CN101924508A - Variable-frequency speed regulating system for starting high-power pumped storage unit - Google Patents
Variable-frequency speed regulating system for starting high-power pumped storage unit Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a variable-frequency speed regulating system for starting a high-power pumped storage unit in the technical field of water pumps, comprising a static frequency converter (SFC), an input circuit breaker, an output circuit breaker, a grid-connected switch, an excitation device, wherein a power grid is connected with the input circuit breaker sequentially connected with the static frequency converter, the output circuit breaker and the excitation device, the excitation device is connected with the grid-connected switch, and the other end of the grid-connected switch is connected to a circuit between the power grid and the input circuit breaker. The static frequency converter is a high-voltage frequency converter formed by connecting in series and stacking power units of an insulated gate bipolar transistor (IGBT). The static frequency converter of the variable-frequency speed regulating system has the characteristics of concise system structure, convenient maintenance, rapid response, accurate control, less harmonic content, reliable running, high efficiency and low reactive power impact.
Description
Technical field
What the present invention relates to is the governing system in a kind of pump technology field, particularly, relates to a kind of variable-frequency speed regulating system for starting high-power pumped storage unit.
Background technology
Along with improving constantly and the construction energetically of nuclear power and wind-powered electricity generation of social electricity consumption level, hydroenergy storage station is electronic with it, unique operational mode of generating, become peak load regulation network and fill out the important means of paddy, frequency modulation, phase modulation, emergency duty and black starting, play significant role ensureing the operation of power grid security high-quality and improving system economy.Simultaneously, the hydroenergy storage station rational and effective is utilized, and can reduce conventional thermoelectricity peaking power source and build and fired power generating unit exhaust emission gas, and this is very favourable to China environmental protection and low-carbon emission.Therefore, hydroenergy storage station is replenished as water power, helps the sustainable development of water power and power industry, and is significant to the service conditions of improving electric power system.
To the especially high-power accumulation of energy unit of the reversible unit of pumped storage (more than the single-machine capacity 300MW), its startup under pump operating condition is the problem of overriding concern.With regard to SFC (static frequency-conversion device) system that pumped storage unit pump operating condition starts, what hydroenergy storage station was adopted now is traditional silicon controlled thyristor frequency conversion device, because the defective of silicon-controlled device characteristic and circuit topological structure, there are shortcomings such as structure is numerous and diverse, loss is big, reliability is low, start-up time is slow, harmonic content is high, reactive power impact is big in it, and electrical network and motor are produced harmful effect.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to overcome deficiency of the prior art, a kind of variable-frequency speed regulating system for starting high-power pumped storage unit is provided.The present invention has adopted the power unit cascade of igbt (IGBT) the high type voltage source high voltage converter that superposes, that the system that makes has is simple for structure, easy maintenance, response rapidly, control accurately, harmonic content is little, reliable, efficient is high, reactive power is impacted advantages such as little.
The present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:
The present invention includes: static frequency convertor (SFC), import circuit breaker, export circuit breaker, the switch that is incorporated into the power networks, excitation unit, electrical network connects the input circuit breaker, the input circuit breaker connects static frequency convertor, output circuit breaker and excitation unit successively, excitation unit connects the switch that is incorporated into the power networks, and the other end of the switch that is incorporated into the power networks is connected on electrical network and the input circuit breaker circuit between the two.
Described static frequency convertor is the high voltage converter that the power unit cascade stack of igbt (IGBT) forms.
Described static frequency convertor is made up of phase shift isolation rectification transformer, power cell, control unit, input side directly inserts electrical network, several power unit cascade structures realize high pressure output, line voltage is powered to power cell after the step-down of phase shift isolation rectification transformer, power cell is the AC-DC-AC PWM voltage-source type mapped structure of three-phase input, single-phase output, the output of adjacent power unit is connected in series, form Y and connect structure, the high pressure of realization variable voltage variable frequency is directly exported, and supplies with motor.
Described static frequency convertor, the former limit of phase-shifting commutation isolating transformer winding is attached to the high voltage input terminal of electrical network by the input circuit breaker, secondary has 3N secondary winding, the employing extend-triangle connects, and each secondary winding connects mutually with a power cell, and secondary winding is divided into N phase-group, mutual deviation 60/N electrical degree, divide timing at the transformer secondary winding, form per three secondary winding of same phase-group, give the power cell that belongs to motor three-phase power supply respectively.
Described static frequency convertor, the electric pressure of power cell and series connection quantity have determined the output voltage of frequency converter, the rated current of power cell has determined the frequency converter output current.Each power cell by one group of secondary winding power supply of input transformer, reaches mutually insulated between the transformer secondary winding respectively between the power cell.
Described electrical network is 15.75kV or 18kV.
Compare with traditional controllable silicon variable frequency starting system, adopt static frequency convertor start-up system of the present invention to have following advantage: owing to adopt power unit cascade, can use low pressure IGBT to form inversion unit, number by series unit can obtain to adapt to that different output voltages requires and perfect input and output waveform, total input harmonic current distortion rate can be lower than 2%, need not to increase the input and output filter, just can adapt to any occasion and motor and use; Because many power cells have identical structure and parameter, be convenient to power cell is made modularization, realize Redundancy Design, even also can be when the individual elements fault by the unit bypass function with this unit short circuit, system still can be normally or derate move; The smaller volume of whole system, cost reduces; The control precision height of system, the efficient height, the control precision of the frequency of output voltage can reach 0.01Hz, and overall system efficiency can reach more than 97%.
After adopting static frequency convertor governing system of the present invention, make that the output waveform of frequency converter is sinusoidal wave, need not to worry power high-order harmonic generation, need not to worry low-speed torque ripple, speed stability is good, is not subjected to harmful effects such as resonance; The efficient height, owing to reduced step-down and step-up transformer, loss is significantly cut down; And simplify the structure, reduced the volume of equipment, equipment cost significantly reduces.Simultaneously, system compares with controllable silicon, and new system need not increase extras, need not transformer case and transformer bypass cabinet; System constitutes simple, and stability is high, and the present invention has omitted the motor pole position detecting device, thereby reduces system cost; Response speed is fast, and since high voltage converter output be sine-wave current, need not filtering etc. equipment just can satisfy the harmonic requirement of power plant, need not carry out the high order harmonic component processing; Directly drive, torque factor is good, does not have torque fluctuations and velocity perturbation, and the electric motor starting process is steady, the very big success rate that is incorporated into the power networks that has improved unit.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the basic schematic of an embodiment of start-up system of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the start-up system block diagram of certain concrete embodiment of storage station of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is that single IGBT carries out the oscillogram that switching and rectifying when action forms in the electric motor starting process;
Fig. 4 is that single IGBT carries out the oscillogram that switching and rectifying when action forms in the motor accelerator;
Fig. 5 is pusher side and the voltage on line side oscillogram of energy accumulating machine when forming merit and being incorporated into the power networks;
Fig. 6 is the schematic diagram of the pumped storage unit starting governing system of prior art.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing embodiments of the invention are elaborated: following examples have provided detailed execution mode and process being to implement under the prerequisite with the technical solution of the present invention, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to following embodiment.
Embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, be the governing system signal of the foundation structure of present embodiment
Present embodiment foundation structure comprises: static frequency convertor, import circuit breaker, export circuit breaker, the switch that is incorporated into the power networks, excitation unit, electrical network connects the input circuit breaker, the input circuit breaker connects static frequency convertor, output circuit breaker and excitation unit successively, excitation unit connects the switch that is incorporated into the power networks, and the other end of the switch that is incorporated into the power networks is connected on electrical network and the input circuit breaker circuit between the two.
The present embodiment static frequency convertor is made up of phase shift isolation rectification transformer, power cell, control unit, input side directly inserts 15.75kV or 18kV electrical network, adopt several power unit cascade modes to realize high pressure output (no step-up transformer), to the power cell power supply, power cell is the AC-DC-AC PWM voltage-source type mapped structure of three-phase input, single-phase output after the isolating transformer step-down of multipleization of line voltage process secondary side.The output of adjacent power unit is connected in series, forms Y and connect structure, realize that the high pressure of variable voltage variable frequency is directly exported, supply with motor.
The static frequency convertor input phase-shifting commutation isolating transformer of present embodiment adopts multipleization design to reach the purpose that reduces input harmonics.The former limit of transformer winding is by importing the high voltage input terminal that circuit breaker is attached to electrical network, and secondary has 3N secondary winding, adopts extend-triangle to connect, and each secondary winding connects mutually with a power cell of static frequency convertor.Secondary winding is divided into N phase-group, mutual deviation 60/N electrical degree.Divide timing at the transformer secondary winding, form per three secondary winding of same phase-group, give the power cell that belongs to motor three-phase power supply respectively.
The power cell that the static frequency convertor of present embodiment adopts is the AC-DC-AC PWM power-type inverter structure that three-phase is imported single-phase output.The output of adjacent power unit is connected in series, forms Y and connect structure, realize that the high pressure of variable voltage variable frequency is directly exported, supply with high-tension motor.The electric pressure of power cell and series connection quantity have determined the output voltage of frequency converter, and the rated current of power cell has determined the frequency converter output current.Each power cell by one group of secondary winding power supply of input transformer, reaches mutually insulated between the transformer secondary winding respectively between the power cell.
Igbt (IGBT) has the advantages that the advantage with MOSFET (metal-oxide-semiconductor field effect t) and GTR (high-power thyristor) rolls into one, have promptly that input impedance height, speed are fast, Heat stability is good and drive circuit characteristic of simple, have low, the withstand voltage height of on state voltage again and bear advantages such as electric current is big.Simultaneously, high voltage converter (SFC) with this multiple technology formation, be also referred to as many level PWMs of units in series voltage-source type frequency converter, adopt power unit cascade, rather than connect with traditional device and to realize high pressure output, so the problem that does not exist device all to press, each power cell also only bears the part power output.Number by series unit adapts to different output voltage requirements, and its perfect input and output waveform has no effect to the accumulation of energy unit.
As shown in Figure 2, the pumped storage unit pump operating condition of present embodiment starts the system block diagram of the static frequency convertor governing system of usefulness.Present embodiment is the cubic formula of dragging, and promptly utilizes a cover static frequency convertor governing system can start four motors respectively.Utilized the operation principle of static frequency convertor governing system in pump operating condition starts of high-pressure frequency-conversion starting drive as follows:
As shown in Figure 3, when electric motor starting, thereby excitation unit makes synchronous machine produce excitatory generation rotor field.After magnetic field was set up, high voltage converter provided electric current to form armature field drive rotor field to the stator side of motor.For overcoming the bigger moment of inertia of initial start stage motor, high voltage converter calculates rotor arrangement according to motor section induction electric weight then and starts to follow the tracks of to the direct current of the very low approximate square wave of motor incoming frequency.Between the starting period, frequency converter makes it quicken operation with distinctive vector control technology output constant moment.Because static frequency convertor has adopted igbt (IGBT) device with self-switching-off capability and speed-sensitive switch performance, so need not as the traditional frequency conversion device that constitutes by common controllable silicon, need force the commutation mode at the electric motor starting initial stage, so just improve the stability and the electric motor starting success rate of system greatly;
As shown in Figure 4, in the motor accelerator,, change pulse distance, make the output voltage amplitude of frequency converter and frequency improve constantly, quicken operation thereby drive motor by accelerating the switch motion of IGBT.The switching frequency of accelerating period owing to IGBT constantly raises, make the current waveform of power cell output almost approach sine wave, output waveform contains high order harmonic component hardly, so just make that the operating ratio of motor is more steady, reduced the infringement of high order harmonic component to motor, and having reduced Harmonic Interference to surrounding environment, this is that traditional static frequency convertor is incomparable.
In the present embodiment, when static frequency convertor and auxiliary device during according to the startup process flow operation of accumulation of energy unit, also the centralized control system that is connected with static frequency convertor can be set, in motor and network process, static frequency convertor is because its output control precision is 0.01HZ, be much better than the precision of traditional frequency conversion device 0.1HZ, thereby its time of being incorporated into the power networks is short and the success rate that is incorporated into the power networks is higher, as shown in Figure 5, pusher side and voltage on line side waveform when energy accumulating machine composition merit is incorporated into the power networks, so can accelerate to 99% o'clock of rated speed at motor speed, by static frequency convertor to sending operating instruction the same period.Outside centralized control system begins to carry out to adjust the same period after receiving instruction, and broken hair does not go out to pulse regulating command to static frequency convertor and excitation unit, makes that respectively frequency, phase angle and amplitude and the line voltage of set end voltage are synchronous.
Judging under the prerequisite that synchronous condition is determined, send " finishing the instruction of to be incorporated into the power networks the same period " by centralized control system, after reliably being incorporated into the power networks, it is out of service that static frequency convertor carries out self-locking according to the success feedback signal that is incorporated into the power networks, finish whole starting process, and disconnect being connected of static frequency convertor and motor by breaker operator.In the moment that motor is incorporated into the power networks and static frequency convertor does not withdraw from, static frequency convertor can carry out self-protection by self regulating, to prevent that static frequency convertor is subjected to reverse current and impacts.
Present embodiment has overcome deficiency of the prior art fully, as shown in Figure 6, existing pumped storage unit starting static frequency convertor structure is owing to adopt the controllable silicon mode, need install the function that the input and output transformer is realized lifting voltage additional before and after its device, the start-up course operation is loaded down with trivial details.And conventional motors magnetic pole positioner adopts mechanical type more, loss easily, location difficulty.
Present embodiment owing to adopted IGBT series multiple superimposing technique, has suppressed the high order harmonic component of output current greatly, and its harmonic content is far below international standard; Structurally reduce the input and output transformer, made simplified equipment, significantly reduced the volume of equipment, reduced equipment cost and loss significantly reduces.Present embodiment not only is used for the startup of pumped storage unit pump operating condition, also can be used for the startup of other large-size machine, as gas turbine startup etc.
Claims (5)
1. variable-frequency speed regulating system for starting high-power pumped storage unit, comprise: the input circuit breaker, export circuit breaker, the switch that is incorporated into the power networks, excitation unit, it is characterized in that, also comprise: static frequency convertor, electrical network connects the input circuit breaker, the input circuit breaker connects static frequency convertor, output circuit breaker and excitation unit successively, and excitation unit connects the switch that is incorporated into the power networks, and the other end of the switch that is incorporated into the power networks is connected on electrical network and the input circuit breaker circuit between the two;
Described static frequency convertor is the high voltage converter that the power unit cascade stack of igbt forms.
2. variable-frequency speed regulating system for starting high-power pumped storage unit according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described static frequency convertor is by phase shift isolation rectification transformer, power cell, control unit is formed, input side directly inserts electrical network, several power unit cascade structures realize high pressure output, line voltage is powered to power cell after the step-down of phase shift isolation rectification transformer, power cell is the three-phase input, the AC-DC-AC PWM voltage-source type mapped structure of single-phase output, the output of adjacent power unit is connected in series, form Y and connect structure, the high pressure of realization variable voltage variable frequency is directly exported, and supplies with motor.
3. according to claim 1 or 2 described variable-frequency speed regulating system for starting high-power pumped storage unit, it is characterized in that, described static frequency convertor, the former limit of phase-shifting commutation isolating transformer winding is attached to the high voltage input terminal of electrical network by the input circuit breaker, secondary has 3N secondary winding, the employing extend-triangle connects, each secondary winding connects mutually with a power cell, secondary winding is divided into N phase-group, mutual deviation 60/N electrical degree, divide timing at the transformer secondary winding, form per three secondary winding of same phase-group, give the power cell that belongs to motor three-phase power supply respectively.
4. variable-frequency speed regulating system for starting high-power pumped storage unit according to claim 3, it is characterized in that, described static frequency convertor, the electric pressure of power cell and series connection quantity have determined the output voltage of frequency converter, the rated current of power cell has determined the frequency converter output current, each power cell by one group of secondary winding power supply of input transformer, reaches mutually insulated between the transformer secondary winding respectively between the power cell.
5. variable-frequency speed regulating system for starting high-power pumped storage unit according to claim 3 is characterized in that, described electrical network, its voltage are 15.75kV or 18kV.
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Cited By (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103066895A (en) * | 2012-12-30 | 2013-04-24 | 青岛天信电气有限公司 | Anti-explosion soft-starting synchronous seamless switching technology for mines |
| CN103633667A (en) * | 2013-12-13 | 2014-03-12 | 国网新源控股有限公司电力检修分公司 | Water pumping power regulating system and method based on IGBT (Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor) control |
| CN104155883A (en) * | 2014-06-12 | 2014-11-19 | 国家电网公司 | Starting control method for static frequency converter (SFC) of pump storage group |
| EP2815499A2 (en) * | 2012-03-09 | 2014-12-24 | ABB Technology AG | Method for operating an electric unit for a pump-storage power plant |
| CN104506087A (en) * | 2015-01-13 | 2015-04-08 | 哈尔滨电机厂有限责任公司 | Pump storage group variable frequency starting load simulation system |
| CN105810059A (en) * | 2014-12-30 | 2016-07-27 | 中核武汉核电运行技术股份有限公司 | Conversion device used for simulating generator parallel |
| CN107591961A (en) * | 2017-11-15 | 2018-01-16 | 河南省水利勘测设计研究有限公司 | Hydroenergy storage station machine pushes back road commutation equipment arrangement, connection method |
| CN108777495A (en) * | 2018-04-20 | 2018-11-09 | 中国电力科学研究院有限公司 | Control method for coordinating, frequency converter, energizing apparatus and starting of static frequency conversion system |
| CN109391216A (en) * | 2017-08-08 | 2019-02-26 | 上海理工大学 | The multiple control method of Vidacare corp |
| CN109391205A (en) * | 2017-08-08 | 2019-02-26 | 上海理工大学 | Vidacare corp and electrical equipment |
| CN109391218A (en) * | 2017-08-08 | 2019-02-26 | 上海理工大学 | Vidacare corp and electrical equipment |
| CN113395017A (en) * | 2021-06-16 | 2021-09-14 | 南方电网调峰调频发电有限公司 | Pumped-storage system, control method and storage medium |
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Cited By (17)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| EP2815499A2 (en) * | 2012-03-09 | 2014-12-24 | ABB Technology AG | Method for operating an electric unit for a pump-storage power plant |
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| CN105810059A (en) * | 2014-12-30 | 2016-07-27 | 中核武汉核电运行技术股份有限公司 | Conversion device used for simulating generator parallel |
| CN104506087A (en) * | 2015-01-13 | 2015-04-08 | 哈尔滨电机厂有限责任公司 | Pump storage group variable frequency starting load simulation system |
| CN109391216A (en) * | 2017-08-08 | 2019-02-26 | 上海理工大学 | The multiple control method of Vidacare corp |
| CN109391205A (en) * | 2017-08-08 | 2019-02-26 | 上海理工大学 | Vidacare corp and electrical equipment |
| CN109391218A (en) * | 2017-08-08 | 2019-02-26 | 上海理工大学 | Vidacare corp and electrical equipment |
| CN107591961A (en) * | 2017-11-15 | 2018-01-16 | 河南省水利勘测设计研究有限公司 | Hydroenergy storage station machine pushes back road commutation equipment arrangement, connection method |
| CN107591961B (en) * | 2017-11-15 | 2023-04-25 | 河南省水利勘测设计研究有限公司 | Arrangement and connection method of pumped storage power station machine pressure loop commutation equipment |
| CN108777495A (en) * | 2018-04-20 | 2018-11-09 | 中国电力科学研究院有限公司 | Control method for coordinating, frequency converter, energizing apparatus and starting of static frequency conversion system |
| CN108777495B (en) * | 2018-04-20 | 2022-11-25 | 国家电网有限公司 | Coordination control method, frequency converter, excitation equipment and static frequency conversion starting system |
| CN113395017A (en) * | 2021-06-16 | 2021-09-14 | 南方电网调峰调频发电有限公司 | Pumped-storage system, control method and storage medium |
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