CN101944597A - Method for preparing carbon aerogel cladded LiMnPo4/C - Google Patents
Method for preparing carbon aerogel cladded LiMnPo4/C Download PDFInfo
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- CN101944597A CN101944597A CN2010102661570A CN201010266157A CN101944597A CN 101944597 A CN101944597 A CN 101944597A CN 2010102661570 A CN2010102661570 A CN 2010102661570A CN 201010266157 A CN201010266157 A CN 201010266157A CN 101944597 A CN101944597 A CN 101944597A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for preparing a carbon aerogel cladded lithium ion battery anode material LiMnPo4/C, which takes lithium salt, manganate, phosphate, polyphenol compounds and aldehyde compounds as raw materials and comprises the preparation of gel and drying, ball-milling and calcining processes. The method is characterized in that: the preparation of the gel comprises the steps of adding solution prepared from the polyphenol compounds, lithium salt and the phosphate according to a ratio into solution prepared from the aldehyde compounds and the manganate according to a ratio, adding a catalyst into the mixed solution, stirring at a constant temperature to obtain sol, heating and drying to obtain dry gel, and the LiMnPo4/C can be prepared by ball milling the dry gel and calcining the milled product for a certain time period at a constant temperature in the reducing atmosphere. The method the advantages that: the synthesis speed is high; and the composite has high discharge capacity at a high rate, a high voltage level, a stable structure, high circulation performance, contains no heavy metal and is an environmentally-friendly material.
Description
One, technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of preparation method of lithium ion battery composite cathode material, particularly a kind of charcoal-aero gel coated lithium ion battery composite positive pole LiMnPO
4The preparation method of/C.
Two, technical background
The LiMnPO of olivine structural
4Can reversibly embed and deviate from lithium ion, be considered to one of alternative electrode material of lithium ion battery.Show that after deliberation this material has following advantage: the raw material cheapness does not contain heavy metal, aboundresources, environmental friendliness; Operating voltage height (4.1V), platform identity is good; Theoretical capacity is big, Stability Analysis of Structures, and security performance is good; High-temperature behavior and good cycle; To reach storge quality well good with most of electrolyte system compatibilities.
Preparation LiMnPO
4Method mainly contain solid phase method, sol-gal process, microwave process for synthesizing, oxidation-reduction method and hydro thermal method etc.About LiMnPO
4The comparison of the research of solid-phase synthesis early, but its synthetic method time is long, heat utilization ratio is low, particle is inhomogeneous and occur the impurity phase of manganese easily.LiMnPO
4Microwave method and hydro thermal method because of shortcomings such as its output are little, be difficult to carry out suitability for industrialized production.And the sol-gal process advantage is that its precursor solution chemistry uniformity is fine, the gel heat treatment temperature is low, equipment is simple, the powder handling performance is good etc.
For anode material for lithium-ion batteries LiMnPO
4The problem that ionic conductance and electron conductivity are lower, method of modifying commonly used have coating and mix.Be often referred to the carbon coating and coat, carbon source commonly used has sucrose, glucose etc., and main some high volence metal ions that mix mix.
Charcoal-aero gel is a kind of novel nanoporous amorphous raw material of wood-charcoal material, and it has characteristics such as good electrical conductivity, high-specific surface area, high porosity, homogeneous nanostructure and strong corrosion resistant.
Three, summary of the invention
The present invention aims to provide a kind of charcoal-aero gel coated lithium ion battery positive electrode LiMnPO
4The preparation method, technical problem to be solved is effectively to improve lithium ion battery material LiMnPO
4The preparation method of discharge performance under the high magnification condition.
The alleged charcoal-aero gel of the present invention is meant that fast reaction under the organic catalyst existence condition generates Gel Precursor by polyphenol compound and aldehyde compound, forms equally distributed mesh structural porous structural material through the calcining back.
This composite positive pole LiMnPO
4The preparation method of/C, with lithium salts, manganese salt, phosphate, polyphenol compound and aldehyde compound are raw material, comprise the preparation of gel, dry, ball milling and each unit process of calcining, difference with the prior art is with lithium salts, the solution that phosphate and polyphenol compound are made in distilled water by 1: 1: 0.1～0.5 mol ratio, with mixing back adding organic catalyst by the solution that 1: 0.2～1 mol ratio is made in distilled water by manganese salt and aldehyde compound, wherein the molar ratio of polyphenol compound and organic catalyst is 10～1300, and with ammoniacal liquor adjust pH 3～10 in 50～90 ℃ down reaction obtained gel in 4～24 hours, to obtain xerogel after the gel drying dehydration, the xerogel ball milling was obtained powder in 4～12h hour, with powder in reducing atmosphere, calcined at least 8 hours down, just obtain charcoal-aero gel coated lithium ion battery composite positive pole LiMnPO for 500～800 ℃
4/ C.
Described lithium salts is selected from a kind of in lithium hydroxide, lithium chloride, lithium oxalate, lithium carbonate, lithium dihydrogen phosphate, lithium acetate or the tert-butyl alcohol lithium.
Described manganese salt is selected from a kind of in manganese sulfate, manganese carbonate, manganese nitrate or the manganese chloride.
Described phosphate is selected from a kind of in lithium dihydrogen phosphate, ammonium phosphate, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate or the diammonium hydrogen phosphate.
Described polyphenol compound is selected from a kind of in resorcinol, catechol or the hydroquinones, wherein preferred resorcinol.
Described aldehyde compound is selected from a kind of in formaldehyde, furfural, acetaldehyde or the glyoxal, wherein preferred formaldehyde.
Described organic catalyst is selected from citric acid, tartaric acid, DL-malic acid, ascorbic acid, gluconic acid, ethanedioic acid, malonic acid, perhaps a kind of by in the mixed acid of 1: 1 mixed in molar ratio of succinic acid and aminosuccinic acid.
Described reducing atmosphere is meant the atmosphere of the mist of reducibility gas hydrogen or CO and inert nitrogen gas, helium or argon gas.The percent by volume 5～10% of reducing gas.Gas flow is decided on the calciner size.
The concrete operations step is as follows:
1, be 1: 1: 0.1～0.5 ratio wiring solution-forming with lithium salts, phosphate, polyphenol compound according to mol ratio; Is 1: 0.2～1 ratio wiring solution-forming with manganese salt and aldehyde compound according to mol ratio, two kinds of solution are mixed the back add organic catalyst, wherein the molar ratio of polyphenol compound and organic catalyst is 10～1300, and constant temperature stirs, and regulates pH value 3～10;
2, the mixed solution that obtains in above-mentioned 1 step is stirred 4～24h at 50～90 ℃ of constant temperature, make gel;
3,, 100～150 ℃ of vacuumizes, slough aqueous solvent, obtain xerogel with the gel of making in above-mentioned 2 steps;
4, with the xerogel of making in above-mentioned 3 steps, ball milling 4～12h on planetary ball mill, rotating speed are 300～700r/min;
5, with the powder in above-mentioned 4 steps, 500～800 ℃ of calcination under protection of reducing atmosphere.Constant temperature 8 hours at least under calcination temperature.Cooling is cooled to room temperature, can obtain powder LiMnPO
4/ C composite material.
The present invention has following advantage:
1, the in-situ composite LiMnPO that synthesizes of the present invention
4/ C, carbon source is selected from charcoal-aero gel, has advantages such as the nanostructure of good electrical conductivity, low-resistance coefficient, homogeneous and high-specific surface area, is fit to be anode material for lithium-ion batteries LiMnPO
4Carbon source.
2, the present invention adopts sol-gal process to make the raw material mixing reach molecular level even atom level level, mixes.Help the synthetic good material of consistency of performance.
3, the equal wide material sources of raw material are cheap; Simple to operation, the time is short, and the building-up process energy consumption is low, meets the new forms of energy demand for development.
4, the material discharging prepared of the method is functional, also shows good performance under the high magnification.First discharge specific capacity reached 155mAh/g when it discharged at 0.1C, and when discharge-rate was brought up to 1C, 2C, 5C, its first discharge specific capacity reached 125mAh/g, 111mAh/g, 100mAh/g respectively.
5, this composite material cycle performance is good, the voltage platform height, and charge-discharge performance is stable; And do not contain heavy metal, pollution-free, be environmentally friendly material.
Four, description of drawings
Fig. 1 is according to the prepared LiMnPO of embodiment
4The XRD figure of/C composite material.
Fig. 2 is according to the prepared LiMnPO of embodiment
4The SEM figure of/C composite material.
Fig. 3 is according to the prepared LiMnPO of embodiment
4/ C composite material is transferred electrograph in the 1C condition.
Five, embodiment
Embodiment 1
1) takes by weighing 0.02mol resorcinol, 0.2mol lithium hydroxide, 0.2mol ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, be mixed with solution, join in the solution that is mixed with by 0.04mol formalin and 0.2mol manganese carbonate, add 0.002mol organic catalyst citric acid.Mixed solution stirred 6 hours at 80 ℃ of constant temperature, and to regulate the pH value with ammoniacal liquor be about 8.9, was stirred to the formation gel;
2) with behind the 150 ℃ of vacuumize 3h of gel that make, solvent evaporated obtains xerogel; Ball milling 6h on planetary ball mill then, rotating speed is 600r/min.In 700 ℃ of calcination 10h, gas flow is 0.1-10L/min under the reducing atmosphere protection in abundant grinding back.Cooling is cooled to room temperature, can obtain coating the LiMnPO of charcoal-aero gel
4/ C composite material.
The prepared composite material of said method is made electrode according to following method, and carry out battery pack dress and charge-discharge test.
Then with positive electrode LiMnPO
4: acetylene black: binding agent=mix at 80: 10: 10, ball milling is even.Be mixed into slurry with nmp solvent then, be put on the aluminium foil with scraper is deposited, paint electrode, 120 ℃ of vacuumize 24h behind the taking-up compressing tablet, obtain the lithium ion battery positive plate.With above-mentioned LiMnPO
4/ C is a positive electrode, and the pure metal lithium sheet is a negative pole, and Cellgard2400 is a barrier film, 1mol/LLiPF
6EC/DMC solution be electrolyte.In being full of the glove box of argon gas, this electrode slice, barrier film and metal lithium sheet are assembled into button cell, do the constant current charge-discharge loop test at (the new Weir in Shenzhen Electronics Co., Ltd.) high accuracy battery test macro then.According to calculating, the LiMnPO among this embodiment
4/ C composite material reversible specific capacity value under the 0.1C multiplying power is 155mAh/g.
Embodiment 2
1) takes by weighing 0.1mol resorcinol, 0.2mol lithium oxalate, 0.2mol ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, be mixed with solution, join in the solution that is mixed with by 0.2mol acetaldehyde solution and 0.2mol manganese oxalate, add 0.002mol organic catalyst tartaric acid.Mixed solution stirred 8 hours at 70 ℃ of constant temperature, and to regulate the pH value with ammoniacal liquor be about 6.0, was stirred to the formation gel;
2) with behind the 140 ℃ of vacuumize 3.5h of gel that make, solvent evaporated obtains xerogel; Ball milling 5h on planetary ball mill then, rotating speed is 700r/min.In 650 ℃ of calcination 11h, gas flow is 0.1-10L/min under the reducing atmosphere protection in abundant grinding back.Cooling is cooled to room temperature, can obtain coating the LiMnPO of charcoal-aero gel
4/ C composite material.
Make electrode according to the method step among the embodiment 1, and carry out battery pack dress and charge-discharge test.
Embodiment 3
1) takes by weighing 0.04mol and face benzenediol, 0.1mol lithium carbonate, 0.2mol ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, be mixed with solution, join in the solution that is mixed with by 0.08mol formalin and 0.2mol manganese sulfate, add 0.0002mol organic catalyst DL-malic acid.Mixed solution stirred 14 hours at 65 ℃ of constant temperature, and to regulate the pH value with ammoniacal liquor be about 6.5., was stirred to the formation gel;
2) with behind the 150 ℃ of vacuumize 3h of gel that make, solvent evaporated obtains xerogel; Ball milling 10h on planetary ball mill then, rotating speed is 400r/min.In 750 ℃ of calcination 8h, gas flow is 0.1-10L/min under the reducing atmosphere protection in abundant grinding back.Cooling is cooled to room temperature, can obtain coating the LiMnPO of charcoal-aero gel
4/ C composite material.
Make electrode according to the method step among the embodiment 1, and carry out battery pack dress and charge-discharge test.
Embodiment 4
1) takes by weighing 0.06mol hydroquinones, 0.2mol lithium chloride, 0.2mol ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, be mixed with solution, join in the solution that is mixed with by 0.06mol glyoxal solution and 0.2mol manganese chloride, add 0.0002mol organic catalyst gluconic acid.Mixed solution stirred 8 hours at 80 ℃ of constant temperature, and to regulate the pH value with ammoniacal liquor be about 10.0, was stirred to the formation gel;
2) with behind the 100 ℃ of vacuumize 5h of gel that make, solvent evaporated obtains xerogel; Ball milling 10h on planetary ball mill then, rotating speed is 500r/min.In 650 ℃ of calcination 15h, gas flow is 0.1-10L/min under the reducing atmosphere protection in abundant grinding back.Cooling is cooled to room temperature, can obtain coating the LiMnPO of charcoal-aero gel
4/ C composite material.
Make electrode according to the method step among the embodiment 1, and carry out battery pack dress and charge-discharge test.
Embodiment 5
1) takes by weighing 0.08mol resorcinol, 0.2mol lithium acetate, 0.2mol diammonium hydrogen phosphate, be mixed with solution, join in the solution that is mixed with by 0.16mol formalin and 0.2mol manganese acetate, add 0.0002mol organic catalyst tartaric acid.Mixed solution stirred 6 hours at 85 ℃ of constant temperature, and to regulate the pH value with ammoniacal liquor be about 9.0, was stirred to the formation gel;
2) with behind the 140 ℃ of vacuumize 4.5h of gel that make, solvent evaporated obtains xerogel; Ball milling 12h on planetary ball mill then, rotating speed is 300r/min.In 600 ℃ of calcination 17h, gas flow is 0.1-10L/min under the reducing atmosphere protection in abundant grinding back.Cooling is cooled to room temperature, can obtain coating the LiMnPO of charcoal-aero gel
4/ C composite material.
Make electrode according to the method step among the embodiment 1, and carry out battery pack dress and charge-discharge test.
Embodiment 6
1) takes by weighing 0.02mol hydroquinones, 0.1mol tert-butyl alcohol lithium, 0.1mol ammonium phosphate, be mixed with solution, join in the solution that is mixed with by 0.04mol acetaldehyde solution and 0.1mol manganese carbonate, add 0.0002mol organic catalyst ascorbic acid.Mixed solution stirred 20 hours at 55 ℃ of constant temperature, and to regulate the pH value with ammoniacal liquor be about 8.0, was stirred to the formation gel;
2) with behind the 150 ℃ of vacuumize 3h of gel that make, solvent evaporated obtains xerogel; Ball milling 6h on planetary ball mill then, rotating speed is 500r/min.In 550 ℃ of calcination 18h, gas flow is 0.1-10L/min under the reducing atmosphere protection in abundant grinding back.Cooling is cooled to room temperature, can obtain coating the LiMnPO of charcoal-aero gel
4/ C composite material.
Make electrode according to the method step among the embodiment 1, and carry out battery pack dress and charge-discharge test.
Embodiment 7
1) takes by weighing 0.03mol resorcinol, 0.1mol lithium hydroxide, be mixed with solution, join in the solution that is mixed with by 0.06mol furfural solution and 0.1mol manganese phosphate, add 0.0001mol organic catalyst ethanedioic acid.Mixed solution stirred 24 hours at 50 ℃ of constant temperature, and to regulate the pH value with ammoniacal liquor be about 7.5, was stirred to the formation gel;
2) with behind the 130 ℃ of vacuumize 4h of gel that make, solvent evaporated obtains xerogel; Ball milling 4h on planetary ball mill then, rotating speed is 700r/min.In 800 ℃ of calcination 13h, gas flow is 0.1-10L/min under the reducing atmosphere protection in abundant grinding back.Cooling is cooled to room temperature, can obtain coating the LiMnPO of charcoal-aero gel
4/ C composite material.
Make electrode according to the method step among the embodiment 1, and carry out battery pack dress and charge-discharge test.
1) takes by weighing 0.13mol catechol, 0.26mol lithium dihydrogen phosphate, be mixed with solution, join in the solution that is mixed with by 0.13mol glyoxal solution and 0.26mol manganese nitrate, add 0.0001mol organic catalyst malonic acid.Mixed solution stirred 20 hours at 75 ℃ of constant temperature, and to regulate the pH value with ammoniacal liquor be about 8.0, was stirred to the formation gel;
2) with behind the 120 ℃ of vacuumize 4h of gel that make, solvent evaporated obtains xerogel; Ball milling 10h on planetary ball mill then, rotating speed is 400r/min.In 650 ℃ of calcination 20h, gas flow is 0.1-10L/min under the reducing atmosphere protection in abundant grinding back.Cooling is cooled to room temperature, can obtain coating the LiMnPO of charcoal-aero gel
4/ C composite material.
Make electrode according to the method step among the embodiment 1, and carry out battery pack dress and charge-discharge test.
Embodiment 9
1) takes by weighing 0.04mol resorcinol, 0.1mol lithium acetate, 0.1mol ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, be mixed with solution, join in the solution that is mixed with by 0.06mol formalin and 0.1mol manganese carbonate, add 0.0001mol organic catalyst succinic acid and aminosuccinic acid mixed acid by 1: 1 mixed in molar ratio.Mixed solution stirred 4 hours at 90 ℃ of constant temperature, and to regulate the pH value with ammoniacal liquor be about 4.0, was stirred to the formation gel;
2) with behind the 110 ℃ of vacuumize 4.5h of gel that make, solvent evaporated obtains xerogel; Ball milling 10h on planetary ball mill then, rotating speed is 500r/min.In 750 ℃ of calcination 12h, gas flow is 0.1-10L/min under the reducing atmosphere protection in abundant grinding back.Cooling is cooled to room temperature, can obtain coating the LiMnPO of charcoal-aero gel
4/ C composite material.
Make electrode according to the method step among the embodiment 1, and carry out battery pack dress and charge-discharge test.
Claims (9)
1. a charcoal-aero gel coats LiMnPO
4The preparation method of/C, with lithium salts, manganese salt and phosphate are raw material, the preparation and the drying that comprise gel, ball milling and each unit process of calcining, it is characterized in that: described preparing gel is with by lithium salts, the solution that phosphate and polyphenol compound are made into by 1: 1: 0.1～0.5 mol ratio mixes the back with the solution that is made into by 1: 0.2～1 mol ratio by manganese salt and aldehyde compound and adds organic catalyst, wherein the molar ratio of polyphenol compound and organic catalyst is 10～1300, and with ammoniacal liquor adjust pH 3～10, reaction obtained gel in 4～24 hours under 50～90 ℃, after 100～150 ℃ of vacuumize dehydrations, obtain xerogel, the xerogel ball milling was obtained powder in 4～12 hours, powder was calcined 8 hours down in 500～800 ℃ in reducing atmosphere at least.
2. preparation method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described organic catalyst is selected from citric acid, tartaric acid, DL-malic acid, ascorbic acid, gluconic acid, ethanedioic acid, malonic acid, perhaps a kind of by in the mixed acid of 1: 1 mixed in molar ratio of succinic acid and aminosuccinic acid.
3. preparation method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described polyphenol compound is selected from a kind of in resorcinol, catechol or the hydroquinones.
4. preparation method according to claim 3 is characterized in that: described polyphenol compound is a resorcinol.
5. preparation method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described aldehyde compound is selected from a kind of in formaldehyde, furfural, acetaldehyde or the glyoxal.
6. preparation method according to claim 5 is characterized in that: described aldehyde compound is a formaldehyde.
7. preparation method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described lithium salts is selected from a kind of in lithium hydroxide, lithium chloride, lithium oxalate, lithium carbonate, lithium dihydrogen phosphate, lithium acetate or the tert-butyl alcohol lithium.
8. preparation method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described manganese salt is selected from a kind of in manganese sulfate, manganese carbonate, manganese nitrate or the manganese chloride.
9. preparation method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described phosphate is selected from a kind of in lithium dihydrogen phosphate, ammonium phosphate, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate or the diammonium hydrogen phosphate.
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103579619A (en) * | 2012-08-07 | 2014-02-12 | 万向电动汽车有限公司 | Method for preparing anode material LiMnPO4 of lithium ion battery |
| CN108305996A (en) * | 2017-12-20 | 2018-07-20 | 中国电力科学研究院有限公司 | A method of improving lithium-rich manganese-based anode material clad uniformity |
| CN108565424A (en) * | 2018-04-13 | 2018-09-21 | 李秋红 | A kind of production method of manganese based composites for electric vehicle |
| CN108840402A (en) * | 2018-03-30 | 2018-11-20 | 东莞理工学院 | A kind of Ti/ charcoal-aero gel/MnO2Electrode and its preparation method and application |
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| CN101645504A (en) * | 2008-08-07 | 2010-02-10 | 赵兵 | Method for preparing lithium iron phosphate of anode material of lithium ion battery |
| CN101774581A (en) * | 2010-01-22 | 2010-07-14 | 中山大学 | Method for preparing tungsten carbide/carbon aerogel composite material by alternate microwave heating |
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2010
- 2010-08-26 CN CN2010102661570A patent/CN101944597B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101645504A (en) * | 2008-08-07 | 2010-02-10 | 赵兵 | Method for preparing lithium iron phosphate of anode material of lithium ion battery |
| CN101774581A (en) * | 2010-01-22 | 2010-07-14 | 中山大学 | Method for preparing tungsten carbide/carbon aerogel composite material by alternate microwave heating |
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103579619A (en) * | 2012-08-07 | 2014-02-12 | 万向电动汽车有限公司 | Method for preparing anode material LiMnPO4 of lithium ion battery |
| CN103579619B (en) * | 2012-08-07 | 2016-08-03 | 万向电动汽车有限公司 | A kind of anode material for lithium-ion batteries LiMnPO4Preparation method |
| CN108305996A (en) * | 2017-12-20 | 2018-07-20 | 中国电力科学研究院有限公司 | A method of improving lithium-rich manganese-based anode material clad uniformity |
| CN108840402A (en) * | 2018-03-30 | 2018-11-20 | 东莞理工学院 | A kind of Ti/ charcoal-aero gel/MnO2Electrode and its preparation method and application |
| CN108840402B (en) * | 2018-03-30 | 2021-08-31 | 东莞理工学院 | Ti/carbon aerogel/MnO2Electrode and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN108565424A (en) * | 2018-04-13 | 2018-09-21 | 李秋红 | A kind of production method of manganese based composites for electric vehicle |
| CN108565424B (en) * | 2018-04-13 | 2019-03-08 | 李秋红 | A kind of production method of manganese based composites for electric vehicle |
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