CN101948682B - 一种反相堆积的油井防偏磨、缓蚀清防垢剂 - Google Patents
一种反相堆积的油井防偏磨、缓蚀清防垢剂 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
反相堆积的油井防偏磨、缓蚀清防垢剂,应用于油井缓蚀清防垢。各组分重量百分比为:伊枯草菌素A:6.75~8.25%;地衣芽孢杆菌:8.15~11.15%;芬荠素:6.25~7.75%;β-胡萝卜素:0.01~0.03%;维生素C:0.01~0.03%;亚硝酸钠:0.5~0.75%;其余为水。效果是:制备的清防垢剂应用于油井,解决含水大于45%油井偏磨、腐蚀、结垢问题,油井加量为150mg/l的情况下,平均延长检泵周期2.15倍。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及石油工业用化学品技术领域,尤其涉及一种缓蚀清防垢剂及其制备方法,是一种反相堆积的油井防偏磨、缓蚀清防垢剂。
背景技术
目前,随着油田开发的不断深入,新投入开发区块斜井增多,老油田油井含水逐年上升,抽油机井杆管偏磨、腐蚀、结垢问题日趋严重,已成为油井频繁检泵的主要原因。技术人员采取了多种防偏磨、防腐防垢措施,取得了一定的成效,但存在一定的局限性。比如:
刘北羿发表在2008年第14期中小企业科技杂志上的油井防偏磨配套技术在现河庄油田的应用一文中针对现河庄油田油井生产周期短、偏磨躺井频繁、偏磨严重的现状,探索了油井防偏磨配套技术.根据偏磨机理,在继续应用常规扶正类技术模式的基础上,发展了支撑扶正类和抗磨油管类技术模式,并与油管在线检测及陀螺测斜等防偏磨辅助技术相结合,形成了油井防偏磨配套技术。自2006年以来,在现河庄油田共开展偏磨井治理711井次,治理井生产周期明显延长,折算减少偏磨躺井296井次,减少作业成本近3000×104元。
马兴芹等人发表在2006年第1期西南石油学院杂志上的高含水期的一种防腐阻垢新技术一文中指出:油田进入高含水开发后,采油设备的腐蚀结垢现象日趋严重,给油田的开发带来了很大的经济损失。由于从井口加入液体缓蚀阻垢剂存在很多缺点,因此提出了在油井中使用固体缓蚀阻垢剂的防腐阻垢新方法。以纯化油田为例,介绍了固体缓蚀阻垢剂的研制方法在分析其腐位结垢原因的基础上,进行固体缓蚀阻垢剂的研制,在现场应用后获得了较好的防腐阻垢效果。
崔付义发表在2009年第5期油气田地面工程上的新型固体缓蚀阻垢技术一文中认为:油田开发后期,油井腐蚀结垢现象日益突出,严重缩短了检泵周期,增加了作业工作量。针对这一问题,研制开发了一种悬挂在油井泵下的缓释全溶型固体缓蚀阻垢技术,通过在温米油田现场应用,具有明显的防腐防垢效果。固体缓蚀阻垢剂可直接投加在油管内,悬挂在泵下,并且安全可靠、省时省力,一次投加有效周期长,可有效减缓腐蚀速率,延长油管的使用寿命,该技术对油田后期开采有较高的推广应用价值。
技术人员在研究中发现,无论直井还是斜井,在油井低含水期腐蚀、偏磨、结垢等现象很少,如果能想办法将高含水期油井产出液变成W/O乳状液,从理论上能从根本上解决油井腐蚀、偏磨、结垢的问题。
发明内容
本发明的目的是:提供一种反相堆积的油井防偏磨、缓蚀清防垢剂及其制备方法。从油套环空中加入到油井中,解决含水大于45%的油井偏磨、腐蚀、结垢问题。
本发明反相堆积的油井防偏磨、缓蚀清防垢剂采用的技术方案是:
一、反相堆积的油井防偏磨、缓蚀清防垢剂的原料:
原料包括:
1、伊枯草菌素A(Iturins)(工业品),杨福廷撰写的“脂肽类生物表面活性剂研究进展”,发表在《精细化工》2006年第2期124页。
性质:可以抑制部分细菌,但是却表现出强烈的抑制真菌作用,试验表明它可以抑制绝大多数的真菌和酵母。此后有很多科学家从Bacillus subtilis里分离出了抗菌物质,如mycosubtilin,bacillomycin L,bacillomycin D,以及bacillomycin F,并且它们的结构已经被阐明。这些化合物具有相同的结构特征和生化特性,被称作是“iturin脂肽家族”,通常被称作是’Iturins’。iturin中存在一个β-氨基脂肪酸(C14-C17),7个α-氨基酸残基和1个β-氨基脂肪酸连成一个环,并且这个环肽的手性顺序是LDDLLDL,其中D-Tyr2和D-Asn3这两个氨基酸残基的构型是不变化的。
用途:伊枯草菌素A是最早最著名的抗微生物活性的生物表面活性剂之一。与表面活性剂相比,微生物表面活性剂具有降低表面张力,稳定乳化液和增加泡沫等作用外,还具备一些表面活性剂所不具备的无毒、生物降解性和更强的表面和界面活性、对热的稳定性、对离子强度的稳定性、破乳性、在极端pH下也有效等优点。微生物表面活性剂的这些特点尤其适用于石油工业和环境工程。如石油的降解、提高原油的采收率、重油污染土壤的生物修复等。另外微生物表面活性剂作为天然添加剂,在食品工业、精细化工、化妆品、纺织制造业、除污剂以及农业方面都有广泛的应用
生产厂家:北京市捷博特能源技术有限公司
2、地衣芽孢杆菌素(Bacillus licheniformis Su),(工业品),张翠竹撰写的“一种脂肽类生物表面活性剂的理化性质及其对原油的作用”,发表于2000年第2期《油田化学》第172~176页。
性质及用途:地衣芽孢杆菌素是由地衣芽孢杆菌,在含糖培养基中培养可产生一种脂肽类生物表面活性剂,在pH 4-12的范围内和4000mg/L的高钙离子浓度及15%的高盐浓度下仍维持原有表面活性。更为显著的特点是在120℃的高温下不失活。该产物可将水的表面张力由76.6降至35.5mN/m。其乳化活性值为1.50,临界胶束浓度(CMC值)为30.0mg/L。对高含胶质沥青质油的降粘率高达50%以上,增溶与脱附作用显著,可使油水互溶而形成水包油型乳化小滴。可使高含蜡油有效地乳化分散。这些特点有利于原油的增采和输送。
生产厂家:北京市捷博特能源技术有限公司
3、芬荠素(Fengycin)(工业品),
杨世忠撰写的“环脂肽氨基酸顺序的质谱测定”,发表于2004年第21期《化学学报》第2200~2204页。
芬荠素是一种脂肽类生物表面活性剂,是微生物在一定条件下培养时,在其代谢过程中分泌出来的具有一定表面活性的代谢产物,如糖脂、多糖蛋白脂、脂肽、磷脂和脂肪酸中性类脂衍生物等。它们与一般表面活性剂分子在结构上类似,即在分子中不仅有脂肪烃链构成的非极性憎水基,同时也含有极性的亲水基。在医药、微生物采油、环境治理等领域有重要的应用前景
生产厂家:北京市捷博特能源技术有限公司
4、β-胡萝卜素(工业品),β-胡萝卜素(C40H56)是类胡萝卜素之一,也是橘黄色脂溶性化合物,它是自然界中最普遍存在也是最稳定的天然色素。许多天然食物中例如:绿色蔬菜、甘薯、胡萝卜、菠菜、木瓜、芒果等,皆存有丰富的β-胡萝卜素。β-胡萝卜素是一种抗氧化剂,具有解毒作用,是维护人体健康不可缺少的营养素,在抗癌、预防心血管疾病、白内障及抗氧化上有显著的功能,并进而防止老化和衰老引起的多种退化性疾病。
生产厂家:郑州荔诺生物科技有限公司。
5、维生素C(工业品);是一种水溶性的强有力的抗氧化剂。
6、亚硝酸钠(工业品);
7、水。
反相堆积的油井防偏磨、缓蚀清防垢剂的各组分重量百分比为:
1、伊枯草菌素A(Iturins),(工业品):6.75~8.25%;
2、地衣芽孢杆菌(Bacillomycin),(工业品):8.15~11.15%;
3、芬荠素(Fengycin),(工业品):6.25~7.75%;
4、β-胡萝卜素(工业品):0.01~0.03%;
5、维生素C(工业品):0.01~0.03%;
6、亚硝酸钠(工业品):0.5~0.75%;
7、其余为水。
反相堆积的油井防偏磨、缓蚀清防垢剂的制备方法
主要设备:具有搅拌、加热、冷却及真空系统的2000L搪瓷反应釜。
生产方法:首先,将伊枯草菌素A、地衣芽孢杆菌和芬荠素按比例加入搪瓷反应釜。缓慢升温到45~50℃。其次,在不断搅拌下先加入需要加入水的10%继续搅拌30分钟,再依次按比例加入维生素C、β-胡萝卜素、亚硝酸钠,边加边搅拌,搅拌3小时后,最后加入剩余部分的水并搅拌30分钟,停止加热,边冷却边搅拌,冷却至常温,得到反相堆积的油井防偏磨、缓蚀清防垢剂。
反相堆积的油井防偏磨、缓蚀清防垢剂的使用方法
按油井产液量定期从油套环空加入油井中。
本发明的有益效果:本发明反相堆积的油井防偏磨、缓蚀清防垢剂,解决含水大于45%油井偏磨、腐蚀、结垢问题,油井加量为150mg/l的情况下,20余口井平均延长检泵周期2.37倍。
具体实施方式
实施例1:反相堆积的油井防偏磨、缓蚀清防垢剂的各组分重量百分比为:
1、伊枯草菌素A(Iturins),(工业品):8.25%;
2、地衣芽孢杆菌(Bacillomycin),(工业品):8.2%;
3、芬荠素(Fengycin),(工业品):6.25%;
4、β-胡萝卜素(工业品):0.01%;
5、维生素C(工业品):0.01%;
6、亚硝酸钠(工业品):0.5%;
7、水:76.78%。
在含水为45-55%的5口油井上应用,在加量为150mg/l时油井检泵周期延长1.98倍。
实施例2:反相堆积的油井防偏磨、缓蚀清防垢剂的各组分重量百分比为:
1、伊枯草菌素A(Iturins),(工业品):7.6%;
2、地衣芽孢杆菌(Bacillomycin),(工业品):8.7%;
3、芬荠素(Fengycin),(工业品):6.6%;
4、β-胡萝卜素(工业品):0.03%;
5、维生素C(工业品):0.03%;
6、亚硝酸钠(工业品):0.6%;
7、其余为水。
在含水为55-65%的4口油井上应用,在加量为150mg/l时油井检泵周期延长2.45倍。
实施例3:反相堆积的油井防偏磨、缓蚀清防垢剂的各组分重量百分比为:
1、伊枯草菌素A(Iturins),(工业品):7.0%;
2、地衣芽孢杆菌(Bacillomycin),(工业品):10.3%;
3、芬荠素(Fengycin),(工业品):7.0%;
4、β-胡萝卜素(工业品):0.01%;
5、维生素C(工业品):0.01%;
6、亚硝酸钠(工业品):0.65%;
7、水:75.03%。
在含水为65-75%的3口油井上应用,在加量为150mg/l时油井检泵周期延长2.17倍。
实施例4:反相堆积的油井防偏磨、缓蚀清防垢剂的各组分重量百分比为:
1、伊枯草菌素A(Iturins),(工业品):6.9%;
2、地衣芽孢杆菌(Bacillomycin),(工业品):10.5%;
3、芬荠素(Fengycin),(工业品):7.4%;
4、β-胡萝卜素(工业品):0.03%;
5、维生素C(工业品):0.03%;
6、亚硝酸钠(工业品):0.7%;
7、水:74.44%。
在含水为75-80%的5口油井上应用,在加量为150mg/l时油井检泵周期延长2.34倍。
实施例5:反相堆积的油井防偏磨、缓蚀清防垢剂的各组分重量百分比为:
1、伊枯草菌素A(Iturins),(工业品):6.95%;
2、地衣芽孢杆菌(Bacillomycin),(工业品):11.15%;
3、芬荠素(Fengycin),(工业品):7.55%;
4、β-胡萝卜素(工业品):0.02%;
5、维生素C(工业品):0.02%;
6、亚硝酸钠(工业品):0.75%;
7、水:73.56%。
在含水为80-90%的5口油井上应用,在加量为150mg/l时油井检泵周期延长2.84倍。
Claims (2)
1.一种反相堆积的油井防偏磨、缓蚀清防垢剂,其特征在于:各组分重量百分比为:
伊枯草菌素A:6.75~8.25%;
地衣芽孢杆菌:8.15~11.15%;
芬荠素:6.25~7.75%;
β-胡萝卜素:0.01~0.03%;
维生素C:0.01~0.03%;
亚硝酸钠:0.5~0.75%;
其余为水。
2.根据权利要求1所述的反相堆积的油井防偏磨、缓蚀清防垢剂,其特征是:其制备方法是:首先,将伊枯草菌素A、地衣芽孢杆菌和芬荠素按比例加入搪瓷反应釜;缓慢升温到45~50℃;其次,在不断搅拌下先加入需要加入水的10%继续搅拌30分钟,再依次按比例加入维生素C、β-胡萝卜素、亚硝酸钠,边加边搅拌,搅拌3小时后,最后加入剩余部分的水并搅拌30分钟,停止加热,边冷却边搅拌,冷却至常温,得到反相堆积的油井防偏磨、缓蚀清防垢剂。
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