitable position with respect to liquid pig iron plane and slag blanket plane high.In other words, if the nozzle of oxygen rifle 21 is higher than the upper surface of slag layer excessively, just can't form after-burning zone in slag layer, heat transfer efficiency will reduce; On the contrary, if nozzle is low excessively, then can not form suitable after-burning zone.The k level that oxygen lance spraying is chewed equals the low one side of slag layer.
Fig. 4 shows that this relation is recognized us according to the relation of the height between oxygen rifle top of the present invention and the slag blanket upper surface with heat transfer efficiency, and is too high if the slag blanket surface is left on oxygen rifle top, just cannot obtain satisfied heat transfer efficiency.Fig. 5 shows the relation of side-blown gas amount with heat transfer efficiency.Can recognize from Fig. 5, blast a large amount of side-blown gas and violent stirring slag layer, can obtain satisfied heat transfer efficiency by air port 25.Result shown in the Figure 4 and 5 obtains from a kind of operation, and the employing capacity is 5 tons a fusion reducing furnace during operation, produces liquid pig iron with 28 tons/hour speed.
According to the present invention,, can obtain very high reduction rate by means of improving OD as mentioned above because thermo-efficiency is very high.In addition, owing to improved OD, the addition of carbonaceous material can reduce.As a result, can save the carbonaceous material consumption rate, can reduce the p content of liquid pig iron simultaneously, because the most of p in the liquid pig iron is brought into by carbonaceous material.Have, OD can inspire the evaporation desulfurization, thereby can reduce the S content of liquid pig iron after improving again.According to these viewpoints, OD preferably is defined as 0.5 to 1.0(and does not comprise 1.0).If OD 0.7 to 1.0(does not comprise 1.0), the reduction reaction in the fusion reducing furnace can obtain promoting, and is unnecessary thereby pre-reducing furnace just becomes significantly.
That crosses as above mentioned is such, can be by means of being blown into the powdery carbonaceous material to having increased the gas of OD, and promptly low heating value gas carries out upgrading; As this powdery carbonaceous material of modification agent is that carrier gases with the gas upgrading air port 9 by being positioned at vapor pipe 15 tops is blown into together; The OD of the gas that upgrading is crossed is less than 0.5.This gas through upgrading is sent into preheating and pre-reducing furnace, and iron ore is able to efficient reduction.Carrier gases is from by N
2, Ar, CO, CO
2At least a gas of selecting in the one group of gas that constitutes with process gas.As mentioned above, the powdery carbonaceous material is the gas modification agent, is blown into together with carrier gases usually.But, decide, can lean on gravity to put into gas upgrading air port 9 on the granular size of carbonaceous material.This point also is applicable to the filling operation of being engaged in by fusion reducing furnace top.As described gas modification agent, can recommend to adopt fuel oil or steam, at this moment to consider such as situations such as the structure in cost, gas upgrading air port and waste gas.
In this embodiment, cross as above mentioned, gas upgrading air port 9 is placed in the top of fusion reducing furnace.This arrangement makes and might choose at random many blast entrances in vertical direction along the tube wall of vapor pipe 15, thereby blasts tolerance and be easy to control.In addition, when these air ports were placed in the loam cake of fusion reducing furnace and side wall upper part, these parts of fusion reducing furnace, the relevant annex with other of vapor pipe can obtain protection and unlikely overheated, change the temperature that the agent meeting reduces waste gas because be blown into gas matter.When preheating and pre-reducing furnace are fluidized bed types, rely on the gas modification agent is blown into an air compartment, the same waste gas from the smelting reduction stove of gas modification agent mixes finely in air compartment, and the upgrading of waste gas can efficiently carry out.
At last, the concrete numerical value that derives from each example operation result of the present invention is listed in table 1.These examples are to obtain under the condition identical with the condition of Figure 4 and 5.Show in the table that the situation of carrying out the gas upgrading is with the contrast between the situation of not carrying out the gas upgrading.Utilize the one-tenth score value of various kinds waste gas in the table 1 to calculate each OD value according to the formula that provides before this (1).Through the gas OD value of upgrading is 0.24, and is 0.51 without the gas OD value of upgrading.Obviously much lower through the gas OD value ratio of upgrading without the gas OD value of upgrading.In addition, the gas temperature ratio through upgrading is low without the gas temperature of upgrading.
Though the present invention has been done detailed displaying and description with reference to its most preferred embodiment, the personnel that are familiar with this technology will appreciate that: can make aforesaid aspect form and the details and other some changes, simultaneously without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.
Table 1
Pass through the gas of upgrading without the gas of upgrading
328 kilograms/minute 225 kilograms/minute in coal
(in the metal pool) (in metal pool)
78 kilograms/minute
(being used for upgrading)
724 kilograms/minute 720 kilograms/minute of iron ores
(in the metal pool) (in metal pool)
CaCO
372 kilograms/minute 74 kilograms/minute
(in the metal pool) (in metal pool)
O
2232 standard rices
3/ minute 165 standard rices
3/ minute
Waste gas
CO 44% 68%
CO
234% 14%
H
25% 8%
H
2O 17% 17%
1,740 ℃ 1,650 ℃ of temperature
Claims (14)
1, a kind of in fusion reducing furnace the method for the melting and reducing pig iron, comprise the steps:
In at least one preheating and pre-reducing furnace, contact iron ore is preheated and prereduction by the furnace gas that iron ore and described fusion reducing furnace are given off;
Will be through the iron ore of preheating and prereduction, carbonaceous material and the flux fusion reducing furnace of packing into, this furnace bottom contains liquid pig iron, is slag layer on this liquid pig iron;
Ore reduction becomes liquid pig iron and flux is melted into slag with pre-reduced iron with preheating with after-burning oxygen to go into decarburization oxygen by top blow oxygen lance one terminal drum, blasts decarburization oxygen by the decarburization nozzle that is positioned at the top blow oxygen lance center, blasts after-burning oxygen by the after-burning nozzle;
Blast stirring gas by at least one crosswind mouth and at least one air port, the end that is positioned on the melting and reducing furnace hearth plate that is positioned on the described melting and reducing furnace sidewall; It is characterized in that:
One end of described top blow oxygen lance is placed between the last plane and lower plane of described slag layer;
Described stirring gas is upward through described liquid pig iron by described at least one air port, the end and rouses and send and cause the upper surface of a part of liquid pig iron upwards to heave, and the described stirring gas of at least a portion makes the molten drop of liquid pig iron move into described slag layer through the part of upwards heaving that described at least one crosswind mouth impacts described liquid pig iron to stir described liquid pig iron and slag layer;
Described stirring gas is from by Ar, N
2, CO, CO
2At least a gas of selecting in the one group of gas that constitutes with process gas, and
The flow of control after-burning oxygen and stirring gas makes that the OD scope of described melting and reducing furnace gas was 0.5 to 1.0 (not comprising 1.0), and wherein OD is measured by following formula:
(H
2O+CO
2)/(H
2+H
2O+CO+CO
2)
2, the method for claim 1 is characterized in that, described OD 0.7 to 1.0(does not comprise 1.0).
3, the method for claim 1, it is characterized in that: the step that further comprises is under the situation of not losing described furnace gas heat, remove dust from described furnace gas, drain into outside the described fusion reducing furnace, then described furnace gas is contacted with iron ore in a preheating and the pre-reducing furnace.
4, the method for claim 1 is characterized in that: the step that further comprises is to make described iron ore preheating by contact by preheating and pre-reducing furnace expellant gas, and the iron ore of process preheating is admitted to preheating and pre-reducing furnace.
5, the method for claim 1 is characterized in that: the step that further comprises is to become described furnace gas upgrading OD less than 0.5 high-quality gas and by means of this gas preheating and the iron ore of prereduction in preheating and pre-reducing furnace through upgrading.
6, method as claimed in claim 5 is characterized in that, the step of the described furnace gas of upgrading comprises, by from by carbonaceous material, at least a gas modification agent of selecting in a group that steam and fuel oil constitute contacts this gas of upgrading.
7, method as claimed in claim 5 is characterized in that, the step of the described furnace gas of upgrading comprises: blow a kind of modification agent by the gas upgrading air port that is arranged in height on the described fusion reducing furnace slag layer.
8, method as claimed in claim 5 is characterized in that, the step of the described furnace gas of upgrading comprises: carry furnace gas to blow a kind of modification agent to the gas upgrading air port of the vapor pipe of preheating and pre-reducing furnace by being arranged in by fusion reducing furnace.
9, method as claimed in claim 5 is characterized in that, the step of the described furnace gas of upgrading comprises, blows a kind of modification agent by the gas upgrading air port that is arranged on preheating and pre-reducing furnace.
10, a kind of melting and reducing equipment of the pig iron comprises:
The preheating and the pre-reducing furnace of preheating and prereduction iron ore;
Described iron ore, carbonaceous material and flux through preheating and prereduction packed into wherein and described iron ore through preheating and prereduction obtains fusion and reductive fusion reducing furnace therein for one;
One has the right nozzle of decarburization nozzle and back, and oxygen is blasted the top blow oxygen lance of the fusion reducing furnace that fills molten metal at the one end; It is characterized in that:
At least one crosswind mouth that is positioned on the melting and reducing furnace sidewall is positioned at the air port, the end of melting and reducing furnace bottom with at least one, by the bulging respectively stirring gas that send in these air ports, the molten metal that impact is contained in the fusion reducing furnace makes the upper surface of a part of molten metal upwards heave, and at least a portion stirs described at least one the crosswind mouth impact fusion metal of gas and upwards heaves portion so that stir described molten metal.
11, equipment as claimed in claim 10 is characterized in that, also comprises at least one gas upgrading air port, send a kind of gas modification agent by it to the furnace gas drum that comes from described fusion reducing furnace.
12, equipment as claimed in claim 11 is characterized in that, described upgrading air port is arranged on the position that is higher than slag layer in the described fusion reducing furnace.
13, equipment as claimed in claim 11 is characterized in that, described upgrading air port is arranged in the vapor pipe, and this vapor pipe is transported to preheating and pre-reducing furnace with furnace gas from fusion reducing furnace.
14, equipment as claimed in claim 11 is characterized in that, said preheating pre-reducing furnace is the fluidized bed type stove, and described upgrading air port is arranged in the air compartment of fluidized bed type preheating and reduction furnace.
Applications Claiming Priority (5)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP303940/87 | 1987-11-30 | ||
| JP62303940A JP2638861B2 (en) | 1987-11-30 | 1987-11-30 | Melt reduction method |
| JP2858688A JP2668913B2 (en) | 1988-02-09 | 1988-02-09 | Smelting reduction method |
| JP28586/88 | 1988-02-09 | ||
| JP28584/88 | 1988-02-09 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1043344A CN1043344A (en) | 1990-06-27 |
| CN1019669B true CN1019669B (en) | 1992-12-30 |
Family
ID=26366722
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 88108145 Expired CN1019669B (en) | 1987-11-30 | 1988-11-29 | Process and apparatus for reduction of molten iron ore |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN1019669B (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1073630C (en) * | 1999-10-27 | 2001-10-24 | 冶金工业部钢铁研究总院 | Coal oxygen fused reduction iron-smelting method and apparatus |
| CN102676722B (en) * | 2011-03-10 | 2014-03-05 | 宝钢集团有限公司 | Smelting method for melting gasifier |
| CN115198043A (en) * | 2022-06-13 | 2022-10-18 | 中冶赛迪工程技术股份有限公司 | Low-carbon smelting system and method based on coupling of blast furnace-steel furnace process and carbon cycle |
-
1988
- 1988-11-29 CN CN 88108145 patent/CN1019669B/en not_active Expired
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN1043344A (en) | 1990-06-27 |
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