CN101940874B - Biofilter tower exhaust gas purification system - Google Patents

Biofilter tower exhaust gas purification system Download PDF

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Publication number
CN101940874B
CN101940874B CN2010101190734A CN201010119073A CN101940874B CN 101940874 B CN101940874 B CN 101940874B CN 2010101190734 A CN2010101190734 A CN 2010101190734A CN 201010119073 A CN201010119073 A CN 201010119073A CN 101940874 B CN101940874 B CN 101940874B
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Prior art keywords
tower
filter
exhaust gas
waste gas
filter chamber
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CN2010101190734A
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CN101940874A (en
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张�杰
仰鹏飞
王堃
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WUHAN WISDOM TECHNOLOGY Co Ltd
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Individual
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02ATECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A50/00TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
    • Y02A50/20Air quality improvement or preservation, e.g. vehicle emission control or emission reduction by using catalytic converters

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  • Biological Treatment Of Waste Water (AREA)
  • Treating Waste Gases (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a biofilter tower exhaust gas purification system, which achieves the aim of purification by applying immobilized microorganisms to degradation of harmful and toxic components in the exhaust gas. The system consists of a biofilter tower unit and a spray unit, wherein the biofilter tower unit comprises a tower body, an exhaust inlet on the upper part of the tower body, a plurality of communicated filter chambers which are separated by a plurality of baffles, and a multi-layer surface modified foam ceramic carrier and a purified gas outlet which are arranged in each filter chamber. The system is characterized in that: 1) exhaust gas in a plurality of filter chambers in the filter tower passes through continuously in a sinuous motion track; and 2) an immobilized microorganism carrier adopts the novel surface modified foam ceramic for the first time. The spray unit comprises a pump, a nozzle, a regulating tank, a circulating water tank, a humidity sensor, a controller, a pH meter and the like and ensures proper humidity, nutrition and pH in the filter tower to allow the microorganisms to grow normally. The biofilter tower exhaust gas purification system has the advantages of: 1) good mass transfer performance without open circuit, and easy realization of equipment production; 2) large surface loads and mass loads; 3) large biological loads; 4) good high-concentration toxic pollutant resistance; and 5) capability of realizing ideal empty tower retention time.

Description

The biological filtering tower combined working waste gas cleaning system
Technical field:
The present invention relates to the biological filtering tower combined working waste gas cleaning system, the utilization immobilized microorganism is degraded to the poisonous and harmful composition in the waste gas, thereby reaches the purpose of purification.
Background technology:
Produce large quantity of exhaust gas in numerous commercial processes inevitably, these waste gas should not be recycled, and contain poisonous and hazardous organic matter of multicomponent and inorganic matter usually, and human body and environment are produced harm, cause exhaust emission.
Be used for the technological more of waste gas control at present, several kinds of technology of using always mainly contain absorption process, absorption method, chemical oxidization method, photoelectricity ion method and bioanalysis, and wherein the bioanalysis operating cost is low and can remove multiple harmful substances simultaneously.The biological method purifying exhaust air adopts the technology of immobilized microorganism filtering exhaust usually, and its device (equipment) mainly uses the form of filter tower.Engineering practice and research show; There is the defective of five aspects in these filter towers: 1. because existing in the filter tower to be used for microbial immobilized carrier be the organic or inorganic filler; Mass transfer effect is relatively poor; Cause short circuit easily, need in the actual motion often to stir filler or change filler that clean-up effect is relatively poor and be unfavorable for the equipment production of filter tower; 2. surface loading (being volume load), mass loading (being the quality of the pollutant on the unit volume) are less, so removal ability (unit bed volume get on depollution amount) and clearance are also just less; 3. biological load is less; 4. anti-high concentration toxic pollutant poor-performing; 5. it is shorter that the structural design of filter tower makes the void tower time of staying (be vapor phase contaminants and microorganism time of contact), influences removal ability and clearance.
Summary of the invention:
The objective of the invention is to overcome the defective of five aspects that exist in the existing filter tower, a kind of unique biological filter tower waste gas cleaning system is provided.
The waste gas cleaning system that the present invention is made up of biological filtering tower combined working unit, spray unit, Fig. 1 is its structural representation.
The filter chamber of a plurality of connections that the biological filtering tower combined working unit comprises tower body, is positioned at the exhaust gas inlet on tower body top, separate with some dividing plates, multiple-level surface modification foamed ceramic carrier and the clean gas outlet arranged in each filter chamber.There are two key points this unit: 1. waste gas gets into first filter chamber in the tower body through import; Come downwards to the back, bottom and get into second filter chamber; Get into the 3rd filter chamber after going upward to the top ...; Be that waste gas is sinuous movement locus when under the effect of air-introduced machine, walking a plurality of filter chamber,, improved removal ability and clearance so the void tower time of staying is longer.2. each filter chamber arranging multiplayer surface modification foamed ceramic carrier is used for microbial immobilization.The surface modification foamed ceramic carrier is the method with cold air power spraying and coating, and transition metal oxide (like titanium dioxide) powder particle is bonded in regular-type foam pottery specific surface, forms through hydrophilic treatment again.Hydroxyl in the moisture transition metal oxide can be replaced by the suitable ligand of cell, forms covalent bond, as far as the cell of prokaryotes and fungi, owing on the cell membrane a large amount of polysaccharide are arranged, can be crosslinked through chelation and foamed ceramics grain; For protist and miniature metazoa; Be inlaid with a large amount of protein on the cytoplasma membrane; Amino acid residue on the peptide chain of protein can form covalent bond with the hydroxyl in the moisture transition metal oxide, and this crosslinked action influences the biologically active of cell hardly.Therefore, compare as fixation support with common fillers, the surface modification foamed ceramic carrier has the advantage of four aspects: a, surface loading and mass loading bigger; B, biological load are bigger; C, mass-transfer performance are good, can not be short-circuited; D, the biomembrane through the formation of the immobilized microorganism of absorption-crosslinked complex method; The mechanical strength that tolerance gas impacts is high; With non-toxic pollutant is the microorganism of substrate, because biomembranous specific function has good resistance to the high concentration toxic pollutant.
The spray unit comprises pump, nozzle, allotment case, circulating water pool, humidity sensor and controller, pH appearance etc.Nozzle is installed in the top of each filter chamber, and the bathtub construction of filter tower bottom is as circulating water pool.There are three key points this unit: 1. use controller controlled humidity sensor, when the humidity value in the filter chamber is between designation area, stop spray, when less than the left end point value in interval or greater than the right-hand member point value in interval, begin spray, make filter chamber keep suitable humidity; 2. in circulating water pool, throw in the nutrients that Institute of Micro-biology lacks in the waste gas substrate termly through the allotment case; 3. in circulating water pool, throw in alkaloids (like NaOH) termly through the allotment case, to regulate the pH value.Suitable temperature lacks nutrient compensate and pH and all is and makes that microorganism has growing environment preferably in the filter chamber, makes the specific surface of surface modification foamed ceramic carrier remain ripe biomembrane.Biomembranous formation is a dynamic process; Comprise the adhesion (absorption and crosslinked) of cell, the biomembrane development and the stage of ripeness, depolymerization be the field planting stage again, and at first microorganism is because the specific surface of surface modification foamed ceramics is assembled and is fixed in absorption and crosslinked action; Form cell monolayer; Cell monolayer is constantly bred, and forms active biomembrane, develops into ripe biomembrane then.Biomembranous development and extension receive waste gas to walk the influence of filter chamber speed and tower body internal pressure, with low speed and normal pressure for well.In the biomembrane of maturation, cell has motility and taxis, in to contaminant degradation, causes biomembrane constantly to be expanded, and has also increased the horizontal transfer of gene.Simultaneously because the death of cell, the biofilm detachment that reasons such as bio-transformation or biodegradation cause, the cell that comes off field planting again participates in forming new biomembrane.Therefore biomembranous formation and differentiation are processes that cycle alternation repeats.
Waste gas for uncontrollable discharge need be collected waste gas, causes exhaust gas inlet with air-introduced machine.
The purification mechanism of the present invention-biological filtering tower combined working waste gas cleaning system is: waste gas is after import gets into filter chamber, and the organic matter in the waste gas and inorganic pollution are decomposed into three flow directions: 1. with the gas phase form directly and microorganism generation biochemical reaction, be degraded; 2. adsorbed, absorb by surface modification foamed ceramic carrier and biomembrane, because microorganism has motility and taxis, these pollutants will be degraded by microorganisms; 3. absorbed the back by shower water and get into circulating water pool, be converted into liguid phase pollutant.Because shower water circulates, and with coming in contact oxidation reaction with the microorganism in shower water and the biomembrane once more, is degraded.Net reaction is following:
Figure GSA00000049342500041
Therefore; Walk in the biological filtering tower combined working behind the filter chamber when waste gas, the pollutant in the waste gas gets in the biomembrane through mass transport process, and the pollutant major part is degraded by microorganisms and is water and carbon dioxide under aerobic condition; Fraction is converted into the residue thalline, thereby reaches the purpose to waste gas purification.
The present invention compared with prior art has following advantage
1. mass-transfer performance is good, can not be short-circuited, and realizes equipment production easily;
2. surface loading, mass loading are big;
3. biological load is big;
4. anti-high concentration toxic pollutant performance is good;
5. the void tower time of staying that can realize ideal.
Above advantage makes the present invention will be widely used in the purification of all kinds of simple and complicated multicomponent waste gas
Description of drawings
Accompanying drawing is a biological filtering tower combined working waste gas cleaning system structural representation
1, biological filtering tower combined working unit
The 1-1 tower body
The 1-2 exhaust gas inlet
The 1-3 filter chamber
1-4 surface modification foamed ceramic carrier
The 1-5 clean gas outlet
2, spray unit
The 2-1 pump
The 2-2 nozzle
2-3 allocates case
The 2-4 circulating water pool
2-5 humidity sensor and controller
The 2-6pH appearance
The specific embodiment:
Composition, structure, purification process and the mechanism of biological filtering tower combined working waste gas cleaning system have been done clear and definite elaboration at preceding text (summary of the invention part).Those skilled in the art can figure out: these clear and definite elaborations are said embodiment of the present invention in fact, are that example is explained this point with sewage treatment plant's odor purification below.
Embodiment:
Continuous development along with urban construction; City size constantly enlarges, and the position of sewage treatment plant is more and more near the residential block, the foul smell that sewage treatment plant distributes in running; With the normal life that has a strong impact on surrounding resident, the problem of environmental pollution that therefore causes is also more and more.Certain city sewage treatment plant is one has 20 years historical old factories, the same with domestic many old Sewage Plant, owing to be fish pond, wasteland around the initial stage of founding the factory, so do not consider the pollution problem of foul gas.This sewage treatment plant has been the central area in city at present, and its odor pollution problem has brought very big puzzlement for peripheral resident, and is simultaneously also very inharmonious with the city look and feel of beauty, and therefore, the odor pollution problem that solves sewage treatment plant is imperative.
This sewage treatment plant is to be the B-grade sewage treatment plant of master's city combined sewage to handle sanitary sewage, and service area reaches 12.5km 2, surplus the service population 30 ten thousand, daily dispose of sewage 100,000 tons.Anaerobic-aerobic technology is adopted in sewage disposal, and water outlet reaches " integrated wastewater discharge standard " (GB8978-1996) secondary discharge standard.Main foul smell source is: preliminary sedimentation tank, anaerobic pond, sludge concentration tank etc. are light-concentration volatile gas, uncontrollable discharge.Application the present invention purifies the odor pollution of this sewage treatment plant and can realize by following key step.
1) main odor pollution source is installed additional gas skirt, carry arm that gas skirt is linked with the person in charge, the person in charge links with waste gas inlet, and air-introduced machine causes biological filtering tower combined working with foul smell;
2) carrier pipe is the PVC material, and arm format diameter 200mm is responsible for format diameter 400mm, and air-introduced machine is installed in filter tower clean gas outlet place, and flow velocity is designed to 0.5m/s;
3) the filter tower specification is 2700mm * 1200mm * 1500mm, with 4 dividing plates filter tower is divided into the big or small identical filter chamber of 5 connections, and each filter chamber is arranged three laminar surface modification foamed ceramic carriers;
4) inboard 316 stainless steels that use of tower body, outer surface uses carbon steel material, and middle fill insulant material, dividing plate use 316 stainless steels;
5) specification of surface modification foamed ceramics is 500mm * 500mm * 250mm, aperture 15mm, and porosity 91%, compression strength 1.25Mpa uses 30 blocks of carriers altogether;
6) nozzle, pipe pump, allotment case, humidity sensor and controller, pH appearance are installed;
7) tame with sludge sewage inoculated and cultured microorganism, and with the pollutant in the foul smell, amplify then and form the special-purpose composite flora of biological filtering tower combined working.Nutrient solution and special-purpose composite flora are rendered to circulating water pool through the allotment case, and microorganism contacts with surface modification foamed ceramics specific surface in the process of circulation, thereby is adsorbed-crosslinked being fixed on the specific surface.
8) adopt and progressively to increase foul smell and debug through the mode of biological filtering tower combined working time, but after debugging is accomplished 24 hours every days pass through filter tower.
Through the commissioning test of a wheat harvesting period, biomembrane is reached maturity basically on the surface modification foamed ceramic carrier, and the detection of clean gas outlet gas is shown, meets " odorant pollutant discharge standard " (GB 14554-93) first discharge standard.

Claims (3)

1. the biological filtering tower combined working waste gas purification apparatus is made up of biological filtering tower combined working unit and spray unit; The filter chamber of a plurality of connections that the biological filtering tower combined working unit comprises tower body, is arranged in the exhaust gas inlet on tower body top, separate with some dividing plates, multiple-level surface modification foamed ceramic carrier and the clean gas outlet that each filter chamber is arranged; The spray unit comprises pump, nozzle, allotment case, circulating water pool, humidity sensor and controller, pH appearance; Nozzle is installed in the top of each filter chamber, and the bathtub construction of filter tower bottom is as circulating water pool; Waste gas a plurality of filter chambers in filter tower are walked continuously and are sinuous movement locus.
2. according to the said biological filtering tower combined working waste gas purification apparatus of claim 1, it is characterized in that: the non-packing type microbial fixed carrier of arranging multiplayer in each filter chamber.
3. according to claim 1 or 2 said biological filtering tower combined working waste gas purification apparatuses, described surface modification foamed ceramic carrier is on regular-type foam pottery specific surface, to adopt cold air power spraying and coating technology bonding transition metal oxide powder particle and form through hydrophilic treatment.
CN2010101190734A 2010-03-03 2010-03-03 Biofilter tower exhaust gas purification system Expired - Fee Related CN101940874B (en)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102814087A (en) * 2011-06-08 2012-12-12 杰智环境科技股份有限公司 Air purifying device
CN109692555B (en) * 2019-01-16 2020-07-17 湖南恒凯环保科技投资有限公司 Integrated biological deodorization device and biological deodorization method
CN110694462B (en) * 2019-09-30 2021-09-10 北京工业大学 PDMS and foamed ceramic composite filler and preparation method thereof
CN113522009B (en) * 2021-07-29 2023-10-27 广东石油化工学院 Biological filtering device and method for treating volatile organic compound waste gas

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN2402817Y (en) * 1999-12-29 2000-10-25 李万成 Air cleaner without filter element
CN1365874A (en) * 2001-01-16 2002-08-28 欧诚群 Multi-purpose spanner

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN2402817Y (en) * 1999-12-29 2000-10-25 李万成 Air cleaner without filter element
CN1365874A (en) * 2001-01-16 2002-08-28 欧诚群 Multi-purpose spanner

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
黄磊等.纳米-微米复合孔泡沫陶瓷固定化脂肪酶.《催化学报》.2008,第29卷(第1期),57-62. *

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