CN101960960B - Pumpkin-glossy ganoderma intercropping method for repairing organic polluted soil - Google Patents
Pumpkin-glossy ganoderma intercropping method for repairing organic polluted soil Download PDFInfo
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- CN101960960B CN101960960B CN2010102602746A CN201010260274A CN101960960B CN 101960960 B CN101960960 B CN 101960960B CN 2010102602746 A CN2010102602746 A CN 2010102602746A CN 201010260274 A CN201010260274 A CN 201010260274A CN 101960960 B CN101960960 B CN 101960960B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a pumpkin-glossy ganoderma intercropping method for repairing organic polluted soil, which comprises the following steps of: making a furrow on the organic polluted soil, arranging drainage ditches on four sides of the furrow, digging a glossy ganoderma bed in the furrow, opening a culture bag, vertically arranging the culture bag in the furrow bed in a mode that the inoculation surface is upward, covering the bag with soil, filling gaps by using soil, and keeping the soil moist; continuously culturing the culture bag in the open air and promoting the culture bag to grow the glossy ganoderma naturally; and transplanting vigorous pumpkin seedlings on two sides of the glossy ganoderma bed, constructing a pergola by using a plurality of pumpkin seedlings, shading the glossy ganoderma seed entities by the grown pumpkin stems and leaves, and providing CO2 by the glossy ganoderma seed entities to promote the photosynthesis of the pumpkin plants. The intercropping system promotes degradation or removes the organic polluted soil by using the pumpkin roots, the glossy ganoderma culture bag and the spore powder till the glossy ganoderma seed entities are mature and the growth period of the pumpkin is finished. The method can effectively realize efficient repair of the organic polluted soil, realizes safe production of the pumpkin and the glossy ganoderma at the same time of repairing, and is particularly suitable for control of repair of the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon, polychlorinated biphenyl and phthalate ester polluted soil.
Description
One, technical field
The present invention relates to the biologic applications technology of environmental organism scientific domain, specifically a kind of pumpkin-glossy ganoderma intercropping method that is used for renovation of organic pollution soil.
Two, background technology
It is the soil pollution that is caused by organic matter that soil organic is polluted, and mainly contains organic pollutions such as agricultural chemicals, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon, Polychlorinated biphenyls, oil, methane.Under biological and abiotic effect, organic matter can transform and be degraded into the product of different stability in the soil, or finally becomes inorganic matter.Yet; Those be present in the environment lastingly and have very the long half-lift, can gather and human health and environment caused persistence organic pollutant (the Persistent organic pollutants of adverse effect through food web; Be called for short POPs); They have high poison, lasting, biological accumulation and lipophilic hydrophobic four specific characters, can amplify through the food chain enrichment, and the mankind that are positioned at the biological chain top then have been amplified to 70,000 times to these toxicity; Internal system to human body has potential threat; Cause the male sex's carcinoma of testis, sperm count to reduce, reproductive function is unusual, neonate's imbalanced gender ratio and women's breast cancer and puberty waits in advance, not only individuality is produced harm, and to generation is caused nonvolatil influence thereafter.
In view of organic pollution can cause serious harm to ecological environment and human health, control and reparation problem that soil organic is polluted have become one of focus of international environmental science and field of environment engineering growing interest.The restorative procedure that soil organic is polluted mainly comprises physics reparation, chemistry reparation and biological restoration etc.; Wherein but bioremediation technology has advantages such as cost is low, non-secondary pollution large-area applications and enjoys attention; In application, adopt microbial degradation, phytoremediation more at present or utilize plant-microorganism united symbiosis system to repair, minority also relates to the plant Intercropping System.For example, plantation pumpkin (Cucurbita moschata) can significantly reduce POPs content in the soil, and this maybe to secrete low molecular weight organic acid at rhizosphere relevant with it, both has been beneficial to absorb the inertia nutrient, has also improved the biological effectiveness of POPs.Yet; Engineering is complicated during the phytoremediation, income is very low because the soil is used for; Most of peasants thereby can't bear the loss of income that long-time phytoremediation causes, thereby still lacking a kind of bioremediation technology that can apply and can keep desirable Production Gain conscientiously aspect the organic polluted soil reparation so far.
Glossy ganoderma (Ganodermalucidum) is that chinese tradition medical science is regarded as strengthening by means of tonics for a long time always, consolidates the precious Chinese herbal medicine of setting upright, many in history with wild be main.Along with science and technology development; The artificial cultivation technique of glossy ganoderma arises at the historic moment; Mainly be divided into bag (bottle) material cultivation and segment wood cultivated; Phase I is the production of separation and Culture, original seed and the cultigen of bacterial classification, and second stage is making, inoculation, the cultivation of culture bag and is transplanted to and cultivates fructification in the soil.Glossy ganoderma produces and launches in the growth and maturity phase and discharges the seed that diameter has only 5～8 μ m, biologically claims basidiospore, discovers that it has than strong biological activity.But because the environmental conditions such as needing appropriate nutrition, temperature, humidity, air, illumination and acid-base value of growing of glossy ganoderma generally need be built booth specially in the field cultivating process or set up sunshade, plantation is still a difficult problem in the farmland in the open.
Three, summary of the invention
Technical problem: the present invention is directed to the deficiency of existing recovery technique, a kind of pumpkin-glossy ganoderma intercropping method that is used for renovation of organic pollution soil is provided.This intercropping method implementation process is simple, repairing effect is obvious, productivity effect is outstanding, for further researching and developing and making up towards the efficient reparation and the production technology system of organic polluted soil scientific basis is provided.
Technical scheme: a kind of pumpkin-glossy ganoderma intercropping method that is used for renovation of organic pollution soil, carry out pumpkin-glossy ganoderma intercropping, to ganoderma lucidum fruitbody growth and maturity and the end of pumpkin growth cycle on organic polluted soil.
Pumpkin-glossy ganoderma the intercropping method that is used for renovation of organic pollution soil is done the furrow of wide 2m, long 10～15m, high 20～25cm on organic polluted soil, establish the gutter around the furrow; And in furrow, dig the sesame bed of dark 18～20cm, and the glossy ganoderma that under 15～20 ℃ of conditions, will accomplish the cultivation management is cultivated and unwraps bag, and inoculating surfaces is upright up to be arranged in the sesame bed; Line-spacing 5～the 7cm of culture bag; It is thick to wrap earthing 2～3cm, and the gap is filled and led up with soil, keeps ground moistening; Under 25～30 ℃, the open-air condition of humidity 85%～95%, continue to cultivate, short its goes out sesame naturally.The pumpkin seedling of transplanting robust growth is in sesame bed both sides, and transplanting time is that glossy ganoderma is transplanted back 1～5d, spacing in the rows 0.5～1m; Sesame bed bilateral symmetry is transplanted; Per 3～6 strains are one group and build rattan teapoy, and cushaw stem of growing up and leaf are the ganoderma lucidum fruitbody sunshade, and ganoderma lucidum fruitbody then provides CO
2Promote the photosynthesis of pumpkin plant.Treat to gather in the crops ganoderma lucidum fruitbody and cushaw stem after the ganoderma lucidum fruitbody maturation, pumpkin can be plucked separately or concentrate and pluck.
Before carrying out pumpkin-glossy ganoderma intercropping; Increase following steps: the cultivation of glossy ganoderma culture bag: the glossy ganoderma culture bag is through sterilization treatment; Wait to cultivate and insert lucidum strain when temperature is cooled to 30 ℃ of left and right sides in the construction materials contract; Place the environment of 20～25 ℃, air humidity 55%～65%, dark or the low light level to cultivate 30～40d down culture bag then, mycelia is covered with bag; Pumpkin is grown seedlings: after the pumpkin seed is sterile-processed, use the seedlings nursing plate 15～25d that grows seedlings.
Beneficial effect: intercropping pumpkin and glossy ganoderma in organic polluted soil, as shown in table 1 to the influence of (polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon PAHs, Polychlorinated biphenyls PCBs, the phthalate PAEs) residual content of organic pollution in the soil and ganoderma lucidum fruitbody and pumpkin cauline leaf, fruit organic pollution accumulative total content.
The table 1 pumpkin-effect of glossy ganoderma intercropping restorative procedure on 3 kinds of typical organic polluted soils
| The organic pollution type | Apparent degradation rate | Pumpkin cauline leaf content | Pumpkin fruit content | Ganoderma lucidum fruitbody content |
| Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon PAHs | (67±7)％ | 82±16μg?kg -1 | 73±11μg?kg -1 | 119±18μg?kg -1 |
| Polychlorinated biphenyls PCBs | (24±6)％ | 0.67±0.08μg?kg -1 | 0.58±0.09μg?kg -1 | 0.55±0.07μg?kg -1 |
| Phthalate PAEs | (73±17)％ | 1.5±0.4mg?kg -1 | 1.4±0.5mg?kg -1 | 1.6±0.3mg?kg -1 |
Can find out that from table 1 through making up pumpkin-glossy ganoderma intercropping system, ganoderma lucidum fruitbody makes full use of cushaw stem and leaf sunshade in growth course, sporophore growth is healthy and strong, and CO is provided
2Promote pumpkin plant photosynthesis, the pumpkin growth is vigorous; Unite and utilize pumpkin root system, glossy ganoderma culture bag and conidia powder degraded or remove organic pollution, realize the efficient reparation of organic polluted soil.In addition, ganoderma lucidum fruitbody and pumpkin edible part are not all found tangible organic pollution accumulation, have promptly realized the safety in production of pumpkin and glossy ganoderma simultaneously.
Four, the specific embodiment
Embodiment 1:
Supply examination soil: the Yangtze River Delta polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon polluted farmland soil, repairing preceding 16 kinds of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon component total contents is 1.4mgkg
-1
Implementation method: on contaminated soil, do the furrow of wide 2m, long 10m, high 20cm, establish the gutter all around, and in furrow, dig the sesame bed of dark 20cm; Under 18 ℃ of conditions, will accomplish the glossy ganoderma cultivation of cultivation management and unwrap bag; Inoculating surfaces is upright up to be arranged in the sesame bed, the line-spacing 6cm of culture bag, and it is thick to wrap earthing 2.5cm; The gap is filled and led up with soil, keeps ground moistening; Under 27 ℃, the open-air condition of humidity 88%, continue to cultivate, short its goes out sesame naturally.After the pumpkin seed is sterile-processed, use the seedlings nursing plate 20d that grows seedlings, the pumpkin transplantation of seedlings of selecting robust growth is in above-mentioned sesame bed both sides; Transplanting time is that glossy ganoderma is transplanted back 3d, spacing in the rows 0.5m, and bilateral symmetry is transplanted; Per 4 strains are one group and build rattan teapoy that cushaw stem of growing up and leaf are the ganoderma lucidum fruitbody sunshade.Except that this was handled, other established a nonoculture pumpkin and handles and a blank.Test repetition 4 times, district's group is arranged at random, carries out results and sampling analysis after 3 months.
Effect: control treatment soil polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon natural degradation rate is less than 5%, and the plantation pumpkin handles 38%, deals with 67% between pumpkin-glossy ganoderma.Pumpkin cauline leaf, fruit polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon content are respectively 82,73 μ gkg
-1, the ganoderma lucidum fruitbody polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon content is 119 μ gkg
-1This result shows pumpkin-glossy ganoderma intercropping method a kind of desirable technique that is applied to organic polluted soil reparation and production of can yet be regarded as.
Embodiment 2:
The cultivation of glossy ganoderma culture bag: the glossy ganoderma culture bag is through sterilization treatment; Wait to cultivate and insert lucidum strain when temperature is cooled to 30 ℃ of left and right sides in the construction materials contract; Place the environment of 20～25 ℃, air humidity 55%～65%, dark or the low light level to cultivate 30～40d down culture bag then, mycelia is covered with bag; Pumpkin is grown seedlings: after the pumpkin seed is sterile-processed, use the seedlings nursing plate 15～25d that grows seedlings.On organic polluted soil, do the furrow of wide 2m, long 10～15m, high 20～25cm, establish the gutter around the furrow, and in furrow, dig the sesame bed of dark 18～20cm; Under 15～20 ℃ of conditions, will accomplish the glossy ganoderma cultivation of cultivation management and unwrap bag; Inoculating surfaces is upright up to be arranged in the sesame bed, the line-spacing 5～7cm of culture bag, and it is thick to wrap earthing 2～3cm; The gap is filled and led up with soil, keeps ground moistening; Under 25～30 ℃, the open-air condition of humidity 85%～95%, continue to cultivate, short its goes out sesame naturally; The pumpkin seedling of transplanting robust growth is in sesame bed both sides, and transplanting time is that glossy ganoderma is transplanted back 1～5d, spacing in the rows 0.5～1m; Sesame bed bilateral symmetry is transplanted; Per 3～6 strains are one group and build rattan teapoy, and cushaw stem of growing up and leaf are the ganoderma lucidum fruitbody sunshade, and ganoderma lucidum fruitbody then provides CO
2Promote the photosynthesis of pumpkin plant.
Embodiment 3:
Basic identical with embodiment 1, but said confession examination soil is Yangtze River Delta pollution by polychlorinated biphenyles agricultural land soil, repairs preceding 18 kinds of Polychlorinated biphenyls component total content 250 μ gkg
-1Control treatment soil Polychlorinated biphenyls natural degradation rate is less than 1%, and the plantation pumpkin handles 11%, deals with 24% between pumpkin-glossy ganoderma.Pumpkin cauline leaf, fruit Polychlorinated biphenyls content are respectively 0.67,0.58 μ gkg
-1, ganoderma lucidum fruitbody Polychlorinated biphenyls content is 0.55 μ gkg
-1
Embodiment 4:
Basic identical with embodiment 1, but said confession examination soil is that the Yangtze River Delta phthalate ester pollutes vegetable field soil, diisooctyl phthalate (DEHP) content 10mg kg before repairing
-1Control treatment soil DEHP natural degradation rate is less than 10%, and the plantation pumpkin handles 35%, deals with 73% between pumpkin-glossy ganoderma.Pumpkin cauline leaf, fruit DEHP content are respectively 1.5,1.4mgkg
-1, ganoderma lucidum fruitbody DEHP content is 1.6mg kg
-1
Claims (3)
1. pumpkin-glossy ganoderma intercropping method that is used for renovation of organic pollution soil is characterized in that on organic polluted soil, doing the furrow of wide 2m, long 10～15m, high 20～25cm, establishes the gutter around the furrow; And in furrow, dig the sesame bed of dark 18～20cm, and the glossy ganoderma that under 15～20 ℃ of conditions, will accomplish the cultivation management is cultivated and unwraps bag, and inoculating surfaces is upright up to be arranged in the sesame bed; Line-spacing 5～the 7cm of culture bag; It is thick to wrap earthing 2～3cm, and the gap is filled and led up with soil, keeps ground moistening; Under 25～30 ℃, the open-air condition of humidity 85%～95%, continue to cultivate, short its goes out sesame naturally; The pumpkin seedling of transplanting robust growth is in sesame bed both sides, and transplanting time is that glossy ganoderma is transplanted back 1～5d, spacing in the rows 0.5～1m; Sesame bed bilateral symmetry is transplanted; Per 3～6 strains are one group and build rattan teapoy, and cushaw stem of growing up and leaf are the ganoderma lucidum fruitbody sunshade, and ganoderma lucidum fruitbody then provides CO
2Promote the photosynthesis of pumpkin plant.
2. pumpkin-glossy ganoderma the intercropping method that is used for renovation of organic pollution soil according to claim 1 is characterized in that treating gathering in the crops ganoderma lucidum fruitbody and cushaw stem after the ganoderma lucidum fruitbody maturation, and pumpkin can be plucked separately or concentrate and pluck.
3. pumpkin-glossy ganoderma the intercropping method that is used for renovation of organic pollution soil according to claim 1; It is characterized in that before carrying out pumpkin-glossy ganoderma intercropping; Increase following steps: the cultivation of glossy ganoderma culture bag: the glossy ganoderma culture bag is through sterilization treatment; Wait to cultivate and insert lucidum strain when temperature is cooled to 30 ℃ of left and right sides in the construction materials contract, place the environment of 20～25 ℃, air humidity 55%～65%, dark or the low light level to cultivate 30～40d down culture bag then, mycelia is covered with bag; Pumpkin is grown seedlings: after the pumpkin seed is sterile-processed, use the seedlings nursing plate 15～25d that grows seedlings.
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| CN102989749A (en) * | 2012-12-04 | 2013-03-27 | 常州大学 | Method for restoring and controlling Cd (cadmium) and DNP (2, 4-dinitropheno) compound polluted soil by using large-biomass non-hyperaccumulation vegetables |
| CN102989750A (en) * | 2012-12-04 | 2013-03-27 | 常州大学 | Method for restoring and controlling Cd (cadmium) and DBP (dibutyl phthalate) compound polluted soil by using large-biomass non-hyperaccumulation vegetables |
| CN102989751A (en) * | 2012-12-04 | 2013-03-27 | 常州大学 | Method for restoring and controlling Cd (cadmium) and DEHP (di-(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate) compound polluted soil by using large-biomass non-hyperaccumulation vegetables |
| CN105880270A (en) * | 2016-06-27 | 2016-08-24 | 中冶华天工程技术有限公司 | Heavy metal lead and antimony polluted soil remediation method |
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