CN101957067B - Frequency conversion control method for heat pump water heater - Google Patents
Frequency conversion control method for heat pump water heater Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a frequency conversion control method for a heat pump water heater. The frequency conversion control method for the heat pump water heater is characterized by comprising the following steps of: performing frequency conversion control on a compressor of the heat pump water heater; performing frequency conversion control on a throttle mechanism of the heat pump water heater; performing frequency conversion control on a defrosting mechanism of the heat pump water heater; and performing frequency conversion control on an exhaust temperature of the heat pump water heater. The frequency conversion control method for the heat pump water heater has the advantages of high heating speed, few start-stop times, small temperature fluctuation of a water tank and energy conservation. At a high ambient temperature, the frequency of the compressor can be reduced and the circulating flow quantity of a system can be reduced, so that the suction pressure is reduced and the stable operation of the compressor is guaranteed. At a low ambient temperature, the circulating flow quantity of the system is increased by increasing the frequency of the compressor and the opening degree of an electronic expansion valve, the exhaust temperature is reduced and the compression ratio is reduced, so that the compressor can operate stably. In the defrosting process, the defrosting time is greatly shortened by increasing the circulating flow quantity of the system; and the frost can be removed completely, without the problem that the frost is accumulated into ice.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of control method, is a kind of method for controlling frequency conversion specifically, particularly a kind of method for controlling frequency conversion to heat pump water-heating machine.
Background technology
Fixed air-source heat pump hot water frequently is to realize that through the start and stop of controlling compressor when water tank temperature reached setting value, compressor shut down; When water tank temperature dropped to setting value-return difference value, compressor start heated water.This control mode significant disadvantage is that high frequent starts, thereby starting current impacts bigger to line voltage greatly.
And fixed air-source heat pump hot water frequently under hot environment generally more than 35 degree; Have the zone in addition reach 40 the degree above low pressure can arrive 0.7MPa even 0.9MPA; Because low pressure rises; Suction superheat increases, and will cause that the too high bulk coefficient of compressor air suction temperature reduces, and more likely causes compressor damage.
In addition, fixed air source heat pump machine heating capacity at low temperatures frequently reduces along with the reduction of environment temperature, and circular flow reduces; Rising along with water tank temperature; Delivery temperature raises, and compressor pressure ratios strengthens, if compressor long-play under the operating mode of this excessive compression ratio; Can make the thinning even carbonization coking of lubricating oil, finally cause compressor to burn.
Simultaneously, when fixed frequency air source heat pump machine is worked at low temperatures, long-play; Finned heat exchanger meeting frosting because circular flow is little at low temperatures, causes defrosting not thorough; Can form ice sheet on the long-time fin; Have a strong impact on heat exchange, when serious even cause low-voltage variation, make compressor shutdown and can't heat water.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem that the present invention will solve is: a kind of method for controlling frequency conversion of heat pump water-heating machine is provided, and it can make, and heat pump water-heating machine has that programming rate is fast, start-stop time is few, the little and energy-saving advantages of water tank temperature fluctuation.
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above; The present invention provides a kind of method for controlling frequency conversion of heat pump water-heating machine; It comprises to the VFC of the compressor of heat pump water-heating machine, to the VFC of the throttle mechanism of heat pump water-heating machine, to the VFC of the defrost mechanism of heat pump water-heating machine with to the VFC of the delivery temperature of heat pump water-heating machine, and the VFC of said compressor to heat pump water-heating machine may further comprise the steps:
1), to establish environment temperature be T ring, the normal temperature of heat pump water-heating machine water tank is the T mark, the actual temperature of water tank is that T is real, the temperature difference between water tank normal temperature and actual temperature for Δ T=T mark-T in fact;
2), be less than 20 minutes when the heat pump water-heating machine available machine time, the running frequency of compressor is regulated according to the temperature difference T in the step 1), is specially:
A), when Δ T＞4 ℃, the maximum frequency of operation of said compressor is 110HZ,
B), in the time of Δ T=4 ℃, the maximum frequency of operation of said compressor is 100HZ,
C), in the time of Δ T=3 ℃, the maximum frequency of operation of said compressor is 80HZ,
D), in the time of Δ T=2 ℃, the maximum frequency of operation of said compressor is 60HZ,
E), in the time of Δ T=1 ℃, the maximum frequency of operation of said compressor is 30HZ,
F), in the time of Δ T=0 ℃, the maximum frequency of operation of said compressor is 0HZ;
After the heat pump water-heating machine available machine time reaches 20 minutes, if the running frequency of compressor greater than 80HZ, then drops to the 80HZ operation with it; If the running frequency of compressor is less than 80HZ, then the running frequency of compressor is constant.
According to the method for controlling frequency conversion of heat pump water-heating machine of the present invention, the running frequency that is preferably said compressor is also regulated according to environment temperature T ring, is specially:
1), when >=35 ℃ on T ring, the maximum frequency of operation of said compressor is 80HZ,
2), when 10 ℃＜T environment≤35 ℃, the maximum frequency of operation of said compressor is 100HZ,
3), when≤10 ℃ on T ring, the maximum frequency of operation of said compressor is 110HZ.
According to the method for controlling frequency conversion of heat pump water-heating machine of the present invention, the running frequency scope that is preferably said compressor is: 0HZ～120HZ.
According to the method for controlling frequency conversion of heat pump water-heating machine of the present invention, the VFC that is preferably said throttle mechanism to heat pump water-heating machine is that said throttle mechanism adopts electronic expansion valve controls.
According to the method for controlling frequency conversion of heat pump water-heating machine of the present invention, be preferably said electronic expansion valve controls and be specially:
1), after heat pump water-heating machine powers on, said electric expansion valve resets, it just is 200 apertures that its aperture is transferred to P,
2), behind compressor start; If the aperture variable quantity of said electric expansion valve
(average degree of superheat SH average-target degree of superheat TSH)
Wherein
When SH average≤-1 the time, KP=3,
When-1＜SH average≤0 the time, KP=2,
When SH average＞0 the time, KP=1;
Average degree of superheat SH=Ts-T ' s,
Ts is a suction temperature, and T ' s is the saturation temperature of corresponding pressure of inspiration(Pi) Ps
The mean value of the actual degree of superheat in the SH average out to 30s, every 5s takes a sample once,
TSH is the target degree of superheat,
Then, the actual aperture of electric expansion valve
According to the method for controlling frequency conversion of heat pump water-heating machine of the present invention, the VFC that is preferably said defrost mechanism to heat pump water-heating machine is specially:
When reach more than 50 minutes the duration of runs of said compressor, continuous detecting fin temperature T fin, environment temperature T ring one of meets the following conditions and keeps then getting into defrost state more than 5 minutes
1),>=5 ℃ on T ring and T fin≤-3 ℃;
2),＜10 ℃ on T ring and T environment-T fin＞7 ℃.
According to the method for controlling frequency conversion of heat pump water-heating machine of the present invention, be preferably said heat pump water-heating machine entering defrost state and be specially:
1), said compressor is downconverted to the 30HZ operation with the speed of 1HZ/S;
2), said compressor is in that operation is after 20 seconds under the step 1) state, blower fan is out of service, cross valve gets electric, after 10 seconds, compressor is raised to the standard frequency operation with the speed of 1HZ/S, defrosts;
3), in the defrost process, continuous detecting fin temperature, and pick up counting from defrosting, when fin temperature T fin rise to >=15 ℃ or defrosting time reached 12 minutes, then defrosting finishes,
4), after defrosting finishes, compressor is downconverted to the 30HZ operation with the speed of 1HZ/S, after 30 seconds, fan operation, after 10 seconds, cross valve gets electric, after 20 seconds, compressor start, normal operation.
According to the method for controlling frequency conversion of heat pump water-heating machine of the present invention, the VFC that is preferably said delivery temperature to heat pump water-heating machine is specially:
If compressor exhaust temperature is the T exhaust, carrying out the delivery temperature setting value through the fluid injection mode is T fluid injection setting value, then,
1), when T fluid injection setting value＜T exhaust, the running frequency that limits said compressor is below 45HZ;
2), when T fluid injection setting value+5＜T exhaust, reduce the running frequency of said compressor.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is:
1, through VFC to heat pump water-heating machine, reduced the start-stop time of compressor, reduced the excessive impact that electrical network is brought of its starting current;
2, under hot environment, pass through to reduce the pressure of inspiration(Pi) of compressor, guarantee the stable operation of compressor;
3, through the VFC to heat pump water-heating machine, stepless speed regulation has guaranteed that the water tank temperature fluctuation of said heat pump water-heating machine is little, has good energy-saving effect; Also can improve simultaneously the heating capacity of heat pump water-heating machine under low temperature environment, increase circular flow, reduce delivery temperature, reduce compression ratio, make compressor operating reliable;
4, when said heat pump water-heating machine defrosts,, solve a white aliquant difficult problem through improving circular flow.
The specific embodiment
Below, with embodiment the present invention is made more detailed description.Embodiment only is the description to best mode for carrying out the invention, scope of the present invention is not had any restriction.
Embodiment
A kind of method for controlling frequency conversion of heat pump water-heating machine, it comprises to the VFC of the compressor of heat pump water-heating machine, to the VFC of the throttle mechanism of heat pump water-heating machine, to the VFC of the defrost mechanism of heat pump water-heating machine with to the VFC of the delivery temperature of heat pump water-heating machine.
The input quantity of said control system is: water tank temperature, leaving water temperature, suction temperature, fin temperature, delivery temperature, environment temperature, pressure of inspiration(Pi); High-voltage switch gear, low tension switch, water flow switch etc.;
Output quantity is: compressor, blower fan, cross valve, water circulating pump, crankcase heating tape;
Hardware components: the frequency-variable module plate, the computer plate, line control machine is in order to the stepper motor of control electric expansion valve.
Wherein, The VFC of said compressor to heat pump water-heating machine; It changes the rotating speed of compressor through a frequency conversion inverter circuit; Realize variable-frequency variable-voltage through the PWM control technology, in frequency conversion, change the terminal voltage of motor in phase, thereby regulate heating capacity through the inspiratory capacity that the rotating speed of control compressor is regulated compressor.When water heater had just started, because water tank temperature is lower, the frequency-changeable compressor motor moved with high-frequency fast.Let the heating capacity of water heater reach maximum. water tank temperature can be gone up: in the shortest time when water tank temperature reaches soon; The compressor operating frequency can decrease; Realize electrodeless adjusting; And realize the heating capacity adjusting without compressor shutdown. reduced the start-stop time and the temperature fluctuation of heat pump water-heating machine, especially greatly reduced starting current, reduced impact line voltage.It specifically may further comprise the steps:
1), to establish environment temperature be T ring, the normal temperature of heat pump water-heating machine water tank is the T mark, the actual temperature of water tank is that T is real, the temperature difference between water tank normal temperature and actual temperature for Δ T=T mark-T in fact;
2), be less than 20 minutes, when the heat pump water-heating machine available machine time running frequency of compressor (its running frequency scope is: 0HZ～120HZ) regulate according to the temperature difference T in the step 1) is specially:
A), when Δ T＞4 ℃, the maximum frequency of operation of said compressor is 110HZ or highest frequency,
B), in the time of Δ T=4 ℃, the maximum frequency of operation of said compressor is 100HZ or highest frequency,
C), in the time of Δ T=3 ℃, the maximum frequency of operation of said compressor is 80HZ,
D), in the time of Δ T=2 ℃, the maximum frequency of operation of said compressor is 60HZ,
E), in the time of Δ T=1 ℃, the maximum frequency of operation of said compressor is 30HZ,
F), in the time of Δ T=0 ℃, the maximum frequency of operation of said compressor is 0HZ;
After the heat pump water-heating machine available machine time reaches 20 minutes, if the running frequency of compressor greater than 80HZ, then drops to the 80HZ operation with it; If the running frequency of compressor is less than 80HZ, then the running frequency of compressor is constant.
Preferably, the running frequency of said compressor is also regulated according to environment temperature T ring, is specially:
1), when >=35 ℃ on T ring, the maximum frequency of operation of said compressor is 80HZ,
2), when 10 ℃＜T environment≤35 ℃, the maximum frequency of operation of said compressor is 100HZ,
3), when≤10 ℃ on T ring, the maximum frequency of operation of said compressor is 110HZ or highest frequency.
In addition, the VFC of said throttle mechanism to heat pump water-heating machine is that said throttle mechanism adopts electronic expansion valve controls.Compare with traditional heating power expansion valve, electric expansion valve has the temperature regulating range than broad, can temperature be regulated arbitrarily in a certain scope through the by-pass valve control aperture.Electric expansion valve can be controlled the degree of superheat to such an extent that very steadily numerical value is less, has remarkable energy saving effect.Especially under Cryo Equipment thermic load situation less than normal, electric expansion valve have through self regulate make the degree of superheat recover on the occasion of characteristic, this is that heating power expansion valve is not available.
Specifically, said electronic expansion valve controls is:
1), after heat pump water-heating machine powers on, said electric expansion valve resets, it just is 200 apertures that its aperture is transferred to P,
2), behind compressor start; If the aperture variable quantity of said electric expansion valve
(average degree of superheat SH average-target degree of superheat TSH), wherein
When SH average≤-1 the time, KP=3,
When-1＜SH average≤0 the time, KP=2,
When SH average＞0 the time, KP=1;
Average degree of superheat SH=Ts-T ' s,
Ts is a suction temperature, and T ' s is the saturation temperature of corresponding pressure of inspiration(Pi) Ps
The mean value of the actual degree of superheat in the SH average out to 30s, every 5s takes a sample once,
TSH is the target degree of superheat,
Then, the actual aperture of electric expansion valve
In the method for controlling frequency conversion of said heat pump water-heating machine, be preferably, the VFC of said defrost mechanism to heat pump water-heating machine is:
When reach more than 50 minutes the duration of runs of said compressor, continuous detecting fin temperature T fin, environment temperature T ring one of meets the following conditions and keeps then getting into defrost state more than 5 minutes
1),>=5 ℃ on T ring and T fin≤-3 ℃;
2),＜10 ℃ on T ring and T environment-T fin＞7 ℃.
In the method for controlling frequency conversion of said heat pump water-heating machine, be preferably, said heat pump water-heating machine gets into defrost state and is specially:
1), said compressor is downconverted to the 30HZ operation with the speed of 1HZ/S;
2), said compressor is in that operation is after 20 seconds under the step 1) state, blower fan is out of service, cross valve gets electric, after 10 seconds, compressor is raised to the standard frequency operation with the speed of 1HZ/S, defrosts;
3), in the defrost process, continuous detecting fin temperature, and pick up counting from defrosting, when fin temperature T fin rise to >=15 ℃ or defrosting time reached 12 minutes, then defrosting finishes,
4), after defrosting finishes, compressor is downconverted to the 30HZ operation with the speed of 1HZ/S, after 30 seconds, fan operation, after 10 seconds, cross valve gets electric, after 20 seconds, compressor start, normal operation.
In the method for controlling frequency conversion of said heat pump water-heating machine, be preferably, the VFC of said delivery temperature to heat pump water-heating machine is specially:
If compressor exhaust temperature is the T exhaust, carrying out the delivery temperature setting value through the fluid injection mode is T fluid injection setting value, then, 1), when T fluid injection setting value＜T exhaust, the running frequency that limits said compressor is below 45HZ;
2), when T fluid injection setting value+5＜T exhaust, reduce the running frequency of said compressor.
The method for controlling frequency conversion of heat pump water-heating machine of the present invention has that programming rate is fast, start-stop time is few, a little and energy-saving advantages of water tank temperature fluctuation aspect temperature control; Under high ambient temperature, can reduce compressor frequency, reduce the systemic circulation flow, thereby reduce pressure of inspiration(Pi), guarantee compressor stable operation; Under the low ambient temperature, can be through increasing compressor frequency, the mode that the electric expansion valve open degree increases increases the systemic circulation flow, reduces delivery temperature, reduces compression ratio, makes compressor stable operation; Increase the systemic circulation flow during defrosting, shorten defrosting time greatly, each defrosting can eliminate, and does not have the problem that rolls up ice.
Claims (8)
1. the method for controlling frequency conversion of a heat pump water-heating machine; Comprise VFC to the compressor of heat pump water-heating machine, to the VFC of the throttle mechanism of heat pump water-heating machine, to the VFC of the defrost mechanism of heat pump water-heating machine with to the VFC of the delivery temperature of heat pump water-heating machine, it is characterized in that: the VFC of said compressor to heat pump water-heating machine may further comprise the steps:
1), to establish environment temperature be T ring, the normal temperature of heat pump water-heating machine water tank is the T mark, the actual temperature of water tank is that T is real, the temperature difference between water tank normal temperature and actual temperature for Δ T=T mark-T in fact;
2), be less than 20 minutes when the heat pump water-heating machine available machine time, the running frequency of compressor is regulated according to the temperature difference T in the step 1), is specially:
A), when Δ T＞4 ℃, the maximum frequency of operation of said compressor is 110HZ,
B), in the time of Δ T=4 ℃, the maximum frequency of operation of said compressor is 100HZ,
C), in the time of Δ T=3 ℃, the maximum frequency of operation of said compressor is 80HZ,
D), in the time of Δ T=2 ℃, the maximum frequency of operation of said compressor is 60HZ,
E), in the time of Δ T=1 ℃, the maximum frequency of operation of said compressor is 30HZ,
F), in the time of Δ T=0 ℃, the maximum frequency of operation of said compressor is 0HZ;
After the heat pump water-heating machine available machine time reaches 20 minutes, if the running frequency of compressor greater than 80HZ, then drops to the 80HZ operation with it; If the running frequency of compressor is less than 80HZ, then the running frequency of compressor is constant.
2. the method for controlling frequency conversion of heat pump water-heating machine according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the running frequency of said compressor is also regulated according to environment temperature T ring, is specially:
1), when >=35 ℃ on T ring, the maximum frequency of operation of said compressor is 80HZ,
2), when 10 ℃＜T environment≤35 ℃, the maximum frequency of operation of said compressor is 100HZ,
3), when≤10 ℃ on T ring, the maximum frequency of operation of said compressor is 110HZ.
3. the method for controlling frequency conversion of heat pump water-heating machine according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that: the running frequency scope of said compressor is: 0HZ～120HZ.
4. the method for controlling frequency conversion of heat pump water-heating machine according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the VFC of said throttle mechanism to heat pump water-heating machine is that said throttle mechanism adopts electronic expansion valve controls.
5. the method for controlling frequency conversion of heat pump water-heating machine according to claim 4, it is characterized in that: said electronic expansion valve controls is specially:
1), after heat pump water-heating machine powers on, said electric expansion valve resets, it just is 200 apertures that its aperture is transferred to P,
2), behind compressor start; If the aperture variable quantity of said electric expansion valve
(average degree of superheat SH average-target degree of superheat TSH)
Wherein
When SH average≤-1 the time, KP=3,
When-1＜SH average≤0 the time, KP=2,
When SH average＞0 the time, KP=1;
Average degree of superheat SH=Ts-T ' s,
Ts is a suction temperature, and T ' s is the saturation temperature of corresponding pressure of inspiration(Pi) Ps
The mean value of the actual degree of superheat in the SH average out to 30s, every 5s takes a sample once,
TSH is the target degree of superheat,
Then, the actual aperture of electric expansion valve
6. the method for controlling frequency conversion of heat pump water-heating machine according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the VFC of said defrost mechanism to heat pump water-heating machine is specially:
When reach more than 50 minutes the duration of runs of said compressor, continuous detecting fin temperature T fin, environment temperature T ring one of meets the following conditions and keeps then getting into defrost state more than 5 minutes
1),>=5 ℃ on T ring and T fin≤-3 ℃;
2),＜10 ℃ on T ring and T environment-T fin＞7 ℃.
7. the method for controlling frequency conversion of heat pump water-heating machine according to claim 6 is characterized in that: said heat pump water-heating machine gets into defrost state and is specially:
1), said compressor is downconverted to the 30HZ operation with the speed of 1HZ/S;
2), said compressor is in that operation is after 20 seconds under the step 1) state, blower fan is out of service, cross valve gets electric, after 10 seconds, compressor is raised to the standard frequency operation with the speed of 1HZ/S, defrosts;
3), in the defrost process, continuous detecting fin temperature, and pick up counting from defrosting, when fin temperature T fin rise to >=15 ℃ or defrosting time reached 12 minutes, then defrosting finishes,
4), after defrosting finishes, compressor is downconverted to the 30HZ operation with the speed of 1HZ/S, after 30 seconds, fan operation, after 10 seconds, cross valve gets electric, after 20 seconds, compressor start, normal operation.
8. the method for controlling frequency conversion of heat pump water-heating machine according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the VFC of said delivery temperature to heat pump water-heating machine is specially:
If compressor exhaust temperature is the T exhaust, carrying out the delivery temperature setting value through the fluid injection mode is T fluid injection setting value, then,
1), when T fluid injection setting value＜T exhaust, the running frequency that limits said compressor is below 45HZ;
2), when T fluid injection setting value+5＜T exhaust, reduce the running frequency of said compressor.
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