CN101962730B - High-toughness twinning induced plasticity (TWIP) nodular cast iron alloy and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
High-toughness twinning induced plasticity (TWIP) nodular cast iron alloy and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a novel high-toughness austenitic matrix nodular cast iron material which can be cold-rolled and hot-rolled and forged and a preparation method thereof. The high-toughness austenitic matrix nodular cast iron material comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: 3.5 to 4.0 percent of C, 8 to 15 percent of Mn, 8 to 15 percent of Ni, 2.0 to 2.8 percent of Si, less than or equal to 0.03 percent of S, less than or equal to 0.05 percent of P, 1.5 to 2.5 percent of rare earth Mg and the balance of Fe. The alloy is prepared through the steps of: smelting, spheroidizing and preparing by adopting a high-frequency induction heating smelting furnace in the air environment; casting and pouring by using graphite; and performing heat treatment, rolling and recrystallization. A finished product can be plastically deformed, and has high toughness.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to austenite base ductile cast iron material field, more specifically relate to a kind of high tough TWIP nodular cast iron alloy and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Cast iron has obtained widespread use as the important engineering structured material in machine building.From the appearance of eighties of last century spheroidal graphite cast iron at the end of the forties, the intensity of cast iron and toughness have obtained certain raising, but relative most metal material, cast iron and alloy thereof still present higher fragility.Cast iron that up to now can plastic working does not have, and lacks the research report of relevant plasticity-processing cast iron both at home and abroad yet.China ductile cast iron material GB1348 national standard has QT400-18, QT450-10, QT600-3, QT700-2, QT800-2, QT-H185, QT-H200 etc. at present.Present cast iron in the world generally all is non deformable; Because truly can carry out the cast iron of viscous deformation does not have; Still lack both at home and abroad and can be processed into sheet material, band or extruding, stamping forming cast alloy iron, relevant graphitiferous plasticity-material processed research also rarely has report.So-called " malleable iron " also can not forging forming, most metal material relatively, and cast iron and alloy thereof still present higher fragility.This fragility has seriously restricted the application of cast iron on many important structure parts.Yet in the structure of cast iron because of containing a large amount of graphite; The casting technique performance that it is good; Vibration damping, antifriction, store oil lubricity and low thermal expansivity have the irreplaceable effect of other material in machinery manufacturing industry; Use spheroidal graphite cast iron production like the high-power engine bent axle, show high vibration damping noise reduction property and rotational stability.
Therefore, from industrial application requirements, the toughness of further improving cast iron materials is very important, also is the core topic of structured material yet the strength and toughness that improves alloy simultaneously is the difficult problem of material science all the time.
Summary of the invention
In order to address the above problem, the invention provides a kind of high tough TWIP nodular cast iron alloy and preparation method thereof, the alloy material that makes can carry out viscous deformation, has good intensity and toughness simultaneously.
A kind of high tough TWIP nodular cast iron alloy; The employing commercial iron is a basic material; Contain 1.0 wt %Si in this commercial iron, 4.0 wt %C, surplus is Fe; Add purity again and be 99.8% electrolytic nickel, purity and be 99.8% Graphite Powder 99, purity is 99.8% electrolytic manganese and to contain Si be that 75% ferrosilicon is formulated; The chemical composition quality proportioning of component alloy is: C is 3.5 ~ 4.0%, and Mn is 8 ~ 15%, and Ni is 8 ~ 15%, and Si is 2.0 ~ 2.8%, S≤0.03%, and P≤0.05%, surplus is Fe.
A kind of preparation method of high tough TWIP nodular cast iron alloy is to adopt the high-frequency induction heating smelting furnace in air ambient, to carry out melting, spheroidizing, preparation process, and made by the graphite casting mould cast; Its preparation process is following:
1) charging: in smelting pot, be sequentially added into the pig iron, ferrosilicon, graphite, manganese sheet, nickel raw material, in atmospheric environment, heat melting with common medium frequency induction melting furnace;
2) melting: smelting temperature is controlled at 1600 ~ 1700 ℃, and soaking time is 8-15min, treats that the rare earth magnesium nodularizer 1.5 ~ 2.5% that the even back of liquid metal fusing adds the 5-8 trade mark carries out spheroidizing, carries out filter residue then;
3) casting: melted liquid is poured in the good graphite casting mould of prior oven dry through the graphite cap pouring port;
4) cooling: after treating the sample cooling forming, take out ingot casting;
5) thermal treatment process: through high temperature 850-1100 ℃, insulation 5-7h, the carbide in the as-cast structure is dissolved in the matrix austenite basically on ingot casting, hardening is cold soon rapidly then, to obtain homogeneous single phase austenitic matrix tissue;
6) rolling technology: after the solution treatment; Cut certain thickness strip, it is controlled rolling to adopt duo mill that it is carried out the branch passage, rolls into the deformation bands of different thickness; Every time rolling reduction is controlled at 8%-12%, and maximum rolling reduction is controlled at 50%-30%.
7) recrystallize technology: the sample after cold rolling carries out the high-temperature reply recrystallize, and recrystallization temperature is controlled at 900 ~ 1000 ℃, and soaking time is 10 ~ 60min.
Described rolling technology can be taked cold rolling or the hot rolled mode according to actual, and the hot rolled TR is at 800 ℃-1000 ℃.
Described thermal treatment process, rolling technology and recrystallize technology can effectively improve the intensity and the toughness of this alloy.
Advantage of the present invention: 1. described high-strength and high-ductility austenite base ductile cast iron material can carry out that viscous deformation---the continuous cold rolling deflection can reach more than 50%; In three point bending test, can be pressed into nearly V-shape and do not rupture; 2. mechanical property reaches tensile strength >=635.50MPa under the solid solution attitude of the high-strength and high-ductility austenite base ductile cast iron material of said plastically deformable; Corresponding unit elongation δ >=18.5%; Impelling strength >=164.70J cm-2, matrix hardness >=191 HB, cold deformation is after the high-temperature reply recrystallize; Its tensile strength is promoted to 730.81MPa; Corresponding unit elongation δ is up to more than 20%, and strong plasticity level is apparently higher than national standard and domestic and international similar austenite base ductile cast iron material, and unit elongation has reached more than 6.7 times of national standard QT700-3.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1. the Fe-15Ni-12Mn-3.5C-2.5Si cast alloy iron is through 900 ℃, and 950 ℃, after 1000 ℃ of high temperature solid solution 6h Water Quenching, the distortion pattern of sample in three point bending test---can both bend into nearly V-shape and brittle rupture does not take place.
Fig. 2. the Fe-15Ni-12Mn-3.5C-2.5Si cast alloy iron after the 1000 ℃ * 6h high temperature solid solution Water Quenching is exterior appearance before and after the distortion after the severe rolling distortion; This sample hot rolling+cold rolling total deformation is 65%; Wherein the continuous cold rolling deflection is up to 50%; Show that this material has good plastic deformation ability, wherein a is the preceding exterior appearance of distortion, and b, c are the exterior appearance after the distortion.
Fig. 3. the microhardness values of the matrix after the 1000 ℃ * 6h high temperature solid solution Water Quenching under the different cold rolling reductions of Fe-15Ni-12Mn-3.5C-2.5Si cast alloy iron changes.This cast iron materials is described along with the increasing of deflection has produced work-hardening effect, hardness improves about 2.16 times.
Fig. 4. the figure of tissue topography before and after the Fe-15Ni-12Mn-3.5C-2.5Si cast alloy iron drawn distortion after the 1000 ℃ * 6h high temperature solid solution Water Quenching; The high-ductility that this cast iron materials is described is to have a TWIP effect through what the intensive twin shear tissue of austenitic matrix was realized, thereby sample has good plasticity.
Fig. 5. the Fe-15Ni-12Mn-3.5C-behind 900 ℃ * 15min, 1000 ℃ * 15min, 900 ℃ * 1h recrystallize
2.5Si the engineering stress-strain relation of cast alloy iron has been explained cold deformation and after the high-temperature reply recrystallize is handled the intensity of material and plasticity improved simultaneously.
Fig. 6. the post-rift exterior appearance of template tension specimen of the Fe-15Ni-12Mn-3.5C-2.5Si cast alloy iron behind the 900 ℃ * 1h recrystallize, elongation after fracture be up to 25.2%, tensile strength 706.07MPa.
Embodiment
A kind of HS, H.T. austenite base TWIP cast iron alloy; The employing commercial iron is a basic material; Contain 1.0 wt %Si in this commercial iron, 4.0 wt %C, surplus is Fe; Add purity again and be 99.8% electrolytic nickel, purity and be 99.8% Graphite Powder 99, purity is 99.8% electrolytic manganese and to contain Si be that 75% ferrosilicon is formulated; The chemical composition quality proportioning of component alloy is: C is 3.5 ~ 4.0%, and Mn is 8 ~ 15%, and Ni is 8 ~ 15%, and Si is 2.0 ~ 2.8%, S≤0.03%, and P≤0.05%, surplus is Fe.
The preparation method of a kind of HS, H.T. austenite base TWIP cast iron alloy is to adopt the high-frequency induction heating smelting furnace in air ambient, to carry out melting, spheroidizing, preparation process, and made by the graphite casting mould cast; Its preparation process is following:
1) charging: in smelting pot, be sequentially added into the pig iron, ferrosilicon, graphite, manganese sheet, nickel raw material, in atmospheric environment, heat melting with common medium frequency induction melting furnace;
2) melting: smelting temperature is controlled at 1600 ~ 1700 ℃, and soaking time is 8-15min, treats that the rare earth magnesium nodularizer 1.5 ~ 2.5% that the even back of liquid metal fusing adds the 5-8 trade mark carries out spheroidizing, carries out filter residue then;
3) casting: melted liquid is poured in the good graphite casting mould of prior oven dry through the graphite cap pouring port;
4) cooling: after treating the sample cooling forming, take out ingot casting;
5) thermal treatment process: through high temperature 850-1100 ℃, insulation 5-7h, the carbide in the as-cast structure is dissolved in the matrix austenite basically on ingot casting, hardening is cold soon rapidly then, to obtain homogeneous single phase austenitic matrix tissue;
6) rolling technology: after the solution treatment; Cut certain thickness strip, it is controlled rolling to adopt duo mill that it is carried out the branch passage, rolls into the deformation bands of different thickness; Every time rolling reduction is controlled at 8%-12%, and maximum rolling reduction is controlled at 50%-30%.
7) recrystallize technology: the sample after cold rolling carries out the high-temperature reply recrystallize, and recrystallization temperature is controlled at 900 ~ 1000 ℃, and soaking time is 10 ~ 60min.
Below through accompanying drawing and combine embodiment that the present invention is further specified.
Embodiment 1
(surplus is Fe, wt%) is basic material for 1.0%Si, 4.0%C to adopt commercial iron; With purity is that 99.8% electrolytic nickel, purity are 99.8% Graphite Powder 99, and purity is 99.8% electrolytic manganese and to contain Si be the alloying element that 75% ferrosilicon adds as inoculation, through preparing chemical composition by massfraction (wt%) is: C3.5%; Mn12%, Ni15%, Si2.5%; Rare earth Mg2.0%, S 0.03%, and P 0.05%; Surplus is the cast iron alloy of Fe, and employing high-frequency induction heating smelting furnace carries out melting in air ambient, smelting temperature is 1700 ℃, and soaking time 8min spheroidization and inoculation is handled, casting.Then alloy cast ingot is incubated 6h for 950 ℃ for a long time through high temperature, the carbide in the as-cast structure is all dissolved in the matrix austenite, hardening is cold soon rapidly then, to obtain the homogeneous single phase austenite structure.Sample after solution treatment cuts certain thickness strip, and it is controlled rolling to adopt duo mill that it is carried out the branch passage, rolls into the deformation bands of different thickness.The same specific embodiment of all the other steps.
The mechanical property that records the solid solution attitude of above-mentioned cast iron materials is: high tensile strength=635.50MPa, and high unit elongation δ=18.5% (seeing table 1), high impelling strength=164.70J cm-2, matrix hardness HB 191, and matrix is single-phase austenite.Alloy shows high toughness and extremely strong plastic deformation ability after the tough processing of the long-time solid solution water of high temperature: in three point bending test, can be pressed into nearly V-shape and brittle rupture does not take place, see Fig. 1; The continuous cold rolling deflection can reach more than 50%, sees Fig. 2, and is certain strain-hardening effect, and hardness improves about 2.16 times, shows higher work hardening capacity, sees Fig. 3.Hot rolling is cold rolling among Fig. 4 replaces controlled rolling total deformation to reach 80% o'clock graphite broken yet, explain that the graphite of this cast iron materials is little to the sample effect of isolating, thereby sample has good plasticity;
Embodiment 2
On the basis of embodiment 1, the sample after cold rolling is carried out the high-temperature reply recrystallize, recrystallization temperature is controlled at 900 ℃, soaking time 60min.
The mechanical property that records the recrystallize attitude of above-mentioned cast iron materials is: material cold deformation of the present invention is after the high-temperature reply recrystallize; Under stretching condition, show better intensity and the unit elongation of Geng Gao (seeing table 1, Fig. 5); Tensile strength can be promoted to 730.81MPa, and corresponding unit elongation δ is up to more than 20%, and its strong plasticity level is apparently higher than national standard and domestic and international similar austenite base ductile cast iron material; Unit elongation has reached more than 6.7 times of national standard QT700-3; Show high plasticity, reached of the requirement of industrial structured material, possessed the ability of plasticity-machine-shaping plasticity.Fig. 6 is the post-rift exterior appearance of template tension specimen of the Fe-15Ni-12Mn-3.5C-2.5Si cast alloy iron behind the 900 ℃ * 1h recrystallize, and tensile strength=706.07MPa, elongation after fracture δ are up to 25.2%, and strong plasticity is fine.
The tensile property of Fe-15Ni-12Mn-3.5C-2.5Si cast alloy iron under the different recrystallize states of table 1
| The recrystallize state | Tensile strength /MPa | Unit elongation
 |
Ys
 |
| The solid solution attitude | 635.50 | 18.5 | 436.40 |
| 900℃×1h | 706.07 | 25.2 | 432.98 |
| 950℃×15min | 730.81 | 20.0 | 466.82 |
| 1000℃×15min | 670.15 | 24.8 | 425.05 |
Embodiment 3
(surplus is Fe for 1.0%Si, 4.0%C to adopt commercial iron; Wt%) being basic material, is that 99.8% electrolytic nickel, purity are 99.8% Graphite Powder 99 with purity, and purity is 99.8% electrolytic manganese and to contain Si be the alloying element that 75% ferrosilicon adds as inoculation; Through being: C4%, Mn8%, Ni8% by massfraction (wt%) preparation chemical composition; Si2.8%, rare earth Mg1.5% S0.01%, P0.04%; Surplus is the cast iron alloy of Fe, and employing high-frequency induction heating smelting furnace carries out melting in air ambient, smelting temperature is 1600 ℃, and soaking time 15min spheroidization and inoculation is handled, casting.Then alloy cast ingot is incubated 5h for 1100 ℃ for a long time through high temperature, the carbide in the as-cast structure is all dissolved in the matrix austenite, hardening is cold soon rapidly then, to obtain the homogeneous single phase austenite structure.Sample after solution treatment cuts certain thickness strip, adopts duo mill that it is carried out the controlled cold rolling of branch passage, and every time rolling reduction is controlled at 8%, and maximum rolling reduction is controlled at 30%, rolls into the deformation bands of different thickness.Sample after cold rolling is carried out the high-temperature reply recrystallize, and recrystallization temperature is controlled at 1000 ℃, soaking time 10min.The same specific embodiment of all the other steps.
Embodiment 4
(surplus is Fe for 1.0%Si, 4.0%C to adopt commercial iron; Wt%) being basic material, is that 99.8% electrolytic nickel, purity are 99.8% Graphite Powder 99 with purity, and purity is 99.8% electrolytic manganese and to contain Si be the alloying element that 75% ferrosilicon adds as inoculation; Through being: C3.8%, Mn10%, Ni10% by massfraction (wt%) preparation chemical composition; Si2.0%, 7 trade mark rare earth Mg2.5%, surplus is the cast iron alloy of Fe; Employing high-frequency induction heating smelting furnace carries out melting in air ambient, smelting temperature is 1650 ℃, and soaking time 10min spheroidization and inoculation is handled, casting.Then alloy cast ingot is incubated 7h for 850 ℃ for a long time through high temperature, the carbide in the as-cast structure is all dissolved in the matrix austenite, hardening is cold soon rapidly then, to obtain the homogeneous single phase austenite structure.Sample after solution treatment cuts certain thickness strip, and it is controlled rolling to adopt duo mill that it is carried out the branch passage, and hot rolling system is taked in first road; Hot-rolled temperature is at 1000 ℃; Rolling reduction is controlled at 12%, carries out cold rollingly afterwards, and every time rolling reduction is controlled at 10%; Total rolling reduction is controlled at 50%, rolls into the deformation bands of different thickness.Sample after cold rolling is carried out the high-temperature reply recrystallize, and recrystallization temperature is controlled at 950 ℃, soaking time 50min.The same specific embodiment of all the other steps.
Embodiment 5
A kind of HS, H.T. austenite base TWIP cast iron alloy; The employing commercial iron is a basic material; Contain 1.0 wt %Si in this commercial iron, 4.0 wt %C, surplus is Fe; Add purity again and be 99.8% electrolytic nickel, purity and be 99.8% Graphite Powder 99, purity is 99.8% electrolytic manganese and to contain Si be that 75% ferrosilicon is formulated; The chemical composition quality proportioning of component alloy is: C is 3.6%, and Mn is 9%, and Ni is 10%, and Si is 2.1%, S0.01%, and P0.01%, surplus is Fe.
The preparation method of a kind of HS, H.T. austenite base TWIP cast iron alloy is to adopt the high-frequency induction heating smelting furnace in air ambient, to carry out melting, spheroidizing, preparation process, and made by the graphite casting mould cast; Its preparation process is following:
Charging: in smelting pot, be sequentially added into the pig iron, ferrosilicon, graphite, manganese sheet, nickel raw material, in atmospheric environment, heat melting with common medium frequency induction melting furnace;
Melting: smelting temperature is controlled at 1650 ℃, and soaking time is 10min, treats that the rare earth magnesium nodularizer 1.5% that the even back of liquid metal fusing adds 5 trades mark carries out spheroidizing, carries out filter residue then;
Casting: melted liquid is poured in the good graphite casting mould of prior oven dry through the graphite cap pouring port;
Cooling: after treating the sample cooling forming, take out ingot casting;
Thermal treatment process: through 1100 ℃ of high temperature, insulation 6h, the carbide in the as-cast structure is dissolved in the matrix austenite basically on ingot casting, hardening is cold soon rapidly then, to obtain homogeneous single phase austenitic matrix tissue;
Sample after solution treatment cuts certain thickness strip; Adopt duo mill that it is carried out the controlled cold rolling of branch passage, hot rolling system is taked in first road, and hot-rolled temperature is at 800 ℃; Rolling reduction is controlled at 10%; Carry out cold rollingly afterwards, every time rolling reduction is controlled at 10%, and maximum rolling reduction is controlled at 40%.
Recrystallize technology: the sample after cold rolling carries out the high-temperature reply recrystallize, and recrystallization temperature is controlled at 900 ℃, and soaking time is 60min.All the other implementation steps are with embodiment 3
Embodiment 6
A kind of HS, H.T. austenite base TWIP cast iron alloy; The employing commercial iron is a basic material; Contain 1.0 wt %Si in this commercial iron, 4.0 wt %C, surplus is Fe; Add purity again and be 99.8% electrolytic nickel, purity and be 99.8% Graphite Powder 99, purity is 99.8% electrolytic manganese and to contain Si be that 75% ferrosilicon is formulated; The chemical composition quality proportioning of component alloy is: C is 3.9%, and Mn is 14%, and Ni is 14%, and Si is 2.7%, and surplus is Fe.
The preparation method of a kind of HS, H.T. austenite base TWIP cast iron alloy is to adopt the high-frequency induction heating smelting furnace in air ambient, to carry out melting, spheroidizing, preparation process, and made by the graphite casting mould cast; Its preparation process is following:
8) charging: in smelting pot, be sequentially added into the pig iron, ferrosilicon, graphite, manganese sheet, nickel raw material, in atmospheric environment, heat melting with common medium frequency induction melting furnace;
9) melting: smelting temperature is controlled at 1700 ℃, and soaking time is 15min, treats that the rare earth magnesium nodularizer 2.4% that the even back of liquid metal fusing adds 8 trades mark carries out spheroidizing, carries out filter residue then;
10) casting: melted liquid is poured in the good graphite casting mould of prior oven dry through the graphite cap pouring port;
11) cooling: after treating the sample cooling forming, take out ingot casting;
12) thermal treatment process: through 900 ℃ of high temperature, insulation 5h, the carbide in the as-cast structure is dissolved in the matrix austenite basically on ingot casting, hardening is cold soon rapidly then, to obtain homogeneous single phase austenitic matrix tissue;
13) rolling technology: the sample after solution treatment cuts certain thickness strip, and it is rolling to adopt duo mill that it is carried out branch passage controlled thermal, and hot-rolled temperature is at 900 ℃; Rolling reduction is controlled at 10%;, maximum rolling reduction is controlled at 40%, rolls into the deformation bands of different thickness.
14) recrystallize technology: the sample after cold rolling carries out the high-temperature reply recrystallize, and recrystallization temperature is controlled at 950 ℃, and soaking time is 50min.
The above is merely preferred embodiment of the present invention, and all equalizations of doing according to claim of the present invention change and modify, and all should belong to covering scope of the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. one kind high tough TWIP nodular cast iron alloy is characterized in that: it is basic material that this nodular cast iron alloy adopts commercial iron, contains 1.0 wt %Si in this commercial iron, 4.0 wt %C, and surplus is Fe; Add purity again and be 99.8% electrolytic nickel, purity and be 99.8% Graphite Powder 99, purity is 99.8% electrolytic manganese and to contain Si be that 75% ferrosilicon is formulated;
The chemical composition quality proportioning of component alloy is: C is 3.9%, and Mn is 14%, and Ni is 14%, and Si is 2.7%, and surplus is Fe;
Its preparation process is following:
1) charging: in smelting pot, be sequentially added into the pig iron, ferrosilicon, graphite, manganese sheet, nickel raw material, in atmospheric environment, heat melting with common medium frequency induction melting furnace;
2) melting: smelting temperature is controlled at 1700 ℃, and soaking time is 15min, treats that the rare earth magnesium nodularizer 2.4wt% that the even back of liquid metal fusing adds 8 trades mark carries out spheroidizing, carries out filter residue then;
3) casting: melted liquid is poured in the good graphite casting mould of prior oven dry through the graphite cap pouring port;
4) cooling: after treating the sample cooling forming, take out ingot casting;
5) thermal treatment process: through 900 ℃ of high temperature, insulation 5h, the carbide in the as-cast structure is dissolved in the matrix austenite on ingot casting, hardening is cold soon rapidly then, to obtain homogeneous single phase austenitic matrix tissue;
6) rolling technology: after the solution treatment, cut certain thickness strip, it is controlled rolling to adopt duo mill that it is carried out the branch passage, rolls into the deformation bands of different thickness, and every time rolling reduction is controlled at 10%, and maximum rolling reduction is controlled at 40%; Described rolling technology can be taked cold rolling or the hot rolled mode according to actual, and the hot rolled TR is at 900 ℃;
7) recrystallize technology: the sample after cold rolling carries out the high-temperature reply recrystallize, and recrystallization temperature is controlled at 950 ℃, and soaking time is 50min.
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| CN110196180A (en) * | 2019-07-01 | 2019-09-03 | 广西玉柴机器股份有限公司 | A kind of method for making sample that may be implemented quickly to detect nitrogen component |
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| 张文杰等.冷轧变形对Fe-15Ni-12Mn-3.5C-2.5Si合金组织及性能的影响.《材料热处理技术》.2009,第38卷(第12期),第12页. * |
| 张文杰等.热处理工艺对Fe-12Mn-XNi-4C-3.5Si铸铁组织与性能的影响.《金属热处理》.2009,第34卷(第12期),第43-44页. * |
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| WO2019043369A1 (en) * | 2017-08-29 | 2019-03-07 | Cutting & Wear Resistant Developments Limited | Iron based alloy |
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