CN101956662B

CN101956662B - Floating type wind energy receiving device

Info

Publication number: CN101956662B
Application number: CN2009101581608A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张阳
Original assignee: China National Coal Group Corp
Current assignee: China National Coal Group Corp
Priority date: 2009-07-14
Filing date: 2009-07-14
Publication date: 2011-08-24
Anticipated expiration: 2029-07-14
Also published as: CN101956662A

Abstract

The invention discloses a floating type wind energy receiving device, which comprises a helical air sac and a plurality of pulling ropes, wherein the helical air sac is provided with a double helix surface and contains light gas; the pulling ropes are respectively and vertically distributed along the helical air sac, and are connected to each convex outer surface of the air sac in sequence; the lower end of each pulling end is connected with a driving device used for driving a generator; the double helix surface of the helical air sac can be formed by winding two columnar air sacs which are connected with each other; the double helix surface of the helical air sac also can be formed by orderly pulling the pulling ropes arranged in a cylindrical air sac and relative to the surface; each two pulling ropes are orderly staggered into an included angle to form helical distribution. The floating type wind energy receiving device has the advantages of simple structure, convenient operation and control, lower cost, light weight and high use safety, and can effectively utilize high altitude wind energy.

Description

Floating type wind energy receiving device

Technical field

The relevant a kind of wind energy generating plant of the present invention particularly relates to a kind of floating type wind energy receiving device that utilizes high altitude stream acting generating.

Background technique

Wind energy receiving device is the device of rotating mechanical energy exactly with wind energy transformation.Wind energy receiving device commonly used at present is a fan blade, is contained in the wind top of tower and drives generator for electricity generation.The restriction of wind-engaging tower height degree, this wind energy receiving device can only receive near utilize ground wind energy, and because the wind speed on ground is lower, energy is less, if want to improve the power of wind-power electricity generation, can only adopt large-sized leaf blade as far as possible, improve blowing area, this also brings the sharp increase of cost, and the fan blade size is because the restriction of material, technology and wind tower height degree, can not unconfinedly increase, thereby restricted the further raising of generating capacity.

Therefore, countries in the world have been developed the wind energy receiving device that utilizes the high altitude stream acting in succession at present.Wherein a kind of is Italian high casement kite power generation technology, its working principle is: with large-scale paraglider (just said kite) as the wind energy receiver, by pulling controlling rope (computer is finished automatically), make up against the wind kite distortion, thereby reduction windage, the descending kite of leading side wind is then opened entirely, full blast resistance downwind, both sides windage difference forms the power of mechanism's unitary rotation.After wind energy transformation is mechanical energy, by wire rope the energy that receives is delivered to the ground runner, by runner energy is sent into generator, finish the purpose of generating.

Its procedure is, at first kite put into the high-altitude, and the steel wire tow line of these kites is evenly arranged along the circumferencial direction of ground frame.Kite meeting is along with wind direction all floats towards down public attention, at this moment, the kite of (being the movement tendency direction) side utilizes electronic equipment to tighten up backguy (in kite inside against the wind, not the wire rope drag-line of conduction power), cause the kite wind-exposuring area to descend, windage reduces, because the windage of opposite side does not change, also just formed the pressure difference of windage, cause the big side direction downstream of windage to move on, and the little end of windage upstream (with respect to the wind comes from) drive in the wrong direction, this pressure reduction is passed to support by drag-line, support is passed to generator synchronously with mechanical energy again, reaches the purpose of Conversion of energy.

Its advantage of this wind energy receiving device is: utilize the high speed wind energy in high-altitude, single-machine capacity can reach gigawatt; Motor and power transmission and transformation system have improved Security all on ground.Compare with conventional wind generating technology, its construction cost is also relatively low.But shortcoming is:

1, need complicated steering control system, the bearing place is subjected to huge shearing stress, and friction consumes also very big, has the dead point.

2, along with the folding and unfolding of kite, pulsatile impact constantly occurs, the electricity that causes sending is pulsed, and has increased the investment of power transmission and transformation system, and the complexity of working procedure.

3, the energy density of wind-force is original just very low, also wants consumption of power to draw kiteflying, has further reduced wind energy utilization.

4, the increasingly automated control of this Technology Need computer, and accurate wind finding device to be arranged on every side, owing to be operated in the continuous change, there is not stable state (not only can not work under the stable state, and kite meeting falls down), all want complicated than the process (except that taking off or hitting the mark) of aircraft, missile flight all in approximation steady state work.So this technical stability is very poor.

5, kite or make paraglider part will increase pull rope mechanism has improved the weight of lift-off mechanism, makes kite put day to become more difficult.

6, aeroelasticity is very poor, almost completely is resistance type, and efficient is low.

7, complicated operation, poor practicability: go up the long rope of km and haul the big kite in field pitch, how to put is a problem.And 12 kites of whole system, just might twine together fully in the process of putting.In case wind is too little, kite might lose lift and can fall down.

In addition, adopt high-altitude turbogenerator type, the high-altitude floating type wind energy electricity generating devices such as wheel type and high-altitude helicopter type that go for a drive in addition, the common feature of these devices is that wind energy receiving device and power facility are raised in the air by floating empty device together, receive high altitude wind energy, and the power delivery that produces is gone back to ground.These electricity generating devices also all have some common shortcomings: 1, owing to wind energy receiving device and power facility are all floated sky be arranged in the air, cause the complex structure of wind electricity generating system, weight big, restricted the further raising of its power; 2, the electricity generating device that volume, weight are all bigger all is arranged in the air, in case crash, will constitute a threat to ground safety, and Security is relatively poor; 3, wind direction there is requirement, be that the wind energy that receives of the wind of some direction is higher, the wind energy that the wind of other directions is received is lower, and the high altitude stream polytrope has restricted its effectively utilizing 4, need install floating empty device in addition additional wind energy, so that electricity generating device is risen up into the high-altitude, increased manufacture cost.

Summary of the invention

In view of this, the technical problem to be solved in the present invention be to provide a kind of simple in structure, control conveniently, cost is low, in light weight, safe to use and can effectively utilize the floating type wind energy receiving device of high altitude wind energy.

For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the technical solution used in the present invention is:

A kind of floating type wind energy receiving device, it comprises:

One spirality air bag has the double helix surface, interior dress light gas;

Several tow ropes are vertically arranged along described air bag respectively, and are connected in each convex outer surface of air bag successively, and the drive unit that the lower end of each tow rope and is used to drive generator links to each other.

As a kind of selectable scheme, the double helix surface of described spirality air bag is to be entwined mutually by two column air bags, and two column air bag connecting parts are connected to each other.This column air bag presented the upright column of nature before not assembling, after the adding system, be subjected to the comprehensive function of inner stay cord or bond line, tow rope, presented spiralling state.

Preferably, the sectional shape of described column air bag is rounded or oval.Can adopt stay cord to connect or bonding connection between the described air bag.

As the selectable scheme of another kind, the double helix surface of described spirality air bag be the drawing rope that is oppositely arranged by portion surface within it by a cylindrical air bag successively tractive form, the angle that staggers successively between each drawing rope, curl is arranged.Described drawing rope is at least two rows.

As the third selectable scheme, the double helix surface of described spirality air bag is to be spiraled bonding along the centre or sewed up and form by a cylindrical air bag.

Preferably, floating type wind energy receiving device of the present invention also comprises balloonet, and this balloonet is arranged in described spirality air bag or the column air bag, is provided with the air valve that is communicated to atmosphere on this balloonet, and this air valve is opened when inside and outside differential pressure surpasses predetermined value.

Preferably, described balloonet is connected with air supplying pump, and this air supplying pump is by a pressure transducer control that is provided with in spirality air bag or balloonet, owing to revealing or other reason when causing the spirality gasbag pressure not enough, replenishes air in balloonet.

Therefore, the effect of balloonet mainly is the pressure change that causes according to variable height, thereby the gas volume that causes changes, and temperature and the Volume Changes that causes such as shine upon, come equilibrium air pressure with discharging or injection air, guarantee airbag safety, and keep stable aerodynamic appearance, in addition, also avoid the loss of buoyance lift gas.Balloonet directly is communicated with atmosphere by air valve, when air pressure inside and when the barometric pressure pressure reduction of ground level when reaching the setting safety value, air valve is opened automatically, exhausting air.And the maintenance that is lower than setting when pressure is when stablizing the numerical value of external form, and the control air supplying pump is opened, and replenishes air, keeps air pressure.

Surface at described air bag can be provided with covering, and preferably, this skin material is an etramee.

Described light gas can be hydrogen or helium, also can adopt the gas of other proportions less than air, preferred helium.

In the present invention, the spirality air bag is a buoyancy device, so that workpiece is delivered to predetermined altitude; Be again operation element simultaneously, be used to receive wind energy.Its double helix shape aerodynamic appearance produces two effects simultaneously under the wind-force effect, promptly forward promotes and oppositely pulling, produces moment of torsion, makes the spirality air bag rotate along center line, and the acting ability increases substantially.The rotation of spirality air bag is arrived drive unit by tow rope with transmission of power, drives generator for electricity generation by drive unit.

Compared with prior art, floating type wind energy receiving device of the present invention has the following advantages:

1, can utilize the high speed in high-altitude distinguished and admirable, the wind energy receiving device of same kind, same sectional area produces than ground high energy more than 27 times in 1000 meters high-altitudes.The wind speed in 1000 meters high-altitudes is three times of ground, and then entrained energy is that (according to the wind energy density formula is P=1/2 ρ V near the ground 27 times ³), if the throughout the year average wind energy density in this area is 500 watts, then 1000 meters high-altitudes reach 13500 watts, promptly 13.5 kilowatts.

2, specific investment cost is little.Near the ground and km high-altitude, if obtain the energy that equates, the blowing area of this patent is 1/27 of a floor area, obviously, the specific investment cost that is used to build wind energy receiving device is much smaller.

3, can maximize.Conventional at present floating empty generation technology is invariably because of the earth attraction effect limits its further maximization, but the present invention uses buoyance lift gas as working medium, not limited by gravity, and opposite with gravitational direction, possesses the absolute potentiality of maximization.Through measuring and calculating, native system can be accomplished 1,000,000 kilowatts even bigger, is more than 200 times of maximum conventional wind-powered electricity generation function power of present actual production.

4, simple in structure, cost is low.Because this patent uses the spirality air bag as topmost wind energy receiving device, air bag adopts modal circular cross-section materials processing, both reduced the complexity of processing technology, also shortened process time, equipment and material also all compare cheaply, have significantly reduced processing cost, and the spirality air bag had both been taken on the device of slinging in the high-altitude of ascending to heaven, take on wind energy receiving device again, two functions of a cover investment are equivalent to reduce the investment of a system.Even if compare, owing to do not need expensive wind tower and blade, half of the not enough conventional wind-powered electricity generation of cost of material with conventional wind generating technology.

5, Security is good.The present invention only rises air bag in the air, and other equipment all are placed on ground, does not have the risk of weight being fallen from the high-altitude because of accident.The balloonet that is provided with can effectively prevent balloon rupture, even and if the unexpected integral body of air bag break, but tow rope hauls the air bag that breaks, and resembles kite out of control and slowly lands, and is not directly to throw, and has cushioned the impact to ground greatly.

6, Xian Jin aerodynamic design has guaranteed the high efficiency generating of blower fan.The present invention has good air dynamic behaviour, has both had the high output characteristic of resistance type wind energy receiving machine, has the high rotary speed property of windward side, the dual promotion of contrary wind side (negative pressuren zone) again.And well streamlined, distinguished and admirable smooth and easy owing to having, overcome the flow-disturbing problem.

7, omnirange receives wind energy and regulation technology flexibly effectively.Wind energy receiving device of the present invention can be complied with various variations in flow, accept the wind energy of all directions, improve the usefulness of utilizing of wind energy, and can realize automatic adjusting, the whichever wind direction be the wind comes from, can naturally air bag be blowed to down public attention, the air bag angle of inclination increased when wind was big, reduced highly naturally, and blowing area reduces, under the inclination maximum state, have only one near circular wind-receiving face (promptly almost completely the inclination maximum state of level), wind is hour then opposite, to keeping constant output power, stable angular velocity, stable electric current output frequency is highly profitable.And use tow rope also can conveniently regulate the height of wind energy receiving device.

8, applied range can use under various conditions such as land, coastal, desert.Because spirality air bag of the present invention four sides can receive wind energy and convert the rotation function of air bag to, has solved the sea-land breeze problem well, all directions be the wind comes from does not simultaneously influence normal operation yet, and all energy are collected in the lump.Summer, desert wind was minimum, but owing to there is not vegetation, it is very big that it absorbs solar heat, extreme temperatures, more much higher than atmospheric temperature, form strong convection, a large amount of in addition water vapors have increased air density, make convection currents acting ability be multiplied, and the present invention just in time can utilize its generating.This is the advantage that other technology does not have.

9, the startup wind speed is extremely low, under calm condition, utilizes thermoconvection also can work.Calm or Xiao Feng district, the torrid zone, as long as shine upon, because this patent uses light gas such as very light hydrogen, helium as medium, rotator inertia is minimum, it is extremely low to start wind speed.Because the power that floating empty part is born is opposite with gravity, and consistent with the direction of convection current air, thus be easy to just make wind energy receiving device to rotate, thus can utilize the convection current acting.

10, complete machine is unstressed concentrates no security vulnerabilities.One of characteristic of the present invention is exactly, and complete machine is the natural law with the wind, direction operation with the wind, there is not the folding s tress nidus, complete machine safety coefficient unanimity does not need special to carry out the high degree of safety design at weakness.The safety coefficient unanimity not only can lightweight, and does not need to reinforce certain part specially, helps to reduce design and manufacture cost.

11, because tow rope, lamination coating etc. all are that tensile strength is more much higher than compressive strength, and the present invention is except that motor and base rack, and complete machine only is subjected to pulling force, can work safely by the lightweight height, and the performance properties of materials, reduce cost.

12, can when wind is too big, can wind energy receiving device be recovered to lower position by tow rope and works in the certain altitude scope of high-altitude, working from ground.

13, because the air bag quality is very little, allow to rotate with higher rotation speed, its centrifugal force also is unlikely to damage air bag, and this is the outstanding advantage that is better than existing floating empty generation technology.The high relatively rotating speed of wind energy receiving device can be simplified the complexity of ground gearbox, thereby reduces investment.

14, the etramee skin material that adopts of balloon surface of the present invention can improve the surface strength of air bag, and have in light weight, anti-uv-ray, anti-water logging ability height, thus prolong life-span of wind energy receiving device greatly.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is wind energy receiving device first an embodiment's of the present invention side structure schematic representation.

Fig. 2 is the plan view of Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is the internal structure schematic representation of a column air bag when erectility wherein among Fig. 1.

Fig. 4 is wind energy receiving device second an embodiment's of the present invention side structure schematic representation.

Fig. 5 is the plan view of Fig. 4.

Fig. 6 is wind energy receiving device the 3rd an embodiment's of the present invention plan structure schematic representation.

Among the figure

10, spirality air bag 11, column air bag 12, tow rope 13, covering

14, balloonet 15, air valve

20, spirality air bag 21, tow rope 22, drawing rope 23, balloonet

24, air bag cavity 25, air valve

30, spirality air bag 31, tow rope

Embodiment

Describe the present invention below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the description of this part only is exemplary and explanatory, should any restriction not arranged to protection scope of the present invention.

What Fig. 1 represented is the side structure schematic representation of first embodiment of the invention, and Fig. 2 is the plan view of Fig. 1.As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, floating type wind energy receiving device of the present invention, it comprises:

One spirality air bag 10 is to be twined mutually by two column air bags 11 to form the double helix surface, and two column air bags, 11 connecting parts are connected to each other, light gas such as interior dress hydrogen or helium; Connection between the two column air bags 11 can be adopted inner stay cord or directly bonding.

Article four, tow rope 12, vertically arrange along spirality air bag 10 respectively, and are connected in spirality air bag 10 each convex outer surface successively, and the drive unit (figure slightly) that the lower end of each tow rope 12 and is used to drive generator links to each other.

Above-mentioned column air bag 11 presented the upright column of nature before assembling not, as shown in Figure 3, after the adding system, only need the curve of two column air bags by design linked together, and it is just passable to fix tow rope again.Be subjected to the comprehensive function of inner stay cord or bond line, tow rope 12, present spiralling state, what show spirality air bag 10 among the figure is the right hand helix state, downside at each spiral constitutes the windward side, upside constitutes lee face, it is under wind action, and wind energy receiving device can produce to the moment of torsion of anticlockwise and turn left, and promptly rotates along clockwise wind direction when overlooking.Equally, two column air bags 11 also can be coiled into left hand direction, and itself and other structure of dextrorotation air bag are basic identical, just are subjected to force direction opposite, and sense of rotation is opposite.

In Fig. 2, the sectional shape of described column air bag 11 is rounded.The sectional shape of this column air bag also can be ellipse, can adopt to be reversed into spirality again and to be fixed by tow rope after oval major axis one side is connected to each other.Cylindrical air bag or elliptical cylinder-shape air bag may have the distortion of a little when being coiled into the spirality air bag, but can not influence global shape and stressed.

Fig. 3 is the internal structure schematic representation of a column air bag when erectility wherein among Fig. 1.As Fig. 1, Fig. 2 and shown in Figure 3, floating type wind energy receiving device of the present invention also comprises balloonet 14, this balloonet 14 is arranged in the described column air bag 11, on this balloonet 14, be provided with the air valve 15 that is communicated to atmosphere, this air valve 15 surpasses predetermined value at inside and outside differential pressure and (opens such as 50～150kPa) time, avoid the spirality air bag to break because of overpressure.

Described balloonet 14 is connected with air supplying pump (figure does not show), this air supplying pump is controlled by a pressure transducer, pressure transducer is arranged in spirality air bag or the balloonet, when column air bag 11 pressure are lower than predetermined value, the control air supplying pump is opened, replenish air to balloonet 14, make balloonet expand and replenish, to keep the stable dynamics profile of column air bag 11 because of the pressure that column air bag 11 is revealed or other reason reduces.

The power of air supplying pump can be provided by ground, also can be provided by the power generating equipment that is arranged on spirality air bag top or bottom.A scheme is that a small-sized wind energy generating plant is set at the top of spirality air bag, and this wind energy generating plant comprises a small-sized spirality air bag, and the Hand of spiral of this ballonet is opposite with air vesicle Hand of spiral, is left-handed in the present embodiment.Ballonet is connected in a rotating disk, and this rotating disk is connected with the motor shaft that is connected in the motor that is fixed in the air vesicle top, can drive this generator for electricity generation.Ballonet can make generator obtain double power owing to opposite with the rotary orientation of air vesicle, and available less power generating equipment guarantees the power supply of air supplying pump.And ballonet of the present invention is because volume is less, and leakage point is less, can guarantee working life long period and without make-up gas.In addition, between generator and the air supplying pump conventional being electrically connected, also electric accumulator can be set between the two, those skilled in the art promptly can realize such scheme according to record of the present invention, this does not give unnecessary details.

Referring to Fig. 3, can be provided with covering 13 on the surface of described column air bag 11, can improve the surface strength of air bag.This skin material can be etramee, and etramee has in light weight, anti-uv-ray, anti-water logging ability advantages of higher, thus can prolong life-span of wind energy receiving device greatly.

Fig. 4 is wind energy receiving device second an embodiment's of the present invention side structure schematic representation, and Fig. 5 is the plan view of Fig. 4.

As Fig. 4, shown in Figure 5, the double helix surface of this spirality air bag 20 is the drawing rope 22 that is provided with by cylindrical air bag inner apparent surface tractives and forming successively, each drawing rope 22 evenly distributes from top to bottom, and the angle that along the circumferential direction staggers successively each other, curl is arranged, thereby in cylindrical air bag, form two air bag cavitys 24 that communicate with each other, and form the double helix surface at cylindrical gasbag outer surface.

Drawing rope 22 shown in Figure 5 is a row, in fact drawing rope can be arranged in as required two row or two row more than.

This embodiment's wind energy receiving device, because spirality air bag 20 is to be formed through the tractive distortion by a cylindrical air bag, do not need as first embodiment, will and fix with two air bags windings, its processing is relatively easy, profile is also more stable, and can be by the length of control drawing rope and the width of drawing rope arranged side by side, the shape of adjusting color screw shape air bag, change blowing area, adapt to the varying environment condition.

In spirality air bag 20, also balloonet 23 can be set,, a balloonet can only be set, and counterweight be set, the dynamic balancing when guaranteeing the rotation of spirality air bag in symmetrical position because two air bag cavitys 24 of spirality air bag 20 communicate with each other in the present embodiment.Also can be as Fig. 4, shown in Figure 5 two balloonets 23 are set.Described balloonet can be illustrated in figure 3 as tubular, is attached at air bag cavity 24 inwalls; Also can be the layer that covers that periphery is pasted on air bag cavity 24 inwalls, and constitute described balloonet with the inwall of air bag cavity.

Be provided with six tow ropes 21 on spirality air bag 20 surfaces, the same with first embodiment, tow rope 21 tops are connected the spiral salient position on spirality air bag 20 tops, be connected to the lug boss of this spirality air bag 20 in the middle of the tow rope 21 successively, tow rope 21 lower ends are connected to a drive unit, as a bogie (figure does not show), this bogie is connected in generator shaft, and can swing (its concrete structure can relate to) in another patent of invention of the inventor with the swing of spirality air bag, when this spirality air bag wind-engaging rotary driving, can drive generator for electricity generation by bogie.

Fig. 6 is wind energy receiving device the 3rd an embodiment's of the present invention plan view.

As shown in Figure 6, the double helix surface of described spirality air bag 30 is to be spiraled bonding along relative neutral position or sewed up and form by a cylindrical air bag.And similar with first embodiment, all be fixing by tow rope 31.In the present embodiment, balloonet is not set.Balloonet is not to dispose in the present invention, in the smaller place of some environmental change (as temperature, pressure), can still can guarantee the life-span that air bag is higher without balloonet yet.All the other structures of the present invention and first embodiment are similar, repeat no more.

The above only is a preferred implementation of the present invention; should be understood that; for those skilled in the art; under the prerequisite that does not break away from the principle of the invention; can also make some improvements and modifications; also above-mentioned technology contents can be combined to form other technological scheme, these improvements and modifications, and the other technologies scheme that forms also should be considered as protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. floating type wind energy receiving device is characterized in that comprising:

One spirality air bag has the double helix surface, interior dress light gas;

Several tow ropes are vertically arranged along described spirality air bag respectively, and are connected in each convex outer surface of air bag successively, and the drive unit that the lower end of each tow rope and is used to drive generator links to each other.

2. floating type wind energy receiving device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the double helix surface of described spirality air bag is to be entwined mutually by two column air bags, and two column air bag connecting parts are connected to each other.

3. floating type wind energy receiving device according to claim 2 is characterized in that: the sectional shape of described column air bag is rounded or oval.

4. according to claim 2 or 3 described floating type wind energy receiving devices, it is characterized in that: adopt stay cord to connect or bonding connection between the described column air bag.

5. floating type wind energy receiving device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the double helix surface of described spirality air bag be the drawing rope that is oppositely arranged by portion surface within it by a cylindrical air bag successively tractive form, the angle that staggers successively between each drawing rope, curl is arranged.

6. floating type wind energy receiving device according to claim 5 is characterized in that: described drawing rope is at least two rows.

7. floating type wind energy receiving device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the double helix surface of described spirality air bag is to be spiraled bonding along the centre or sewed up and form by a cylindrical air bag.

8. according to each described floating type wind energy receiving device among claim 1-3 and the 5-7, it is characterized in that: also comprise balloonet, this balloonet is arranged in the described spirality air bag, is provided with the air valve that is communicated to atmosphere on this balloonet, and this air valve is opened when inside and outside differential pressure surpasses predetermined value.

9. floating type wind energy receiving device according to claim 8 is characterized in that: described balloonet is connected with air supplying pump, and this air supplying pump is by a pressure transducer control that is provided with in spirality air bag or balloonet.

10. according to each described floating type wind energy receiving device among claim 1-3 and the 5-7, it is characterized in that: the surface at described spirality air bag is provided with covering.

11. floating type wind energy receiving device according to claim 10 is characterized in that: this skin material is an etramee.

12. according to each described floating type wind energy receiving device among claim 1-3 and the 5-7, it is characterized in that: described light gas is hydrogen or helium.