CN101931294A - Permanent-magnet synchronous motor - Google Patents

Permanent-magnet synchronous motor Download PDF

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Publication number
CN101931294A
CN101931294A CN2009100333297A CN200910033329A CN101931294A CN 101931294 A CN101931294 A CN 101931294A CN 2009100333297 A CN2009100333297 A CN 2009100333297A CN 200910033329 A CN200910033329 A CN 200910033329A CN 101931294 A CN101931294 A CN 101931294A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
split type
synchronous motor
type magnetic
magnetic pole
rotor
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Pending
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CN2009100333297A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
金亦石
廖传德
朱设华
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NANTONG JINCHI MECHANICAL ELECTRIC CO Ltd
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NANTONG JINCHI MECHANICAL ELECTRIC CO Ltd
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Priority to CN2009100333297A priority Critical patent/CN101931294A/en
Publication of CN101931294A publication Critical patent/CN101931294A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Abstract

The invention discloses a permanent-magnet synchronous motor widely applied to various national economic fields. The motor consists of a stator component and a rotor component, wherein the stator component is basically the same as the stator of an ordinary three-phase asynchronous motor and consists of a shell, a stator iron core (1) and an armature winding (2); the rotor component consists of a hollow shaft (11), a magnetic isolation sleeve (12) and split type magnetic poles (13) which are coaxially assembled sequentially from inside to outside; the hollow shaft (11) and the magnetic isolation sleeve (12) are connected and fixed by a bond (19); the magnetic isolation sleeve (12) and the split type magnetic pole (13) are connected and fixed through a through hole bolt (14) and a splayed pin (21); a permanent magnet (17) is arranged between two adjacent split type magnetic poles (13) and radially compressed by a copper wedge (10); a copper sheet (18) is arranged inside a slot (26) of the split type magnetic pole (13); an end ring (16) is arranged at two ends of the split type magnetic pole (13); and the copper sheet (18) and the two end rings (16) form a rotor starting stage. The motor has the remarkable characteristics that: the rotor component is combined with the stator component of the ordinary three-phase synchronous motor very easily; and the rotor component is provided with an externally ventilated cooling channel and has the advantages of good cooling effect, low temperature rising and high efficiency.

Description

A kind of permanent magnet synchronous motor
Technical field
The present invention relates to the research manufacturing of a kind of permanent magnet synchronous motor in the field of motor manufacturing.
Background technology
Rare-earth permanent-magnet synchronous motor has characteristics such as volume is little, in light weight, efficient height, has purposes widely in each field of national economy.After using after a while, its performance can significantly descend, even cisco unity malfunction but in actual use.Tracing it to its cause, is that its rotor temperature rise is too high, makes in the rotor used Nd-Fe-B permanent magnet cause loss of excitation institute extremely.The resistivity of Nd-Fe-Bo permanent magnet material is 1.44 * 10 -6Ω .m has certain conductivity, and it can produce eddy current loss in alternating magnetic field, thereby produces heat.And the thermal conductivity of neodymium iron boron is 7.7cal/m.h. ℃, and conductivity of heat is poor, adds the easy oxidation of Nd-Fe-B magnet steel, gets rusty, and makes the heat on the magnet steel more be difficult to outside conduction, has aggravated the temperature rise of rotor.Too high rotor temperature rise can cause the danger of Nd-Fe-B permanent magnet demagnetization, influences the life-span of motor operate as normal.
At present, to solving the rare-earth permanent-magnet synchronous motor rotor temperature rise, guarantee that the approach that Nd-Fe-B permanent magnet does not demagnetize mainly contains:
Application (patent) number: 200610041946.8, a kind of rare-earth permanent-magnet synchronous motor.Its with whole section permanent magnet 14 in the pole rotor by radially being divided into several segments, or by tangentially being divided into several layers, between section and the section, fit by the bonding agent of insulation between layer and the layer, thus the eddy current loss that minimizing produces in alternating magnetic field owing to the conductivity of Nd-Fe-B permanent magnet 14.From strengthening the insulation between rotor permanent magnet, reduce eddy-current heating and deal with problems;
Application (patent) number: 03258885.2, have the rare-earth permanent-magnet synchronous motor of ventilation slot.It is provided with the axial ventilation groove between magnet steel and magnetic shield, rotor surface is provided with the spiral ventilation slot.From improving the rotor ventilation structure, add forced ventilation and cool and deal with problems;
Application (patent) number: 00226188.X, rare-earth permanent-magnet synchronous motor.It adopts high magnetic conduction, low-loss silicon steel sheet and high energy product, high-coercive force NdFeB material from changing stator-rotor iron core and magnet steel groove structure.Change and select for use quality material to solve no-load loss from stator and rotor sructure, reduce temperature rise and deal with problems.
Above-mentioned three kinds of methods solve the rotor temperature rise problem from some aspects respectively, though obtained certain effect, but fundamentally thoroughly do not deal with problems, too high because of rotor temperature rise, cause the Nd-Fe-B permanent magnet loss of excitation, the possibility that influences permanent magnet synchronous motor useful life still exists.
Summary of the invention
Use the too high problem of rotor temperature rise for fundamentally solving permanent magnet synchronous motor, guarantee its useful life, the invention provides a kind of permanent magnet synchronous motor, it adopts new outer circulation ventilation cooling structure from rotor, strengthens the rotor ventilation effect that cools; Strengthen the permanent magnet insulating barrier, reduce eddy-current heating and select high-quality Nd-Fe-B permanent magnet material for use, strengthen three aspects such as permeability, take new comprehensive innovative approach, received good result.
The technical scheme that technical solution problem of the present invention is adopted is: a kind of permanent magnet synchronous motor, it is made up of stator and rotor two big parts.Stator component and ordinary three-phase synchronous are basic identical, are made up of casing, stator core (1), armature winding (2), and its effect is to produce alternating magnetic field, and supports whole motor.Casing is made up of housing (3), end cap (4), bearing cap (5), protective cover (6); Rotor part is by air-cored axis (11), magnetic shield (12), split type magnetic pole (13), the coaxial assembling of order from the inside to the outside.Air-cored axis (11) is connected and fixed by key (19) with magnetic shield (12); Magnetic shield (12) and split type magnetic pole (13) are connected and fixed by through hole bolt (14) and the Eight characters pin (21) that is located at its two ends.Between adjacent two split type magnetic poles (13), radially equal angles is equipped with permanent magnet (17), descends two ends thereon, be lined with insulating cell (20) respectively, and with copper spline (10) with its radial compaction, at its two ends, with insulation barrier (15) with its axial compression.In the slit (26) of split type magnetic pole (13), be embedded with copper sheet (18), itself and copper spline (10), be located at split type magnetic pole (13) two ends, the end ring (16) in insulation barrier (15) outside is connected and fixed, and the back is common to constitute the rotor startup cage.
Described air-cored axis (11), its central shaft is to being drilled with the separate ventilation hole (22) that a two connects; The middle part is drilled with the radially equal angles distribution of many rows of arranging vertically, the radially inner vent (23) that is connected with separate ventilation hole (22).The effect one of air-cored axis (11) is to constitute outer circulation ventilation cooling duct, the heat that the motor internal rotor is produced takes to outside the body rapidly, change outer circulation ventilation cooling structure into by traditional interior circulating ventilation cooling structure, greatly improved the effect that cools of ventilating; The 2nd, link by bearing (7) and the casing that is contained in its two, whole rotor rotation is played a supportive role.The structural change of air-cored axis (11), not only its intensity does not simultaneously descend, and raising is arranged on the contrary.
Described magnetic shield (12), its central shaft is to being drilled with the endoporus that matches with air-cored axis (11) outside diameter; Have keyway in the endoporus; With coaxial with endoporus, axial spacing and air-cored axis (11) be many cannelures (28) that equate of inner vent (23) radially; In every cannelure (28), radially equal angles is drilled with radial ventilation hole (24).Its effect one is radially radially inner vent (23) the formation outer circulation ventilation cooling ducts that distribute of equal angles of many rows of arranging vertically with air-cored axis (11); The 2nd, be used to install through hole bolt (14).
Described split type magnetic pole (13), it is fan-shaped by the polylith cross section, the rectangular strip magnetic material of vertical section is formed, in the fan-shaped symmetrical centre of every block of fan-shaped strip magnetic material, be drilled with in a row and every cannelure of magnetic shield (12) (28) the radially radial ventilation screw and the through hole (25) that match of ventilation hole (24) vertically; And have one and axially connect the radial slit that does not radially connect (26); Have two short slits of symmetry in its both sides.Its effect, radial ventilation screw and through hole (25), the one, the assembling that is used for through hole bolt (14) connects, and split type magnetic pole (13) and magnetic shield (12) are connected and fixed; The 2nd, with radial ventilation hole (24), the inner vent (23) of air-cored axis (11), the complete rotor outer circulation ventilation cooling duct of separate ventilation hole (22) formation of magnetic shield (12); Radial slit (26) is used to embed copper sheet (18).
Described through hole bolt (14), screw thread is made in its outside, and central shaft is to being drilled with the ventilation hole that two connects.Its effect one is be connected and fixed magnetic shield (12) and split type magnetic pole (13); The 2nd, provide vent passages for constituting rotor outer circulation ventilation cooling structure.
Described Eight characters pin (21), its shape of cross section is the figure of eight; Axial shape, two be two incomplete cylindrical, the centre is cuboid.Its advantage is that the part radial fit after the assembling is tight, and can radial-play.
Described permanent magnet (17), it is good by magnetic property, and the high-quality rare-earth Nd-Fe-B permanent magnetic material that thermal conductivity is big is made, and each magnetic pole is made up of polylith, and it is fan-shaped that shape of cross section is.
Described copper spline (10), its width is greater than permanent magnet (17) cross-sectional width, and its length is greater than the axial length of split type magnetic pole (13).
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: permagnetic synchronous motor has that temperature rise is low, efficient is high and (sees that Zhejiang Province's electromechanical product quality detects institute's examining report: stator temperature rise 41.8K, 48.6 ℃ of rotor bearing temperature rises; Efficient 95.54%), performance good, easily with the remarkable advantage that the ordinary three-phase synchronous stator matches, save energy and reduce the cost, thoroughly solve the permagnetic synchronous motor long-time running and caused the easy loss of excitation of Nd-Fe-B permanent magnet because of temperature rise is too high, influenced the technical problem of its runnability.Guaranteed its extensively reliable application in each field of national economy.
Description of drawings
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the invention will be further described.
Fig. 1 is a structure chart of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is a rotor vertical section structural map;
Fig. 3 is the left view of Fig. 2;
Fig. 4 is magnetic shield and split type magnetic pole set component vertical section structural map;
Fig. 5 is the left view of Fig. 4;
Fig. 6 is a magnetic shield vertical section structural map;
Fig. 7 is the left view of Fig. 6;
Fig. 8 is the vertical section structural map of single split type magnetic pole;
Fig. 9 is the left view of Fig. 8;
Figure 10 is single permanent magnet front view;
Figure 11 is the left view of Figure 10.
1. stator cores (1), 2. armature winding, 3. housing among the figure, 4. end cap, 5. bearing cap, 6. protective cover, 7. bearing, 8. fan blade, 9. thermal resistance sensor, 10. copper spline, 11. air-cored axis, 12. magnetic shields, 13. split type magnetic pole, 14. through hole bolts, 15. insulation barriers, 16. end ring, 17. permanent magnets, 18. copper sheets, 19. key, 20. insulating cells, 21. Eight characters pins, 22. the separate ventilation hole, 23. inner vents, 24. radial ventilation holes, 25. radial ventilation screw and through hole, 26. slit, 27. screws, 28. cannelures.
Embodiment
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with drawings and Examples.
In Fig. 1, permagnetic synchronous motor is made up of stator and rotor two big parts.Stator component is made up of casing and stator core (1), armature winding (2).Casing is made up of housing (3), end cap (4), bearing cap (5), protective cover (6), and its structure and ordinary three-phase synchronous are basic identical.The stator of ordinary three-phase synchronous can directly match with rotor part of the present invention, forms permagnetic synchronous motor, and this is of the present invention one big characteristics; Another big characteristics of the present invention are the structural change of rotor part, in Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, and air-cored axis (11), magnetic shield (12), split type magnetic pole (13), the coaxial assembling of order from the inside to the outside.Every split type magnetic pole (13) is with through hole bolt (14), by Fig. 4 and Fig. 5 radially equal angles be connected and fixed on the cylindrical of magnetic shield (12); At its two ends,, split type magnetic pole (13) and magnetic shield (12) are closely cooperated respectively with Eight characters pin (21).Between magnetic shield (12) and the air-cored axis (11), under every the cannelure (28) in guaranteeing magnetic shield (12) endoporus and the prerequisite that the axial spacing of the radially inner vent (23) of air-cored axis (11) is aimed at, it is connected and fixed with key (19).Between adjacent two split type magnetic poles (13), adorn permanent magnet (17) respectively, and make between every adjacent two permanent magnets (17) same polarity relative.Permanent magnet (17) is made up of polylith.Its lower end and magnetic shield (12) contact position adds insulating cell (20), after the upper end adds insulating cell (20), with copper spline (10) with its radial compaction; At the two ends of every split type magnetic pole (13), with fixed thereon of insulation barrier (15), prevent that permanent magnet (17) from axially ejecting with screw (27).Every slit (26) at split type magnetic pole (13) is embedded in copper sheet (18).At insulation barrier (15) outside dress end ring (16), adopt the method for welding or riveted joint, end ring (16) and copper spline (10) and copper sheet (18) are connected and fixed, form the rotor startup cage, form the loop in alternating magnetic field, producing induced current.The rotor part that assembles by being contained in the bearing (7) at its air-cored axis (11) two ends, with the stator component assembling that assembles, is loaded onto thermal resistance sensor (9) cooling fan blade (8), protective cover (6) simultaneously.
For making rotor part form the separate ventilation structure, as shown in Figure 2, air-cored axis (11) center, be drilled with the separate ventilation hole (22) that a two connects vertically, position therebetween, be drilled with vertically and arrange radially equal angles distribution more, the radially inner vent (23) that is connected with separate ventilation hole (22) is made the air-cored axis (11) with separate ventilation cooling duct; As shown in Figure 6 and Figure 7, magnetic shield (12) is made by non-magnet material, its center is drilled to the endoporus that matches with air-cored axis (11) outside diameter, have keyway in the endoporus, with coaxial with endoporus, axial spacing and air-cored axis (11) be many cannelures (28) that equate of inner vent (23) radially, in every cannelure (28), radially equal angles is drilled with radial ventilation hole (24), is used to install through hole bolt (14).As shown in Figure 4, through hole bolt (14), screw thread is made in its outside, and the center is drilled with the ventilation hole that a two connects vertically.
As Fig. 8 and shown in Figure 9, form by polylith strip magnetic conductive material, its cross section is fan-shaped, the split type magnetic pole (13) that vertical section is rectangular, in its fan-shaped symmetrical centre, be drilled with in a row and every cannelure of magnetic shield (12) (28) the radially radial ventilation screw and the through hole (25) that match of ventilation hole (24) vertically, be used to install through hole bolt (14) and vent passages is provided; And have one and axially connect, the radial slit that does not radially connect (26) is opened two short slits of symmetry in its both sides.
As shown in Figure 5, its cross section shape of Eight characters pin (21) is " 8 " shape, longitudinal shape, two be two incomplete cylindrical, the centre is cuboid, it makes magnetic shield (12) and split type magnetic pole (13) assembling back radial fit tight, and radial-play does not take place.
For improving permanent magnet (17) magnetic property, as Figure 10 and shown in Figure 11, permanent magnet (17), good with magnetic property, the high-quality rare-earth Nd-Fe-B permanent magnetic material that thermal conductivity is big is made, and its shape of cross section is fan-shaped; Be to reduce permanent magnet (17) eddy-current heating, increase in itself and magnetic shield (12) and copper spline (10) contact position and put insulating cell (20).
Copper spline (10), its width are greater than permanent magnet (17) cross-sectional width, and purpose is can insert in the wedge groove of split type magnetic pole (13), compresses permanent magnet (17); Its length is made the axial length greater than split type magnetic pole (13).Be used for and copper sheet (18) and end ring (16) formation rotor startup cage.

Claims (8)

1. permagnetic synchronous motor, it is made up of stator and rotor two big parts, it is characterized in that: stator component and ordinary three-phase synchronous are basic identical, be made up of casing, stator core (1), armature winding (2), casing is made up of housing (3), end cap (4), bearing cap (5) and protective cover (6); Rotor part is by air-cored axis (11), magnetic shield (12), split type magnetic pole (13), the coaxial assembling of order from the inside to the outside, and air-cored axis (11) is connected and fixed by key (19) with magnetic shield (12); Magnetic shield (12) and split type magnetic pole (13) are connected and fixed by through hole bolt (14) and the Eight characters pin (21) that is located at its two ends; Between adjacent two split type magnetic poles (13), radially equal angles is equipped with permanent magnet (17), descends two ends thereon, is lined with insulating cell (20) respectively, and with copper spline (10) with its radial compaction; At its two ends, with insulation barrier (15) with its axial compression, in the slit (26) of split type magnetic pole (13), be embedded with copper sheet (18), itself and copper spline (10), be located at split type magnetic pole (13) two ends, the end ring (16) in insulation barrier (15) outside is connected and fixed, and the back is common to constitute the rotor startup cage.
2. a kind of permagnetic synchronous motor according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described air-cored axis (11), and its central shaft is to being drilled with the separate ventilation hole (22) that a two connects; The middle part is drilled with the radially equal angles distribution of many rows of arranging vertically, the radially inner vent (23) that is connected with separate ventilation hole (22).
3. a kind of permagnetic synchronous motor according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described magnetic shield (12), and its central shaft is to being drilled with the endoporus that matches with air-cored axis (11) outside diameter; Have keyway in the endoporus; With coaxial with endoporus, axial spacing and air-cored axis (11) be many cannelures (28) that equate of inner vent (23) radially; In every cannelure (28), radially equal angles is drilled with radial ventilation hole (24).
4. a kind of permagnetic synchronous motor according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described split type magnetic pole (13), it is fan-shaped by the polylith cross section, the rectangular strip magnetic material of vertical section is formed, in the fan-shaped symmetrical centre of every block of fan-shaped strip magnetic material, be drilled with in a row and every cannelure of magnetic shield (12) (28) the radially radial ventilation screw and the through hole (25) that match of ventilation hole (24) vertically; And have one and axially connect the radial slit that does not radially connect (26); Have two short slits of symmetry in its both sides.
5. a kind of permagnetic synchronous motor according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described through hole bolt (14), and screw thread is made in its outside, and central shaft is to being drilled with the ventilation hole that two connects.
6. a kind of permagnetic synchronous motor according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described Eight characters pin (21), and its shape of cross section is the figure of eight; Axial shape, two be two incomplete cylindrical, the centre is cuboid.
7. a kind of permagnetic synchronous motor according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described permanent magnet (17), and it is good by magnetic property, and the high-quality rare-earth Nd-Fe-B permanent magnetic material that thermal conductivity is big is made, and each magnetic pole is made up of polylith, and its shape of cross section is fan-shaped.
8. a kind of permagnetic synchronous motor according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described copper spline (10), and its width is greater than permanent magnet (17) cross-sectional width, and its length is greater than the axial length of split type magnetic pole (13).
CN2009100333297A 2009-06-18 2009-06-18 Permanent-magnet synchronous motor Pending CN101931294A (en)

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103999330A (en) * 2011-11-30 2014-08-20 Abb研究有限公司 Electrical machines and electrical machine rotors
WO2014139355A1 (en) * 2013-03-15 2014-09-18 Techtronic Power Tools Technology Limited Cooling arrangement for an electric motor and method of fabricating a hollow shaft therefor
CN106602809A (en) * 2017-02-14 2017-04-26 哈尔滨东安发动机(集团)有限公司 Assembling method of cast-aluminum rotor assembly with built-in magnetic steel

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN2638318Y (en) * 2003-06-14 2004-09-01 李鸿程 Rare earth permanent-magnetic synchronous motor with ventilation slot
CN1756038A (en) * 2004-10-01 2006-04-05 株式会社日立制作所 Permanent magnet type electric rotating machine and wind turbine electric power generation system
CN101005219A (en) * 2006-11-22 2007-07-25 北京世纪乐华技术有限公司 Permanent magnet synchronous motor
JP2009027837A (en) * 2007-07-19 2009-02-05 Toyota Motor Corp Rotary electric machine
CN201450432U (en) * 2009-06-18 2010-05-05 南通金驰机电有限公司 Permanent magnet synchronous motor

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN2638318Y (en) * 2003-06-14 2004-09-01 李鸿程 Rare earth permanent-magnetic synchronous motor with ventilation slot
CN1756038A (en) * 2004-10-01 2006-04-05 株式会社日立制作所 Permanent magnet type electric rotating machine and wind turbine electric power generation system
CN101005219A (en) * 2006-11-22 2007-07-25 北京世纪乐华技术有限公司 Permanent magnet synchronous motor
JP2009027837A (en) * 2007-07-19 2009-02-05 Toyota Motor Corp Rotary electric machine
CN201450432U (en) * 2009-06-18 2010-05-05 南通金驰机电有限公司 Permanent magnet synchronous motor

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103999330A (en) * 2011-11-30 2014-08-20 Abb研究有限公司 Electrical machines and electrical machine rotors
CN103999330B (en) * 2011-11-30 2017-03-29 Abb研究有限公司 Motor and rotor
WO2014139355A1 (en) * 2013-03-15 2014-09-18 Techtronic Power Tools Technology Limited Cooling arrangement for an electric motor and method of fabricating a hollow shaft therefor
CN106602809A (en) * 2017-02-14 2017-04-26 哈尔滨东安发动机(集团)有限公司 Assembling method of cast-aluminum rotor assembly with built-in magnetic steel
CN106602809B (en) * 2017-02-14 2021-02-12 哈尔滨东安发动机(集团)有限公司 Assembling method of cast aluminum rotor assembly with built-in magnetic steel

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Application publication date: 20101229