CN101936578B - Real-time effective area distribution method for heat energy - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a centralized heat supply measuring and charging method. A real-time effective area distribution method for heat energy comprises the following steps of: for a heat energy distribution accounting unit, checking the room area of each user, and correcting the room area to obtain an effective area of the user; then according to a ratio of the effective area of the in-use room of each user of a heat supply region in a certain unit time to the effective area of the in-use rooms of all users, performing real-time distribution on the instant heat energy values of total heat energy meters of the heat supply region in the unit time; and accumulating the real-time distributed heat energy value distributed to each user from one certain moment to the other moment to obtain a distributed total heat energy value of the users in the time period as basis for heat supply measuring and charging. The method realizes on-demand measuring and charging of centralized heat supply/warming with low cost by distributing the heat energy through the real-time effective area and canceling a heat energy meter; and the charging method is scientific and reasonable, is easily accepted by the users, and has low equipment investment cost. The method can improve the energy-saving consciousness of the users, and is favorable for saving energy.

Description

The real-time actual effect area distributions of a kind of heat energy method

One, technical field: the present invention relates to a kind of central heating metering and billing method, particularly relate to the real-time actual effect area distributions of a kind of heat energy method.

Two, background technology: in the total energy consumption of the social energy of China, resident's building heating energy consumption occupies suitable pith.Because at present most building heatings all are to collect heating cost according to user's construction area, and no matter the user with still need not, with many or with lacking.This has just reduced the enthusiasm that the resident practices thrift heating energy consumption greatly, has caused very big energy waste unintentionally.

In the motive heat distribution system, the calorimeter allocative decision is a most reasonably charging method.Theoretically, the calorimeter allocative decision adopts calorimeter to be installed in every household, and just as ammeter, water meter accurate recording this family energy consumption, according to the data of these energy consumptions, no matter area is big or small, can accomplish how much energy to pay how many expenses with.But because the integrating of heat energy has higher requirement to the temperature difference and flow; And present design, manufacturing process can not guarantee these data stability, and for the heat energy table of low discharge, adaptability is poorer especially; Service life is shorter; The maintenance and repair cost is very high, and input and benefit are not complementary, and have been fade-in difficult boundary.This is the shortcoming of an essence of present calorimeter allocative decision existence, and equipment has high input, and operation cost is very high.Present popular " time and area apportion design " heat energy allocative decision, the chances are calculates according to time of using heat energy and the area that uses heat energy for the principle of its distribution.Result calculated is that the time of heating is long more, and the area in room is big more, and obtaining energy will be many more.But actual conditions but are; The user uses the length of heat energy time and the size of room area; Be not the many and few whole factors of this user's heat of decision, different users warm oneself in different time, even the time of heating is identical; The heat energy that they obtain also maybe be inequality, only judges with the length of heating time how much what obtain heat energy is unilateral.

At present, implementing its profound reason of household metering is to be means with the economic lever, and encourage users can be initiatively when need not heating, conscious valve-off stops or reducing heat supply, promotes to practice thrift minimizing energy waste, aim of saving to reach.Since the heat energy of heating also is a kind of commodity simultaneously, adopt scientific and reasonable charging way just can show social equity so.Current heat energy allocative decision except heat energy table real time measure is still measured not enough science, rationally, is unfavorable for that encourage users turns off untapped room thermal source with flexible way energy savings more.

In a word; " time and area " or similar heat energy allocative decision are only utilized the length of heating time, and are not differentiated the heating temporal differences; Cause to distribute and have bigger error; User's entire area is participated in the distribution as fixing data in addition, thereby have certain limitation, promotion user partial that can not be strong warms oneself energy savings.

The user heating heat distribution scheme of science can be accomplished with heat and paying close association, helps to improve the consciousness that the resident practices thrift, and to user and even entire society, all has considerable society and economic benefit.The characteristics that rational heat energy allocative decision should have: 1) rational heat energy allocative decision of having cast aside the heat energy table; Should be one and have good physical model structure; The correction factor K formation mechanism that the provides ability science, indubitable; Convenient, clear, the plain Numerical Calculation Method that provides, thus be easy to the scheme accepted by users.2) though cast aside the heat energy table, system should remain the distribution system of an actual heat.What of user heating expense, can only with how much being associated of its energy charge, should be not only and the insulation rank in the construction area in house, house, external condition such as whether window be associated.3) on the heat energy allocative decision, should be able to give the gem-pure consciousness of user, how many expenses that pays with how many heats exactly, whenever turns off a fin, and how much you just can save.4) system should have the conscious raising insulation of the user of letting measure, the function of energy savings.Avoid because of destroying warming measure (windowing such as malice), malice changes sample temperature and escapes the function of paying.

Three, summary of the invention:

The present invention is directed to the prior art deficiency, propose the real-time actual effect area distributions of a kind of heat energy method, cast aside the heat energy table from the heat energy allocative decision, but system remains the distribution system of an actual heat.What of user heating expense, only what, the real-time actual effect area in house with its energy charge is associated, and the insulation rank in the house of getting along well, external condition such as whether window are associated.

The technical scheme that the present invention adopted:

The real-time actual effect area distributions of a kind of heat energy method; Accounting unit is distributed as a heat energy in a certain heat supply zone that is provided with the total heat energy table; At first check and approve each room area of each user; Through each user different characteristic coefficients that difference has in the heat supply pipeline present position, this user's area is revised, obtain this user's actual effect area; Then; Should be in the unit interval according to this heat supply zone; Each user is accounting for whole users at the ratio with room actual effect area with room actual effect area; This heat supply zone should the instant heat energy value of unit interval total heat energy table be distributed in real time, draw each user and in this unit interval, distribute the heat energy value in real time; The a certain moment to the real-time distribution heat energy value that another constantly interior all continuous each users of unit interval are distributed is added up, draw the total heat energy value that the user should distribute in the time period, as the foundation of heat metering charge.

On behalf of the user room of diverse location on the hot duct, the real-time actual effect area distributions of described heat energy method, user characteristics coefficient obtain the difference of heat energy ability, below is the accounting method of user characteristics coefficient:

With certain heat supply zone A is example, and A is provided with the total heat energy table in the heat supply zone, obtains instant heat energy value QA in certain unit interval i from this total heat energy table _i, establish total M the user in this heat supply zone, x family characteristic coefficient is K _x, this user has N room, and the area that each room is checked and approved is respectively xs ₁, xs ₂, xs ₃..., xs _NM, N, x are natural number in above-mentioned; Aforementioned x and following m represent from the 1st any family to the M family, 1≤x≤M, 1≤m≤M;

Through all user installation heat energy table and fictitious loads in this heat supply zone, detect and obtain each user and obtain the needed time of same heat energy, establish and be respectively T ₁, T ₂, T ₃..., T _M, x family consumed time is T _x

Consumed time altogether $T_Z=\underset{m=1}{\overset{M}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}\mathrm{Tm}$

On average expend time in into $T_S=T_Z/M$

$=\left(\underset{m=1}{\overset{M}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}\mathrm{Tm}\right)/M$

The user personality COEFFICIENT K at x family _xBe

The real-time actual effect area distributions of described heat energy method, confirm the x family i in the unit interval with actual effect area xsy _i:

Real-time monitor user ' room radiator duty the room nominal area that heats and the product addition of its characteristic coefficient, obtains this user with actual effect area xsy _i, wherein Heating Room heat supply actual effect area is not regarded as 0, is formulated as follows:

${\mathrm{xsy}}_i=\underset{n=1}{\overset{N}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}(\mathrm{xsn}*\mathrm{Kx})$

$=\left(\underset{n=1}{\overset{N}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}\mathrm{xsn}\right)*K_x;$

In the following formula, n is a natural number, and 1≤n≤N.

The real-time actual effect area distributions of described heat energy method, calculate A heat supply zone i all users of unit interval with actual effect area A sy _i,

Be formulated as follows: ${\mathrm{Asy}}_i=\underset{m=1}{\overset{M}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}\mathrm{Msyi}$

In the following formula, m is a natural number, and 1≤m≤M.

The real-time actual effect area distributions of described heat energy method is calculated x family, A heat supply zone and is being used COEFFICIENT K at i in the unit interval _Xi

X family, A heat supply zone is being used COEFFICIENT K at i in the unit interval _XiRefer to this family and accounting for all users of A heat supply zone with the actual effect area at ratio with the actual effect area in this unit interval; Be formulated as follows:

K _XiThe actual effect area is being used with actual effect area/A heat supply zone in=the x family

＝xsy _i/Asy _i。

The real-time actual effect area distributions of described heat energy method is calculated x family, A heat supply zone in the heat energy apportioning cost of i in the unit interval; In this unit interval, heat energy value xq is distributed at the x family immediately _iBe:

Xq _i=a-quadrant i unit interval instant heat energy value * x should use coefficient in the family unit interval

＝QA _i*K _xi

＝QA _i*(xsy _i/Asy _i)。

The real-time actual effect area distributions of described heat energy method begins the x family to certain time till constantly, to distribute the heat energy value to accumulate in the unit interval to contained I from certain constantly, obtain the regional x of A heat supply family at a time between section in the heat energy value Q that obtains _x

$Q_x=\underset{i=1}{\overset{I}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}(\frac{\mathrm{xsyi}}{\underset{m=1}{\overset{M}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}\mathrm{msyi}}*\mathrm{QAi})$

In the following formula, i, m are natural number, and 1≤m≤M, and 1≤i≤I, I are the number of contained continuous unit interval in two moment.

Useful good effect of the present invention:

1, the real-time actual effect area distributions of heat energy of the present invention method; Cast aside the heat energy table from the heat energy allocative decision; But system remains the distribution system of an actual heat; With lower cost more science realization central heating/warm metering and billing as required, charging method is reasonable, the equipment input cost is low.The real-time actual effect power distribution method of heat energy of the present invention; Can give the gem-pure consciousness of user; Be exactly the heating charging method of science, only how much be associated with user energy expends, the construction area in the house of getting along well, the insulation rank in house, external condition such as whether window are associated.The present invention has realized this point from the side: read the instant calorific value of total hotlist in real time; Using the radiator user mode according to each family; The actual effect area accounts for all users' real-time actual effect area ratio according in fact the time, carries out the instant distribution of heat energy, and what of heat the user distribute in the unit of account time; What of total allocation heat energy are direct then accumulative total go out, with this foundation of chargeing as heating.

2, the real-time actual effect area distributions of heat energy of the present invention method, the heat distribution principle is clear and easy to understand, and how many heats user heating uses pay how many expenses; Can let the user clear recognize the power consumption with pay corresponding; Be easy to accepted, improve user's awareness of saving energy, help energy savings by the user.Using state assignment heat energy according to each radiator of user, heat supply and metering link directly, and the foundation of distribution no longer is simple area based on the user room, but user real time actual effect area, the reckoning of data is scientific and reasonable, is easy to accepted by the user.

3, the popularization of the real-time actual effect area distributions of heat energy of the present invention method must have favorable economic benefit and long-range social benefit.In the assigning process; Considered the existence of the most sharp end of user and least favorable end phenomenon; Utilize the user personality coefficient that the distribution difference that causes owing to user's temperature difference is different with flow is revised, make the foundation science more that is used as energy distribution with user real time actual effect area; Can come a plurality of radiator branches of user flexibly simultaneously and participate in the distribution, more help encourage users and turn off the radiator that some does not need, accomplish initiatively purpose of energy saving.

Five, the specific embodiment:

Embodiment one: the real-time actual effect area distributions of heat energy of the present invention method; Accounting unit is distributed as a heat energy in a certain heat supply zone that is provided with the total heat energy table; At first check and approve each room area of each user; Through each user different characteristic coefficients that difference has in the heat supply pipeline present position, this user's area is revised, obtain this user's actual effect area; Then; Should be in the unit interval according to this heat supply zone; Each user is accounting for whole users at the ratio with room actual effect area with room actual effect area; This heat supply zone should the instant heat energy value of unit interval total heat energy table be distributed in real time, draw each user and in this unit interval, distribute the heat energy value in real time; The a certain moment to the real-time distribution heat energy value that another constantly interior all continuous each users of unit interval are distributed is added up, draw the total heat energy value that the user should distribute in the time period, as the foundation of heat metering charge.

Embodiment two: the real-time actual effect area distributions of present embodiment heat energy method is the further refinement of embodiment one.Wherein the user characteristics coefficient is adjusted through following method:

With certain heat supply zone A is example, and A is provided with the total heat energy table in the heat supply zone, obtains instant heat energy value QA in certain unit interval i from this total heat energy table _i, establish total M the user in this heat supply zone, x family characteristic coefficient is K _x, this user has N room, and the area that each room is checked and approved is respectively xs ₁, xs ₂, xs ₃..., xs _NM, N, x are natural number in above-mentioned; Aforementioned x and following m represent from the 1st any family to the M family, 1≤x≤M, 1≤m≤M;

Through all user installation heat energy table and fictitious loads in this heat supply zone, detect and obtain each user and obtain the needed time of same heat energy, establish and be respectively T ₁, T ₂, T ₃..., T _M, x family consumed time is T _xConsumed time altogether $T_Z=\underset{m=1}{\overset{M}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}\mathrm{Tm}$

On average expend time in and be T _S=T _Z/ M

$=\left(\underset{m=1}{\overset{M}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}\mathrm{Tm}\right)/M$

The user personality COEFFICIENT K at x family _xBe

On behalf of the user room of diverse location on the hot duct, the user characteristics coefficient obtain the difference of heat energy ability.In the HVAC designing requirement, require the different correlative factors such as distance, height according to each terminal use, design parameters such as different pipe diameters, pressure size, temperature height, when heating each terminal use of arrival with assurance, each item index all is identical.But in practical design with in using, can not accomplish that each terminal use is identical, just there be the most sharp the end and the least favorable end in this.In general, the most sharp end and least favorable end are regular governed, and that is exactly the extension along with hot duct; Pressure and temperature reduces gradually, and temperature reduces gradually, perhaps owing to other HVACs and hydromechanical reason; In the identical time, the heat energy that provides to the user is inequality.Near the heating port of export, perhaps owing to other HVACs or hydrodynamics reason, the user who accepts most energy in the unit interval is referred to as the most sharp end subscriber, is referred to as the least favorable end subscriber accepting the minimum user of energy in the unit interval for we.In the HVAC design, rectify the normal standard of using and be standard to ensure least favorable.Be not that the least favorable end has obtained energy less, but the most sharp end has obtained more energy.

The real-time actual effect power distribution method of heat energy of the present invention, through following manner confirm the x family i in the unit interval with actual effect power xpy _i:

Real-time monitor user ' room radiator duty the room nominal area that heats and the product addition of its characteristic coefficient, obtains this user with actual effect area xsy _i, wherein Heating Room heat supply actual effect area is not regarded as 0, is formulated as follows: ${\mathrm{Xsy}}_i=\underset{n=1}{\overset{N}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}(\mathrm{Xsn}*\mathrm{Kx})$

$=\left(\underset{n=1}{\overset{N}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}\mathrm{xsn}\right)*K_x;$

In the following formula, n is a natural number, and 1≤n≤N.

A heat supply zone i all users of unit interval with actual effect area A sy _iAdopt computes:

${\mathrm{Asy}}_i=\underset{m=1}{\overset{M}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}\mathrm{msyi}$

In the following formula, m is a natural number, and 1≤m≤M.

The x family is being used COEFFICIENT K at i in the unit interval _XiCalculating:

X family, A heat supply zone is being used COEFFICIENT K at i in the unit interval _XiRefer to this family and accounting for all users of A heat supply zone with the actual effect area at ratio with the actual effect area in this unit interval; Be formulated as follows:

K _XiThe actual effect area is being used with actual effect area/A heat supply zone in=the x family

＝xsy _i/Asy _i

Calculate in the heat energy apportioning cost of i in the unit interval at x family, A heat supply zone:

In this unit interval, heat energy value xq is distributed at the x family immediately _iBe:

x _Qi=a-quadrant i unit interval instant heat energy value * x should use coefficient in the family unit interval

＝QA _i*K _xi

＝QA _i*(xsy _i/Asy _i)

The x family is begun to certain time till constantly, to distribute the heat energy value to accumulate in the unit interval to contained I from certain constantly, obtain the regional x of A heat supply family at a time between section in the heat energy value Q that obtains _x

$Q_x=\underset{i=1}{\overset{I}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}(\frac{\mathrm{xsyi}}{\underset{m=1}{\overset{M}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}\mathrm{msyi}}*\mathrm{QAi})$

In the following formula, i, m are natural number, and 1≤m≤M, and 1≤i≤I, I are the number of contained continuous unit interval in two moment.

Claims (6)

1. the real-time actual effect area distributions of heat energy method; It is characterized in that: accounting unit is distributed as a heat energy in a certain heat supply zone that will be provided with the total heat energy table; At first check and approve each room area of each user; Through each user different characteristic coefficients that difference has in the heat supply pipeline present position, this user's area is revised, obtain this user's actual effect area; Then; Should be in the unit interval according to this heat supply zone; Each user is accounting for whole users at the ratio with room actual effect area with room actual effect area; This heat supply zone should the instant heat energy value of unit interval total heat energy table be distributed in real time, draw each user and in this unit interval, distribute the heat energy value in real time; The a certain moment to the real-time distribution heat energy value that another constantly interior all continuous each users of unit interval are distributed is added up, draw the total heat energy value that the user should distribute in the time period, as the foundation of heat metering charge; The accounting method of said user characteristics coefficient is following:

With certain heat supply zone A is example, and A is provided with the total heat energy table in the heat supply zone, obtains instant heat energy value QA in certain unit interval i from this total heat energy table _i, establish total M the user in this heat supply zone, x family characteristic coefficient is K _x, this user has N room, and the area that each room is checked and approved is respectively xs ₁, xs ₂, xs ₃..., xs _NM, N, x are natural number in above-mentioned; Aforementioned x and following m represent from the 1st any family to the M family, 1≤x≤M, 1≤m≤M;

Through all user installation heat energy table and fictitious loads in this heat supply zone, detect and obtain each user and obtain the needed time of same heat energy, establish and be respectively T ₁, T ₂, T ₃..., T _M, x family consumed time is T _x

Consumed time altogether $T_Z=\underset{m=1}{\overset{M}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}\mathrm{Tm}$

On average expend time in into $T_S=T_Z/M$

$=\left(\underset{m=1}{\overset{M}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}\mathrm{Tm}\right)/M$

The user characteristics COEFFICIENT K at x family _xBe

2. the real-time actual effect area distributions of heat energy according to claim 1 method is characterized in that: confirm the x family i in the unit interval with actual effect area xsy _i:

Real-time monitor user ' room radiator duty the room nominal area that heats and the product addition of its characteristic coefficient, obtains this user with actual effect area xsy _i, wherein Heating Room heat supply actual effect area is not regarded as 0, is formulated as follows:

${\mathrm{xsy}}_i=\underset{n=1}{\overset{N}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}(\mathrm{xsn}*\mathrm{Kx})$

$=\left(\underset{n=1}{\overset{N}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}\mathrm{xsn}\right)*K_x;$

In the following formula, n is a natural number, and 1≤n≤N.

3. the real-time actual effect area distributions of heat energy according to claim 2 method is characterized in that: calculate A heat supply zone i all users of unit interval with actual effect area A sy _i,

Be formulated as follows: ${\mathrm{Asy}}_i=\underset{m=1}{\overset{M}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}\mathrm{Msyi}$

In the following formula, m is a natural number, and 1≤m≤M.

4. the real-time actual effect area distributions of heat energy according to claim 3 method is characterized in that: calculate x family, A heat supply zone and using COEFFICIENT K at i in the unit interval _Xi

X family, A heat supply zone is being used COEFFICIENT K at i in the unit interval _XiRefer to this family and accounting for all users of A heat supply zone with the actual effect area at ratio with the actual effect area in this unit interval; Be formulated as follows:

K _XiThe actual effect area is being used with actual effect area/A heat supply zone in=the x family

＝xsy _i/Asy _i。

5. the real-time actual effect area distributions of heat energy according to claim 4 method is characterized in that: calculate x family, A heat supply zone in the heat energy apportioning cost of i in the unit interval; In this unit interval, heat energy value xq is distributed at the x family immediately _iBe:

Xq _i=a-quadrant i unit interval instant heat energy value * x should use coefficient in the family unit interval

＝QA _i*K _xi

＝QA _i*(xsy _i/Asy _i)。

6. the real-time actual effect area distributions of heat energy according to claim 5 method; It is characterized in that: the x family is begun to certain time till constantly from certain constantly; Distribute the heat energy value to accumulate in the unit interval to contained I, obtain the heat energy value Q that x family, A heat supply zone obtains in the section between at a time _x

$Q_x=\underset{i=1}{\overset{I}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}(\frac{\mathrm{xsyi}}{\underset{m=1}{\overset{M}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}\mathrm{msyi}}*\mathrm{QAi})$

In the following formula, i, m are natural number, and 1≤m≤M, and 1≤i≤I, I are the number of contained continuous unit interval in two moment.