CN101965812A - Space mutation simulation equipment for aquatic organisms - Google Patents
Space mutation simulation equipment for aquatic organisms Download PDFInfo
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- CN101965812A CN101965812A CN2010102492801A CN201010249280A CN101965812A CN 101965812 A CN101965812 A CN 101965812A CN 2010102492801 A CN2010102492801 A CN 2010102492801A CN 201010249280 A CN201010249280 A CN 201010249280A CN 101965812 A CN101965812 A CN 101965812A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
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Abstract
The invention discloses space mutation simulation equipment for aquatic organisms. The equipment comprises a gravity variation simulation device, an ultraviolet light radiation source, an X-ray radiation source, a radioactive source and an ion bombardment machine, wherein the ultraviolet light radiation source can radiate ultraviolet light in a direction of the gravity variation simulation device; the X-ray radiation source can radiate X rays in the direction of the gravity variation simulation device; the radioactive source can radiate radioactive rays in the direction of the gravity variation simulation device; and the ion bombardment machine can bombard ions in a direction of the gravity variation simulation device. The space mutation simulation equipment has the advantages of selecting optimal breeding conditions as required by testers, completely performing space environment monofactor or multifactor mutation simulation on breeding objects, and overcoming the disadvantage that experiments can be performed only by sending the aquatic organisms into the space by a space vehicle in the prior art.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of aquatic biological space flight mutagenesis analog machine.
Background technology
Existing microgravity, cosmic rays radiation and high energy particle that ground does not have in the space, space gravity only is one of percentage of ground gravity to 100,000/.Space breeding is exactly that application rocket and satellite are sent into space to biological seed or life entity, composite factors such as the hypergravity of earth generation and alternating magnetic field when utilizing strong cosmic rays radiation and high energy particle, ion, positive and negative electron bombard and emission in microgravity in the space environment, the space and returning, induce biological seed or life entity to produce variation, after returning ground, cultivate the good variation of screening, produce good new varieties, for producing and economic service.
Once carry vegetable material the sixties from eighties of last century abroad, carry out the space Study on plants, main research steric requirements is to the influence of growth and development of plants and physiology and heredity, understand plant in the space growth rhythm, and solve astronaut's food problem, and the purpose of study portion microorganism is just in order to guarantee astronaut's healthy in space.The U.S., the former Soviet Union find the variation of plant in the space, microorganism very early, but that time, they did not consider that this variation has important value to producing new varieties, and ignored the Breeding Application of space variation, so, they exist a weak area in the research of space biology, to the last end of the century, space breeding is close to blank.Thereby lag behind China.Now, they begin to note the superiority of space breeding, recognized the necessity of carrying out the research of space breeding science and technology: in June, 2002, U.S. Wei Sikang Red brick spacelab was rose band Heaven, their purpose is the rose mutant that obtains high attar of rose output, doing experiment simultaneously and also have soybean, mainly is in order to obtain good soybean trait.The space breeding experiment is also restarted in Russia in May in this year.
The space breeding of China starts from the eighties of last century late nineteen eighties, because the U.S. and the former Soviet Union exist a clear area in the research of space biology, this has reserved time and space for the space breeding science and technology research of China, make China aspect the space breeding scientific and technical research, the latecomers surpass the old-timers is in rank first so far always.The space mutagenesis breeding of China is carried plant seed first from the FSW-O ground return satellite of emission in 1987, at the beginning of 2005, successfully carried out the lift-launch test of more than ten plant seed, relate to surplus the 13 big classes, 50 such as main food, cotton, oil plant, vegetables, melon and fruit, flowers, herbage, bacterial classification a kind surplus the kind, 500, the seed that carries is through ground seed selection for many years, new varieties such as paddy rice, wheat, green pepper, tomato, sesame have been cultivated, the product that has is the tool industrialized scale just, has obtained good economic and social benefits.
Though adopt space breeding to have above-mentioned advantage, because also there is a following difficult problem in spaceship-carried space breeding:
The first, spaceship-carried space breeding testing machine can lack, and single test will wait the time more than 1 year usually, though waited launch an artificial satellite in 1 year, on uncertain can the lift-launch;
The second, spaceship-carried space breeding experimentation cost height.For example, active experiment is wanted more than 5,000,000 yuan approximately;
The 3rd, the spaceship-carried space breeding test of aquatile is more difficult.Concrete difficult point is as follows: be subjected to the restriction of SDI or spaceship condition 1..SDI or spaceship breeding space be little, vacuumize state, unfavorable aquatic products space breeding object survival; 2. water environment is difficult ensures.Aquatic biological be unable to do without water, that is, fish be unable to do without water; There is water also not all right, also needs dissolved oxygen; There has been dissolved oxygen not enough, also needed good water quality.In space treatment breeding experiment, fish and water changes greatly than minimum, water temperature range, and it is quite difficult having kept water environment; 3. spaceship-carried breeding experimental period span is big.Before and after need the time short then more than 18 days, long then some months.At present, the ovum of aquatic products kind and sperm leave parent and only can survive a few hours, and fertilized egg also is only can survive a few hours, even parent will be survived in the mini system in sealing in the so long time, are extremely very difficult; The aquatic biological time window that can experimentize with launch time window be difficult to corresponding.Often the time period of aquatic biological gonad maturity, do not have the emission experiment satellite, and during the emission experiment satellite aquatic biological not in the phase of breeding.The aquatic products kind that has several years is not to last.
By foregoing description as can be known: aquatic biological space flight mutagenesis analog machine is made in necessary research, satisfies the needs of space breeding.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides aquatic biological space flight mutagenesis analog machine, it has overcome in the background technology can only send aquatic biological into the deficiency that space just can carry out space breeding by spacecraft.
The technical scheme that is adopted that the present invention solves its technical problem is:
Aquatic biological space flight mutagenesis analog machine, it comprises:
One Gravity changer analogue means;
One UV ray radiation source, it can the radiation ultraviolet ray, and described ultraviolet radiation direction is towards the Gravity changer analogue means;
One x-ray radiation source, it can radiation X ray, and described X-radiation direction is towards the Gravity changer analogue means;
One radioactivity radioactive source, it can radiate radioactive ray, and described radioactive ray radiation direction is towards the Gravity changer analogue means; And
One ion bombardment machine, it can pound ion, and described ion is subjected to bombardment towards the Gravity changer analogue means.
Among one preferred embodiment: described x-ray radiation source adopts the transistor x-ray source, and described UV ray radiation source adopts transistor ultraviolet rays source.
Among one preferred embodiment: the radioactive element of described radioactivity radioactive source is a cobalt 60.
Among one preferred embodiment: described ion bombardment machine can pound cation or anion.
Among one preferred embodiment: described Gravity changer analogue means can produce weightless effect or overweight effect.
Among one preferred embodiment: described Gravity changer analogue means adopts centrifuge.
Among one preferred embodiment: described ion bombardment machine comprises ion gun and vacuum ionic evaporation electric field, and the ion that described ion gun produces quickens to form bombarding ion by vacuum ionic evaporation electric field.
Among one preferred embodiment: described ion bombardment machine comprises ion gun, distillation water source and high-tension electricity field source, and the ion that described ion gun produces quickens to form bombarding ion through high voltage electric field in the distillation water source.
Among one preferred embodiment: it also comprises:
One alternating magnetic field device, it can produce alternating magnetic field, and described alternating magnetic field can act on the Gravity changer analogue means.
The technical program is compared with background technology, and it has following advantage:
1. because Gravity changer analogue means, UV ray radiation source, x-ray radiation source, radioactivity radioactive source and ion bombardment machine are set, therefore the laboratory technician can be according to the best mutagenic condition of required selection, can implement the monofactor or the polyfactorial mutagenesis of simulation space environment fully to aquatic biological, overcome in the background technology and can only aquatic biological have been sent into the deficiency that just can test in the space by spacecraft;
2. the radioactive element of radioactivity radioactive source is a cobalt 60, and simulation mutagenesis effect is good;
3. the ion of ion gun generation quickens to form bombarding ion by vacuum ionic evaporation electric field, and ion bombardment speed is fast, and energy is big, and it is good to simulate the mutagenesis effect;
4. the ion of ion gun generation quickens to form bombarding ion through high voltage electric field in the distillation water source, and ion bombardment speed is fast, and energy is big, and it is good to simulate the mutagenesis effect;
5. also comprise the alternating magnetic field device, improve the breeding simulate effect by on aquatic biological, implementing alternating magnetic field.
Description of drawings
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with drawings and Examples.
Fig. 1 has illustrated the schematic diagram of the analog machine of a preferred embodiment.
Embodiment
Please refer to Fig. 1, aquatic biological space flight mutagenesis analog machine, it comprises a Gravity changer analogue means 10, a UV ray radiation source 20, an x-ray radiation source 30, a radioactivity radioactive source 40, ion bombardment machine 50 and an alternating magnetic field device 60.Among the present embodiment, best, described UV ray radiation source 20, x-ray radiation source 30, radioactivity radioactive source 40 and ion bombardment machine 50 are arranged on four sides of Gravity changer analogue means 10 respectively admittedly; Described alternating magnetic field device 60 can be arranged on any position, as long as can make described Gravity changer analogue means 10 be subjected to action of alternating magnetic field.
Described Gravity changer analogue means 10 can produce weightless effect or overweight effect.Described Gravity changer analogue means 10 adopts centrifuge.Be installed with a device case within the described Gravity changer analogue means 10, described device case is used to place aquatic biological.
Described x-ray radiation source 30 adopts the transistor x-ray source, and described UV ray radiation source 30 adopts transistor ultraviolet rays source.Among the present embodiment, described UV ray radiation source 20 can the radiation ultraviolet ray, and described ultraviolet radiation direction is towards Gravity changer analogue means 10; Described x-ray radiation source 30 can radiation X ray, and described X-radiation direction is towards Gravity changer analogue means 10.
Described radioactivity radioactive source 40 can radiate radioactive ray, and described radioactive ray radiation direction is towards Gravity changer analogue means 10.Among the present embodiment, the radioactive element of described radioactivity radioactive source 40 is a cobalt 60, but not as limit, other radioactive element also can be suitable for present embodiment.
Described ion bombardment machine 50, it can pound ion, and described ion is subjected to bombardment towards Gravity changer analogue means 10, and described ion bombardment machine 40 can pound cation or anion.Among the present embodiment, described ion bombardment machine 50 comprises ion gun and vacuum ionic evaporation electric field, and the ion that described ion gun produces quickens to form bombarding ion by vacuum ionic evaporation electric field; Perhaps; Described ion bombardment machine 40 comprises ion gun, distillation water source and high-tension electricity field source, and the ion that described ion gun produces quickens to form bombarding ion through high voltage electric field in the distillation water source.
Described alternating magnetic field device 60 can be the alternating magnetic field that electromagnet produces, and also can be the alternating magnetic field that the permanent magnet motion produces.
As required, also can add a light regulation and control and a temperature adjusting.Described light regulation and control can be the light regulation and control, also can be by setting up window (surround the encirclement wall of Gravity changer analogue means, surround on the wall window is set) regulation and control sunshine.Described temperature adjusting is made up of electric heater and refrigerator, and refrigerator can be that semiconductor cooler also can be the other types refrigerator.
Adopt above-mentioned simulation breeding effect suitable, even effect is also good for the space breeding effect with the space breeding effect.Table 1 is the comparison of several breeding aberration rates:
| The breeding kind | The variation probability | Remarks |
| Natural breeding on the ground | 5×10-6 | Promptly 200,000/- |
| The high-energy ray radiation | 0.125％ | Gamma-rays |
| The space flight breeding | 4～20％ | Outer space 200-400km |
As seen from the above table, space breeding has following advantage:
1, space breeding induced mutation rate height, for example, the second generation of space paddy rice is in breeding time, and high-frequency widely variation has appearred in aspects such as morphological feature and biological property, and the dissociation rate of indivedual proterties is up to 12.36%.
2, genetic stability is relatively:
Accept the kind of space induce variation, the general second generation just can obtain the genetic stability proterties, just can select new varieties by four generations, and traditional method for mutation breeding will arrive for the 7th or the 8th generation even the tenth generation just can obtain genetic stability.Variation with radiation gamma obtains usually can disappear again to the third generation or the 4th generation.
3, the variation effect is relatively:
The useful variation that the seed of process space flight forms is many, and mutation genetic might as well.Facts have proved, the microgravity under the space environment, cosmic rays irradiation for plant seed mutagenesis, growth, the high yield of promotion arranged, good action such as enhance disease resistance.
4, space breeding effect:
For example:
In August, 2005, passive and operatorless band water system aquatic products animals and plants space breeding research is carried out in the Fujian Prov. Inst. of Aquatic Products on China's the 21st st recoverable science and test satellite.And on after this 22nd in China, No. 7 manned spaceships of the 23rd st recoverable science and technology test satellite and divine boat, proceed the space treatment experiment.Carry out the test of four space treatments of 23 kinds of aquatic products animals and plants altogether, and have 15 kinds to survive to return.Return sample through the ground seed selection, remarkable benefit is used and obtained to existing 5 kinds in aquaculture production.Wherein, space Medaka fish has obtained the new lines of high egg laying amount after the seed selection of six generations, has carried out large-scale production and has used; The space moina mongolica daday has characteristics such as reproduction speed is fast, nutritive value height, and as shrimp seedling, Medaka fry bait, shrimp, survival rate of fish fry improve respectively more than 40% and 20%.
The above, only for preferred embodiment of the present invention, so can not limit scope of the invention process according to this, i.e. the equivalence of doing according to claim of the present invention and description changes and modification, all should still belong in the scope that the present invention contains.
Claims (9)
1. aquatic biological space flight mutagenesis analog machine, it is characterized in that: it comprises:
One Gravity changer analogue means;
One UV ray radiation source, it can the radiation ultraviolet ray, and described ultraviolet radiation direction is towards the Gravity changer analogue means;
One x-ray radiation source, it can radiation X ray, and described X-radiation direction is towards the Gravity changer analogue means;
One radioactivity radioactive source, it can radiate radioactive ray, and described radioactive ray radiation direction is towards the Gravity changer analogue means; And
One ion bombardment machine, it can pound ion, and described ion is subjected to bombardment towards the Gravity changer analogue means.
2. aquatic biological space flight mutagenesis analog machine according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described x-ray radiation source adopts the transistor x-ray source, and described UV ray radiation source adopts transistor ultraviolet rays source.
3. aquatic biological space flight mutagenesis analog machine according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the radioactive element of described radioactivity radioactive source is a cobalt 60.
4. aquatic biological space flight mutagenesis analog machine according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described ion bombardment machine can pound cation or anion.
5. aquatic biological space flight mutagenesis analog machine according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described Gravity changer analogue means can produce weightless effect or overweight effect.
6. aquatic biological space flight mutagenesis analog machine according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described Gravity changer analogue means adopts centrifuge.
7. aquatic biological space flight mutagenesis analog machine according to claim 4, it is characterized in that: described ion bombardment machine comprises ion gun and vacuum ionic evaporation electric field, and the ion that described ion gun produces quickens to form bombarding ion by vacuum ionic evaporation electric field.
8. aquatic biological space flight mutagenesis analog machine according to claim 4, it is characterized in that: described ion bombardment machine comprises ion gun, distillation water source and high-tension electricity field source, and the ion that described ion gun produces quickens to form bombarding ion through high voltage electric field in the distillation water source.
9. according to each the described aquatic biological space flight mutagenesis analog machine in the claim 1 to 8, it is characterized in that: it also comprises:
One alternating magnetic field device, it can produce alternating magnetic field, and described alternating magnetic field can act on the Gravity changer analogue means.
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| CN2010102492801A CN101965812A (en) | 2010-08-10 | 2010-08-10 | Space mutation simulation equipment for aquatic organisms |
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Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0626883B1 (en) * | 1992-02-18 | 1997-05-21 | Cryptonics Corporation | Method for decontaminating a fluid by UV radiation |
| CN1903012A (en) * | 2006-08-04 | 2007-01-31 | 陈培生 | Biological mutation breeding equipment by simulating space environment |
| CN101385439A (en) * | 2008-10-15 | 2009-03-18 | 张琳 | Space simulation seeds mutagenesis device |
| CN101518219A (en) * | 2009-04-03 | 2009-09-02 | 西北工业大学 | Apparatus for magnetic suspension culture of aquatic organisms |
| CN101622964A (en) * | 2009-05-20 | 2010-01-13 | 福建省水产研究所 | Ionic bombardment aquatic organism mutagenesis method using water as medium |
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2010
- 2010-08-10 CN CN2010102492801A patent/CN101965812A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0626883B1 (en) * | 1992-02-18 | 1997-05-21 | Cryptonics Corporation | Method for decontaminating a fluid by UV radiation |
| CN1903012A (en) * | 2006-08-04 | 2007-01-31 | 陈培生 | Biological mutation breeding equipment by simulating space environment |
| CN101385439A (en) * | 2008-10-15 | 2009-03-18 | 张琳 | Space simulation seeds mutagenesis device |
| CN101518219A (en) * | 2009-04-03 | 2009-09-02 | 西北工业大学 | Apparatus for magnetic suspension culture of aquatic organisms |
| CN101622964A (en) * | 2009-05-20 | 2010-01-13 | 福建省水产研究所 | Ionic bombardment aquatic organism mutagenesis method using water as medium |
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Application publication date: 20110209 |